1. Batista IC, Gandolfi L, Nobrega YK, Almeida RC, Almeida LM, Campos Junior D, Pratesi R. {{Autism spectrum disorder and celiac disease: no evidence for a link}}. {Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria}. 2012 Jan;70(1):28-33.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possible association between celiac disease (CD) and/or gluten sensitivity (GS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHODS: Occurrences of CD were determined in a group of children and adolescents affected by ASD and, conversely, occurrences of ASD were assessed in a group of biopsy-proven celiac patients. To detect the possible existence of GS, the levels of antigliadin antibodies in ASD patients were assessed and compared with the levels in a group of non-celiac children. RESULTS: The prevalence of CD or GS in ASD patients was not greater than in groups originating from the same geographical area. Similarly the prevalence of ASD was not greater than in a group of biopsy-proven CD patients. CONCLUSION: No statistically demonstrable association was found between CD or GS and ASD. Consequently, routine screening for CD or GS in all patients with ASD is, at this moment, neither justified nor cost-effective.
2. Keintz KS, Miguel CF, Kao B, Finn HE. {{Using conditional discrimination training to produce emergent relations between coins and their values in children with autism}}. {Journal of applied behavior analysis}. 2011 Winter;44(4):909-13.
The current study evaluated the effects of conditional discrimination (listener) training with coins on the emergence of novel stimulus relations, textual behavior, tacts, and intraverbals. Two preschoolers with autism were taught 3 relations among coins, their names, and values. After initial training, 4 relations emerged for the first participant and 7 for the second participant, suggesting that this technology can be incorporated into educational curricula for teaching prerequisite money skills to children with autism.
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3. Kliebert ML, Tiger JH. {{Direct and distal effects of noncontingent juice on rumination exhibited by a child with autism}}. {Journal of applied behavior analysis}. 2011 Winter;44(4):955-9.
Previous research has demonstrated the efficacy of the noncontingent delivery of foods and liquids at suppressing rumination, the repeated regurgitation and rechewing of partially digested food. However, it is unclear how long this reduction is maintained after caregivers terminate this procedure. The current study examined the direct and distal effects of noncontingent juice on rumination by measuring the duration of rumination during juice delivery and immediately following the termination of juice delivery. Noncontingent juice suppressed rumination, but this suppression was not maintained after delivery termination.
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4. Plavnick JB, Ferreri SJ. {{Establishing verbal repertoires in children with autism using function-based video modeling}}. {Journal of applied behavior analysis}. 2011 Winter;44(4):747-66.
Previous research suggests that language-training procedures for children with autism might be enhanced following an assessment of conditions that evoke emerging verbal behavior. The present investigation examined a methodology to teach recognizable mands based on environmental variables known to evoke participants’ idiosyncratic communicative responses in the natural environment. An alternating treatments design was used during Experiment 1 to identify the variables that were functionally related to gestures emitted by 4 children with autism. Results showed that gestures functioned as requests for attention for 1 participant and as requests for assistance to obtain a preferred item or event for 3 participants. Video modeling was used during Experiment 2 to compare mand acquisition when video sequences were either related or unrelated to the results of the functional analysis. An alternating treatments within multiple probe design showed that participants repeatedly acquired mands during the function-based condition but not during the nonfunction-based condition. In addition, generalization of the response was observed during the former but not the latter condition.
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5. Russell G, Norwich B. {{Dilemmas, diagnosis and de-stigmatization: Parental perspectives on the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders}}. {Clinical child psychology and psychiatry}. 2012 Jan 3.
Many children who display autistic behaviours at clinical levels do not receive a formal diagnosis. This study used qualitative methods to examine parental influence in pursuing or avoiding a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim was to explore the function of ASD diagnosis for parents, and examine whether a diagnosis affected how parents perceived ASD. Seventeen parents participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed using thematic and grounded theory approaches. Data analysis revealed dilemmas faced by parents: whether to act to retain the ‘normal’ status of the child or to ‘normalize’ the child through diagnosis and subsequent remediation. Parents who had received an ASD diagnosis for their children became proactive in trying to reduce stigmatization of ASD more widely, and in some cases actively advocating ASD diagnosis to other parents. Thus their actions may make it more likely that others will opt for diagnosis in the future.
