6 recherche sur le mot-clé 'entropy'

Assessing unpredictability in caregiver-child relationships: Insights from theoretical and empirical perspectives / Elisa UGARTE in Development and Psychopathology, 36-3 (August 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 36-3 (August 2024) . - p.1070-1089 Titre : Assessing unpredictability in caregiver-child relationships: Insights from theoretical and empirical perspectives Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elisa UGARTE, Auteur ; Paul D. HASTINGS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1070-1089 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : caregiver unpredictability  dynamic systems  entropy  environmental statistics  unpredictability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There has been significant interest and progress in understanding the role of caregiver unpredictability on brain maturation, cognitive and socioemotional development, and psychopathology. Theoretical consensus has emerged about the unique influence of unpredictability in shaping children s experience, distinct from other adverse exposures or features of stress exposure. Nonetheless, the field still lacks theoretical and empirical common ground due to difficulties in accurately conceptualizing and measuring unpredictability in the caregiver-child relationship. In this paper, we first provide an overview of the role of unpredictability in theories of caregiving and childhood adversity and present four issues that are currently under-discussed but are crucial to the field. Focusing on how moment-to-moment and day-to-day dynamics are at the heart of caregiver unpredictability, we review three approaches aiming to address some of these nuances: Environmental statistics, entropy, and dynamic systems. Lastly, we conclude with a broad summary and suggest future research directions. Systematic progress in this field can inform interventions and policies aiming to increase stability in the lives of children. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579423000305 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538 [article] Assessing unpredictability in caregiver-child relationships: Insights from theoretical and empirical perspectives [texte imprimé] / Elisa UGARTE, Auteur ; Paul D. HASTINGS, Auteur . - p.1070-1089. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 36-3 (August 2024) . - p.1070-1089 Mots-clés : caregiver unpredictability  dynamic systems  entropy  environmental statistics  unpredictability Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : There has been significant interest and progress in understanding the role of caregiver unpredictability on brain maturation, cognitive and socioemotional development, and psychopathology. Theoretical consensus has emerged about the unique influence of unpredictability in shaping children s experience, distinct from other adverse exposures or features of stress exposure. Nonetheless, the field still lacks theoretical and empirical common ground due to difficulties in accurately conceptualizing and measuring unpredictability in the caregiver-child relationship. In this paper, we first provide an overview of the role of unpredictability in theories of caregiving and childhood adversity and present four issues that are currently under-discussed but are crucial to the field. Focusing on how moment-to-moment and day-to-day dynamics are at the heart of caregiver unpredictability, we review three approaches aiming to address some of these nuances: Environmental statistics, entropy, and dynamic systems. Lastly, we conclude with a broad summary and suggest future research directions. Systematic progress in this field can inform interventions and policies aiming to increase stability in the lives of children. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579423000305 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538

Autonomic complexity and emotion (dys-)regulation in early childhood across high- and low-risk contexts / Daniel BERRY in Development and Psychopathology, 31-3 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 31-3 (August 2019) . - p.1173-1190 Titre : Autonomic complexity and emotion (dys-)regulation in early childhood across high- and low-risk contexts Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Daniel BERRY, Auteur ; Alyssa R. PALMER, Auteur ; Rebecca DISTEFANO, Auteur ; Ann S. MASTEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1173-1190 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autonomic nervous system  dynamical systems  emotion regulation  entropy  fractal  respiratory sinus arrhythmia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Developing the ability to regulate one's emotions in accordance with contextual demands (i.e., emotion regulation) is a central developmental task of early childhood. These processes are supported by the engagement of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), a physiological hub of a vast network tasked with dynamically integrating real-time experiential inputs with internal motivational and goal states. To date, much of what is known about the ANS and emotion regulation has been based on measures of respiratory sinus arrhythmia, a cardiac indicator of parasympathetic activity. In the present study, we draw from dynamical systems models to introduce two nonlinear indices of cardiac complexity (fractality and sample entropy) as potential indicators of these broader ANS dynamics. Using data from a stratified sample of preschoolers living in high- (i.e., emergency homeless shelter) and low-risk contexts (N = 115), we show that, in conjunction with respiratory sinus arrhythmia, these nonlinear indices may help to clarify important differences in the behavioral manifestations of emotion regulation. In particular, our results suggest that cardiac complexity may be especially useful for discerning active, effortful emotion regulation from less effortful regulation and dysregulation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579419000683 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=403 [article] Autonomic complexity and emotion (dys-)regulation in early childhood across high- and low-risk contexts [texte imprimé] / Daniel BERRY, Auteur ; Alyssa R. PALMER, Auteur ; Rebecca DISTEFANO, Auteur ; Ann S. MASTEN, Auteur . - p.1173-1190. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 31-3 (August 2019) . - p.1173-1190 Mots-clés : autonomic nervous system  dynamical systems  emotion regulation  entropy  fractal  respiratory sinus arrhythmia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Developing the ability to regulate one's emotions in accordance with contextual demands (i.e., emotion regulation) is a central developmental task of early childhood. These processes are supported by the engagement of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), a physiological hub of a vast network tasked with dynamically integrating real-time experiential inputs with internal motivational and goal states. To date, much of what is known about the ANS and emotion regulation has been based on measures of respiratory sinus arrhythmia, a cardiac indicator of parasympathetic activity. In the present study, we draw from dynamical systems models to introduce two nonlinear indices of cardiac complexity (fractality and sample entropy) as potential indicators of these broader ANS dynamics. Using data from a stratified sample of preschoolers living in high- (i.e., emergency homeless shelter) and low-risk contexts (N = 115), we show that, in conjunction with respiratory sinus arrhythmia, these nonlinear indices may help to clarify important differences in the behavioral manifestations of emotion regulation. In particular, our results suggest that cardiac complexity may be especially useful for discerning active, effortful emotion regulation from less effortful regulation and dysregulation. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579419000683 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=403

Visual and somatosensory feedback mechanisms of precision manual motor control in autism spectrum disorder / Robin L. SHAFER in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 13 (2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 13 (2021) Titre : Visual and somatosensory feedback mechanisms of precision manual motor control in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Robin L. SHAFER, Auteur ; Zheng WANG, Auteur ; James BARTOLOTTI, Auteur ; Matthew W. MOSCONI, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Feedback  Hand Strength  Humans  Young Adult  Autism spectrum disorders  Entropy  Fine motor control  Grip force  Proprioception  Sensorimotor  Sensory reweighting  Visual gain Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show deficits processing sensory feedback to reactively adjust ongoing motor behaviors. Atypical reliance on visual and somatosensory feedback each have been reported during motor behaviors in ASD suggesting that impairments are not specific to one sensory domain but may instead reflect a deficit in multisensory processing, resulting in reliance on unimodal feedback. The present study tested this hypothesis by examining motor behavior across different visual and somatosensory feedback conditions during a visually guided precision grip force test. METHODS: Participants with ASD (N = 43) and age-matched typically developing (TD) controls (N = 23), ages 10-20 years, completed a test of precision gripping. They pressed on force transducers with their index finger and thumb while receiving visual feedback on a computer screen in the form of a horizontal bar that moved upwards with increased force. They were instructed to press so that the bar reached the level of a static target bar and then to hold their grip force as steadily as possible. Visual feedback was manipulated by changing the gain of the force bar. Somatosensory feedback was manipulated by applying 80 Hz tendon vibration at the wrist to disrupt the somatosensory percept. Force variability (standard deviation) and irregularity (sample entropy) were examined using multilevel linear models. RESULTS: While TD controls showed increased force variability with the tendon vibration on compared to off, individuals with ASD showed similar levels of force variability across tendon vibration conditions. Individuals with ASD showed stronger age-associated reductions in force variability relative to controls across conditions. The ASD group also showed greater age-associated increases in force irregularity relative to controls, especially at higher gain levels and when the tendon vibrator was turned on. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings that disrupting somatosensory feedback did not contribute to changes in force variability or regularity among individuals with ASD suggests a reduced ability to integrate somatosensory feedback information to guide ongoing precision manual motor behavior. We also document stronger age-associated gains in force control in ASD relative to TD suggesting delayed development of multisensory feedback control of motor behavior. