1. Ptomey LT, Gibson CA, Willis EA, Taylor JM, Goetz JR, Sullivan DK, Donnelly JE. {{Parents’ perspective on weight management interventions for adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities}}. {Disabil Health J};2015 (Jul 23)
BACKGROUND: Adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) have high rates of obesity. However, little research has been conducted demonstrating effective strategies and barriers for weight loss or weight management in adolescents with IDD. Furthermore, parents play a large role in terms of weight management in children and adolescents with IDD, and their views should be taken into consideration when designing a diet and PA intervention for weight management. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study are to better understand the parents’ perspectives on the strategies and barriers for helping children and adolescents with IDD be successful in a weight management program and to identify how this information to guide future approaches. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 18 parents whose children had just finished a diet and PA intervention. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and thematic analysis was performed. RESULTS: Parents reported a positive attitude toward the program, liked the convenience of the program, and felt that they learned beneficial strategies to encourage healthy habits in the home. Parents found time to be a major barrier to supporting their child with a diet and PA intervention. Parents were willing to change their own dietary behaviors to help their children successfully follow a weight loss intervention; however, no parent reported changing their own PA levels. CONCLUSION: Future diet and PA studies should aim to reduce parental time commitment and increase importance of PA.
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2. Qin LY, Dai XF. {{[Effect of sulindac on improving autistic behaviors in rats]}}. {Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao};2015 (Aug 20);35(8):1162-1165.
OBJECTIVE: To test the effect of sulindac on autistic behaviors in a rat model and explore the possible mechanisms. METHODS: Autistic rat models were established by a single intraperitoneal injection of sodium valproate (VPA) at 12.5 days of pregnancy. The pregnant rats were treated with oral sulindac at a daily dose of 80 mg/kg until weaning of the newborn rats (23 days after being born), which were divided into control, VPA treatment, sulindac treatment, and VPA+ sulindac treatment groups. The social interaction and neuroethology of the newborn rats were evaluated at 35 days, and the levels of beta-catenin and phosphorylated Gsk3beta in the brain tissues were investigated by Western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with the control rats, the rats treated with VPA showed lower social interaction, longer moving time in central area, and reduced standing times. Treatment with sulindac alone resulted in no obvious changes in the social interaction or neuroethology of the newborn rats, but sulindac treatment corrected VPA-induced autistic-like behaviors. Sulindac also attenuated VPA-triggered p-Gsk3beta downregulation and beta-catenin upregulation in the prefrontal lobe, seahorse and cerebellum. CONCLUSION: ulindac can improve the behaviors of autistic rats possibly by suppressing Wnt signaling pathway.
