
- <Centre d'Information et de documentation du CRA Rhône-Alpes
- CRA
- Informations pratiques
-
Adresse
Centre d'information et de documentation
Horaires
du CRA Rhône-Alpes
Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier
bât 211
95, Bd Pinel
69678 Bron CedexLundi au Vendredi
Contact
9h00-12h00 13h30-16h00Tél: +33(0)4 37 91 54 65
Mail
Fax: +33(0)4 37 91 54 37
-
Adresse
|
[n° ou bulletin]
[n° ou bulletin]
11-7 - July 2018 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - 2018. Langues : Anglais (eng)
|
Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres | Cote | Support | Localisation | Section | Disponibilité |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PER0001639 | PER ARE | Périodique | Centre d'Information et de Documentation du CRA Rhône-Alpes | PER - Périodiques | Exclu du prêt |
Dépouillements


Emotion regulation in autism spectrum disorder: Where we are and where we need to go / Ru Ying CAI in Autism Research, 11-7 (July 2018)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Emotion regulation in autism spectrum disorder: Where we are and where we need to go Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ru Ying CAI, Auteur ; A. L. RICHDALE, Auteur ; M. ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur ; Andrea C. SAMSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.962-978 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asd autism spectrum disorder emotion regulation flexibility method outcomes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Emotion dysregulation is a common issue experienced by individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and has been associated with a wide range of negative mental and physical health outcomes. This commentary highlights the role emotion dysregulation plays in ASD by first considering the literature on emotion regulation (ER) in the general population and then summarizing the ER research in ASD. Based on the evaluation of previous research findings, we conclude that individuals with ASD have more ER difficulties and consistently self-report or demonstrate a less adaptive pattern of ER strategy use. In addition, the higher prevalence of internalizing and externalizing issues seen in ASD are associated with the greater habitual use of some ER strategies and less habitual use of others. Conceptual and methodological limitations are discussed, including the use of coping measures and single-method approaches, and ASD gender distribution. We propose a set of new directions for investigating ER in ASD, incorporating knowledge from other literatures on the role of flexibility in healthy adaptation, overlaps between flexibility and executive function deficits, the adaptive value of up-regulation of positive emotions, and the importance of emotional self-awareness. Increasing our capacity for identifying the mechanisms underlying co-morbid affective disorders can ultimately inform the design of effective interventions to maximize the wellbeing of individuals with ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 962-978. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Research has shown that people diagnosed with autism tend to have difficulties with regulating their own emotions. This commentary article summarizes the main information from emotion regulation research conducted both in autism and in other populations. We make suggestions on how we can improve emotion regulation research in autism, with the ultimate goal being to use the learning gained from research to design effective interventions that can improve the wellbeing of people with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1968 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.962-978[article] Emotion regulation in autism spectrum disorder: Where we are and where we need to go [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ru Ying CAI, Auteur ; A. L. RICHDALE, Auteur ; M. ULJAREVIC, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur ; Andrea C. SAMSON, Auteur . - p.962-978.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.962-978
Mots-clés : Asd autism spectrum disorder emotion regulation flexibility method outcomes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Emotion dysregulation is a common issue experienced by individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and has been associated with a wide range of negative mental and physical health outcomes. This commentary highlights the role emotion dysregulation plays in ASD by first considering the literature on emotion regulation (ER) in the general population and then summarizing the ER research in ASD. Based on the evaluation of previous research findings, we conclude that individuals with ASD have more ER difficulties and consistently self-report or demonstrate a less adaptive pattern of ER strategy use. In addition, the higher prevalence of internalizing and externalizing issues seen in ASD are associated with the greater habitual use of some ER strategies and less habitual use of others. Conceptual and methodological limitations are discussed, including the use of coping measures and single-method approaches, and ASD gender distribution. We propose a set of new directions for investigating ER in ASD, incorporating knowledge from other literatures on the role of flexibility in healthy adaptation, overlaps between flexibility and executive function deficits, the adaptive value of up-regulation of positive emotions, and the importance of emotional self-awareness. Increasing our capacity for identifying the mechanisms underlying co-morbid affective disorders can ultimately inform the design of effective interventions to maximize the wellbeing of individuals with ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 962-978. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Research has shown that people diagnosed with autism tend to have difficulties with regulating their own emotions. This commentary article summarizes the main information from emotion regulation research conducted both in autism and in other populations. We make suggestions on how we can improve emotion regulation research in autism, with the ultimate goal being to use the learning gained from research to design effective interventions that can improve the wellbeing of people with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1968 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 Assessing the heterogeneity of autism spectrum symptoms in a school population / Paula MORALES-HIDALGO in Autism Research, 11-7 (July 2018)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Assessing the heterogeneity of autism spectrum symptoms in a school population Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Paula MORALES-HIDALGO, Auteur ; P. J. FERRANDO, Auteur ; J. CANALS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.979-988 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders factor mixture analysis general child population symptom profiles Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The aim of the present study was to assess whether the nature of the main autistic features (i.e., social communication problems and repetitive and restrictive patterns) are better conceptualized as dimensional or categorical in a school population. The study was based on the teacher ratings of two different age groups: 2,585 children between the ages of 10 and 12 (Primary Education; PE) and 2,502 children between the ages of 3 and 5 (Nursery Education; NE) from 60 mainstream schools. The analyses were based on Factor Mixture Analysis, a novel approach that combines dimensional and categorical features and prevents spurious latent classes from appearing. The results provided evidence of the dimensionality of autism spectrum symptoms in a school age population. The distribution of the symptoms was strongly and positively skewed but continuous; and the prevalence of high-risk symptoms for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and social-pragmatic communication disorder (SCD) was 7.55% of NE children and 8.74% in PE. A categorical separation between SCD and ASD was not supported by our sample. In view of the results, it is necessary to establish clear cut points for detecting and diagnosing autism and to develop specific and reliable tools capable of assessing symptom severity and functional consequences in children with ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 979-988. