4 recherche sur le mot-clé 'Autistic symptomatology'

Autistic Symptomatology, Face Processing Abilities, and Eye Fixation Patterns / Jennifer C. KIRCHNER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41-2 (February 2011)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-2 (February 2011) . - p.158-167 Titre : Autistic Symptomatology, Face Processing Abilities, and Eye Fixation Patterns Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jennifer C. KIRCHNER, Auteur ; Alexander HATRI, Auteur ; Hauke R. HEEKEREN, Auteur ; Isabel DZIOBEK, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : p.158-167 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Eye tracking  Autism  Face processing  Autistic symptomatology  Instruction  Emotion recognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Deviant gaze behavior is a defining characteristic of autism. Its relevance as a pathophysiological mechanism, however, remains unknown. In the present study, we compared eye fixations of 20 adults with autism and 21 controls while they were engaged in taking the Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET). Additional measures of face emotion and identity recognition were also obtained. While both groups fixated more on the face and mouth in the emotion recognition than in the face identity condition of the MET, individuals with autism fixated less on the face across MET conditions. Correlation analysis revealed associations between fixation time on the eyes and face processing abilities. Our results suggest that eye fixation patterns are an important characteristic of the social phenotype of autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1032-9 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1172 [article] Autistic Symptomatology, Face Processing Abilities, and Eye Fixation Patterns [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jennifer C. KIRCHNER, Auteur ; Alexander HATRI, Auteur ; Hauke R. HEEKEREN, Auteur ; Isabel DZIOBEK, Auteur . - 2011 . - p.158-167. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 41-2 (February 2011) . - p.158-167 Mots-clés : Eye tracking  Autism  Face processing  Autistic symptomatology  Instruction  Emotion recognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Deviant gaze behavior is a defining characteristic of autism. Its relevance as a pathophysiological mechanism, however, remains unknown. In the present study, we compared eye fixations of 20 adults with autism and 21 controls while they were engaged in taking the Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET). Additional measures of face emotion and identity recognition were also obtained. While both groups fixated more on the face and mouth in the emotion recognition than in the face identity condition of the MET, individuals with autism fixated less on the face across MET conditions. Correlation analysis revealed associations between fixation time on the eyes and face processing abilities. Our results suggest that eye fixation patterns are an important characteristic of the social phenotype of autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1032-9 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=1172

The Relationship Between Autistic Symptomatology and Independent Living Skills in Adolescents and Young Adults with Fragile X Syndrome / Kristin M. HUSTYI in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-6 (June 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-6 (June 2015) . - p.1836-1844 Titre : The Relationship Between Autistic Symptomatology and Independent Living Skills in Adolescents and Young Adults with Fragile X Syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kristin M. HUSTYI, Auteur ; Scott S. HALL, Auteur ; Eve-Marie QUINTIN, Auteur ; Lindsay C. CHROMIK, Auteur ; Amy A. LIGHTBODY, Auteur ; Allan L. REISS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1836-1844 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Fragile X syndrome  Functional skills  Independent living skills  Autistic symptomatology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Few studies have examined the relationship between autistic symptomatology and competence in independent living skills in adolescents and young adults with fragile X syndrome (FXS). In this study, 70 individuals with FXS, aged 15–25 years, and 35 matched controls were administered direct measures of independent living skills and autistic symptomatology. Results showed that higher levels of autistic symptomatology were associated with lower levels of competence in independent living skills in individuals with FXS, but not in controls. These data indicated that the relationship between autistic symptomatology and independent living skills was syndrome-specific. Early intervention strategies that address autistic symptomatology are sorely needed to improve functional outcomes in this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2342-0 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2596 [article] The Relationship Between Autistic Symptomatology and Independent Living Skills in Adolescents and Young Adults with Fragile X Syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kristin M. HUSTYI, Auteur ; Scott S. HALL, Auteur ; Eve-Marie QUINTIN, Auteur ; Lindsay C. CHROMIK, Auteur ; Amy A. LIGHTBODY, Auteur ; Allan L. REISS, Auteur . - p.1836-1844. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-6 (June 2015) . - p.1836-1844 Mots-clés : Fragile X syndrome  Functional skills  Independent living skills  Autistic symptomatology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Few studies have examined the relationship between autistic symptomatology and competence in independent living skills in adolescents and young adults with fragile X syndrome (FXS). In this study, 70 individuals with FXS, aged 15–25 years, and 35 matched controls were administered direct measures of independent living skills and autistic symptomatology. Results showed that higher levels of autistic symptomatology were associated with lower levels of competence in independent living skills in individuals with FXS, but not in controls. These data indicated that the relationship between autistic symptomatology and independent living skills was syndrome-specific. Early intervention strategies that address autistic symptomatology are sorely needed to improve functional outcomes in this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2342-0 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2596

The Neuropsychology of Male Adults With High-Functioning Autism or Asperger Syndrome / C. Ellie WILSON in Autism Research, 7-5 (October 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 7-5 (October 2014) . - p.568-581 Titre : The Neuropsychology of Male Adults With High-Functioning Autism or Asperger Syndrome Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. Ellie WILSON, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Sally J. WHEELWRIGHT, Auteur ; Christine ECKER, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Patrick JOHNSTON, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; Disa A. SAUTER, Auteur ; CONSORTIUM MRC AIMS,, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Declan G. M. MURPHY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.568-581 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  cognitive profiles  autistic symptomatology  comorbid psychopathology  support vector machine classification  autistic subtypes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is diagnosed on the basis of behavioral symptoms, but cognitive abilities may also be useful in characterizing individuals with ASD. One hundred seventy-eight high-functioning male adults, half with ASD and half without, completed tasks assessing IQ, a broad range of cognitive skills, and autistic and comorbid symptomatology. The aims of the study were, first, to determine whether significant differences existed between cases and controls on cognitive tasks, and whether cognitive profiles, derived using a multivariate classification method with data from multiple cognitive tasks, could distinguish between the two groups. Second, to establish whether cognitive skill level was correlated with degree of autistic symptom severity, and third, whether cognitive skill level was correlated with degree of comorbid psychopathology. Fourth, cognitive characteristics of individuals with Asperger Syndrome (AS) and high-functioning autism (HFA) were compared. After controlling for IQ, ASD and control groups scored significantly differently on tasks of social cognition, motor performance, and executive function (P's??0.05). To investigate cognitive profiles, 12 variables were entered into a support vector machine (SVM), which achieved good classification accuracy (81%) at a level significantly better than chance (P??0.0001). After correcting for multiple correlations, there were no significant associations between cognitive performance and severity of either autistic or comorbid symptomatology. There were no significant differences between AS and HFA groups on the cognitive tasks. Cognitive classification models could be a useful aid to the diagnostic process when used in conjunction with other data sources—including clinical history. Autism Res 2014, 7: 568–581. © 2014 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1394 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2414 [article] The Neuropsychology of Male Adults With High-Functioning Autism or Asperger Syndrome [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. Ellie WILSON, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; Sally J. WHEELWRIGHT, Auteur ; Christine ECKER, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Patrick JOHNSTON, Auteur ; Eileen DALY, Auteur ; Clodagh M. MURPHY, Auteur ; Debbie SPAIN, Auteur ; Meng-Chuan LAI, Auteur ; Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur ; Disa A. SAUTER, Auteur ; CONSORTIUM MRC AIMS,, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Declan G. M. MURPHY, Auteur . - p.568-581. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 7-5 (October 2014) . - p.568-581 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  cognitive profiles  autistic symptomatology  comorbid psychopathology  support vector machine classification  autistic subtypes Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is diagnosed on the basis of behavioral symptoms, but cognitive abilities may also be useful in characterizing individuals with ASD. One hundred seventy-eight high-functioning male adults, half with ASD and half without, completed tasks assessing IQ, a broad range of cognitive skills, and autistic and comorbid symptomatology. The aims of the study were, first, to determine whether significant differences existed between cases and controls on cognitive tasks, and whether cognitive profiles, derived using a multivariate classification method with data from multiple cognitive tasks, could distinguish between the two groups. Second, to establish whether cognitive skill level was correlated with degree of autistic symptom severity, and third, whether cognitive skill level was correlated with degree of comorbid psychopathology. Fourth, cognitive characteristics