Autism traits outweigh alexithymia traits in the explanation of mentalising performance in adults with autism but not in adults with rejected autism diagnosis / Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 32 p. Titre : Autism traits outweigh alexithymia traits in the explanation of mentalising performance in adults with autism but not in adults with rejected autism diagnosis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur ; Carola BLOCH, Auteur ; Lana BURGHOF, Auteur ; Fritz-Georg LEHNHARDT, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : 32 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Affective Symptoms/complications  Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Cross-Sectional Studies  Humans  Phenotype  Alexithymia  Autism  Dominance analysis  Mentalising Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Pronounced alexithymia traits have been found in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and recent research has been carving out the impact alexithymia traits might have on mentalising deficits associated with ASD. METHOD: In this cross-sectional study, a large representative referral population for diagnostic examination for possible ASD (n=400) was screened for clinical alexithymia with a German version of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test (RME). In contrast to previous attempts to carve out the impact of alexithymia traits on mentalising deficits though, we employed dominance analysis to account for the correlation between predictors. The relative relationship between alexithymia traits and autism traits with RME performance was investigated in the group of individuals with confirmed ASD diagnosis (N=281) and compared to the clinical referral sample in which ASD was ruled out (N=119). RESULTS: Dominance analysis revealed autism traits to be the strongest predictor for reduced mentalising skills in the ASD sample, whereas alexithymia contributed significantly less. In the sample of individuals with ruled out diagnosis, autism traits were the strongest predictor, but alexithymia traits were in sum equally associated to mentalising, with the External-Oriented Thinking subscale as an important predictor of this association. LIMITATIONS: It needs to be considered that the cross-sectional study design does not allow for causal inference. Furthermore, mentalising is a highly facetted capacity and measurements need to reduce this complexity into simple quantities which limits the generalizability of results. DISCUSSION: While alexithymia traits should be considered for their mental health importance, they do not dominate the explanation of reduced mentalising skills in individuals with ASD, but they might do to a larger degree in individuals with ruled out ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00510-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491 [article] Autism traits outweigh alexithymia traits in the explanation of mentalising performance in adults with autism but not in adults with rejected autism diagnosis [texte imprimé] / Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur ; Carola BLOCH, Auteur ; Lana BURGHOF, Auteur ; Fritz-Georg LEHNHARDT, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur . - 32 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 32 p. Mots-clés : Adult  Affective Symptoms/complications  Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Cross-Sectional Studies  Humans  Phenotype  Alexithymia  Autism  Dominance analysis  Mentalising Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Pronounced alexithymia traits have been found in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and recent research has been carving out the impact alexithymia traits might have on mentalising deficits associated with ASD. METHOD: In this cross-sectional study, a large representative referral population for diagnostic examination for possible ASD (n=400) was screened for clinical alexithymia with a German version of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test (RME). In contrast to previous attempts to carve out the impact of alexithymia traits on mentalising deficits though, we employed dominance analysis to account for the correlation between predictors. The relative relationship between alexithymia traits and autism traits with RME performance was investigated in the group of individuals with confirmed ASD diagnosis (N=281) and compared to the clinical referral sample in which ASD was ruled out (N=119). RESULTS: Dominance analysis revealed autism traits to be the strongest predictor for reduced mentalising skills in the ASD sample, whereas alexithymia contributed significantly less. In the sample of individuals with ruled out diagnosis, autism traits were the strongest predictor, but alexithymia traits were in sum equally associated to mentalising, with the External-Oriented Thinking subscale as an important predictor of this association. LIMITATIONS: It needs to be considered that the cross-sectional study design does not allow for causal inference. Furthermore, mentalising is a highly facetted capacity and measurements need to reduce this complexity into simple quantities which limits the generalizability of results. DISCUSSION: While alexithymia traits should be considered for their mental health importance, they do not dominate the explanation of reduced mentalising skills in individuals with ASD, but they might do to a larger degree in individuals with ruled out ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00510-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491