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The results of the present study suggest that the distribution of autism spectrum symptoms are continuous and dimensional among school-aged children and thus support the need to establish clear cut-off points for detecting and diagnosing autism. In our sample, the prevalence of high-risk symptoms for autism spectrum disorders and social-pragmatic communication disorder was around 8%. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1964 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.979-988[article] Assessing the heterogeneity of autism spectrum symptoms in a school population [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Paula MORALES-HIDALGO, Auteur ; P. J. FERRANDO, Auteur ; J. CANALS, Auteur . - p.979-988.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.979-988
Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders factor mixture analysis general child population symptom profiles Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The aim of the present study was to assess whether the nature of the main autistic features (i.e., social communication problems and repetitive and restrictive patterns) are better conceptualized as dimensional or categorical in a school population. The study was based on the teacher ratings of two different age groups: 2,585 children between the ages of 10 and 12 (Primary Education; PE) and 2,502 children between the ages of 3 and 5 (Nursery Education; NE) from 60 mainstream schools. The analyses were based on Factor Mixture Analysis, a novel approach that combines dimensional and categorical features and prevents spurious latent classes from appearing. The results provided evidence of the dimensionality of autism spectrum symptoms in a school age population. The distribution of the symptoms was strongly and positively skewed but continuous; and the prevalence of high-risk symptoms for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and social-pragmatic communication disorder (SCD) was 7.55% of NE children and 8.74% in PE. A categorical separation between SCD and ASD was not supported by our sample. In view of the results, it is necessary to establish clear cut points for detecting and diagnosing autism and to develop specific and reliable tools capable of assessing symptom severity and functional consequences in children with ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 979-988. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The results of the present study suggest that the distribution of autism spectrum symptoms are continuous and dimensional among school-aged children and thus support the need to establish clear cut-off points for detecting and diagnosing autism. In our sample, the prevalence of high-risk symptoms for autism spectrum disorders and social-pragmatic communication disorder was around 8%. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1964 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 Alterations in plasma cytokine levels in chinese children with autism spectrum disorder / C. C. HU in Autism Research, 11-7 (July 2018)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Alterations in plasma cytokine levels in chinese children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. C. HU, Auteur ; X. XU, Auteur ; G. L. XIONG, Auteur ; Q. XU, Auteur ; B. R. ZHOU, Auteur ; C. Y. LI, Auteur ; Q. QIN, Auteur ; C. X. LIU, Auteur ; H. P. LI, Auteur ; Y. J. SUN, Auteur ; X. YU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.989-999 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : TGF-beta1 TNF-alpha cytokine eotaxin immune neuroinflammation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Genetic alterations, together with environmental risk factors during infancy and childhood, contribute significantly to the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in social interaction and restricted, repetitive behaviors. Mounting evidence points to a critical contribution of immunological risk factors to the development of ASD. By affecting multiple neurodevelopmental processes, immune system dysfunction could act as a point of convergence between genetics and environmental factors in ASD. Previous studies have shown altered cytokine levels in individuals with ASD, but research in Asian populations are limited. Here, we measured the plasma levels of 11 candidate cytokines in ASD and typically developing (TD) children. The cohort included 41 TD children and 87 children with ASD, aged 1-6 years. We found that as compared to the TD group, children with ASD had higher plasma levels of Eotaxin, TGF-beta1 and TNF-alpha. The increase in TGF-beta1 level was most significant in males, while the increase in Eotaxin was most significant in females. Eotaxin level negatively correlated with the social affect score (SA) in ADOS, while TNF-alpha level positively correlated with total development quotient (DQ), measured using GMDS. These pilot findings suggest potentially important roles of Eotaxin, TGF-beta1 and TNF-alpha in ASD in the Chinese population. Autism Res 2018, 11: 989-999. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Alteration of immune system function is an important risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here we found that the levels of cytokines, including Eotaxin, TGF-beta1 and TNF-alpha, are elevated in Chinese children with ASD, as compared to typically developing children. The change in TGF-beta1 level was most prominent in boys, while that of Eotaxin was more significant in girls. These results provide evidence for changes in cytokine profile in Chinese children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1940 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.989-999[article] Alterations in plasma cytokine levels in chinese children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. C. HU, Auteur ; X. XU, Auteur ; G. L. XIONG, Auteur ; Q. XU, Auteur ; B. R. ZHOU, Auteur ; C. Y. LI, Auteur ; Q. QIN, Auteur ; C. X. LIU, Auteur ; H. P. LI, Auteur ; Y. J. SUN, Auteur ; X. YU, Auteur . - p.989-999.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.989-999
