Altered neural response to rejection-related words in children exposed to maltreatment / Vanessa B. PUETZ in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-10 (October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-10 (October 2016) . - p.1165-1173 Titre : Altered neural response to rejection-related words in children exposed to maltreatment Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Vanessa B. PUETZ, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Amy L. PALMER, Auteur ; Philip A. KELLY, Auteur ; Rachael LICKLEY, Auteur ; Iakovina KOUTOUFA, Auteur ; Catherine L. SEBASTIAN, Auteur ; Eamon J. MCCRORY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1165-1173 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child abuse  emotion regulation  fMRI  posttraumatic stress disorder  adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Children exposed to maltreatment show neural sensitivity to facial cues signalling threat. However, little is known about how maltreatment influences the processing of social threat cues more broadly, and whether atypical processing of social threat cues relates to psychiatric risk. Methods Forty-one 10- to 14-year-old children underwent a social rejection-themed emotional Stroop task during functional magnetic resonance imaging: 21 children with a documented history of maltreatment (11 F) and 19 comparison children with no maltreatment history (11 F). Groups were matched on age, pubertal status, gender, IQ, socioeconomic status, ethnicity and reading ability. Classic colour Stroop stimuli were also administered in the same paradigm to investigate potential differences in general cognitive control. Results Compared with their peers, children who had experienced maltreatment showed reduced activation in the Rejection versus Neutral condition, across circuitry previously implicated in abuse-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), including the left anterior insula, extending into left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex/orbitofrontal cortex; left amygdala; left inferior parietal cortex (STS); and bilateral visual association cortex, encompassing the cuneus and lingual gyrus. No group differences in neural or behavioural responses were found for the classic colour Stroop conditions. Significant negative associations between activity in bilateral cuneus and STS during the rejection-themed Stroop and higher self-reported PTSD symptomatology, including dissociation, were observed in children exposed to maltreatment. Conclusion Our findings indicate a pattern of altered neural response to social rejection cues in maltreated children. Compared to their peers, these children displayed relative hypoactivation to rejection cues in regions previously associated with PTSD, potentially reflecting an avoidant coping response. It is suggested that such atypical processing of social threat may index latent vulnerability to future psychopathology in general and PTSD in particular. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12595 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=295 [article] Altered neural response to rejection-related words in children exposed to maltreatment [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Vanessa B. PUETZ, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Amy L. PALMER, Auteur ; Philip A. KELLY, Auteur ; Rachael LICKLEY, Auteur ; Iakovina KOUTOUFA, Auteur ; Catherine L. SEBASTIAN, Auteur ; Eamon J. MCCRORY, Auteur . - p.1165-1173. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-10 (October 2016) . - p.1165-1173 Mots-clés : Child abuse  emotion regulation  fMRI  posttraumatic stress disorder  adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Children exposed to maltreatment show neural sensitivity to facial cues signalling threat. However, little is known about how maltreatment influences the processing of social threat cues more broadly, and whether atypical processing of social threat cues relates to psychiatric risk. Methods Forty-one 10- to 14-year-old children underwent a social rejection-themed emotional Stroop task during functional magnetic resonance imaging: 21 children with a documented history of maltreatment (11 F) and 19 comparison children with no maltreatment history (11 F). Groups were matched on age, pubertal status, gender, IQ, socioeconomic status, ethnicity and reading ability. Classic colour Stroop stimuli were also administered in the same paradigm to investigate potential differences in general cognitive control. Results Compared with their peers, children who had experienced maltreatment showed reduced activation in the Rejection versus Neutral condition, across circuitry previously implicated in abuse-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), including the left anterior insula, extending into left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex/orbitofrontal cortex; left amygdala; left inferior parietal cortex (STS); and bilateral visual association cortex, encompassing the cuneus and lingual gyrus. No group differences in neural or behavioural responses were found for the classic colour Stroop conditions. Significant negative associations between activity in bilateral cuneus and STS during the rejection-themed Stroop and higher self-reported PTSD symptomatology, including dissociation, were observed in children exposed to maltreatment. Conclusion Our findings indicate a pattern of altered neural response to social rejection cues in maltreated children. Compared to their peers, these children displayed relative hypoactivation to rejection cues in regions previously associated with PTSD, potentially reflecting an avoidant coping response. It is suggested that such atypical processing of social threat may index latent vulnerability to future psychopathology in general and PTSD in particular. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12595 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=295

