1. Anagnostou E, Zwaigenbaum L, Szatmari P, Fombonne E, Fernandez BA, Woodbury-Smith M, Brian J, Bryson S, Smith IM, Drmic I, Buchanan JA, Roberts W, Scherer SW. {{Autism spectrum disorder: advances in evidence-based practice}}. {CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l’Association medicale canadienne}. 2014 Jan 13.
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2. Cavalari RN, Donovick PJ. {{Agenesis of the corpus callosum: symptoms consistent with developmental disability in two siblings}}. {Neurocase}. 2014 Jan 13.
Agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) is a congenital disorder that disrupts the development of neurological structures connecting the right and left hemispheres of the brain. In addition to neurological symptoms, many individuals with AgCC demonstrate marked deficits in social, communication, and adaptive skills. This paper presents two case studies of congenital AgCC in siblings with socioemotional and behavioral symptoms consistent with developmental disability, but with notably different symptom presentations and clinical needs. Conclusions from these cases suggest that unique symptom profiles of individuals with AgCC warrant careful consideration for referral to appropriate academic and habilitative services.
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3. Sterling L, Renno P, Storch EA, Ehrenreich-May J, Lewin AB, Arnold E, Lin E, Wood J. {{Validity of the Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale for youth with autism spectrum disorders}}. {Autism}. 2014 Jan 13.
High rates of anxiety and depression are reported among youth with autism spectrum disorders. These conditions are generally assessed using measures validated for typically developing youth. Few studies have investigated their validity for autism spectrum disorders, which is crucial for accurate assessment and the provision of proper treatment. The Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale was evaluated with 67 youth with autism spectrum disorders to examine its utility in measuring anxiety and depression in this population. Parents and children (aged 11-15 years) referred to a multisite intervention study completed the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale, Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children, Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule, Child Behavior Checklist, and Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale. Results suggest acceptable internal consistency of the Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale. Modest convergent validity was found among the Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale and other standardized measures of anxiety and depression. There were stronger correlations between Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale Total scores and subscales of measures expected to correlate significantly than those not expected to correlate. One exception was a significant association between the Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale and Child Behavior Checklist Attention subscale, calling into question the divergent validity in separating anxiety from attention problems. Overall, results suggest preliminary support for the Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale in youth with high-functioning autism spectrum disorders.
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4. Swettenham J, Remington A, Murphy P, Feuerstein M, Grim K, Lavie N. {{Seeing the Unseen: Autism Involves Reduced Susceptibility to Inattentional Blindness}}. {Neuropsychology}. 2014 Jan 13.
Objective: Attention research in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has produced conflicting results. Some findings demonstrate greater distractibility while others suggest superior focused attention. Applying Lavie’s load theory of attention to account for this discrepancy led us to hypothesize increased perceptual capacity in ASD. Preliminary support for our hypothesis has so far been found for adults with ASD with reaction time (RT) and signal detection sensitivity measures. Here we test the novel prediction we derived from this hypothesis that children with ASD should have lower rates of inattentional blindness than controls. Method: Twenty-four children with ASD (mean age = 10 years 10 months) and 39 typically developing children (age and IQ matched) took part in the study. We assessed the effects of perceptual load on the rates of inattentional blindness in each group. Participants performing a line discrimination task in either a high load or low load condition were presented with an unexpected extra stimulus on a critical trial. Performance on the line judgment task and rates of detection and stimulus identification were recorded. Results: Overall rates of detection and identification were higher in the ASD group than in the controls. Moreover, whereas both detection and identification rates were significantly lower in the high (compared with low) load conditions for the controls, these were unaffected by load in the ASD group. Conclusion: Reduced inattentional blindness rates under load in ASD suggests higher perceptual capacity is a core feature, present from childhood and leading to superior performance in various measures of perception and attention. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).