Brief Report: Specificity of Interpersonal Synchrony Deficits to Autism Spectrum Disorder and Its Potential for Digitally Assisted Diagnostics / Jana Christina KOEHLER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-8 (August 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-8 (August 2022) . - p.3718-3726 Titre : Brief Report: Specificity of Interpersonal Synchrony Deficits to Autism Spectrum Disorder and Its Potential for Digitally Assisted Diagnostics Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Jana Christina KOEHLER, Auteur ; Alexandra Livia GEORGESCU, Auteur ; Johanna WEISKE, Auteur ; Moritz SPANGEMACHER, Auteur ; Lana BURGHOF, Auteur ; Peter FALKAI, Auteur ; Nikolaos KOUTSOULERIS, Auteur ; Wolfgang TSCHACHER, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur ; Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3718-3726 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Humans  Mass Screening  Autism spectrum disorder  Diagnostics  Interpersonal synchrony  Motion energy analysis  Social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Reliably diagnosing autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in adulthood poses a challenge to clinicians due to the absence of specific diagnostic markers. This study investigated the potential of interpersonal synchrony (IPS), which has been found to be reduced in ASD, to augment the diagnostic process. IPS was objectively assessed in videos of diagnostic interviews in a representative referral population from two specialized autism outpatient clinics. In contrast to the current screening tools that could not reliably differentiate, we found a significant reduction of IPS in interactions with individuals later diagnosed with ASD (n=16) as opposed to those not receiving a diagnosis (n=23). While these findings need to be validated in larger samples, they nevertheless underline the potential of digitally-enhanced diagnostic processes for ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05194-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=485 [article] Brief Report: Specificity of Interpersonal Synchrony Deficits to Autism Spectrum Disorder and Its Potential for Digitally Assisted Diagnostics [texte imprimé] / Jana Christina KOEHLER, Auteur ; Alexandra Livia GEORGESCU, Auteur ; Johanna WEISKE, Auteur ; Moritz SPANGEMACHER, Auteur ; Lana BURGHOF, Auteur ; Peter FALKAI, Auteur ; Nikolaos KOUTSOULERIS, Auteur ; Wolfgang TSCHACHER, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur ; Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur . - p.3718-3726. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 52-8 (August 2022) . - p.3718-3726 Mots-clés : Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Humans  Mass Screening  Autism spectrum disorder  Diagnostics  Interpersonal synchrony  Motion energy analysis  Social interaction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Reliably diagnosing autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in adulthood poses a challenge to clinicians due to the absence of specific diagnostic markers. This study investigated the potential of interpersonal synchrony (IPS), which has been found to be reduced in ASD, to augment the diagnostic process. IPS was objectively assessed in videos of diagnostic interviews in a representative referral population from two specialized autism outpatient clinics. In contrast to the current screening tools that could not reliably differentiate, we found a significant reduction of IPS in interactions with individuals later diagnosed with ASD (n=16) as opposed to those not receiving a diagnosis (n=23). While these findings need to be validated in larger samples, they nevertheless underline the potential of digitally-enhanced diagnostic processes for ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05194-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=485

Perceptual Grouping in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Magnetoencephalography Study / Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-3 (March 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-3 (March 2024) . - p.1101-1112 Titre : Perceptual Grouping in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Magnetoencephalography Study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur ; Christian M. KIEFER, Auteur ; Anthony J. BAILEY, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur ; Jürgen DAMMERS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1101-1112 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Visual information is organised according to visual grouping principles. In visual grouping tasks individuals with ASD have shown equivocal performance. We explored neural correlates of Gestalt grouping in individuals with and without ASD. Neuromagnetic activity of individuals with (15) and without (18) ASD was compared during a visual grouping task testing grouping by proximity versus similarity. Individuals without ASD showed stronger evoked responses with earlier peaks in response to both grouping types indicating an earlier neuronal differentiation between grouping principles in individuals without ASD. In contrast, individuals with ASD showed particularly prolonged processing of grouping by similarity suggesting a high demand of neural resources. The neuronal processing differences found could explain less efficient grouping performance observed behaviourally in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05844-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=524 [article] Perceptual Grouping in Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Magnetoencephalography Study [texte imprimé] / Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur ; Christian M. KIEFER, Auteur ; Anthony J. BAILEY, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur ; Jürgen DAMMERS, Auteur . - p.1101-1112. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 54-3 (March 2024) . - p.1101-1112 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Visual information is organised according to visual grouping principles. In visual grouping tasks individuals with ASD have shown equivocal performance. We explored neural correlates of Gestalt grouping in individuals with and without ASD. Neuromagnetic activity of individuals with (15) and without (18) ASD was compared during a visual grouping task testing grouping by proximity versus similarity. Individuals without ASD showed stronger evoked responses with earlier peaks in response to both grouping types indicating an earlier neuronal differentiation between grouping principles in individuals without ASD. In contrast, individuals with ASD showed particularly prolonged processing of grouping by similarity suggesting a high demand of neural resources. The neuronal processing differences found could explain less efficient grouping performance observed behaviourally in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-022-05844-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=524

