3 recherche sur le mot-clé 'separation anxiety'

Discrimination of amygdala response predicts future separation anxiety in youth with early deprivation / Shulamite A. GREEN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-10 (October 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-10 (October 2016) . - p.1135-1144 Titre : Discrimination of amygdala response predicts future separation anxiety in youth with early deprivation Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Shulamite A. GREEN, Auteur ; Bonnie GOFF, Auteur ; Dylan G. GEE, Auteur ; Laurel GABARD-DURNAM, Auteur ; Jessica FLANNERY, Auteur ; Eva H. TELZER, Auteur ; Kathryn L. HUMPHREYS, Auteur ; Jennifer LOUIE, Auteur ; Nim TOTTENHAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1135-1144 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Amygdala development  parents  stress  institutional rearing  separation anxiety  social Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Significant disruption in caregiving is associated with increased internalizing symptoms, most notably heightened separation anxiety symptoms during childhood. It is also associated with altered functional development of the amygdala, a neurobiological correlate of anxious behavior. However, much less is known about how functional alterations of amygdala predict individual differences in anxiety. Here, we probed amygdala function following institutional caregiving using very subtle social-affective stimuli (trustworthy and untrustworthy faces), which typically result in large differences in amygdala signal, and change in separation anxiety behaviors over a 2-year period. We hypothesized that the degree of differentiation of amygdala signal to trustworthy versus untrustworthy face stimuli would predict separation anxiety symptoms. Methods Seventy-four youths mean (SD) age = 9.7 years (2.64) with and without previous institutional care, who were all living in families at the time of testing, participated in an fMRI task designed to examine differential amygdala response to trustworthy versus untrustworthy faces. Parents reported on their children's separation anxiety symptoms at the time of scan and again 2 years later. Results Previous institutional care was associated with diminished amygdala signal differences and behavioral differences to the contrast of untrustworthy and trustworthy faces. Diminished differentiation of these stimuli types predicted more severe separation anxiety symptoms 2 years later. Older age at adoption was associated with diminished differentiation of amygdala responses. Conclusions A history of institutional care is associated with reduced differential amygdala responses to social-affective cues of trustworthiness that are typically exhibited by comparison samples. Individual differences in the degree of amygdala differential responding to these cues predict the severity of separation anxiety symptoms over a 2-year period. These findings provide a biological mechanism to explain the associations between early caregiving adversity and individual differences in internalizing symptomology during development, thereby contributing to individualized predictions of future clinical outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12578 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=295 [article] Discrimination of amygdala response predicts future separation anxiety in youth with early deprivation [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shulamite A. GREEN, Auteur ; Bonnie GOFF, Auteur ; Dylan G. GEE, Auteur ; Laurel GABARD-DURNAM, Auteur ; Jessica FLANNERY, Auteur ; Eva H. TELZER, Auteur ; Kathryn L. HUMPHREYS, Auteur ; Jennifer LOUIE, Auteur ; Nim TOTTENHAM, Auteur . - p.1135-1144. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-10 (October 2016) . - p.1135-1144 Mots-clés : Amygdala development  parents  stress  institutional rearing  separation anxiety  social Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Significant disruption in caregiving is associated with increased internalizing symptoms, most notably heightened separation anxiety symptoms during childhood. It is also associated with altered functional development of the amygdala, a neurobiological correlate of anxious behavior. However, much less is known about how functional alterations of amygdala predict individual differences in anxiety. Here, we probed amygdala function following institutional caregiving using very subtle social-affective stimuli (trustworthy and untrustworthy faces), which typically result in large differences in amygdala signal, and change in separation anxiety behaviors over a 2-year period. We hypothesized that the degree of differentiation of amygdala signal to trustworthy versus untrustworthy face stimuli would predict separation anxiety symptoms. Methods Seventy-four youths mean (SD) age = 9.7 years (2.64) with and without previous institutional care, who were all living in families at the time of testing, participated in an fMRI task designed to examine differential amygdala response to trustworthy versus untrustworthy faces. Parents reported on their children's separation anxiety symptoms at the time of scan and again 2 years later. Results Previous institutional care was associated with diminished amygdala signal differences and behavioral differences to the contrast of untrustworthy and