3 recherche sur le mot-clé '*adversity'

Characterizing competence among a high-risk sample of emerging adults: Prospective predictions and biological considerations / Justin RUSSOTTI in Development and Psychopathology, 32-5 (December 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 32-5 (December 2020) . - p.1937-1953 Titre : Characterizing competence among a high-risk sample of emerging adults: Prospective predictions and biological considerations Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Justin RUSSOTTI, Auteur ; Jennifer M. WARMINGHAM, Auteur ; Elizabeth D. HANDLEY, Auteur ; Fred A. ROGOSCH, Auteur ; Dante CICCHETTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1937-1953 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  African Americans  C-Reactive Protein  Child  *Child Abuse  Humans  Male  Poverty  Prospective Studies  *crp  *adversity  *child maltreatment  *developmental competence  *stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Few conditions epitomize severe and chronic stress to a greater extent than child maltreatment, which can derail development across multiple domains of functioning and throughout the life course. Furthermore, child maltreatment tends to co-occur with other adversities, such as poverty. Many individuals grow up under the stressful conditions of these adversities and exhibit developmental competence. The current study prospectively charted the developmental progression of economically disadvantaged maltreated and nonmaltreated children from childhood to emerging adulthood, and examined patterns of competence across multiple developmental domains of functioning central to the period of emerging adulthood. The study investigated childhood precursors to these patterns of adaptation and maladaptation, as well as the physiological cost of these patterns of adaptation (i.e., C-reactive protein; CRP). Latent class analysis revealed four distinct classes of functioning: multifaceted competence across domains (Multifaceted Competence); (multifaceted maladaptation across domains (Multi-Problem); (c) and two classes with mixed patterns of competence and maladaptation (Externalizing Problems and Work/School Impairment). Maltreated individuals were less likely than nonmaltreated individuals to demonstrate patterns of multifaceted competence and more likely to demonstrate aggregate maladaptation across domains. Additionally, Black men who demonstrated a pattern of multifaceted psychosocial competence also evidenced higher levels of low-grade inflammation (indexed by CRP), suggesting physiological distress was associated with adaptation in the context of stress among these individuals. Findings demonstrate the heterogenous patterns of functioning and diverse developmental outcomes that follow early adversity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420001467 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437 [article] Characterizing competence among a high-risk sample of emerging adults: Prospective predictions and biological considerations [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Justin RUSSOTTI, Auteur ; Jennifer M. WARMINGHAM, Auteur ; Elizabeth D. HANDLEY, Auteur ; Fred A. ROGOSCH, Auteur ; Dante CICCHETTI, Auteur . - p.1937-1953. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 32-5 (December 2020) . - p.1937-1953 Mots-clés : Adult  African Americans  C-Reactive Protein  Child  *Child Abuse  Humans  Male  Poverty  Prospective Studies  *crp  *adversity  *child maltreatment  *developmental competence  *stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Few conditions epitomize severe and chronic stress to a greater extent than child maltreatment, which can derail development across multiple domains of functioning and throughout the life course. Furthermore, child maltreatment tends to co-occur with other adversities, such as poverty. Many individuals grow up under the stressful conditions of these adversities and exhibit developmental competence. The current study prospectively charted the developmental progression of economically disadvantaged maltreated and nonmaltreated children from childhood to emerging adulthood, and examined patterns of competence across multiple developmental domains of functioning central to the period of emerging adulthood. The study investigated childhood precursors to these patterns of adaptation and maladaptation, as well as the physiological cost of these patterns of adaptation (i.e., C-reactive protein; CRP). Latent class analysis revealed four distinct classes of functioning: multifaceted competence across domains (Multifaceted Competence); (multifaceted maladaptation across domains (Multi-Problem); (c) and two classes with mixed patterns of competence and maladaptation (Externalizing Problems and Work/School Impairment). Maltreated individuals were less likely than nonmaltreated individuals to demonstrate patterns of multifaceted competence and more likely to demonstrate aggregate maladaptation across domains. Additionally, Black men who demonstrated a pattern of multifaceted psychosocial competence also evidenced higher levels of low-grade inflammation (indexed by CRP), suggesting physiological distress was associated with adaptation in the context of stress among these individuals. Findings demonstrate the heterogenous patterns of functioning and diverse developmental outcomes that follow early adversity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420001467 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437

