Pubmed du 05/10/25
1. Grater LV, Callins KR. Expanding the Obstetric Care Conversation in Patients With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (Letter-to-the-Editor). Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2025.
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2. Mercier A, Koslouski J, Chafouleas S, Hall S, Richter CG. Defining and measuring emotional well-being in intellectual and developmental disabilities: A scoping review. Res Dev Disabil. 2025; 166: 105115.
OBJECTIVE: This review aimed to compile and report on existing emotional well-being (EWB) subjective report measures that have been developed, adapted, or validated on individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). METHOD: Following PRISMA guidelines, this review searched three databases using search terms related to EWB, IDD, and measurement. Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts, then reviewed the full texts to include articles that used an EWB-related measure, had an IDD sample, and reported psychometric evidence (% agreement = 97.41, k = 91.92). For each included article, two coders extracted data, and an item analysis was performed to identify EWB and non-EWB items included in each located measure. RESULTS: This review identified 33 articles and 20 subjective report measures that were developed, adapted, or validated for individuals with IDD. Most existing measures focus on quality of life rather than treating EWB as a distinct, stand-alone construct, and include only a few EWB items. The included measures were mostly validated on adults and older adults with mild to moderate ID and show varying psychometric evidence across and within measures. CONCLUSIONS: This review clarifies the current state of EWB measurement in individuals with IDD and provides an organized summary of existing EWB measures. These findings can guide the continued development of EWB research in the IDD population by identifying knowledge gaps and pointing to future directions. Findings also help inform the selection of subjective report measures for assessing EWB in individuals with IDD.
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3. Sazzed S. Psychosocial challenges and substance use among suicidal autistic individuals on social media: LLM-assisted keyword generation with human-in-the-loop refinement. Int J Med Inform. 2025; 205: 106110.
BACKGROUND: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with an elevated risk of suicidal ideation due to various co-occurring psychosocial challenges. Although these challenges are recognized, their extent and prevalence-particularly autism-specific difficulties and substance use patterns among individuals with ASD-remain largely unexplored, especially within social media health discussions, where individuals frequently express their thoughts and emotions. A comprehensive understanding of these aspects is essential to develop targeted prevention strategies that mitigate suicide risk among individuals with autism. OBJECTIVE: This study addresses this gap by examining the complex challenges contributing to suicidal ideation among individuals with ASD-including autism-specific factors and substance use patterns-through the lens of social media discourse. METHODS: We conducted a keyword-based analysis integrating large language models (LLMs) with human-in-the-loop refinement, focusing on three prominent categories of challenges: (i) interpersonal and social struggles, (ii) sensory and emotional regulation difficulties, and (iii) co-occurring mental health conditions. Keywords were generated by an LLM, validated by humans, and applied to analyze online health discourse to identify patterns and prevalence of these key challenges. A similar LLM-based approach was employed to assess substance use prevalence. RESULTS: The most prevalent challenges reported were mental health conditions (52.4 %; 95 % CI: [0.487, 0.561]) and social isolation (48.9 %; 95 % CI: [0.452, 0.526]). Less common but significant challenges included bullying (23.2 %; 95 % CI: [0.201, 0.263]) and issues with identity and self-acceptance (20.3 %; 95 % CI: [0.173, 0.233]). The strongest-but still weak-correlation was observed between social isolation and bullying. Additionally, substance use-including alcohol, cannabis, and prescription drug misuse-was also prevalent in this population. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the diverse characteristics and underlying factors contributing to suicidal ideation among individuals with ASD, including social isolation, bullying, autism-specific challenges, co-occurring mental health conditions, and substance use patterns. These findings emphasize the need for tailored mental health interventions, inform preventive strategies, and demonstrate the value of social media health data in advancing research in this area.
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4. Suprunowicz M, Wińska A, Oracz AJ, Modzelewski S, Konarzewska B, Waszkiewicz N. The role of neurotrophins in sensory processing in autism. Neuroscience. 2025.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by a wide range of symptoms, including altered sensory processing. Impaired perception and interpretation of sensory stimuli may result from abnormal neuroplasticity and disruptions in neurotrophin signaling. These phenomena play a crucial role in neuronal development and function. Elevated serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) have been reported in individuals with ASD, while concentrations of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5) appear unchanged. However, extant research has not yet examined the relationship between neurotrophin levels and sensory integration deficits, thus indicating a significant gap in the current body of knowledge. The heterogeneity of ASD, encompassing a broad spectrum of symptoms and neuroanatomical alterations, complicates the search for universal biomarkers. Consequently, an analysis of neurotrophin concentrations in relation to specific sensory disturbances and their severity may offer valuable insights. Modulation of neurotrophin signaling has emerged as a promising therapeutic avenue; however, its effectiveness in ASD remains unclear. A paucity of studies has evaluated the potential of neurotrophins as biomarkers for diagnosis or treatment monitoring. Nevertheless, recent advances in biotechnology-including gene therapy, pharmacological agents that enhance neurotrophin release, and non-invasive brain stimulation-offer the prospect of more effective and personalized interventions for ASD. Despite the nascent stage of research in this domain, these approaches hold considerable promise for future autism treatment.