Mots-clés : TGF-beta1 TNF-alpha cytokine eotaxin immune neuroinflammation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Genetic alterations, together with environmental risk factors during infancy and childhood, contribute significantly to the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in social interaction and restricted, repetitive behaviors. Mounting evidence points to a critical contribution of immunological risk factors to the development of ASD. By affecting multiple neurodevelopmental processes, immune system dysfunction could act as a point of convergence between genetics and environmental factors in ASD. Previous studies have shown altered cytokine levels in individuals with ASD, but research in Asian populations are limited. Here, we measured the plasma levels of 11 candidate cytokines in ASD and typically developing (TD) children. The cohort included 41 TD children and 87 children with ASD, aged 1-6 years. We found that as compared to the TD group, children with ASD had higher plasma levels of Eotaxin, TGF-beta1 and TNF-alpha. The increase in TGF-beta1 level was most significant in males, while the increase in Eotaxin was most significant in females. Eotaxin level negatively correlated with the social affect score (SA) in ADOS, while TNF-alpha level positively correlated with total development quotient (DQ), measured using GMDS. These pilot findings suggest potentially important roles of Eotaxin, TGF-beta1 and TNF-alpha in ASD in the Chinese population. Autism Res 2018, 11: 989-999. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Alteration of immune system function is an important risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here we found that the levels of cytokines, including Eotaxin, TGF-beta1 and TNF-alpha, are elevated in Chinese children with ASD, as compared to typically developing children. The change in TGF-beta1 level was most prominent in boys, while that of Eotaxin was more significant in girls. These results provide evidence for changes in cytokine profile in Chinese children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1940 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 Parenting adolescents with ASD: A multimethod study / L. VAN ESCH in Autism Research, 11-7 (July 2018)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Parenting adolescents with ASD: A multimethod study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. VAN ESCH, Auteur ; S. VANMARCKE, Auteur ; E. CEULEMANS, Auteur ; K. VAN LEEUWEN, Auteur ; I. NOENS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1000-1010 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder adolescence observation parenting behavior parenting stress questionnaire Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A number of studies have concluded that parents of children with ASD experience high levels of parenting stress. However, little is known about their parenting behaviors. Especially few studies investigated parenting in adolescence, although this period is associated with additional challenges for both adolescents and their parents. In the present study, a multi-method approach was used, combining data from a self-report questionnaire and observation of mother-child interactions during different semi-structured (e.g., inventing and building a vehicle of the future with construction toys) and structured tasks (e.g., solving marble maze). Linear mixed models (LMM) were used to compare the means of parenting behaviors among mothers of adolescents with (n = 44) and without ASD (n = 38), aged 12 to 16 years old. During the observations, mothers of adolescents with ASD showed more sensitivity and creativity, compared to the general population control group. In addition, mothers in the ASD group reported on the self-report questionnaire to adapt the environment more, for example, by establishing routines. Furthermore, this study investigated the role of maternal characteristics, that is, ASD characteristics and parenting stress. Parenting stress was associated with less self-reported positive parenting. Higher levels of ASD characteristics of the mother were related to more negativity and less sensitivity during the observation, and more self-reported harsh punishment and adapting the environment. This study additionally examined whether the impact of these maternal characteristics was the same across the two groups. Whereas group by parenting stress interaction effects were not significant for any of the observed and self-reported parenting behaviors, significant group by ASD characteristics interaction effects were noticed for self-reported harsh punishment and adapting the environment. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1000-1010. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: A number of studies have concluded that parents of children with ASD experience high levels of parenting stress. However, little is known about their parenting behaviors. Especially parenting in adolescence remains under investigated, although this period is associated with additional challenges for both adolescents and their parents. In this study, 44 adolescents with ASD and a control group of 38 adolescents without ASD, aged 12-16 years old, participated together with their mother. We compared parenting behaviors between the two groups, based on observations of mother-child interactions and a questionnaire that was filled out by the mother. During the observation, mothers of adolescents with ASD showed more sensitivity and creativity, compared to the control group. In addition, the questionnaire responses indicated that mothers in the ASD group adapted the environment more by for example, establishing routines. Furthermore, this study investigated the role of parenting stress and ASD characteristics of the mother on parenting behavior. Parenting stress was associated with less self-reported positive parenting. Higher levels of ASD characteristics of the mother were related to more negativity and less sensitivity during the observation in both groups, and more self-reported harsh punishment and adapting the environment in the control group only. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1956 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1000-1010[article] Parenting adolescents with ASD: A multimethod study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. VAN ESCH, Auteur ; S. VANMARCKE, Auteur ; E. CEULEMANS, Auteur ; K. VAN LEEUWEN, Auteur ; I. NOENS, Auteur . - p.1000-1010.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1000-1010
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder adolescence observation parenting behavior parenting stress questionnaire Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : A number of studies have concluded that parents of children with ASD experience high levels of parenting stress. However, little is known about their parenting behaviors. Especially few studies investigated parenting in adolescence, although this period is associated with additional challenges for both adolescents and their parents. In the present study, a multi-method approach was used, combining data from a self-report questionnaire and observation of mother-child interactions during different semi-structured (e.g., inventing and building a vehicle of the future with construction toys) and structured tasks (e.g., solving marble maze). Linear mixed models (LMM) were used to compare the means of parenting behaviors among mothers of adolescents with (n = 44) and without ASD (n = 38), aged 12 to 16 years old. During the observations, mothers of adolescents with ASD showed more sensitivity and creativity, compared to the general population control group. In addition, mothers in the ASD group reported on the self-report questionnaire to adapt the environment more, for example, by establishing routines. Furthermore, this study investigated the role of maternal characteristics, that is, ASD characteristics and parenting stress. Parenting stress was associated with less self-reported positive parenting. Higher levels of ASD characteristics of the mother were related to more negativity and less sensitivity during the observation, and more self-reported harsh punishment and adapting the environment. This study additionally examined whether the impact of these maternal characteristics was the same across the two groups. Whereas group by parenting stress interaction effects were not significant for any of the observed and self-reported parenting behaviors, significant group by ASD characteristics interaction effects were noticed for self-reported harsh punishment and adapting the environment. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1000-1010. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: A number of studies have concluded that parents of children with ASD experience high levels of parenting stress. However, little is known about their parenting behaviors. Especially parenting in adolescence remains under investigated, although this period is associated with additional challenges for both adolescents and their parents. In this study, 44 adolescents with ASD and a control group of 38 adolescents without ASD, aged 12-16 years old, participated together with their mother. We compared parenting behaviors between the two groups, based on observations of mother-child interactions and a questionnaire that was filled out by the mother. During the observation, mothers of adolescents with ASD showed more sensitivity and creativity, compared to the control group. In addition, the questionnaire responses indicated that mothers in the ASD group adapted the environment more by for example, establishing routines. Furthermore, this study investigated the role of parenting stress and ASD characteristics of the mother on parenting behavior. Parenting stress was associated with less self-reported positive parenting. Higher levels of ASD characteristics of the mother were related to more negativity and less sensitivity during the observation in both groups, and more self-reported harsh punishment and adapting the environment in the control group only. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1956 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 Happiness, self-esteem, and prosociality in children with and without autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from a UK population cohort study / G. MCCHESNEY in Autism Research, 11-7 (July 2018)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Happiness, self-esteem, and prosociality in children with and without autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from a UK population cohort study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : G. MCCHESNEY, Auteur ; U. TOSEEB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1011-1023 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder happiness prosociality self-esteem Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : High levels of childhood happiness, self-esteem, and prosociality are associated with positive social and emotional outcomes. Little is known about whether these constructs co-occur and how levels of co-occurrence are different in children with or without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Data was obtained from 13,285 11-year olds (408 with ASD) from a UK based prospective cohort study. Latent class analysis revealed five distinct classes: The "very low prosociality class" (with ASD 32% vs. without ASD 7%) was characterized by children who were happy and had high self-esteem but they were not prosocial. The "low happiness class" (with ASD 3% vs. without ASD 3%), included those children who had moderate self-esteem and were prosocial but were the least happy. Children in the "low to moderate positive functioning class" (with ASD 16% vs. without ASD 6%) were moderately happy and had the lowest self-esteem but were prosocial. The "moderate to high positive functioning class" (with ASD 17% vs. without ASD 23%) was characterized by children who were happy, had moderate self-esteem, and were very prosocial. The majority of children were in the "optimum class" (with ASD 31% vs. without ASD 62%), and were very happy, very prosocial with high self-esteem. Our findings demonstrate that for the majority of children in our sample, happiness, self-esteem, and prosociality co-occur. Furthermore, although as a group children with ASD have lower levels of positive functioning, our multivariable latent class approach suggests that nearly half of children with ASD are happy, have good levels self-esteem, and are prosocial. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1011-1023. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: High levels of childhood happiness, self-esteem, and prosociality are associated with positive social and emotional outcomes. In this study, we investigated whether happiness, self-esteem and prosociality co-occur in children, and how possible co-occurrence differs between those with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder. We found that for the majority of children happiness, self-esteem, and prosociality co-occur. Furthermore, although as a group children with ASD have lower levels of positive functioning, our findings suggest that nearly half of children with ASD are happy, have good levels of self-esteem, and are prosocial. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1957 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1011-1023[article] Happiness, self-esteem, and prosociality in children with and without autism spectrum disorder: Evidence from a UK population cohort study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / G. MCCHESNEY, Auteur ; U. TOSEEB, Auteur . - p.1011-1023.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1011-1023
Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder happiness prosociality self-esteem Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : High levels of childhood happiness, self-esteem, and prosociality are associated with positive social and emotional outcomes. Little is known about whether these constructs co-occur and how levels of co-occurrence are different in children with or without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Data was obtained from 13,285 11-year olds (408 with ASD) from a UK based prospective cohort study. Latent class analysis revealed five distinct classes: The "very low prosociality class" (with ASD 32% vs. without ASD 7%) was characterized by children who were happy and had high self-esteem but they were not prosocial. The "low happiness class" (with ASD 3% vs. without ASD 3%), included those children who had moderate self-esteem and were prosocial but were the least happy. Children in the "low to moderate positive functioning class" (with ASD 16% vs. without ASD 6%) were moderately happy and had the lowest self-esteem but were prosocial. The "moderate to high positive functioning class" (with ASD 17% vs. without ASD 23%) was characterized by children who were happy, had moderate self-esteem, and were very prosocial. The majority of children were in the "optimum class" (with ASD 31% vs. without ASD 62%), and were very happy, very prosocial with high self-esteem. Our findings demonstrate that for the majority of children in our sample, happiness, self-esteem, and prosociality co-occur. Furthermore, although as a group children with ASD have lower levels of positive functioning, our multivariable latent class approach suggests that nearly half of children with ASD are happy, have good levels self-esteem, and are prosocial. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1011-1023. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: High levels of childhood happiness, self-esteem, and prosociality are associated with positive social and emotional outcomes. In this study, we investigated whether happiness, self-esteem and prosociality co-occur in children, and how possible co-occurrence differs between those with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder. We found that for the majority of children happiness, self-esteem, and prosociality co-occur. Furthermore, although as a group children with ASD have lower levels of positive functioning, our findings suggest that nearly half of children with ASD are happy, have good levels of self-esteem, and are prosocial. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1957 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 Gender differences in mental rotation strategy depend on degree of autistic traits / J. L. STEVENSON in Autism Research, 11-7 (July 2018)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Gender differences in mental rotation strategy depend on degree of autistic traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. L. STEVENSON, Auteur ; M. B. NONACK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1024-1037 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic traits eye movements gender differences mental rotation visual spatial skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Participants with low, medium, and high autistic traits completed a mental rotation task while their eye movements were recorded. Men were more accurate than women (F(1, 102) = 4.36, P = 0.04, eta(2)p = 0.04), but there were no group differences in reaction time. In terms of eye movements, all participants tended to rely on top corners of cube figures for most angles of rotation, and bottom corners of cube figures for 0 and 90 degree rotations (duration: F(8, 816) = 21.70, P < 0.001, eta(2)p = 0.18; count: F(8, 816) = 24.42, P < 0.001, eta(2)p = 0.19) suggesting a shift in strategy with rotation angle. Eye movements to corners of cube figures also varied by autistic traits group and gender (duration: F(4, 204) = 2.44, P = 0.05, eta(2)p = 0.05; count: F(4, 204) = 2.47, P = 0.05, eta(2)p = 0.05). Participants with low and medium autistic traits tended to rely more often on the top corners, whereas women with high autistic traits relied on both the top and bottom corners and men with high autistic traits relied on all corners equally. These results suggest mental rotation strategies may vary by both gender and autistic traits. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1024-1037. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The current study looked at eye movements to assess adults' strategies when mentally rotating three-dimensional cube figures. Adults with varying levels of autistic traits differ in their mental rotation strategies. In addition, gender differences in strategies are observed in adults with the highest level of autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1958 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1024-1037[article] Gender differences in mental rotation strategy depend on degree of autistic traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. L. STEVENSON, Auteur ; M. B. NONACK, Auteur . - p.1024-1037.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1024-1037
Mots-clés : Autistic traits eye movements gender differences mental rotation visual spatial skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Participants with low, medium, and high autistic traits completed a mental rotation task while their eye movements were recorded. Men were more accurate than women (F(1, 102) = 4.36, P = 0.04, eta(2)p = 0.04), but there were no group differences in reaction time. In terms of eye movements, all participants tended to rely on top corners of cube figures for most angles of rotation, and bottom corners of cube figures for 0 and 90 degree rotations (duration: F(8, 816) = 21.70, P < 0.001, eta(2)p = 0.18; count: F(8, 816) = 24.42, P < 0.001, eta(2)p = 0.19) suggesting a shift in strategy with rotation angle. Eye movements to corners of cube figures also varied by autistic traits group and gender (duration: F(4, 204) = 2.44, P = 0.05, eta(2)p = 0.05; count: F(4, 204) = 2.47, P = 0.05, eta(2)p = 0.05). Participants with low and medium autistic traits tended to rely more often on the top corners, whereas women with high autistic traits relied on both the top and bottom corners and men with high autistic traits relied on all corners equally. These results suggest mental rotation strategies may vary by both gender and autistic traits. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1024-1037. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The current study looked at eye movements to assess adults' strategies when mentally rotating three-dimensional cube figures. Adults with varying levels of autistic traits differ in their mental rotation strategies. In addition, gender differences in strategies are observed in adults with the highest level of autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1958 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 Screening in toddlers and preschoolers at risk for autism spectrum disorder: Evaluating a novel mobile-health screening tool / Stephen M. KANNE in Autism Research, 11-7 (July 2018)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Screening in toddlers and preschoolers at risk for autism spectrum disorder: Evaluating a novel mobile-health screening tool Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Stephen M. KANNE, Auteur ; Laura A. CARPENTER, Auteur ; Zachary WARREN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1038-1049 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism screening measure sensitivity and specificity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There are many available tools with varying levels of accuracy designed to screen for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in young children, both in the general population and specifically among those referred for developmental concerns. With burgeoning waitlists for comprehensive diagnostic ASD assessments, finding accurate methods and tools for advancing diagnostic triage becomes increasingly important. The current study compares the efficacy of four oft used paper and pencil measures, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers Revised with Follow-up, the Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition, and the Social Communication Questionnaire, and the Child Behavior Checklist to a novel mobile-health screening tool developed by Cognoa, Inc. (Cognoa) in a group of children 18-72 months of age. The Cognoa tool may have potential benefits as it integrates a series of parent-report questions with remote clinical ratings of brief video segments uploaded via parent's smartphones to calculate level of ASD risk. Participants were referred to one of three tertiary care diagnostic centers for ASD-related concerns (n = 230) and received a best estimate ASD diagnosis. Analysis and comparison of psychometric properties indicated potential advantages for Cognoa within this clinical sample across age ranges not often covered by another single measure/tool. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1038-1049. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: With the wait times getting longer for comprehensive Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnostic assessments, it is becoming increasingly important to find accurate tools to screen for ASD. The current study compares four screening measures that have been in use for some time to a novel mobile-health screening tool, called Cognoa. The Cognoa tool is novel because it integrates parent-report questions with clinical ratings of brief video segments uploaded via parent's smartphones to calculate ASD risk. Two hundred thirty children who were referred to one of three ASD specialty diagnostic centers to see if they had ASD participated in the study. A direct comparison indicated potential advantages for Cognoa not often covered by another single measure/tool. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1959 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1038-1049[article] Screening in toddlers and preschoolers at risk for autism spectrum disorder: Evaluating a novel mobile-health screening tool [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Stephen M. KANNE, Auteur ; Laura A. CARPENTER, Auteur ; Zachary WARREN, Auteur . - p.1038-1049.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1038-1049
