1. Chaminade T, Rosset D, Da Fonseca D, Hodgins JK, Deruelle C. {{Anthropomorphic bias found in typically developing children is not found in children with autistic spectrum disorder}}. {Autism};2013 (Dec 17)
The anthropomorphic bias describes the finding that the perceived naturalness of a biological motion decreases as the human-likeness of a computer-animated agent increases. To investigate the anthropomorphic bias in autistic children, human or cartoon characters were presented with biological and artificial motions side by side on a touchscreen. Children were required to touch one that would grow while the other would disappear, implicitly rewarding their choice. Only typically developing controls depicted the expected preference for biological motion when rendered with human, but not cartoon, characters. Despite performing the task to report a preference, children with autism depicted neither normal nor reversed anthropomorphic bias, suggesting that they are not sensitive to the congruence of form and motion information when observing computer-animated agents’ actions.
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2. Nishiyama T, Suzuki M, Adachi K, Sumi S, Okada K, Kishino H, Sakai S, Kamio Y, Kojima M, Suzuki S, Kanne SM. {{Comprehensive Comparison of Self-administered Questionnaires for Measuring Quantitative Autistic Traits in Adults}}. {J Autism Dev Disord};2013 (Dec 17)
We comprehensively compared all available questionnaires for measuring quantitative autistic traits (QATs) in terms of reliability and construct validity in 3,147 non-clinical and 60 clinical subjects with normal intelligence. We examined four full-length forms, the Subthreshold Autism Trait Questionnaire (SATQ), the Broader Autism Phenotype Questionnaire, the Social Responsiveness Scale2-Adult Self report (SRS2-AS), and the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ). The SRS2-AS and the AQ each had several short forms that we also examined, bringing the total to 11 forms. Though all QAT questionnaires showed acceptable levels of test-retest reliability, the AQ and SRS2-AS, including their short forms, exhibited poor internal consistency and discriminant validity, respectively. The SATQ excelled in terms of classical test theory and due to its short length.
