Pubmed du 20/04/25
1. Bauer Estrada K, Conde-Martínez N, Acosta-González A, Díaz-Barrera LE, Rodríguez-Castaño GP, Quintanilla-Carvajal MX. Synbiotics of encapsulated Limosilactobacillus fermentum K73 promotes in vitro favorable gut microbiota shifts and enhances short-chain fatty acid production in fecal samples of children with autism spectrum disorder. Food Res Int;2025 (May);209:116227.
Modulation of the gut microbiota has emerged as a promising approach for addressing the gastrointestinal and neurodevelopmental symptoms associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of four formulated synbiotics comprising Limoscilactobacillus fermentum K73, high-oleic palm oil and whey, on the gut microbiota composition of Colombian children with and without ASD. These components were encapsulated through high-shear emulsification and spray drying. The four synbiotics and their individual components were subjected to in vitro digestion and fermentation using samples of Colombian children gut microbiota. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including lactic, acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, were quantified using HPLC-DAD, while serotonin was determined by an ELISA kit after in vitro fermentations. Changes in microbial structure were assessed by the sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene via next-generation sequencing (NGS). The results revealed a decrease in the abundance of genera like Bacteroides and Dorea in ASD-associated samples after the treatment with the synbiotics. Conversely, an increase in the relative abundance of probiotic-related genera, including Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, and Anaerostipes, was observed. Furthermore, the analysis of SCFAs and serotonin indicated that the synbiotic intervention resulted in an elevated butyric acid and microbial serotonin synthesis, alongside a decrease in propionic acid, which is changes considered beneficial in the context of ASD. This evidence suggests that synbiotics of L. fermentum K73 could represent a promising live biotherapeutic strategy for modulating the gut microbiota of children with ASD.
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2. Doherty M. My autistic meltdown: the impact of autistic sensory needs. Lancet;2025 (Apr 19);405(10487):1332-1333.
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3. Ganggayah MD, Zhao D, Liew EJY, Mohd Nor NA, Paramasivam T, Lee YY, Abu Hasan NI, Shaharuddin S. Accelerating autism spectrum disorder care: A rapid review of data science applications in diagnosis and intervention. Asian J Psychiatr;2025 (Apr 13);108:104498.
Integrating data science techniques, including machine learning, natural language processing, and big data analytics, has revolutionized the diagnosis and intervention landscape for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This rapid review examines these approaches’ current applications, benefits, limitations, and ethical considerations while identifying key research gaps and future directions. Data-driven methodologies offer significant advantages, such as enhanced diagnostic accuracy, personalized interventions, and increased accessibility, particularly in resource-limited settings. However, challenges like data quality, algorithmic bias, and interpretability hinder widespread implementation. Additionally, ethical concerns regarding privacy, consent, and equity necessitate careful navigation. Despite these advancements, substantial research gaps remain, including the lack of diverse datasets, limited longitudinal studies, and insufficient generalizability across populations. Future studies must prioritize addressing these gaps by fostering collaboration, ensuring ethical transparency, and developing inclusive, scalable solutions to improve patient outcomes. This review underscores the transformative potential of data science in accelerating ASD care while emphasizing the need for continued innovation and responsible application.
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4. Krawczyk M, Pinkham A, Golec-Staśkiewicz K, Wysocka J, Okruszek Ł. Recognizing communicative intentions from single- and dyadic point light displays in autistic adults. Soc Neurosci;2025 (Apr 20):1-13.
The present study compares the ability of non-autistic (NA) and autistic adults (ASD) with intellectual functioning in the normal range to process communicative intentions from biological motion (BM) – a capacity often considered as a prerequisite for a higher-order social cognition (SC). Twenty-nine ASD and 29 NA completed two tasks assessing the ability to recognize the communicative cues presented by either one or two point-light agents, as well as one point-light emotion recognition task and additional measures of SC abilities. Autistic participants demonstrated a decreased ability to recognize communicative intentions from BM (p = 0.02 for dyadic and p = 0.03 for single agent task) despite similar levels of neurocognitive and social cognitive functioning. Additional exploratory analyses revealed an indirect trajectory linking the capacity to recognize communication from BM with autism symptoms through social cognitive capacity. Autistic adults may experience difficulties in processing communicative intentions, even in the absence of detectable higher-order SC problems. A possible mechanism might be the engagement in compensatory strategies that are inadequate for detecting lower-order intuitive social cues. Therefore, including tasks that assess the ability to detect communicative cues from BM may be beneficial for autistic adults with high cognitive abilities, in whom SC difficulties might be overlooked.
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5. Montagni E, Ambrosone M, Martello A, Curti L, Polverini F, Baroncelli L, Mannaioni G, Pavone FS, Masi A, Allegra Mascaro AL. Age-dependent cortical overconnectivity in Shank3 mice is reversed by anesthesia. Transl Psychiatry;2025 (Apr 19);15(1):154.
Growing evidence points to brain network dysfunction as a central neurobiological basis for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). As a result, studies on Functional Connectivity (FC) have become pivotal for understanding the large-scale network alterations associated with ASD. Despite ASD being a neurodevelopmental disorder, and FC being significantly influenced by the brain state, existing FC studies in mouse models predominantly focus on adult subjects under anesthesia. The differential impact of anesthesia and age on cortical functional networks in ASD subjects remains unexplored. To fill this gap, we conducted a longitudinal evaluation of FC across three brain states and three ages in the Shank3b mouse model of autism. We utilized wide-field calcium imaging to monitor cortical activity in Shank3b(+/-) and Shank3b(+/+) mice from late development (P45) through adulthood (P90), and isoflurane anesthesia to manipulate the brain state. Our findings reveal that network hyperconnectivity, emerging from the barrel-field cortices during the juvenile stage, progressively expands to encompass the entire dorsal cortex in adult Shank3b(+/-) mice. Notably, the severity of FC imbalance is highly dependent on the brain state: global network alterations are more pronounced in the awake state and are strongly reduced under anesthesia. These results underscore the crucial role of anesthesia in detecting autism-related FC alterations and identify a significant network of early cortical dysfunction associated with autism. This network represents a potential target for non-invasive translational treatments.