Mots-clés : Autism screening measure sensitivity and specificity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There are many available tools with varying levels of accuracy designed to screen for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in young children, both in the general population and specifically among those referred for developmental concerns. With burgeoning waitlists for comprehensive diagnostic ASD assessments, finding accurate methods and tools for advancing diagnostic triage becomes increasingly important. The current study compares the efficacy of four oft used paper and pencil measures, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers Revised with Follow-up, the Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition, and the Social Communication Questionnaire, and the Child Behavior Checklist to a novel mobile-health screening tool developed by Cognoa, Inc. (Cognoa) in a group of children 18-72 months of age. The Cognoa tool may have potential benefits as it integrates a series of parent-report questions with remote clinical ratings of brief video segments uploaded via parent's smartphones to calculate level of ASD risk. Participants were referred to one of three tertiary care diagnostic centers for ASD-related concerns (n = 230) and received a best estimate ASD diagnosis. Analysis and comparison of psychometric properties indicated potential advantages for Cognoa within this clinical sample across age ranges not often covered by another single measure/tool. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1038-1049. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: With the wait times getting longer for comprehensive Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnostic assessments, it is becoming increasingly important to find accurate tools to screen for ASD. The current study compares four screening measures that have been in use for some time to a novel mobile-health screening tool, called Cognoa. The Cognoa tool is novel because it integrates parent-report questions with clinical ratings of brief video segments uploaded via parent's smartphones to calculate ASD risk. Two hundred thirty children who were referred to one of three ASD specialty diagnostic centers to see if they had ASD participated in the study. A direct comparison indicated potential advantages for Cognoa not often covered by another single measure/tool. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1959 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 Implicit learning seems to come naturally for children with autism, but not for children with specific language impairment: Evidence from behavioral and ERP data / F. S. ZWART in Autism Research, 11-7 (July 2018)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Implicit learning seems to come naturally for children with autism, but not for children with specific language impairment: Evidence from behavioral and ERP data Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : F. S. ZWART, Auteur ; Constance T. W. M. VISSERS, Auteur ; R. P. C. KESSELS, Auteur ; J. H. R. MAES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1050-1061 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asd ERPs N2b P3 Sli SRT task implicit learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and specific language impairment (SLI) are two neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in verbal and nonverbal communication skills. These skills are thought to develop largely through implicit-or automatic-learning mechanisms. The aim of the current paper was to investigate the role of implicit learning abilities in the atypical development of communication skills in ASD and SLI. In the current study, we investigated Response Times (RTs) and Event Related Potentials (ERPs) during implicit learning on a Serial Reaction Time (SRT) task in a group of typically developing (TD) children (n = 17), a group of autistic children (n = 16), and a group of children with SLI (n = 13). Findings suggest that learning in both ASD and SLI are similar to that in TD. However, electrophysiological findings suggest that autistic children seem to rely mainly on more automatic processes (as reflected by an N2b component), whereas the children with SLI seem to rely on more controlled processes (as reflected by a P3 component). The TD children appear to use a combination of both learning mechanisms. These findings suggest that clinical interventions should aim at compensating for an implicit learning deficit in children with SLI, but not in children with ASD. Future research should focus on developmental differences in implicit learning and related neural correlates in TD, ASD, and SLI. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1050-1061. (c) 2018 The Authors Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Autism and Specific Language Impairment (SLI) are two disorders characterized by problems in social communication and language. Social communication and language are believed to be learned in an automatic way. This is called "implicit learning." We have found that implicit learning is intact in autism. However, in SLI there seems different brain activity during implicit learning. Maybe children with SLI learn differently, and maybe this different learning makes it more difficult for them to learn language. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1954 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1050-1061[article] Implicit learning seems to come naturally for children with autism, but not for children with specific language impairment: Evidence from behavioral and ERP data [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / F. S. ZWART, Auteur ; Constance T. W. M. VISSERS, Auteur ; R. P. C. KESSELS, Auteur ; J. H. R. MAES, Auteur . - p.1050-1061.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1050-1061