The influence of interpersonal synchrony and autism on impressions of dyadic interactions: a preregistered study / Irene S. PLANK in Molecular Autism, 16 (2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 16 (2025) . - 34 Titre : The influence of interpersonal synchrony and autism on impressions of dyadic interactions: a preregistered study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Irene S. PLANK, Auteur ; Ralf TEPEST, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur ; Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur ; Irene S. PLANK, Auteur ; Ralf TEPEST, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur ; Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur Article en page(s) : 34 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Male  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Female  Adult  Interpersonal Relations  Young Adult  Eye Movements  Social Interaction  Middle Aged  Fixation, Ocular  Autism spectrum disorder  Behavioural coordination  Dyadic interactions  Impression formation  Interpersonal synchrony  Observed interactions  by the Ethics committee of the LMU Munich (Reference number: 23–0268) and  conducted in concordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were  informed of the study procedure, study aim, associated risks and benefits as well  as data processing and data protection, before they signed a written consent  form. Consent for publication: We received consent for publication from the two  interaction partners depicted in Fig. 2. Competing interests: The authors declare  no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Humans form almost instantaneous impressions of everyone they encounter. These impressions set the first tone for how they approach and interact with others. Research on impression formation unveiled that impressions formed by autistic and non-autistic people are often less favourable when rating an autistic person. This effect is partly explainable by differences in motion dynamics. METHODS: In this preregistered study, we systematically assessed impressions formed by 27 autistic and 36 non-autistic comparison observers when watching videos showing silent interactions between either two non-autistic or between an autistic and a non-autistic person. We used an eye tracker to capture their gaze patterns while observing these interactions. Of each dyadic interaction, video vignettes with high and vignettes with low interpersonal synchrony of movement (IPS(mov)) were extracted using Motion Energy Analysis so that we could investigate the effects of interpersonal synchrony and diagnosis, respectively. RESULTS: Interactions were rated less favourably when the observed dyad included an autistic adult. Additionally, interactions showing low IPS(mov) were rated less favourably than interactions showing high IPS(mov), regardless of dyad type. Both autistic and comparison observers rated interactions of non-autistic dyads and high IPS(mov) interactions more favourably. Gaze patterns revealed differences between autistic and comparison observers, but no differences due to IPS(mov) or dyad type. Furthermore, dwell times to hands predicted ratings. LIMITATIONS: In this study, we investigated specific influences on impression formation, specifically interpersonal synchrony of movement and autism. There are many more potentially interesting aspects of individuals that impact impression formation, such as facial expressiveness, gaze behaviour and linguistic content of conversations, which should be investigated systematically and in a controlled fashion in future research. CONCLUSIONS: Extending research on autism and impression formation to dyadic interactions, this study reveals that motion dynamics play a role in how pleasant interactions are perceived. Autistic-involved interactions were rated lower, despite observers being unaware of the dyad type and only watching people's outlines. Future research should identify conversational aspects driving lower ratings of mixed dyads, potentially considering the effect of hand dwell times on ratings. Autistic and comparison observers showed different gaze patterns despite similar ratings, confirming distinct social information processing. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-025-00668-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=569 [article] The influence of interpersonal synchrony and autism on impressions of dyadic interactions: a preregistered study [texte imprimé] / Irene S. PLANK, Auteur ; Ralf TEPEST, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur ; Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur ; Irene S. PLANK, Auteur ; Ralf TEPEST, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur ; Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur . - 34. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 16 (2025) . - 34 Mots-clés : Humans  Male  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Female  Adult  Interpersonal Relations  Young Adult  Eye Movements  Social Interaction  Middle Aged  Fixation, Ocular  Autism spectrum disorder  Behavioural coordination  Dyadic interactions  Impression formation  Interpersonal synchrony  Observed interactions  by the Ethics committee of the LMU Munich (Reference number: 23–0268) and  conducted in concordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were  informed of the study procedure, study aim, associated risks and benefits as well  as data processing and data protection, before they signed a written consent  form. Consent for publication: We received consent for publication from the two  interaction partners depicted in Fig. 2. Competing interests: The authors declare  no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Humans form almost instantaneous impressions of everyone they encounter. These impressions set the first tone for how they approach and interact with others. Research on impression formation unveiled that impressions formed by autistic and non-autistic people are often less favourable when rating an autistic person. This effect is partly explainable by differences in motion