5 recherche sur le mot-clé 'Dictator game'

Autism does not Dictate Children's Lack of Sharing in a Prosocial Choice Test / Laina TOWNSEND in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-6 (June 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-6 (June 2021) . - p.2029-2035 Titre : Autism does not Dictate Children's Lack of Sharing in a Prosocial Choice Test Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Laina TOWNSEND, Auteur ; Audrey ROBESON, Auteur ; Jennifer VONK, Auteur ; Kristin ROHRBECK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2029-2035 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Child  Child Behavior  Child Development  Humans  Male  Play and Playthings  Social Behavior  Theory of Mind  Autism  Dictator game  Prosocial  Resource allocation  Sharing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies have examined the association between theory of mind (ToM) and prosocial behavior in children with mixed results. A handful of studies have examined prosocial sharing behavior in children with autism, who typically exhibit ToM deficits. Studies using resource allocation tasks have generally failed to find significant differences between the sharing behavior of children with autism and neurotypical children. We presented 18 neurotypical children and 33 children with autism with the Dictator Game. Children had the opportunity to allocate toys in recipient present and absent conditions. Both groups donated more items in the recipient present versus absent condition and chose the prosocial option at above chance levels. Children with autism behave as prosocially as neurotypical children do in this paradigm. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04691-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452 [article] Autism does not Dictate Children's Lack of Sharing in a Prosocial Choice Test [texte imprimé] / Laina TOWNSEND, Auteur ; Audrey ROBESON, Auteur ; Jennifer VONK, Auteur ; Kristin ROHRBECK, Auteur . - p.2029-2035. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-6 (June 2021) . - p.2029-2035 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology  Autistic Disorder/psychology  Child  Child Behavior  Child Development  Humans  Male  Play and Playthings  Social Behavior  Theory of Mind  Autism  Dictator game  Prosocial  Resource allocation  Sharing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Studies have examined the association between theory of mind (ToM) and prosocial behavior in children with mixed results. A handful of studies have examined prosocial sharing behavior in children with autism, who typically exhibit ToM deficits. Studies using resource allocation tasks have generally failed to find significant differences between the sharing behavior of children with autism and neurotypical children. We presented 18 neurotypical children and 33 children with autism with the Dictator Game. Children had the opportunity to allocate toys in recipient present and absent conditions. Both groups donated more items in the recipient present versus absent condition and chose the prosocial option at above chance levels. Children with autism behave as prosocially as neurotypical children do in this paradigm. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04691-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452

Do Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Share Fairly and Reciprocally? / Calum HARTLEY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-8 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-8 (August 2018) . - p.2714-2726 Titre : Do Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Share Fairly and Reciprocally? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Calum HARTLEY, Auteur ; Sophie FISHER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2714-2726 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Dictator Game  Fairness  Reciprocity  Sharing  Ultimatum Game Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing children matched on receptive language share resources fairly and reciprocally. Children completed age-appropriate versions of the Ultimatum and Dictator Games with real stickers and an interactive partner. Both groups offered similar numbers of stickers (preferring equality over self-interest), offered more stickers in the Ultimatum Game, and verbally referenced 'fairness' at similar rates. However, children with ASD were significantly more likely to accept unfair offers and were significantly less likely to reciprocate the puppet's offers. Failure to reciprocate fair sharing may significantly impact on social cohesion and children's ability to build relationships. These important differences may be linked to broader deficits in social-cognitive development and potentially self-other understanding. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3528-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=367 [article] Do Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Share Fairly and Reciprocally? [texte imprimé] / Calum HARTLEY, Auteur ; Sophie FISHER, Auteur . - p.2714-2726. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-8 (August 2018) . - p.2714-2726 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Dictator Game  Fairness  Reciprocity  Sharing  Ultimatum Game Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated whether children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing children matched on receptive language share resources fairly and reciprocally. Children completed age-appropriate versions of the Ultimatum and Dictator Games with real stickers and an interactive partner. Both groups offered similar numbers of stickers (preferring equality over self-interest), offered more stickers in the Ultimatum Game, and verbally referenced 'fairness' at similar rates. However, children with ASD were significantly more likely to accept unfair offers and were significantly less likely to reciprocate the puppet's offers. Failure to reciprocate fair sharing may significantly impact on social cohesion and children's ability to build relationships. These important differences may be linked to broader deficits in social-cognitive development and potentially self-other understanding. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3528-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=367