of individuals with Asperger Syndrome (AS) and high-functioning autism (HFA) were compared. After controlling for IQ, ASD and control groups scored significantly differently on tasks of social cognition, motor performance, and executive function (P's??0.05). To investigate cognitive profiles, 12 variables were entered into a support vector machine (SVM), which achieved good classification accuracy (81%) at a level significantly better than chance (P??0.0001). After correcting for multiple correlations, there were no significant associations between cognitive performance and severity of either autistic or comorbid symptomatology. There were no significant differences between AS and HFA groups on the cognitive tasks. Cognitive classification models could be a useful aid to the diagnostic process when used in conjunction with other data sources—including clinical history. Autism Res 2014, 7: 568–581. © 2014 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1394 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2414

Longitudinal trajectories of peer relations in children with specific language impairment / Pearl L. H. MOK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 55-5 (May 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-5 (May 2014) . - p.516-527 Titre : Longitudinal trajectories of peer relations in children with specific language impairment Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Pearl L. H. MOK, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Kevin DURKIN, Auteur ; Gina CONTI-RAMSDEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.516-527 Mots-clés : Specific language impairment  peer relations  developmental trajectories  prosocial behaviour  pragmatic language impairment  autistic symptomatology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Peer relations is a vulnerable area of functioning in children with specific language impairment (SLI), but little is known about the developmental trajectories of individuals. Methods Peer problems were investigated over a 9-year period (from 7 to 16 years of age) in 171 children with a history of SLI. Discrete factor growth modelling was used to chart developmental trajectories. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate factors associated with group membership. Results Four distinct developmental trajectories were identified: low-level/no problems in peer relations (22.2% of participants), childhood-limited problems (12.3%), childhood-onset persistent problems (39.2%) and adolescent-onset problems (26.3%). Risk of poor trajectories of peer relations was greater for those children with pragmatic language difficulties. Prosocial behaviour was the factor most strongly associated with trajectory group membership. Overall, the more prosocial children with better pragmatic language skills and lower levels of emotional problems had less difficulty in developing peer relations. Conclusions Analysis of developmental trajectories enriches our understanding of social development. A sizeable minority in the present sample sustained positive relations through childhood and adolescence, and others overcame early difficulties to achieve low levels of problems by their early teens; the majority, however, showed childhood-onset persistent or adolescent-onset problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12190 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2320 [article] Longitudinal trajectories of peer relations in children with specific language impairment [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Pearl L. H. MOK, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Kevin DURKIN, Auteur ; Gina CONTI-RAMSDEN, Auteur . - p.516-527. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 55-5 (May 2014) . - p.516-527 Mots-clés : Specific language impairment  peer relations  developmental trajectories  prosocial behaviour  pragmatic language impairment  autistic symptomatology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Peer relations is a vulnerable area of functioning in children with specific language impairment (SLI), but little is known about the developmental trajectories of individuals. Methods Peer problems were investigated over a 9-year period (from 7 to 16 years of age) in 171 children with a history of SLI. Discrete factor growth modelling was used to chart developmental trajectories. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate factors associated with group membership. Results Four distinct developmental trajectories were identified: low-level/no problems in peer relations (22.2% of participants), childhood-limited problems (12.3%), childhood-onset persistent problems (39.2%) and adolescent-onset problems (26.3%). Risk of poor trajectories of peer relations was greater for those children with pragmatic language difficulties. Prosocial behaviour was the factor most strongly associated with trajectory group membership. Overall, the more prosocial children with better pragmatic language skills and lower levels of emotional problems had less difficulty in developing peer relations. Conclusions Analysis of developmental trajectories enriches our understanding of social development. A sizeable minority in the present sample sustained positive relations through childhood and adolescence, and others overcame early difficulties to achieve low levels of problems by their early teens; the majority, however, showed childhood-onset persistent or adolescent-onset problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12190 Permalink : http://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=2320