Face processing abilities in relatives of individuals with ASD / Simon WALLACE in Autism Research, 3-6 (December 2010)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 3-6 (December 2010) . - p.345-349 Titre : Face processing abilities in relatives of individuals with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Simon WALLACE, Auteur ; Catherine L. SEBASTIAN, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur ; Anthony J. BAILEY, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : p.345-349 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  broader autism phenotype  relatives  genetics  face processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show difficulties identifying familiar faces, recognizing emotional expressions and judging eye-gaze direction. Recent research suggests that relatives of individuals with AS also show impairments in some aspects of face processing but no study has comprehensively assessed the nature and extent of face-processing difficulties in a group of relatives. This study compared the performance of 22 parents/adult siblings of individuals with ASD (“relatives” group), 26 adults with ASD, and 26 typically developing adults on tasks of face discrimination, facial expression recognition and judging eye-gaze direction. Relatives of individuals with ASD were less able to discriminate subtle differences between faces than typically developing adults, but were more sensitive to such differences than adults with ASD. Furthermore, relatives were significantly worse at identifying expressions of fear and disgust than typically developing adults and failed to show the typical sensitivity to direct compared with averted eye-gaze direction—a strikingly similar pattern to that observed in adults with ASD. These findings show that atypical patterns of face processing are found in some relatives of individuals with ASD and suggest that these difficulties may represent a cognitive endophenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.161 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=115 [article] Face processing abilities in relatives of individuals with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Simon WALLACE, Auteur ; Catherine L. SEBASTIAN, Auteur ; Elizabeth PELLICANO, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur ; Anthony J. BAILEY, Auteur . - 2010 . - p.345-349. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 3-6 (December 2010) . - p.345-349 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  broader autism phenotype  relatives  genetics  face processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show difficulties identifying familiar faces, recognizing emotional expressions and judging eye-gaze direction. Recent research suggests that relatives of individuals with AS also show impairments in some aspects of face processing but no study has comprehensively assessed the nature and extent of face-processing difficulties in a group of relatives. This study compared the performance of 22 parents/adult siblings of individuals with ASD (“relatives” group), 26 adults with ASD, and 26 typically developing adults on tasks of face discrimination, facial expression recognition and judging eye-gaze direction. Relatives of individuals with ASD were less able to discriminate subtle differences between faces than typically developing adults, but were more sensitive to such differences than adults with ASD. Furthermore, relatives were significantly worse at identifying expressions of fear and disgust than typically developing adults and failed to show the typical sensitivity to direct compared with averted eye-gaze direction—a strikingly similar pattern to that observed in adults with ASD. These findings show that atypical patterns of face processing are found in some relatives of individuals with ASD and suggest that these difficulties may represent a cognitive endophenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.161 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=115

Reactions to Ostracism in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Conditions / Catherine L. SEBASTIAN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 39-8 (August 2009)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 39-8 (August 2009) . - p.1122-1130 Titre : Reactions to Ostracism in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Conditions Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Catherine L. SEBASTIAN, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Sarah-Jayne BLAKEMORE, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : p.1122-1130 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism-spectrum-conditions-(ASC) Ostracism Adolescence Self-report Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is known about how adolescents with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) experience the initial impact of ostracism. This study investigated whether a mild, short-term episode of experimentally induced ostracism (Cyberball) would affect self-reported anxiety, mood, and the extent to which four social needs (self-esteem, belonging, control and meaningful existence) were threatened in adolescents with ASC and matched controls. Anxiety and the four needs were negatively affected by ostracism in both groups. However, ostracism did not modulate mood in the ASC group, and a number of possible interpretations of this group difference are discussed. In general, the results of this study suggest that normative models of ostracism are applicable to ASC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-009-0725-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788 [article] Reactions to Ostracism in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Conditions [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Catherine L. SEBASTIAN, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Sarah-Jayne BLAKEMORE, Auteur . - 2009 . - p.1122-1130. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 39-8 (August 2009) . - p.1122-1130 Mots-clés : Autism-spectrum-conditions-(ASC) Ostracism Adolescence Self-report Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is known about how adolescents with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) experience the initial impact of ostracism. This study investigated whether a mild, short-term episode of experimentally induced ostracism (Cyberball) would affect self-reported anxiety, mood, and the extent to which four social needs (self-esteem, belonging, control and meaningful existence) were threatened in adolescents with ASC and matched controls. Anxiety and the four needs were negatively affected by ostracism in both groups. However, ostracism did not modulate mood in the ASC group, and a number of possible interpretations of this group difference are discussed. In general, the results of this study suggest that normative models of ostracism are applicable to ASC. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-009-0725-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=788

