Pubmed du 12/01/25
1. Bent C, Dwyer P, Hudry K. Optimal amount of support for young Autistic children depends on their individual and family needs. Evid Based Nurs;2025 (Jan 11)
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2. Dellazari L, de Bem É B, Falcão AB, Manjabosco FM, Sorato GB, Berto LF, Dantas VA, Da Rosa A, Graeff-Martins AS, Kieling RR, Salum Junior GA, Rohde LA, Caye A. Mind the gap: the inconceivable void on the epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders in Brazil. Braz J Psychiatry;2025 (Jan 11)
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3. Hector EC, Reich BJ, Eloyan A. Distributed model building and recursive integration for big spatial data modeling. Biometrics;2025 (Jan 7);81(1)
Motivated by the need for computationally tractable spatial methods in neuroimaging studies, we develop a distributed and integrated framework for estimation and inference of Gaussian process model parameters with ultra-high-dimensional likelihoods. We propose a shift in viewpoint from whole to local data perspectives that is rooted in distributed model building and integrated estimation and inference. The framework’s backbone is a computationally and statistically efficient integration procedure that simultaneously incorporates dependence within and between spatial resolutions in a recursively partitioned spatial domain. Statistical and computational properties of our distributed approach are investigated theoretically and in simulations. The proposed approach is used to extract new insights into autism spectrum disorder from the autism brain imaging data exchange.
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4. Lee H, Kim K, Kim H, Choi EK. Experiences of siblings of individuals with developmental disabilities: A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies. Disabil Health J;2024 (Dec 15):101770.
BACKGROUND: While the impact of developmental disabilities (DD) on the entire family is increasingly recognized, the experiences of typically developing (TD) siblings often remain overlooked. Recently, an understanding of siblings’ experiences has been developed through qualitative studies. OBJECTIVE: This review aims to synthesize existing qualitative evidence regarding the experiences of TD siblings of individuals with DD. METHODS: A systematic search across four databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) identified studies reporting empirical qualitative data on the experiences of TD siblings of adolescents and young adults with DD, including English studies from 2014 to 2023. A quality appraisal was performed using the Critical Appraisal Skill Programme (CASP) checklist. The data were synthesized using thematic synthesis. RESULTS: Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Six key themes and 13 subthemes were identified from the included articles. These themes included (i) encountered difficulties, (ii) intrapersonal response, (iii) interpersonal interaction, (iv) challenging family dynamics, (v) strategies and support, and (vi) accepting and adapting to my reality. CONCLUSIONS: This review synthesizes qualitative evidence on the experiences of TD siblings, highlighting how their situation shapes their lives. The findings suggest that TD siblings of individuals with DD experience difficulty due to their sibling’s disability. These experiences influence various aspects of their lives, including personal, school/work, and family dynamics, ultimately affecting TD siblings’ adaptation processes. Our findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions to support the psychological well-being of TD siblings of individuals with DD.
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5. Subhashree T, Yashoda R, Puranik MP. Effectiveness of visual pedagogy in improving toothbrushing skills, oral hygiene and gingival health among children with autism- A randomised controlled trial. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent;2024 (Oct 1);42(4):322-327.
BACKGROUND: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disability that diminishes social interactions and communication. Maintaining good oral hygiene in them is a significant task. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a toothbrushing visual pedagogy (TBVP) in improving brushing skills, oral hygiene, and gingival status among children with autism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted among 200 children with autism, aged 6-17 years. TBVP and conventional oral hygiene instructions were administered as an intervention in the test group (TBVP). The control group (oral health education [OHE]) received conventional oral hygiene instructions. Assessment of toothbrushing skills, plaque, and gingival status were carried out at baseline, 30-, 60-, and 90-days. The data were analyzed using t-tests in SPSS version 26 software at P < 0.05. RESULTS: At baseline, there was no significant difference between the groups in toothbrushing skills, plaque, and gingival scores. Postintervention, there was a significant improvement in the TBVP group compared to the OHE group. At 90 days, the mean toothbrushing scores of TBVP group were significantly higher (22.49 ± 6.70) than the OHE group (18.35 ± 6.82). Plaque scores were significantly lower (1.31 ± 0.48) in the TBVP group than the OHE group (1.47 ± 0.50). Gingival scores were significantly lower (1.38 ± 0.48) in the TBVP group than the OHE group (1.56 ± 0.51) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The TBVP was effective in improving the toothbrushing skills, oral hygiene, and gingival health of the children with autism. Hence, it can be used for behavioural guidance in toothbrushing for these children to maintain their oral hygiene.
