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A biomarker-based study of prenatal smoking exposure and autism in a Finnish national birth cohort / K. CHESLACK-POSTAVA in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)
[article]
Titre : A biomarker-based study of prenatal smoking exposure and autism in a Finnish national birth cohort Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : K. CHESLACK-POSTAVA, Auteur ; A. SOURANDER, Auteur ; S. HINKKA-YLI-SALOMÄKI, Auteur ; I. W. MCKEAGUE, Auteur ; H. M. SURCEL, Auteur ; A. S. BROWN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2444-2453 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Biomarkers Case-Control Studies Child Female Finland/epidemiology Humans Maternal Exposure Pregnancy Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology Smoking autism cotinine prenatal exposure delayed effects smoking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Maternal exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy is a common and persistent exposure linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in the offspring. However, previous studies provide mixed evidence regarding the relationship between prenatal smoking and offspring autism. This study used cotinine level, a biomarker for nicotine, to investigate the relationship between prenatal smoking and autism. The authors conducted a population-based case-control study nested in a national cohort of all births in Finland from 1987 to 2005. Cases diagnosed with childhood autism (ICD-10/9 code F84.0/299.0) through 2007 were identified using data from linked national registers. Each case was matched with a control on date of birth (±30?days), sex, and place of birth (N =?962 pairs). Maternal serum cotinine levels were prospectively measured in first- to early second-trimester serum samples archived in a national biobank using a quantitative immunoassay. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Prenatal maternal levels of serum cotinine were not associated with the odds of autism, whether cotinine was classified continuously, by deciles, or using previously defined categories corresponding to probable maternal smoking status. After adjusting for maternal age, paternal age, previous births, and any history of parental psychiatric disorder, the odds ratio for categorical high versus low cotinine, using a 3-level exposure variable, was 0.98 (95% CI = 0.76, 1.26; p = 0.88). In conclusion, this national birth cohort-based study does not provide evidence for an association between maternal cotinine, a biomarker of maternal smoking, and risk of autism. LAY SUMMARY: This study explored whether prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke in mothers is related to the diagnosis of autism in their children, by measuring the levels of cotinine, a biomarker for tobacco exposure, in stored serum samples drawn from mothers during pregnancy. The levels of cotinine in the mothers of children diagnosed with autism were similar to those in the mothers of control children of similar age and gender distribution. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2608 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450
in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2444-2453[article] A biomarker-based study of prenatal smoking exposure and autism in a Finnish national birth cohort [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / K. CHESLACK-POSTAVA, Auteur ; A. SOURANDER, Auteur ; S. HINKKA-YLI-SALOMÄKI, Auteur ; I. W. MCKEAGUE, Auteur ; H. M. SURCEL, Auteur ; A. S. BROWN, Auteur . - p.2444-2453.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2444-2453
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Biomarkers Case-Control Studies Child Female Finland/epidemiology Humans Maternal Exposure Pregnancy Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/epidemiology Smoking autism cotinine prenatal exposure delayed effects smoking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Maternal exposure to tobacco smoke during pregnancy is a common and persistent exposure linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in the offspring. However, previous studies provide mixed evidence regarding the relationship between prenatal smoking and offspring autism. This study used cotinine level, a biomarker for nicotine, to investigate the relationship between prenatal smoking and autism. The authors conducted a population-based case-control study nested in a national cohort of all births in Finland from 1987 to 2005. Cases diagnosed with childhood autism (ICD-10/9 code F84.0/299.0) through 2007 were identified using data from linked national registers. Each case was matched with a control on date of birth (±30?days), sex, and place of birth (N =?962 pairs). Maternal serum cotinine levels were prospectively measured in first- to early second-trimester serum samples archived in a national biobank using a quantitative immunoassay. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Prenatal maternal levels of serum cotinine were not associated with the odds of autism, whether cotinine was classified continuously, by deciles, or using previously defined categories corresponding to probable maternal smoking status. After adjusting for maternal age, paternal age, previous births, and any history of parental psychiatric disorder, the odds ratio for categorical high versus low cotinine, using a 3-level exposure variable, was 0.98 (95% CI = 0.76, 1.26; p = 0.88). In conclusion, this national birth cohort-based study does not provide evidence for an association between maternal cotinine, a biomarker of maternal smoking, and risk of autism. LAY SUMMARY: This study explored whether prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke in mothers is related to the diagnosis of autism in their children, by measuring the levels of cotinine, a biomarker for tobacco exposure, in stored serum samples drawn from mothers during pregnancy. The levels of cotinine in the mothers of children diagnosed with autism were similar to those in the mothers of control children of similar age and gender distribution. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2608 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 Optimal interpregnancy interval in autism spectrum disorder: A multi-national study of a modifiable risk factor / G. PEREIRA in Autism Research, 14-11 (November 2021)
[article]
Titre : Optimal interpregnancy interval in autism spectrum disorder: A multi-national study of a modifiable risk factor Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : G. PEREIRA, Auteur ; R. W. FRANCIS, Auteur ; M. GISSLER, Auteur ; S. N. HANSEN, Auteur ; A. KODESH, Auteur ; H. LEONARD, Auteur ; S. Z. LEVINE, Auteur ; V. R. MITTER, Auteur ; Erik T. PARNER, Auteur ; A. K. REGAN, Auteur ; A. REICHENBERG, Auteur ; S. SANDIN, Auteur ; A. SUOMINEN, Auteur ; Diana SCHENDEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2432-2443 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology Birth Intervals Female Finland/epidemiology Humans Pregnancy Retrospective Studies Risk Factors autism spectrum disorder family planning services longitudinal studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is biologically plausible that risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is elevated by both short and long interpregnancy intervals (IPI). We conducted a retrospective cohort study of singleton, non-nulliparous live births, 1998-2007 in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden (N = 925,523 births). Optimal IPI was defined as the IPI at which minimum risk was observed. Generalized additive models were used to estimate relative risks (RR) of ASD and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Population impact fractions (PIF) for ASD were estimated under scenarios for shifts in the IPI distribution. We observed that the association between ASD (N = 9302) and IPI was U-shaped for all countries. ASD risk was lowest (optimal IPI) at 35?months for all countries combined, and at 30, 33, and 39?months in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden, respectively. Fully adjusted RRs at IPIs of 6, 12, and 60?months were 1.41 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.85), 1.26 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.56), and 1.24 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.58) compared to an IPI of 35?months. Under the most conservative scenario PIFs ranged from 5% (95% CI: 1%-8%) in Denmark to 9% (95% CI: 6%-12%) in Sweden. The minimum ASD risk followed IPIs of 30-39?months across three countries. These results reflect both direct IPI effects and other, closely related social and biological pathways. If our results reflect biologically causal effects, increasing optimal IPIs and reducing their indications, such as unintended pregnancy and delayed age at first pregnancy has the potential to prevent a salient proportion of ASD cases. LAY SUMMARY: Waiting 35?months to conceive again after giving birth resulted in the least risk of autism. Shorter and longer intervals resulted in risks that were up to 50% and 85% higher, respectively. About 5% to 9% of autism cases might be avoided by optimizing birth spacing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2599 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450
in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2432-2443[article] Optimal interpregnancy interval in autism spectrum disorder: A multi-national study of a modifiable risk factor [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / G. PEREIRA, Auteur ; R. W. FRANCIS, Auteur ; M. GISSLER, Auteur ; S. N. HANSEN, Auteur ; A. KODESH, Auteur ; H. LEONARD, Auteur ; S. Z. LEVINE, Auteur ; V. R. MITTER, Auteur ; Erik T. PARNER, Auteur ; A. K. REGAN, Auteur ; A. REICHENBERG, Auteur ; S. SANDIN, Auteur ; A. SUOMINEN, Auteur ; Diana SCHENDEL, Auteur . - p.2432-2443.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 14-11 (November 2021) . - p.2432-2443
Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology Birth Intervals Female Finland/epidemiology Humans Pregnancy Retrospective Studies Risk Factors autism spectrum disorder family planning services longitudinal studies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is biologically plausible that risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is elevated by both short and long interpregnancy intervals (IPI). We conducted a retrospective cohort study of singleton, non-nulliparous live births, 1998-2007 in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden (N = 925,523 births). Optimal IPI was defined as the IPI at which minimum risk was observed. Generalized additive models were used to estimate relative risks (RR) of ASD and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Population impact fractions (PIF) for ASD were estimated under scenarios for shifts in the IPI distribution. We observed that the association between ASD (N = 9302) and IPI was U-shaped for all countries. ASD risk was lowest (optimal IPI) at 35?months for all countries combined, and at 30, 33, and 39?months in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden, respectively. Fully adjusted RRs at IPIs of 6, 12, and 60?months were 1.41 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.85), 1.26 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.56), and 1.24 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.58) compared to an IPI of 35?months. Under the most conservative scenario PIFs ranged from 5% (95% CI: 1%-8%) in Denmark to 9% (95% CI: 6%-12%) in Sweden. The minimum ASD risk followed IPIs of 30-39?months across three countries. These results reflect both direct IPI effects and other, closely related social and biological pathways. If our results reflect biologically causal effects, increasing optimal IPIs and reducing their indications, such as unintended pregnancy and delayed age at first pregnancy has the potential to prevent a salient proportion of ASD cases. LAY SUMMARY: Waiting 35?months to conceive again after giving birth resulted in the least risk of autism. Shorter and longer intervals resulted in risks that were up to 50% and 85% higher, respectively. About 5% to 9% of autism cases might be avoided by optimizing birth spacing. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2599 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 Comparison of Disfluent and Ungrammatical Speech of Preadolescents with and without ASD / M. WIKLUND in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-8 (August 2021)
[article]
Titre : Comparison of Disfluent and Ungrammatical Speech of Preadolescents with and without ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. WIKLUND, Auteur ; M. LAAKSO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2773-2789 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology/therapy Child Comprehension/physiology Finland/epidemiology Humans Language Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology Male Psychotherapy, Group/methods Speech/physiology Speech Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology/therapy Speech Production Measurement/methods Asperger syndrome (AS) Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Conversation High-functioning autism Speech disfluencies Ungrammatical expressions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This paper analyses disfluencies and ungrammatical expressions in the speech of 11-13-year-old Finnish-speaking boys with ASD (N?=?5) and with neurotypical development (N?=?6). The ASD data were from authentic group therapy sessions and neurotypical data from teacher-led group discussions. The proportion of disfluencies and ungrammatical expressions was greater in the speech of participants with ASD (26.4%) than in the control group (15.5%). Furthermore, a qualitative difference was noted: The ASD group produced long, complex disfluent turns with word searches, self-repairs, false starts, fillers, prolongations, inconsistent syntactic structures and grammatical errors, whereas in the control group, the disfluencies were mainly fillers and sound prolongations. The disfluencies and ungrammatical expressions occurring in the ASD participants' interactions also caused comprehension problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04747-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-8 (August 2021) . - p.2773-2789[article] Comparison of Disfluent and Ungrammatical Speech of Preadolescents with and without ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. WIKLUND, Auteur ; M. LAAKSO, Auteur . - p.2773-2789.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-8 (August 2021) . - p.2773-2789
Mots-clés : Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/epidemiology/therapy Child Comprehension/physiology Finland/epidemiology Humans Language Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology Male Psychotherapy, Group/methods Speech/physiology Speech Disorders/diagnosis/epidemiology/therapy Speech Production Measurement/methods Asperger syndrome (AS) Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Conversation High-functioning autism Speech disfluencies Ungrammatical expressions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This paper analyses disfluencies and ungrammatical expressions in the speech of 11-13-year-old Finnish-speaking boys with ASD (N?=?5) and with neurotypical development (N?=?6). The ASD data were from authentic group therapy sessions and neurotypical data from teacher-led group discussions. The proportion of disfluencies and ungrammatical expressions was greater in the speech of participants with ASD (26.4%) than in the control group (15.5%). Furthermore, a qualitative difference was noted: The ASD group produced long, complex disfluent turns with word searches, self-repairs, false starts, fillers, prolongations, inconsistent syntactic structures and grammatical errors, whereas in the control group, the disfluencies were mainly fillers and sound prolongations. The disfluencies and ungrammatical expressions occurring in the ASD participants' interactions also caused comprehension problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04747-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453