Reduced orbitofrontal and temporal grey matter in a community sample of maltreated children / Stephane A. DE BRITO in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54-1 (January 2013)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-1 (January 2013) . - 105-112 Titre : Reduced orbitofrontal and temporal grey matter in a community sample of maltreated children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephane A. DE BRITO, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Catherine L. SEBASTIAN, Auteur ; Philip A. KELLY, Auteur ; Andrea MECHELLI, Auteur ; Helen MARIS, Auteur ; Eamon J. MCCRORY, Auteur Article en page(s) : 105-112 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : maltreatment  child abuse  orbitofrontal cortex  middle temporal gyrus  voxel-based morphometry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Childhood maltreatment is strongly associated with increased risk of psychiatric disorder. Previous neuroimaging studies have reported atypical neural structure in the orbitofrontal cortex, temporal lobe, amygdala, hippocampus and cerebellum in maltreated samples. It has been hypothesised that these structural differences may relate to increased psychiatric vulnerability. However, previous studies have typically recruited clinical samples with concurrent psychiatric disorders, or have poorly characterised the range of maltreatment experiences and levels of concurrent anxiety or depression, limiting the interpretation of the observed structural differences. Methods: We used voxel-based morphometry to compare grey matter volume in a group of 18 children (mean age 12.01 years, SD = 1.4), referred to community social services, with documented and well-characterised experiences of maltreatment at home and a group of 20 nonmaltreated children (mean age 12.6 years, SD = 1.3). Both groups were comparable on age, gender, cognitive ability, ethnicity and levels of anxiety, depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms. We examined five a priori regions of interest: the prefrontal cortex, temporal lobes, amygdala, hippocampus and cerebellum. Results: Maltreated children, compared to nonmaltreated peers, presented with reduced grey matter in the medial orbitofrontal cortex and the left middle temporal gyrus. Conclusions: The medial orbitofrontal cortex and the middle temporal gyrus have been implicated in reinforcement-based decision-making, emotion regulation and autobiographical memory, processes that are impaired in a number of psychiatric disorders associated with maltreatment. We speculate that grey matter disturbance in these regions in a community sample of maltreated children may represent a latent neurobiological risk factor for later psychopathology and heightened risk taking. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02597.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=186 [article] Reduced orbitofrontal and temporal grey matter in a community sample of maltreated children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephane A. DE BRITO, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur ; Catherine L. SEBASTIAN, Auteur ; Philip A. KELLY, Auteur ; Andrea MECHELLI, Auteur ; Helen MARIS, Auteur ; Eamon J. MCCRORY, Auteur . - 105-112. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 54-1 (January 2013) . - 105-112 Mots-clés : maltreatment  child abuse  orbitofrontal cortex  middle temporal gyrus  voxel-based morphometry Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Childhood maltreatment is strongly associated with increased risk of psychiatric disorder. Previous neuroimaging studies have reported atypical neural structure in the orbitofrontal cortex, temporal lobe, amygdala, hippocampus and cerebellum in maltreated samples. It has been hypothesised that these structural differences may relate to increased psychiatric vulnerability. However, previous studies have typically recruited clinical samples with concurrent psychiatric disorders, or have poorly characterised the range of maltreatment experiences and levels of concurrent anxiety or depression, limiting the interpretation of the observed structural differences. Methods: We used voxel-based morphometry to compare grey matter volume in a group of 18 children (mean age 12.01 years, SD = 1.4), referred to community social services, with documented and well-characterised experiences of maltreatment at home and a group of 20 nonmaltreated children (mean age 12.6 years, SD = 1.3). Both groups were comparable on age, gender, cognitive ability, ethnicity and levels of anxiety, depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms. We examined five a priori regions of interest: the prefrontal cortex, temporal lobes, amygdala, hippocampus and cerebellum. Results: Maltreated children, compared to nonmaltreated peers, presented with reduced grey matter in the medial orbitofrontal cortex and the left middle temporal gyrus. Conclusions: The medial orbitofrontal cortex and the middle temporal gyrus have been implicated in reinforcement-based decision-making, emotion regulation and autobiographical memory, processes that are impaired in a number of psychiatric disorders associated with maltreatment. We speculate that grey matter disturbance in these regions in a community sample of maltreated children may represent a latent neurobiological risk factor for later psychopathology and heightened risk taking. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02597.x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=186

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