Pregnancy as a period of risk, adaptation, and resilience for mothers and infants / Elysia Poggi DAVIS in Development and Psychopathology, 32-5 (December 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 32-5 (December 2020) . - p.1625-1639 Titre : Pregnancy as a period of risk, adaptation, and resilience for mothers and infants Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elysia Poggi DAVIS, Auteur ; Angela J. NARAYAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1625-1639 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child  Female  Humans  Infant  *Mothers  Pregnancy  Protective Factors  *adaptation  *adversity  *intergenerational transmission  *pregnancy  *prenatal programming  *resilience  *stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The pregnancy period represents a unique window of opportunity to identify risks to both the fetus and mother and to deter the intergenerational transmission of adversity and mental health problems. Although the maternal-fetal dyad is especially vulnerable to the effects of stress during pregnancy, less is known about how the dyad is also receptive to salutary, resilience-promoting influences. The present review adopts life span and intergenerational perspectives to review four key areas of research. The first part describes how pregnancy is a sensitive period for both the mother and fetus. In the second part, the focus is on antecedents of maternal prenatal risks pertaining to prenatal stress response systems and mental health. The third part then turns to elucidating how these alterations in prenatal stress physiology and mental health problems may affect infant and child outcomes. The fourth part underscores how pregnancy is also a time of heightened fetal receptivity to maternal and environmental signals, with profound implications for adaptation. This section also reviews empirical evidence of promotive and protective factors that buffer the mother and fetus from developmental and adaptational problems and covers a sample of rigorous evidence-based prenatal interventions that prevent maladaptation in the maternal-fetal dyad before babies are born. Finally, recommendations elaborate on how to further strengthen understanding of pregnancy as a period of multilevel risk and resilience, enhance comprehensive prenatal screening, and expand on prenatal interventions to promote maternal-fetal adaptation before birth. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420001121 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437 [article] Pregnancy as a period of risk, adaptation, and resilience for mothers and infants [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elysia Poggi DAVIS, Auteur ; Angela J. NARAYAN, Auteur . - p.1625-1639. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 32-5 (December 2020) . - p.1625-1639 Mots-clés : Child  Female  Humans  Infant  *Mothers  Pregnancy  Protective Factors  *adaptation  *adversity  *intergenerational transmission  *pregnancy  *prenatal programming  *resilience  *stress Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The pregnancy period represents a unique window of opportunity to identify risks to both the fetus and mother and to deter the intergenerational transmission of adversity and mental health problems. Although the maternal-fetal dyad is especially vulnerable to the effects of stress during pregnancy, less is known about how the dyad is also receptive to salutary, resilience-promoting influences. The present review adopts life span and intergenerational perspectives to review four key areas of research. The first part describes how pregnancy is a sensitive period for both the mother and fetus. In the second part, the focus is on antecedents of maternal prenatal risks pertaining to prenatal stress response systems and mental health. The third part then turns to elucidating how these alterations in prenatal stress physiology and mental health problems may affect infant and child outcomes. The fourth part underscores how pregnancy is also a time of heightened fetal receptivity to maternal and environmental signals, with profound implications for adaptation. This section also reviews empirical evidence of promotive and protective factors that buffer the mother and fetus from developmental and adaptational problems and covers a sample of rigorous evidence-based prenatal interventions that prevent maladaptation in the maternal-fetal dyad before babies are born. Finally, recommendations elaborate on how to further strengthen understanding of pregnancy as a period of multilevel risk and resilience, enhance comprehensive prenatal screening, and expand on prenatal interventions to promote maternal-fetal adaptation before birth. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579420001121 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437

Racial discrimination and ethnic racial identity in adolescence as modulators of HPA axis activity / Emma K. ADAM in Development and Psychopathology, 32-5 (December 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 32-5 (December 2020) . - p.1669-1684 Titre : Racial discrimination and ethnic racial identity in adolescence as modulators of HPA axis activity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Emma K. ADAM, Auteur ; Emily F. HITTNER, Auteur ; Sara E. THOMAS, Auteur ; Sarah Collier VILLAUME, Auteur ; Ednah E. NWAFOR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1669-1684 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Child  Ethnic Groups  Humans  Hydrocortisone  *Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System  Pituitary-Adrenal System  *Racism  Stress, Psychological  *HPA axis  *adolescence  *adversity  *cortisol  *early adulthood  *ethnic racial identity  *racial discrimination Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We review evidence of racial discrimination as a critical and understudied form of adversity that has the potential to impact stress biology, particularly hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. We highlight ethnic racial identity (ERI) as a positive regulatory influence on HPA axis activity, as indexed by levels of salivary cortisol. In past research by our group, Black individuals with high adolescent discrimination had low adult cortisol levels (hypocortisolism). Here, we present new analyses showing that ERI, measured prospectively from ages 12 through 32 in 112 Black and white individuals, is related to better-regulated cortisol levels in adulthood, particularly for Black participants. We also describe ongoing research that explores whether the promotion of ERI during adolescence can reduce ethnic-racial disparities in stress biology and in emotional health and academic outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457942000111x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437 [article] Racial discrimination and ethnic racial identity in adolescence as modulators of HPA axis activity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Emma K. ADAM, Auteur ; Emily F. HITTNER, Auteur ; Sara E. THOMAS, Auteur ; Sarah Collier VILLAUME, Auteur ; Ednah E. NWAFOR, Auteur . - p.1669-1684. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 32-5 (December 2020) . - p.1669-1684 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Child  Ethnic Groups  Humans  Hydrocortisone  *Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System  Pituitary-Adrenal System  *Racism  Stress, Psychological  *HPA axis  *adolescence  *adversity  *cortisol  *early adulthood  *ethnic racial identity  *racial discrimination Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We review evidence of racial discrimination as a critical and understudied form of adversity that has the potential to impact stress biology, particularly hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. We highlight ethnic racial identity (ERI) as a positive regulatory influence on HPA axis activity, as indexed by levels of salivary cortisol. In past research by our group, Black individuals with high adolescent discrimination had low adult cortisol levels (hypocortisolism). Here, we present new analyses showing that ERI, measured prospectively from ages 12 through 32 in 112 Black and white individuals, is related to better-regulated cortisol levels in adulthood, particularly for Black participants. We also describe ongoing research that explores whether the promotion of ERI during adolescence can reduce ethnic-racial disparities in stress biology and in emotional health and academic outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457942000111x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=437