Mots-clés : Asd ERPs N2b P3 Sli SRT task implicit learning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and specific language impairment (SLI) are two neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by deficits in verbal and nonverbal communication skills. These skills are thought to develop largely through implicit-or automatic-learning mechanisms. The aim of the current paper was to investigate the role of implicit learning abilities in the atypical development of communication skills in ASD and SLI. In the current study, we investigated Response Times (RTs) and Event Related Potentials (ERPs) during implicit learning on a Serial Reaction Time (SRT) task in a group of typically developing (TD) children (n = 17), a group of autistic children (n = 16), and a group of children with SLI (n = 13). Findings suggest that learning in both ASD and SLI are similar to that in TD. However, electrophysiological findings suggest that autistic children seem to rely mainly on more automatic processes (as reflected by an N2b component), whereas the children with SLI seem to rely on more controlled processes (as reflected by a P3 component). The TD children appear to use a combination of both learning mechanisms. These findings suggest that clinical interventions should aim at compensating for an implicit learning deficit in children with SLI, but not in children with ASD. Future research should focus on developmental differences in implicit learning and related neural correlates in TD, ASD, and SLI. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1050-1061. (c) 2018 The Authors Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Autism and Specific Language Impairment (SLI) are two disorders characterized by problems in social communication and language. Social communication and language are believed to be learned in an automatic way. This is called "implicit learning." We have found that implicit learning is intact in autism. However, in SLI there seems different brain activity during implicit learning. Maybe children with SLI learn differently, and maybe this different learning makes it more difficult for them to learn language. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1954 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 Typical use of inverse dynamics in perceiving motion in autistic adults: Exploring computational principles of perception and action / S. TAKAMUKU in Autism Research, 11-7 (July 2018)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Typical use of inverse dynamics in perceiving motion in autistic adults: Exploring computational principles of perception and action Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. TAKAMUKU, Auteur ; P. A. G. FORBES, Auteur ; Antonia HAMILTON, Auteur ; H. GOMI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1062-1075 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism delayed visual feedback internal models inverse dynamics velocity perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is increasing evidence for motor difficulties in many people with autism spectrum condition (ASC). These difficulties could be linked to differences in the use of internal models which represent relations between motions and forces/efforts. The use of these internal models may be dependent on the cerebellum which has been shown to be abnormal in autism. Several studies have examined internal computations of forward dynamics (motion from force information) in autism, but few have tested the inverse dynamics computation, that is, the determination of force-related information from motion information. Here, we examined this ability in autistic adults by measuring two perceptual biases which depend on the inverse computation. First, we asked participants whether they experienced a feeling of resistance when moving a delayed cursor, which corresponds to the inertial force of the cursor implied by its motion-both typical and ASC participants reported similar feelings of resistance. Second, participants completed a psychophysical task in which they judged the velocity of a moving hand with or without a visual cue implying inertial force. Both typical and ASC participants perceived the hand moving with the inertial cue to be slower than the hand without it. In both cases, the magnitude of the effects did not differ between the two groups. Our results suggest that the neural systems engaged in the inverse dynamics computation are preserved in ASC, at least in the observed conditions. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1062-1075. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We tested the ability to estimate force information from motion information, which arises from a specific "inverse dynamics" computation. Autistic adults and a matched control group reported feeling a resistive sensation when moving a delayed cursor and also judged a moving hand to be slower when it was pulling a load. These findings both suggest that the ability to estimate force information from motion information is intact in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1961 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1062-1075[article] Typical use of inverse dynamics in perceiving motion in autistic adults: Exploring computational principles of perception and action [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. TAKAMUKU, Auteur ; P. A. G. FORBES, Auteur ; Antonia HAMILTON, Auteur ; H. GOMI, Auteur . - p.1062-1075.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1062-1075
Mots-clés : autism delayed visual feedback internal models inverse dynamics velocity perception Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There is increasing evidence for motor difficulties in many people with autism spectrum condition (ASC). These difficulties could be linked to differences in the use of internal models which represent relations between motions and forces/efforts. The use of these internal models may be dependent on the cerebellum which has been shown to be abnormal in autism. Several studies have examined internal computations of forward dynamics (motion from force information) in autism, but few have tested the inverse dynamics computation, that is, the determination of force-related information from motion information. Here, we examined this ability in autistic adults by measuring two perceptual biases which depend on the inverse computation. First, we asked participants whether they experienced a feeling of resistance when moving a delayed cursor, which corresponds to the inertial force of the cursor implied by its motion-both typical and ASC participants reported similar feelings of resistance. Second, participants completed a psychophysical task in which they judged the velocity of a moving hand with or without a visual cue implying inertial force. Both typical and ASC participants perceived the hand moving with the inertial cue to be slower than the hand without it. In both cases, the magnitude of the effects did not differ between the two groups. Our results suggest that the neural systems engaged in the inverse dynamics computation are preserved in ASC, at least in the observed conditions. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1062-1075. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: We tested the ability to estimate force information from motion information, which arises from a specific "inverse dynamics" computation. Autistic adults and a matched control group reported feeling a resistive sensation when moving a delayed cursor and also judged a moving hand to be slower when it was pulling a load. These findings both suggest that the ability to estimate force information from motion information is intact in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1961 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 Cellular stress and apoptosis contribute to the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder / D. DONG in Autism Research, 11-7 (July 2018)
![]()
[article]