trustworthy faces. Diminished differentiation of these stimuli types predicted more severe separation anxiety symptoms 2 years later. Older age at adoption was associated with diminished differentiation of amygdala responses. Conclusions A history of institutional care is associated with reduced differential amygdala responses to social-affective cues of trustworthiness that are typically exhibited by comparison samples. Individual differences in the degree of amygdala differential responding to these cues predict the severity of separation anxiety symptoms over a 2-year period. These findings provide a biological mechanism to explain the associations between early caregiving adversity and individual differences in internalizing symptomology during development, thereby contributing to individualized predictions of future clinical outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12578 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=295

Distinct trajectories of separation anxiety in the preschool years: persistence at school entry and early-life associated factors / Marco BATTAGLIA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 57-1 (January 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.39-46 Titre : Distinct trajectories of separation anxiety in the preschool years: persistence at school entry and early-life associated factors Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marco BATTAGLIA, Auteur ; Évelyne TOUCHETTE, Auteur ; Gabrielle GARON-CARRIER, Auteur ; Ginette DIONNE, Auteur ; Sylvana M. CÔTÉ, Auteur ; Frank VITARO, Auteur ; Richard E. TREMBLAY, Auteur ; Michel BOIVIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.39-46 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Separation anxiety  trajectories  risk factors  internalising disorders  development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Little is known about how children differ in the onset and evolution of separation anxiety (SA) symptoms during the preschool years, and how SA develops into separation anxiety disorder. In a large, representative population-based sample, we investigated the developmental trajectories of SA symptoms from infancy to school entry, their early associated risk factors, and their associations with teachers' ratings of SA in kindergarten. Methods Longitudinal assessment of SA trajectories and risk factors in a cohort of 1,933 families between the ages of 1.5 and 6 years. Results Analyses revealed a best-fitting, 4-trajectory solution, including a prevailing, unaffected Low-Persistent group (60.2%), and three smaller groups of distinct developmental course: a High-Increasing (6.9%), a High-Decreasing (10.8%), and a Low-Increasing group (22.1%). The High-Increasing group remained high throughout the preschool years and was the only trajectory to predict teacher-assessed SA at age 6 years. Except for the High-Increasing, all trajectories showed substantial reduction in symptoms by age 6 years. The High-Increasing and High-Decreasing groups shared several early risk factors, but the former was uniquely associated with higher maternal depression, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and parental unemployment. Conclusions Most children with high SA profile at age 1.5 years are expected to progressively recover by age 4–5. High SA at age 1.5 that persists over time deserves special attention, and may predict separation anxiety disorder. A host of child perinatal, parental and family-contextual risk factors were associated with the onset and developmental course of SA across the preschool years. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12424 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273 [article] Distinct trajectories of separation anxiety in the preschool years: persistence at school entry and early-life associated factors [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marco BATTAGLIA, Auteur ; Évelyne TOUCHETTE, Auteur ; Gabrielle GARON-CARRIER, Auteur ; Ginette DIONNE, Auteur ; Sylvana M. CÔTÉ, Auteur ; Frank VITARO, Auteur ; Richard E. TREMBLAY, Auteur ; Michel BOIVIN, Auteur . - p.39-46. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 57-1 (January 2016) . - p.39-46 Mots-clés : Separation anxiety  trajectories  risk factors  internalising disorders  development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Little is known about how children differ in the onset and evolution of separation anxiety (SA) symptoms during the preschool years, and how SA develops into separation anxiety disorder. In a large, representative population-based sample, we investigated the developmental trajectories of SA symptoms from infancy to school entry, their early associated risk factors, and their associations with teachers' ratings of SA in kindergarten. Methods Longitudinal assessment of SA trajectories and risk factors in a cohort of 1,933 families between the ages of 1.5 and 6 years. Results Analyses revealed a best-fitting, 4-trajectory solution, including a prevailing, unaffected Low-Persistent group (60.2%), and three smaller groups of distinct developmental course: a High-Increasing (6.9%), a High-Decreasing (10.8%), and a Low-Increasing group (22.1%). The High-Increasing group remained high throughout the preschool years and was the only trajectory to predict teacher-assessed SA at age 6 years. Except for the High-Increasing, all trajectories showed substantial reduction in symptoms by age 6 years. The High-Increasing and High-Decreasing groups shared several early risk factors, but the former was uniquely associated with higher maternal depression, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and parental unemployment. Conclusions Most children with high SA profile at age 1.5 years are expected to progressively recover by age 4–5. High SA at age 1.5 that persists over time deserves special attention, and may predict separation anxiety disorder. A host of child perinatal, parental and family-contextual risk factors were associated with the onset and developmental course of SA across the preschool years. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12424 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=273

Working memory moderates the association between early institutional care and separation anxiety symptoms in late childhood and adolescence / Laura Alicia ALBA in Development and Psychopathology, 31-3 (August 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 31-3 (August 2019) . - p.989-997 Titre : Working memory moderates the association between early institutional care and separation anxiety symptoms in late childhood and adolescence Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Laura Alicia ALBA, Auteur ; Jessica FLANNERY, Auteur ; Mor SHAPIRO, Auteur ; Nim TOTTENHAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.989-997 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : cortisol  early caregiving adversity  emotion dysregulation  separation anxiety  working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adverse caregiving, for example, previous institutionalization (PI), is often associated with emotion dysregulation that increases anxiety risk. However, the concept of developmental multifinality predicts heterogeneity in anxiety outcomes. Despite this well-known heterogeneity, more work is needed to identify sources of this heterogeneity and how these sources interact with environmental risk to influence mental health. Here, working memory (WM) was examined during late childhood/adolescence as an intra-individual factor to mitigate the risk for separation anxiety, which is particularly susceptible to caregiving adversities. A modified “object-in-place” task was administered to 110 youths (10–17 years old), with or without a history of PI. The PI youths had elevated separation anxiety scores, which were anticorrelated with morning cortisol levels, yet there were no group differences in WM. PI youths showed significant heterogeneity in separation anxiety symptoms and morning cortisol levels, and WM moderated the link between caregiving and separation anxiety and mediated the association between separation anxiety and morning cortisol in PI youth. Findings suggest that (a) institutional care exerts divergent developmental consequences on separation anxiety versus WM, (b) WM interacts with adversity-related emotion dysregulation, and (c) WM may be a therapeutic target for separation anxiety following early caregiving adversity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579419000452 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=403 [article] Working memory moderates the association between early institutional care and separation anxiety symptoms in late childhood and adolescence [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Laura Alicia ALBA, Auteur ; Jessica FLANNERY, Auteur ; Mor SHAPIRO, Auteur ; Nim TOTTENHAM, Auteur . - p.989-997. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 31-3 (August 2019) . - p.989-997 Mots-clés : cortisol  early caregiving adversity  emotion dysregulation  separation anxiety  working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adverse caregiving, for example, previous institutionalization (PI), is often associated with emotion dysregulation that increases anxiety risk. However, the concept of developmental multifinality predicts heterogeneity in anxiety outcomes. Despite this well-known heterogeneity, more work is needed to identify sources of this heterogeneity and how these sources interact with environmental risk to influence mental health. Here, working memory (WM) was examined during late childhood/adolescence as an intra-individual factor to mitigate the risk for separation anxiety, which is particularly susceptible to caregiving adversities. A modified “object-in-place” task was administered to 110 youths (10–17 years old), with or without a history of PI. The PI youths had elevated separation anxiety scores, which were anticorrelated with morning cortisol levels, yet there were no group differences in WM. PI youths showed significant heterogeneity in separation anxiety symptoms and morning cortisol levels, and WM moderated the link between caregiving and separation anxiety and mediated the association between separation anxiety and morning cortisol in PI youth. Findings suggest that (a) institutional care exerts divergent developmental consequences on separation anxiety versus WM, (b) WM interacts with adversity-related emotion dysregulation, and (c) WM may be a therapeutic target for separation anxiety following early caregiving adversity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0954579419000452 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=403