The role of social motivation in sharing and fairness: insights from Williams syndrome / Francesca FOTI in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 16 (2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 16 (2024) Titre : The role of social motivation in sharing and fairness: insights from Williams syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Francesca FOTI, Auteur ; Floriana COSTANZO, Auteur ; Carlo FABRIZIO, Auteur ; Andrea TERMINE, Auteur ; Deny MENGHINI, Auteur ; Tiziana IAQUINTA, Auteur ; Stefano VICARI, Auteur ; Laura PETROSINI, Auteur ; Peter R. BLAKE, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Williams Syndrome/physiopathology/psychology  Motivation/physiology  Male  Female  Child  Social Behavior  Games, Experimental  Adult  Behavioral phenotype  Children  Developmental disorders  Dictator game  Fairness  Inequity aversion  Inequity game  Resource distribution  Social cognition  Social phenotype  Williams syndrome Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Sharing and fairness are important prosocial behaviors that help us navigate the social world. However, little is known about how and whether individuals with Williams Syndrome (WS) engage in these behaviors. The unique phenotype of individuals with WS, consisting of high social motivation and limited social cognition, can also offer insight into the role of social motivation in sharing and fairness when compared to typically developing (TD) individuals. The current study used established experimental paradigms to examine sharing and fairness in individuals with WS and TD individuals. METHODS: We compared a sample of patients with WS to TD children (6-year-olds) matched by mental age (MA) on two experimental tasks: the Dictator Game (DG, Experiment 1, N = 17 WS, 20 TD) with adults modeling giving behaviors used to test sharing and the Inequity Game (IG, Experiment 2, N = 14 WS, 17 TD) used to test fairness. RESULTS: Results showed that the WS group behaved similarly to the TD group for baseline giving in the DG and in the IG, rejecting disadvantageous offers but accepting advantageous ones. However, after viewing an adult model giving behavior, the WS group gave more than their baseline, with many individuals giving more than half, while the TD group gave less. Combined these results suggest that social motivation is sufficient for sharing and, in particular, generous sharing, as well as the self-focused form of fairness. Further, individuals with WS appear capable of both learning to be more generous and preventing disadvantageous outcomes, a more complex profile than previously known. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the present study provides a snapshot into sharing and fairness-related behaviors in WS, contributing to our understanding of the intriguing social-behavioral phenotype associated with this developmental disorder. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-024-09568-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=575 [article] The role of social motivation in sharing and fairness: insights from Williams syndrome [texte imprimé] / Francesca FOTI, Auteur ; Floriana COSTANZO, Auteur ; Carlo FABRIZIO, Auteur ; Andrea TERMINE, Auteur ; Deny MENGHINI, Auteur ; Tiziana IAQUINTA, Auteur ; Stefano VICARI, Auteur ; Laura PETROSINI, Auteur ; Peter R. BLAKE, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 16 (2024) Mots-clés : Humans  Williams Syndrome/physiopathology/psychology  Motivation/physiology  Male  Female  Child  Social Behavior  Games, Experimental  Adult  Behavioral phenotype  Children  Developmental disorders  Dictator game  Fairness  Inequity aversion  Inequity game  Resource distribution  Social cognition  Social phenotype  Williams syndrome Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Sharing and fairness are important prosocial behaviors that help us navigate the social world. However, little is known about how and whether individuals with Williams Syndrome (WS) engage in these behaviors. The unique phenotype of individuals with WS, consisting of high social motivation and limited social cognition, can also offer insight into the role of social motivation in sharing and fairness when compared to typically developing (TD) individuals. The current study used established experimental paradigms to examine sharing and fairness in individuals with WS and TD individuals. METHODS: We compared a sample of patients with WS to TD children (6-year-olds) matched by mental age (MA) on two experimental tasks: the Dictator Game (DG, Experiment 1, N = 17 WS, 20 TD) with adults modeling giving behaviors used to test sharing and the Inequity Game (IG, Experiment 2, N = 14 WS, 17 TD) used to test fairness. RESULTS: Results showed that the WS group behaved similarly to the TD group for baseline giving in the DG and in the IG, rejecting disadvantageous offers but accepting advantageous ones. However, after viewing an adult model giving behavior, the WS group gave more than their baseline, with many individuals giving more than half, while the TD group gave less. Combined these results suggest that social motivation is sufficient for sharing and, in particular, generous sharing, as well as the self-focused form of fairness. Further, individuals with WS appear capable of both learning to be more generous and preventing disadvantageous outcomes, a more complex profile than previously known. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the present study provides a snapshot into sharing and fairness-related behaviors in WS, contributing to our understanding of the intriguing social-behavioral phenotype associated with this developmental disorder. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-024-09568-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=575