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-021-09381-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=574 [article] Visual and somatosensory feedback mechanisms of precision manual motor control in autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Robin L. SHAFER, Auteur ; Zheng WANG, Auteur ; James BARTOLOTTI, Auteur ; Matthew W. MOSCONI, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 13 (2021) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Adult  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Feedback  Hand Strength  Humans  Young Adult  Autism spectrum disorders  Entropy  Fine motor control  Grip force  Proprioception  Sensorimotor  Sensory reweighting  Visual gain Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show deficits processing sensory feedback to reactively adjust ongoing motor behaviors. Atypical reliance on visual and somatosensory feedback each have been reported during motor behaviors in ASD suggesting that impairments are not specific to one sensory domain but may instead reflect a deficit in multisensory processing, resulting in reliance on unimodal feedback. The present study tested this hypothesis by examining motor behavior across different visual and somatosensory feedback conditions during a visually guided precision grip force test. METHODS: Participants with ASD (N = 43) and age-matched typically developing (TD) controls (N = 23), ages 10-20 years, completed a test of precision gripping. They pressed on force transducers with their index finger and thumb while receiving visual feedback on a computer screen in the form of a horizontal bar that moved upwards with increased force. They were instructed to press so that the bar reached the level of a static target bar and then to hold their grip force as steadily as possible. Visual feedback was manipulated by changing the gain of the force bar. Somatosensory feedback was manipulated by applying 80 Hz tendon vibration at the wrist to disrupt the somatosensory percept. Force variability (standard deviation) and irregularity (sample entropy) were examined using multilevel linear models. RESULTS: While TD controls showed increased force variability with the tendon vibration on compared to off, individuals with ASD showed similar levels of force variability across tendon vibration conditions. Individuals with ASD showed stronger age-associated reductions in force variability relative to controls across conditions. The ASD group also showed greater age-associated increases in force irregularity relative to controls, especially at higher gain levels and when the tendon vibrator was turned on. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings that disrupting somatosensory feedback did not contribute to changes in force variability or regularity among individuals with ASD suggests a reduced ability to integrate somatosensory feedback information to guide ongoing precision manual motor behavior. We also document stronger age-associated gains in force control in ASD relative to TD suggesting delayed development of multisensory feedback control of motor behavior. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-021-09381-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=574

Visual feedback and motor memory contributions to sustained motor control deficits in autism spectrum disorder across childhood and into adulthood / Robin L. SHAFER in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 17 (2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 17 (2025) Titre : Visual feedback and motor memory contributions to sustained motor control deficits in autism spectrum disorder across childhood and into adulthood Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Robin L. SHAFER, Auteur ; James BARTOLOTTI, Auteur ; Abigail DRIGGERS, Auteur ; Erin BOJANEK, Auteur ; Zheng WANG, Auteur ; Matthew W. MOSCONI, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Adolescent  Child  Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/complications  Male  Young Adult  Feedback, Sensory/physiology  Adult  Female  Psychomotor Performance/physiology  Memory/physiology  Motor Skills/physiology  Hand Strength/physiology  Autism spectrum disorders  Entropy  Fine motor control  Grip force  Motor memory  Sensorimotor  Sensory integration  Visual feedback  Visuomotor  provided written informed consent after a complete description of the study, in  accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. For participants under the age of 18  and adults who were under legal guardianship, a parent or legal guardian provided  written informed consent on behalf of the participant, and the participant  provided written assent. All study procedures were approved by the University of  Kansas Medical Center Institutional Review Board (IRB#: STUDY00140269). Consent  for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: MWM is PI on an  investigator initiated clinical trial of behavioral inflexibility in autism  funded by Acadia Pharmaceuticals. MWM and ZW received funding from Novartis  Pharmaceuticals Corporation for an investigator-initiated study of Phelan  McDermid Syndrome. The other authors declare that they have no competing  interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autistic individuals show deficits in sustained fine motor control which are associated with an over-reliance on visual feedback. Motor memory deficits also have been reported during sustained fine motor control in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The development of motor memory and visuomotor feedback processes contributing to sustained motor control issues in