Titre : Cellular stress and apoptosis contribute to the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. DONG, Auteur ; H. R. ZIELKE, Auteur ; D. YEH, Auteur ; P. YANG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1076-1090 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : apoptosis cerebellum endoplasmic reticulum stress hippocampus human autism oxidative stress prefrontal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The molecular pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder, a neurodevelopmental disorder, is still elusive. In this study, we investigated the possible roles of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, and apoptosis as molecular mechanisms underlying autism. This study compared the activation of ER stress signals (protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase [PERK], activating transcription factor 6 [ATF6], inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha [IRE1alpha]) in different brain regions (prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum) in subjects with autism and in age-matched controls. Our data showed that the activation of three signals of ER stress varies in different regions of the autistic brain. IRE1alpha was activated in cerebellum and prefrontal cortex but ATF6 was activated in hippocampus. PERK was not activated in the three regions. Furthermore, the activation of ER stress was confirmed because the expression of C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), which is the common downstream indicators of ER stress signals, and most of ER chaperones were upregulated in the three regions. Consistent with the induction of ER stress, apoptosis was found in the three regions by detecting the cleavage of caspase 8 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase as well as using the transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. Moreover, our data showed that oxidative stress was responsible for ER stress and apoptosis because the levels of 4-Hydroxynonenal and nitrotyrosine-modified proteins were significantly increased in the three regions. In conclusion, these data indicate that cellular stress and apoptosis may play important roles in the pathogenesis of autism. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1076-1090. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Autism results in significant morbidity and mortality in children. The functional and molecular changes in the autistic brains are unclear. The present study utilized autistic brain tissues from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development's Brain Tissue Bank for the analysis of cellular and molecular changes in autistic brains. Three key brain regions, the hippocampus, the cerebellum, and the frontal cortex, in six cases of autistic brains and six cases of non-autistic brains from 6 to 16 years old deceased children, were analyzed. The current study investigated the possible roles of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, and apoptosis as molecular mechanisms underlying autism. The activation of three signals of ER stress (protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase, activating transcription factor 6, inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha) varies in different regions. The occurrence of ER stress leads to apoptosis in autistic brains. ER stress may result from oxidative stress because of elevated levels of the oxidative stress markers: 4-Hydroxynonenal and nitrotyrosine-modified proteins in autistic brains. These findings suggest that cellular stress and apoptosis may contribute to the autistic phenotype. Pharmaceuticals and/or dietary supplements, which can alleviate ER stress, oxidative stress and apoptosis, may be effective in ameliorating adverse phenotypes associated with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1966 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1076-1090[article] Cellular stress and apoptosis contribute to the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. DONG, Auteur ; H. R. ZIELKE, Auteur ; D. YEH, Auteur ; P. YANG, Auteur . - p.1076-1090.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 11-7 (July 2018) . - p.1076-1090
Mots-clés : apoptosis cerebellum endoplasmic reticulum stress hippocampus human autism oxidative stress prefrontal cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The molecular pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder, a neurodevelopmental disorder, is still elusive. In this study, we investigated the possible roles of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, and apoptosis as molecular mechanisms underlying autism. This study compared the activation of ER stress signals (protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase [PERK], activating transcription factor 6 [ATF6], inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha [IRE1alpha]) in different brain regions (prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum) in subjects with autism and in age-matched controls. Our data showed that the activation of three signals of ER stress varies in different regions of the autistic brain. IRE1alpha was activated in cerebellum and prefrontal cortex but ATF6 was activated in hippocampus. PERK was not activated in the three regions. Furthermore, the activation of ER stress was confirmed because the expression of C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP), which is the common downstream indicators of ER stress signals, and most of ER chaperones were upregulated in the three regions. Consistent with the induction of ER stress, apoptosis was found in the three regions by detecting the cleavage of caspase 8 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase as well as using the transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. Moreover, our data showed that oxidative stress was responsible for ER stress and apoptosis because the levels of 4-Hydroxynonenal and nitrotyrosine-modified proteins were significantly increased in the three regions. In conclusion, these data indicate that cellular stress and apoptosis may play important roles in the pathogenesis of autism. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1076-1090. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Autism results in significant morbidity and mortality in children. The functional and molecular changes in the autistic brains are unclear. The present study utilized autistic brain tissues from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development's Brain Tissue Bank for the analysis of cellular and molecular changes in autistic brains. Three key brain regions, the hippocampus, the cerebellum, and the frontal cortex, in six cases of autistic brains and six cases of non-autistic brains from 6 to 16 years old deceased children, were analyzed. The current study investigated the possible roles of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, oxidative stress, and apoptosis as molecular mechanisms underlying autism. The activation of three signals of ER stress (protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase, activating transcription factor 6, inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha) varies in different regions. The occurrence of ER stress leads to apoptosis in autistic brains. ER stress may result from oxidative stress because of elevated levels of the oxidative stress markers: 4-Hydroxynonenal and nitrotyrosine-modified proteins in autistic brains. These findings suggest that cellular stress and apoptosis may contribute to the autistic phenotype. Pharmaceuticals and/or dietary supplements, which can alleviate ER stress, oxidative stress and apoptosis, may be effective in ameliorating adverse phenotypes associated with autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1966 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366