Understanding decision-making in autistic children and adolescents: Insights from deliberative processes and behavioral economic paradigms / Manuel PEREA ; Marta LIZARÁN ; Melanie LABUSCH ; Alba MORENO-GIMÉNEZ ; Rosa SAHUQUILLO-LEAL ; Belén ALMANSA ; Julia BUESA ; Laura CAMPOS ; Juan A. PÉREZ ; Ana GARCÍA-BLANCO in Autism, 29-6 (June 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 29-6 (June 2025) . - p.1597-1611 Titre : Understanding decision-making in autistic children and adolescents: Insights from deliberative processes and behavioral economic paradigms Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Manuel PEREA, Auteur ; Marta LIZARÁN, Auteur ; Melanie LABUSCH, Auteur ; Alba MORENO-GIMÉNEZ, Auteur ; Rosa SAHUQUILLO-LEAL, Auteur ; Belén ALMANSA, Auteur ; Julia BUESA, Auteur ; Laura CAMPOS, Auteur ; Juan A. PÉREZ, Auteur ; Ana GARCÍA-BLANCO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1597-1611 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : cooperation  decision-making  dictator game  executive function  fairness  prosocial behavior  selfish  social functioning  ultimatum game Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prior research has shown conflicting findings on decision-making differences between autistic and non-autistic individuals. To address this issue, we applied the Ultimatum and Dictator Games to examine explicit measures (probability of endorsing monetary offers) and implicit measures (response times) associated with decision-making behaviors. By analyzing response times, we aimed to determine whether decisions were intuitive (rapid) or deliberative (slower) reasoning processes. In addition, we administered an executive functions questionnaire to explore how cognitive skills correlate with implicit and explicit decision-making behaviors. The study included 24 autistic and 24 non-autistic children and adolescents aged 8-18 years. Results showed that autistic participants were less likely to propose selfish offers in the Dictator Game than their non-autistic peers. Among autistic participants, this lower tendency to propose selfish offers correlated with better executive function skills. Regarding response times, autistic participants exhibited slower responses than non-autistic participants when accepting and proposing selfish offers in both games. These findings reveal differences in selfish offer tendencies and deliberative reasoning among participants, suggesting that slower decision-making in autistic participants reflects a focus on fairness and sociomoral reasoning. Future research can explore how this reasoning style influences social interactions in various scenarios.Lay Abstract Autistic kids and teens often have unique ways of communicating and socializing with others. Making decisions is important in how we behave daily and how we socialize. To study if autistic participants tend to make more cooperative or selfish choices, we used two games where participants had to share money between themselves and another player. Previous results were not consistent and that is why general assumptions could not be established. Also, previous results focused on the final decisions and did not consider the process that leads to making decisions. To fill the gap in what we know, this study dug deeper by evaluating how quickly or slowly participants made decisions and explored executive functions needed for daily decisions. The study found that autistic participants, with better executive functions, made less selfish offers (where they could keep more money than their peers) than non-autistic participants. Also, autistic participants took more time to decide than non-autistic participants, only when they could earn more money than the other player. Interestingly, these results are consistent with studies indicating that autistic children distribute resources without a primary focus on personal gains. These findings reshape how we view social exchanges and recognize that slow, deliberate thinking can lead to less selfish decisions in autistic children and adolescents. Future research could explore how this reasoning style influences social interactions in varied contexts. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251323493 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=558 [article] Understanding decision-making in autistic children and adolescents: Insights from deliberative processes and behavioral economic paradigms [texte imprimé] / Manuel PEREA, Auteur ; Marta LIZARÁN, Auteur ; Melanie LABUSCH, Auteur ; Alba MORENO-GIMÉNEZ, Auteur ; Rosa SAHUQUILLO-LEAL, Auteur ; Belén ALMANSA, Auteur ; Julia BUESA, Auteur ; Laura CAMPOS, Auteur ; Juan A. PÉREZ, Auteur ; Ana GARCÍA-BLANCO, Auteur . - p.1597-1611. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 29-6 (June 2025) . - p.1597-1611 Mots-clés : cooperation  decision-making  dictator game  executive function  fairness  prosocial behavior  selfish  social functioning  ultimatum game Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prior research has shown conflicting findings on decision-making differences between autistic and non-autistic individuals. To address this issue, we applied the Ultimatum and Dictator Games to examine explicit measures (probability of endorsing monetary offers) and implicit measures (response times) associated with decision-making behaviors. By analyzing response times, we aimed to determine whether decisions were intuitive (rapid) or deliberative (slower) reasoning processes. In addition, we administered an executive functions questionnaire to explore how cognitive skills correlate with implicit and explicit decision-making behaviors. The study