1. Carminati GG, Gerber F, Darbellay B, Kosel MM, Deriaz N, Chabert J, Fathi M, Bertschy G, Ferrero F, Carminati F. {{Using venlafaxine to treat behavioral disorders in patients with autism spectrum disorder}}. {Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry};2016 (Feb 4);65:85-95.
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2. Gonzales EL, Jang JH, Mabunga DF, Kim JW, Ko MJ, Cho KS, Bahn GH, Hong M, Ryu JH, Kim HJ, Cheong JH, Shin CY. {{Supplementation of Korean Red Ginseng improves behavior deviations in animal models of autism}}. {Food Nutr Res};2016;60:29245.
BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders that primarily display social and communication impairments and restricted/repetitive behaviors. ASD prevalence has increased in recent years, yet very limited therapeutic targets and treatments are available to counteract the incapacitating disorder. Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is a popular herbal plant in South Korea known for its wide range of therapeutic effects and nutritional benefits and has recently been gaining great scientific attention, particularly for its positive effects in the central nervous system. OBJECTIVES: Thus, in this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of KRG in alleviating the neurobehavioral deficits found in the valproic acid (VPA)-exposed mice models of ASD. DESIGN: Starting at 21 days old (P21), VPA-exposed mice were given daily oral administrations of KRG solution (100 or 200 mg/kg) until the termination of all experiments. From P28, mice behaviors were assessed in terms of social interaction capacity (P28-29), locomotor activity (P30), repetitive behaviors (P32), short-term spatial working memory (P34), motor coordination (P36), and seizure susceptibility (P38). RESULTS: VPA-exposed mice showed sociability and social novelty preference deficits, hyperactivity, increased repetitive behavior, impaired spatial working memory, slightly affected motor coordination, and high seizure susceptibility. Remarkably, long-term KRG treatment in both dosages normalized all the ASD-related behaviors in VPA-exposed mice, except motor coordination ability. CONCLUSION: As a food and herbal supplement with various known benefits, KRG demonstrated its therapeutic potential in rescuing abnormal behaviors related to autism caused by prenatal environmental exposure to VPA.
3. McDonald KE, Stack E. {{You say you want a revolution: An empirical study of community-based participatory research with people with developmental disabilities}}. {Disabil Health J};2016 (Jan 3)
BACKGROUND: Community-based participatory research (CBPR) seeks to improve the responsiveness of science to community priorities and foster positive community change through equitable research collaborations between scientists and community members. CBPR resonates with disability rights principles, and is increasingly being used in disability research, though there are few studies of its use with people with developmental disabilities. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a prospective qualitative study to explore the experiences of scientists and community members in a multi-year CBPR project with people with developmental disabilities. METHODS: Over the four project years, we conducted periodic individual interviews and focus groups with members of the CBPR project, and used an inductive thematic analysis to identify and develop relational themes. RESULTS: We identified factors that contributed to the success of the CBPR project and factors that presented challenges to the CBPR project. We also identified potential individual, project, and societal level impacts of the CBPR project. CONCLUSIONS: CBPR with people with developmental disabilities is possible and fruitful, and can serve as an effective model for the full inclusion of people with developmental disabilities in science and society at large.
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4. Mullard A. {{Fragile X drug development flounders}}. {Nat Rev Drug Discov};2016 (Feb 3);15(2):77.
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5. Schaefer GB. {{Clinical Genetic Aspects of ASD Spectrum Disorders}}. {Int J Mol Sci};2016;17(2)
Early presumptions opined that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was related to the rearing of these children by emotionally-distant mothers. Advances in the 1960s and 1970s clearly demonstrated the biologic basis of autism with a high heritability. Recent advances have demonstrated that specific etiologic factors in autism spectrum disorders can be identified in 30%-40% of cases. Based on early reports newer, emerging genomic technologies are likely to increase this diagnostic yield to over 50%. To date these investigations have focused on etiologic factors that are largely mono-factorial. The currently undiagnosed causes of ASDs will likely be found to have causes that are more complex. Epigenetic, multiple interacting loci, and four dimensional causes (with timing as a variable) are likely to be associated with the currently unidentifiable cases. Today, the « Why » is more important than ever. Understanding the causes of ASDs help inform families of important issues such as recurrence risk, prognosis, natural history, and predicting associated co-morbid medical conditions. In the current era of emerging efforts in « personalized medicine », identifying an etiology will be critical in identifying endo-phenotypic groups and individual variations that will allow for tailored treatment for persons with ASD.
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6. Wang J, Li X, Nong Z, Huang Y, Ling Z, Qin Y, Yang S, Zhang J. {{[Association between guardian’s first notice of autism symptom of children and time to seek medical care]}}. {Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi};2015 (Oct);36(10):1077-1080.
OBJECTIVE: To understand the symptoms of autism of children that caused the first notice of guardian, related risk factors and the influence on the time to seek medical care. METHODS: The children with autism aged <5 years were selected from autism rehabilitation centers in Wuhan, Changsha, Haikou, Liuzhou and Changsha between September 2012 and April 2014, and their guardians were retrospectively surveyed by using questionnaire. SPSS 13.0 software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 415 children with autism were included in the study. Including 355 boys (85.54%) and 60 girls (14.46%) , the sex ratio was 5.9 : 1. The most common concern of guardian were: language dysplasia (20.72%) ; ignoring of people or lack of interaction with others (18.55%) ; repeat and weird action pattern (14.94%). The age when the first symptom occurred, which causing guardians' concern, ranged from 8 months to 28 months, the time when guardian began to concern varied with symptom (chi(2)=46.64, P<0.000 1). Guardian's educational level, guardian's contact time with the children, guardian's intimate degree with the children, the age of guardian, family type and tie had no statistical association with the fist autism symptom that caused guardian's concern. The age of the children at first medical care seeking ranged from 10.5 months to 33 months, the time of the first medical care seeking varied with symptom (chi(2)=46.10, P<0.000 1). Up to 90.74% of the guardians delayed the medical care seeking of the children with autism, but the symptom specific differences in medical care delay had no statistical significance (chi(2)=9.46, P=0.579 6). CONCLUSION: The symptom of the children with autism causing guardian's first notice were mainly verbal communication barrier, social interaction barrier and restricted interests and behaviors. Guardian's educational level and intimate degree with children had no correlation with the symptom which caused guardian's first notice. The time when guardian began to concern and the time for children's medical care varied with guardian's first notice. Lien vers Pubmed