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6. Wang LL, Gao Y, Yan C, Hu HX, Lui SSY, Wang Y, Chan RCK. Characterizing the Profile of Anhedonia in Individuals With Schizotypal Traits, Subthreshold Depression and Autistic Traits. Psych J;2025 (Jan 12)
Anhedonia is believed to be transdiagnostic symptom exist in various disorders including schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. However, very few studies attempted to profile subclinical samples with schizophrenia, depressive, and autistic symptoms using measures of anhedonia scales. This study adopted a cluster analytical approach to examine the anhedonia profile in 46 individuals with schizotypal trait (ST), 43 subthreshold depression (SD), 27 autistic trait (AT), and 41 healthy controls. They completed a set of checklists capturing different dimensions of anhedonia including the anticipatory and consummatory interpersonal pleasure scale, the temporal experience of pleasure scale, the motivation and pleasure scale and the belief about pleasure scale. Cluster analysis was conducted on these measures among the merged sample of ST, SD, and AT. To validate the clusters, we administered measures on nonsocial reward processing, self-reported empathy, and social functioning. A three-cluster solution was found to be the best fit. Cluster 1 (n = 48) showed high pleasure experience, motivation, and belief about pleasure and spread evenly across three groups. Cluster 2 (n = 31) was characterized by low levels of anticipatory and consummatory pleasure specifically for the social domain, largely comprised of individuals with ST. Cluster 3 (n = 37) showed low levels of consummatory pleasure, motivation, and belief about pleasure, largely comprised of individuals with SD. The resultant clusters differed in social process and functioning. The current findings suggested distinct anhedonia subtypes within different subclinical populations. These findings may have implications for early detection and prevention for anhedonia.
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7. Wang N, Wang G, Chen D. [Efficacy of acupuncture based on « gut-brain axis » combined with sensory integration training on autism spectrum disorder and its effect on gastrointestinal symptoms]. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu;2025 (Jan 12);45(1):36-40.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy of acupuncture based on « gut-brain axis » combined with sensory integration training in children with autism spectrum disorder (autism) and its effect on gastrointestinal symptoms. METHODS: A total of 96 children with autism were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 48 cases in each group, with 3 cases dropped out. Children in the control group received sensory integration training. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, children in the observation group received acupuncture therapy based on « gut-brain axis », and the point selection of scalp acupuncture was forehead five needles, i.e. bilateral Touwei (ST8), Toulinqi (GB15), Shenting (GV24) and Sishencong (EX-HN1), the point selection of body acupuncture was Zhongshu (GV7) and bilateral Tianshu (ST25), Pishu (BL20), Xinshu (BL15), Zusanli (ST36), Hegu (LI4), Taichong (LR3). Acupuncture was delivered once every other day, 3 times a week. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. Before and after treatment, the scores of autism behavior checklist (ABC), childhood autism rating scale (CARS), autism treatment evaluation checklist (ATEC) and gastrointestinal TCM symptoms, as well as the relative abundance of intestinal flora were compared, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated in the two groups. RESULTS: After treatment, the ABC and CARS scores were decreased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.001, P<0.05), and the ABC and CARS scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). After treatment, the item scores of language, sensory perception, sociability, behavior, and the total score of ATEC in the observation group were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.001, P<0.01), the item scores of language, sociability, behavior, and the total score of ATEC in the control group were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.001, P<0.05); the each-item and total scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of loose stool, stomach duct pain, stomach duct stuffiness, decreased appetite, and the total scores of gastrointestinal TCM symptoms were reduced compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P<0.001), and the above scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.001). After treatment, the relative abundance of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus was decreased compared with that before treatment in the two groups (P<0.001), and the above relative abundance in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.001); the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus was increased compared with that before treatment in the two groups (P<0.001), and the above relative abundance in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.001). The total effective rate was 88.9% (40/45) in the observation group, which was higher than 66.7% (30/45) in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: On the basis of sensory integration training, acupuncture based on "gut-brain axis" can improve the behavioral status and gastrointestinal symptoms, and correct the imbalance of intestinal flora in children with autism.