ASD are not known. The present study aimed to characterize age-related changes in visual feedback and motor memory processes contributing to sustained fine motor control issues in ASD. METHODS: Fifty-four autistic participants and 31 neurotypical (NT) controls ages 10-25 years completed visually guided and memory guided sustained precision gripping tests by pressing on force sensors with their dominant hand index finger and thumb. For visually guided trials, participants viewed a stationary target bar and a force bar that moved upwards with increased force for 15s. During memory guided trials, the force bar was visible for 3s, after which participants attempted to maintain their force output without visual feedback for another 12s. To assess visual feedback processing, force accuracy, variability (standard deviation), and regularity (sample entropy) were examined. To assess motor memory, force decay latency, slope, and magnitude were examined during epochs without visual feedback. RESULTS: Relative to NT controls, autistic individuals showed a greater magnitude and a trend for a steeper slope of force decay during memory guided trials. Across conditions, the ASD group showed reduced force accuracy (β = 0.41, R(2) = 0.043, t(79.3)=2.36, p = .021) and greater force variability (β=-2.16, R(2) = 0.143, t(77.1)=-4.04, p = .0001) and regularity (β=-0.52, R(2) = 0.021, t(77.4)=-2.21, p = .030) relative to NT controls at younger ages, but these differences normalized by adolescence (age x group interactions). Lower force accuracy and greater force variability during visually guided trials and steeper decay slope during memory guided trials were associated with overall autism severity. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings that autistic individuals show a greater magnitude and tendency for a greater rate of force decay than NT individuals following the removal of visual feedback indicate that motor memory deficits contribute to fine motor control issues in ASD. Findings that sensorimotor differences in ASD were specific to younger ages suggest delayed development across multiple motor control processes. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-025-09607-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=576 [article] Visual feedback and motor memory contributions to sustained motor control deficits in autism spectrum disorder across childhood and into adulthood [texte imprimé] / Robin L. SHAFER, Auteur ; James BARTOLOTTI, Auteur ; Abigail DRIGGERS, Auteur ; Erin BOJANEK, Auteur ; Zheng WANG, Auteur ; Matthew W. MOSCONI, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 17 (2025) Mots-clés : Humans  Adolescent  Child  Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/complications  Male  Young Adult  Feedback, Sensory/physiology  Adult  Female  Psychomotor Performance/physiology  Memory/physiology  Motor Skills/physiology  Hand Strength/physiology  Autism spectrum disorders  Entropy  Fine motor control  Grip force  Motor memory  Sensorimotor  Sensory integration  Visual feedback  Visuomotor  provided written informed consent after a complete description of the study, in  accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. For participants under the age of 18  and adults who were under legal guardianship, a parent or legal guardian provided  written informed consent on behalf of the participant, and the participant  provided written assent. All study procedures were approved by the University of  Kansas Medical Center Institutional Review Board (IRB#: STUDY00140269). Consent  for publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: MWM is PI on an  investigator initiated clinical trial of behavioral inflexibility in autism  funded by Acadia Pharmaceuticals. MWM and ZW received funding from Novartis  Pharmaceuticals Corporation for an investigator-initiated study of Phelan  McDermid Syndrome. The other authors declare that they have no competing  interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autistic individuals show deficits in sustained fine motor control which are associated with an over-reliance on visual feedback. Motor memory deficits also have been reported during sustained fine motor control in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The development of motor memory and visuomotor feedback processes contributing to sustained motor control issues in ASD are not known. The present study aimed to characterize age-related changes in visual feedback and motor memory processes contributing to sustained fine motor control issues in ASD. METHODS: Fifty-four autistic participants and 31 neurotypical (NT) controls ages 10-25 years completed visually guided and memory guided sustained precision gripping tests by pressing on force sensors with their dominant hand index finger and thumb. For visually guided trials, participants viewed a stationary target bar and a force bar that moved upwards with increased force for 15s. During memory guided trials, the force bar was visible for 3s, after which participants attempted to maintain their force output without visual feedback for another 12s. To assess visual feedback processing, force accuracy, variability (standard deviation), and regularity (sample entropy) were examined. To assess motor memory, force decay latency, slope, and magnitude were examined during epochs without visual feedback. RESULTS: Relative to NT controls, autistic individuals showed a greater magnitude and a trend for a steeper slope of force decay during memory guided trials. Across conditions, the ASD group showed reduced force accuracy (β = 0.41, R(2) = 0.043, t(79.3)=2.36, p = .021) and greater force variability (β=-2.16, R(2) = 0.143, t(77.1)=-4.04, p = .0001) and regularity (β=-0.52, R(2) = 0.021, t(77.4)=-2.21, p = .030) relative to NT controls at younger ages, but these differences normalized by adolescence (age x group interactions). Lower force accuracy and greater force variability during visually guided trials and steeper decay slope during memory guided trials were associated with overall autism severity. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings that autistic individuals show a greater magnitude and tendency for a greater rate of force decay than NT individuals following the removal of visual feedback indicate that motor memory deficits contribute to fine motor control issues in ASD. Findings that sensorimotor differences in ASD were specific to younger ages suggest delayed development across multiple motor control processes. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-025-09607-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=576

Examining the specificity of postural control deficits in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder using a cross-syndrome approach / Daniel E. LIDSTONE in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 72 (April 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 72 (April 2020) . - p.101514 Titre : Examining the specificity of postural control deficits in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder using a cross-syndrome approach Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Daniel E. LIDSTONE, Auteur ; Faria Z. MIAH, Auteur ; Brach POSTON, Auteur ; Julie F. BEASLEY, Auteur ; Janet S. DUFEK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.101514 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Cross-syndrome  Postural control  Balance  Postural sway  ASD  Entropy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Postural control deficits are commonly reported in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, identification of specific postural sway features that differentiate ASD from other neurodevelopmental disorders has not been examined. The current study employs a cross-syndrome approach by comparing postural sway area and direction-specific features of sway magnitude, sway velocity, and sway complexity between children with ASD, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and typically developing (TD) controls. Method Eighty children (7–17 years old) participated in this study. Postural sway was measured on a force plate during 30-s of bilateral quiet stance and balance was assessed using a timed unipedal stance test. Results Results showed that (1) postural sway area and mediolateral (ML) sway magnitude were significantly greater in children with ASD vs. all groups (p < 0.05); (2) anteroposterior (AP) sway magnitude and velocity were significantly greater in children with ASD vs. TD controls-only (p < 0.05); and (3) static balance was similarly impaired in all clinical groups compared to TD children (p < 0.05). Conclusions ASD-specific postural sway features were identified using a cross-syndrome design. Identifying ASD-specific motor impairments can be useful to understanding the neurological underpinnings of ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101514 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=420 [article] Examining the specificity of postural control deficits in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder using a cross-syndrome approach [texte imprimé] / Daniel E. LIDSTONE, Auteur ; Faria Z. MIAH, Auteur ; Brach POSTON, Auteur ; Julie F. BEASLEY, Auteur ; Janet S. DUFEK, Auteur . - p.101514. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 72 (April 2020) . - p.101514 Mots-clés : Cross-syndrome  Postural control  Balance  Postural sway  ASD  Entropy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Postural control deficits are commonly reported in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, identification of specific postural sway features that differentiate ASD from other neurodevelopmental disorders has not been examined. The current study employs a cross-syndrome approach by comparing postural sway area and direction-specific features of sway magnitude, sway velocity, and sway complexity between children with ASD, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and typically developing (TD) controls. Method Eighty children (7–17 years old) participated in this study. Postural sway was measured on a force plate during 30-s of bilateral quiet stance and balance was assessed using a timed unipedal stance test. Results Results showed that (1) postural sway area and mediolateral (ML) sway magnitude were significantly greater in children with ASD vs. all groups (p < 0.05); (2) anteroposterior (AP) sway magnitude and velocity were significantly greater in children with ASD vs. TD controls-only (p < 0.05); and (3) static balance was similarly impaired in all clinical groups compared to TD children (p < 0.05). Conclusions ASD-specific postural sway features were identified using a cross-syndrome design. Identifying ASD-specific motor impairments can be useful to understanding the neurological underpinnings of ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101514 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=420

Random and Short-Term Excessive Eye Movement in Children with Autism During Face-to-Face Conversation / Zhong ZHAO in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-8 (August 2022)  

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