included 24 autistic and 24 non-autistic children and adolescents aged 8-18 years. Results showed that autistic participants were less likely to propose selfish offers in the Dictator Game than their non-autistic peers. Among autistic participants, this lower tendency to propose selfish offers correlated with better executive function skills. Regarding response times, autistic participants exhibited slower responses than non-autistic participants when accepting and proposing selfish offers in both games. These findings reveal differences in selfish offer tendencies and deliberative reasoning among participants, suggesting that slower decision-making in autistic participants reflects a focus on fairness and sociomoral reasoning. Future research can explore how this reasoning style influences social interactions in various scenarios.Lay Abstract Autistic kids and teens often have unique ways of communicating and socializing with others. Making decisions is important in how we behave daily and how we socialize. To study if autistic participants tend to make more cooperative or selfish choices, we used two games where participants had to share money between themselves and another player. Previous results were not consistent and that is why general assumptions could not be established. Also, previous results focused on the final decisions and did not consider the process that leads to making decisions. To fill the gap in what we know, this study dug deeper by evaluating how quickly or slowly participants made decisions and explored executive functions needed for daily decisions. The study found that autistic participants, with better executive functions, made less selfish offers (where they could keep more money than their peers) than non-autistic participants. Also, autistic participants took more time to decide than non-autistic participants, only when they could earn more money than the other player. Interestingly, these results are consistent with studies indicating that autistic children distribute resources without a primary focus on personal gains. These findings reshape how we view social exchanges and recognize that slow, deliberate thinking can lead to less selfish decisions in autistic children and adolescents. Future research could explore how this reasoning style influences social interactions in varied contexts. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251323493 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=558

Differential Fairness Decisions and Brain Responses After Expressed Emotions of Others in Boys with Autism Spectrum Disorders / Eduard T. KLAPWIJK in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-8 (August 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-8 (August 2017) . - p.2390-2400 Titre : Differential Fairness Decisions and Brain Responses After Expressed Emotions of Others in Boys with Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Eduard T. KLAPWIJK, Auteur ; Moji AGHAJANI, Auteur ; Gert-Jan LELIEVELD, Auteur ; Natasja D.J. VAN LANG, Auteur ; Arne POPMA, Auteur ; Nic J.A. VAN DER WEE, Auteur ; Olivier F. COLINS, Auteur ; Robert R.J.M. VERMEIREN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2390-2400 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Social decision-making  Autism spectrum disorders  Interpersonal effects of emotions  Dictator game  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is known about how emotions expressed by others influence social decisions and associated brain responses in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We investigated the neural mechanisms underlying fairness decisions in response to explicitly expressed emotions of others in boys with ASD and typically developing (TD) boys. Participants with ASD adjusted their allocation behavior in response to the emotions but reacted less unfair than TD controls in response to happiness. We also found reduced brain responses in the precental gyrus in the ASD versus TD group when receiving happy versus angry reactions and autistic traits were positively associated with activity in the postcentral gyrus. These results provide indications for a role of precentral and postcentral gyrus in social-affective difficulties in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3159-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=314 [article] Differential Fairness Decisions and Brain Responses After Expressed Emotions of Others in Boys with Autism Spectrum Disorders [texte imprimé] / Eduard T. KLAPWIJK, Auteur ; Moji AGHAJANI, Auteur ; Gert-Jan LELIEVELD, Auteur ; Natasja D.J. VAN LANG, Auteur ; Arne POPMA, Auteur ; Nic J.A. VAN DER WEE, Auteur ; Olivier F. COLINS, Auteur ; Robert R.J.M. VERMEIREN, Auteur . - p.2390-2400. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-8 (August 2017) . - p.2390-2400 Mots-clés : Social decision-making  Autism spectrum disorders  Interpersonal effects of emotions  Dictator game  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little is known about how emotions expressed by others influence social decisions and associated brain responses in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We investigated the neural mechanisms underlying fairness decisions in response to explicitly expressed emotions of others in boys with ASD and typically developing (TD) boys. Participants with ASD adjusted their allocation behavior in response to the emotions but reacted less unfair than TD controls in response to happiness. We also found reduced brain responses in the precental gyrus in the ASD versus TD group when receiving happy versus angry reactions and autistic traits were positively associated with activity in the postcentral gyrus. These results provide indications for a role of precentral and postcentral gyrus in social-affective difficulties in ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3159-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=314