1. Ameis SH, Kassee C, Corbett-Dick P, Cole L, Dadhwal S, Lai MC, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Correll CU. {{Systematic review and guide to management of core and psychiatric symptoms in youth with autism}}. {Acta Psychiatr Scand}. 2018.
OBJECTIVE: Evidence-based guidance of clinical decision-making for the management of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is lacking, particularly for co-occurring psychiatric symptoms. This review evaluates treatment evidence for six common symptom targets in children/adolescents with ASD and provides a resource to facilitate application of the evidence to clinical practice. METHOD: A systematic search identified randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and high-quality systematic reviews published between 2007 and 2016, focused on: social interaction/communication impairment, stereotypic/repetitive behaviours, irritability/agitation, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, mood or anxiety symptoms, and sleep difficulties. We then completed qualitative evaluation of high-quality systematic reviews/meta-analyses and quantitative evaluation of recently published RCTs not covered by prior comprehensive systematic reviews. RESULTS: Recently published RCTs focused on social interaction and communication impairment (trials = 32) using psychosocial interventions. Interventions for irritability/agitation (trials = 16) were mainly pharmacological. Few RCTs focused on other symptom targets (trials = 2-5/target). Integration of these results with our qualitative review indicated that few established treatment modalities exist, and available evidence is limited by small studies with high risk of bias. CONCLUSION: Given the current evidence-base, treatment targets must be clearly defined, and a systematic approach to intervention trials in children/adolescents with ASD must be undertaken with careful consideration of the limitations of safety/efficacy data.
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2. Hirsch MM, Deckmann I, Fontes-Dutra M, Bauer-Negrini G, Nunes GD, Nunes W, Rabelo B, Riesgo R, Margis R, Bambini-Junior V, Gottfried C. {{Data on social transmission of food preference in a model of autism induced by valproic acid and translational analysis of circulating microRNA}}. {Data in brief}. 2018; 18: 1433-40.
This article contains data of Social Transmission of Food Preference in an animal model of autism and the evaluation of a set of microRNA analyzed in autistic patients and animal model of autism. The analyses of the absolute consumption of two flavored food by male rats prenatally exposed to valproic acid (VPA) and treated with resveratrol (RSV), showed that VPA animals show a trend to eat less of the flavored food presented by a demonstrator rat. We also identified 13 microRNA with similar levels among rodents’ experimental groups, as well as 11 microRNA with no alterations between autistic and control subjects. Further evaluation of mechanisms of VPA and RSV actions on behavioral and molecular alterations can shed light in important biomarkers and etiological triggers of autistic spectrum disorders.
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3. Ayhan F, Konopka G. {{Genomics of autism spectrum disorder: approach to therapy}}. {F1000Research}. 2018; 7.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly prevalent neurodevelopmental condition with no current treatment available. Although advances in genetics and genomics have identified hundreds of genes associated with ASD, very little is known about the pathophysiology of ASD and the functional contribution of specific genes to ASD phenotypes. Improved understanding of the biological function of ASD-associated genes and how this heterogeneous group of genetic variants leads to the disease is needed in order to develop therapeutic strategies. Here, we review the current state of ASD research related to gene discovery and examples of emerging molecular mechanisms (protein translation and alternative splicing). In addition, we discuss how patient-derived three-dimensional brain organoids might provide an opportunity to model specific genetic variants in order to define molecular and cellular defects that could be amenable for developing and screening personalized therapies related to ASD.
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4. Khanlou N, Mantini A, Khan A, Degendorfer K, Zangeneh M. {{Protection of Privacy of Information Rights among Young Adults with Developmental Disabilities}}. {International journal of mental health and addiction}. 2018; 16(3): 545-72.
Protection of privacy of information for young adults with developmental disabilities and their families is essential to promote quality of life, well-being, empowerment, and inclusion. Despite this, the young adults’ information privacy rights are increasingly at risk. This paper provides a scoping review, applying Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) approach, of all published peer-reviewed journal articles and gray literature to examine the barriers and facilitators in utilization of legislation that protects the collection, use, disclosure, and access of personal information in Canada. The scoping review process was further expanded with a rigorous reliability method and applied a socio-ecological framework to the final 47 studies. National and international policy and legislation (macro level), organization-based factors (meso), young adults and community interactions (exo), and individual disability related factors (micro) are examined. The review identifies the barriers and highlights the importance of facilitators for acting on personal privacy rights.
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5. Ratcliff K, Hong I, Hilton C. {{Leisure Participation Patterns for School Age Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Findings from the 2016 National Survey of Children’s Health}}. {J Autism Dev Disord}. 2018.
Leisure activity participation is important for health and well-being. This study examined similarities and differences between typically developing children and those with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) from 6 to 17 years old in physical, recreational, social, skill, and jobs/chores activities from a large national database. Findings revealed that children with ASD had significantly lower participation levels than those without ASD between 11 and 17 years old. They suggest an increasing disparity among many types of leisure participation for children and youth with ASD as they age, eventually leading to limited participation in adult activities. They reinforce the importance of intervention at an early age to increase participation in these activities to promote development of skills that contribute to adult competencies.
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6. Naguy A, Alamiri B. {{Girls With Autism-Any Sex-Based Peculiarities?}}. {J Nerv Ment Dis}. 2018; 206(7): 579.
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7. Morgan J. {{Has autism found a place in mainstream TV?}}. {The Lancet Neurology}. 2018.
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8. McIntosh CE, Gundlach J, Brelage P, Snyder S. {{School Nurses Increasing the Compliance of Hygiene Routines for Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder}}. {NASN school nurse (Print)}. 2018: 1942602×18779412.
School nurses are essential healthcare providers to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In providing this care, school nurses may need to accommodate the unique challenges that children with ASD may face, including but not limited to sensory sensitivities, communicative and social difficulties, difficulties remembering event sequencing and directions, and poor time management skills. The aim of this article is to provide school nurses and healthcare providers evidence-based interventions and strategies that they may use to increase the compliance of hygiene behaviors and routines for children with ASD.