dynamics. METHODS: In this preregistered study, we systematically assessed impressions formed by 27 autistic and 36 non-autistic comparison observers when watching videos showing silent interactions between either two non-autistic or between an autistic and a non-autistic person. We used an eye tracker to capture their gaze patterns while observing these interactions. Of each dyadic interaction, video vignettes with high and vignettes with low interpersonal synchrony of movement (IPS(mov)) were extracted using Motion Energy Analysis so that we could investigate the effects of interpersonal synchrony and diagnosis, respectively. RESULTS: Interactions were rated less favourably when the observed dyad included an autistic adult. Additionally, interactions showing low IPS(mov) were rated less favourably than interactions showing high IPS(mov), regardless of dyad type. Both autistic and comparison observers rated interactions of non-autistic dyads and high IPS(mov) interactions more favourably. Gaze patterns revealed differences between autistic and comparison observers, but no differences due to IPS(mov) or dyad type. Furthermore, dwell times to hands predicted ratings. LIMITATIONS: In this study, we investigated specific influences on impression formation, specifically interpersonal synchrony of movement and autism. There are many more potentially interesting aspects of individuals that impact impression formation, such as facial expressiveness, gaze behaviour and linguistic content of conversations, which should be investigated systematically and in a controlled fashion in future research. CONCLUSIONS: Extending research on autism and impression formation to dyadic interactions, this study reveals that motion dynamics play a role in how pleasant interactions are perceived. Autistic-involved interactions were rated lower, despite observers being unaware of the dyad type and only watching people's outlines. Future research should identify conversational aspects driving lower ratings of mixed dyads, potentially considering the effect of hand dwell times on ratings. Autistic and comparison observers showed different gaze patterns despite similar ratings, confirming distinct social information processing. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-025-00668-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=569

What is specific about employment status, workplace experiences and requirements in individuals with autism in Germany? / Julia ESPELÖER in Autism Research, 16-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 16-7 (July 2023) . - p.1389-1402 Titre : What is specific about employment status, workplace experiences and requirements in individuals with autism in Germany? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Julia ESPELÖER, Auteur ; Julia PROFT, Auteur ; Phyllis KEMMER, Auteur ; Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1389-1402 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract The challenge of sustainably integrating highly educated individuals with ASD without intellectual disabilities in the first labor market is repeatedly described in literature. In a retrospective study, a group of 197 clinically late-diagnosed adults with ASD without intellectual disabilities was compared to a closely matched group of 501 individuals who did not meet the criteria for the diagnosis of ASD within a utilization population of the Cologne Autism Outpatient Clinic. Results indicated that the pronounced demand for reduction of social and interpersonal requirements at the workplace (including planned or limited contact with colleagues and customers) as well as the experience of difficulties following unexpected changes in the daily routine were specific for ASD. In addition, individuals with ASD reported greater difficulties in finding a suitable job and being able to live on their wages, taking age and educational qualification into account. Supported employment measures were provided significantly more frequently to individuals in the ASD group. In conclusion, impairments in social skills emerged as one of the main obstacles of workplace performance for individuals with ASD emphasizing the necessity to develop and apply ASD-specific support services. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2958 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=510 [article] What is specific about employment status, workplace experiences and requirements in individuals with autism in Germany? [texte imprimé] / Julia ESPELÖER, Auteur ; Julia PROFT, Auteur ; Phyllis KEMMER, Auteur ; Christine M. FALTER-WAGNER, Auteur ; Kai VOGELEY, Auteur . - p.1389-1402. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 16-7 (July 2023) . - p.1389-1402 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract The challenge of sustainably integrating highly educated individuals with ASD without intellectual disabilities in the first labor market is repeatedly described in literature. In a retrospective study, a group of 197 clinically late-diagnosed adults with ASD without intellectual disabilities was compared to a closely matched group of 501 individuals who did not meet the criteria for the diagnosis of ASD within a utilization population of the Cologne Autism Outpatient Clinic. Results indicated that the pronounced demand for reduction of social and interpersonal requirements at the workplace (including planned or limited contact with colleagues and customers) as well as the experience of difficulties following unexpected changes in the daily routine were specific for ASD. In addition, individuals with ASD reported greater difficulties in finding a suitable job and being able to live on their wages, taking age and educational qualification into account. Supported employment measures were provided significantly more frequently to individuals in the ASD group. In conclusion, impairments in social skills emerged as one of the main obstacles of workplace performance for individuals with ASD emphasizing the necessity to develop and apply ASD-specific support services. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.2958 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=510

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