Pubmed du 20/08/23
1. Bitter I, Czobor P, Kakuszi B, Réthelyi J. [Psychiatric disorders are associated with high mortality rates: somatic comorbidity and mortality in autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia]. Orv Hetil;2023 (Aug 20);164(33):1287-1293.
A significant proportion of the high mortality associated with psychiatric illness is due to premature death in comorbidity with somatic illness, and to a lesser extent suicide and accidents. In our literature review, we demonstrate that the risk of mortality for individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia is more than twice of that of controls. With respect to schizophrenia diagnosis, national data from Hungary are available, and consistent with the international data show an increased risk of mortality. In Hungary, the mortality risk of persons with a diagnosis of schizophrenia is about 2.4 times higher than that of controls matched by age, sex and postcode. In particular, the risk of dying from schizophrenia is increased among young people (7-10 times) and we highlight that although the risk of death in schizophrenia is higher for men than for women, the risk of dying from schizophrenia for women diagnosed with schizophrenia is higher than for men compared to the female control group (relative risk). Considering the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, an important prerequisite for improving the national mortality rates recorded for somatic illnesses is the early diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric illnesses comorbid with somatic illnesses. The data presented here can help to support the reforms needed in medical education and training and in the organization of health care to reduce mortality. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(33): 1287-1293.
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2. Chen HB, Warrington R, Mandy W, Yang F, Tang Y, Yang JJ, Li A, Lin YQ, Xu MZ, Jia FJ, Hou CL. Validation of the developmental, dimensional and diagnostic interview -short version (3Di-sv) for diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in Chinese children. Asian J Psychiatr;2023 (Aug 11);88:103733.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric features of the Chinese version of the developmental dimensional diagnostic interview-short version (3Di-sv). A total sample of 138 children including 79 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and 59 typically developing children completed the 3Di-sv interview. The Chinese version of the 3Di-sv has a good internal consistency (0.94). Test-retest analysis confirmed the instrument’s time stability (0.89). The instrument’s concurrent validity with the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and clinical diagnosis was verified; the correlation between total scores was 0.72, 0.82 and 0.90, respectively. The 3Di-sv significantly distinguished between autistic children and non-autistic children in every area of autism symptoms. Optimal cutoffs were derived using receiver operating characteristics curves. Using clinical diagnosis as criterion, overall sensitivity was 98 % and specificity was 90 %. The study determined that the Chinese version of 3Di-sv can well distinguish autistic children from typically developing children.
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3. Kéri S. Autism and Religion. Children (Basel);2023 (Aug 20);10(8)
The disease burden of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a definitive public health challenge. The quality of life of children with ASD depends on how the cultural environment fits their special needs, including religious and spiritual factors. Does ASD predict low religiosity, and if not, what is the significance for clinical care? To answer this question, we reviewed the literature on the cognitive models of ASD and religious beliefs. We found that the cognitive models of ASD and religious beliefs substantially overlap, which is particularly important from a developmental psychological perspective. These models include Theory of Mind and intentionality, the « broken mirror » hypothesis, central coherence, and the intense world theory. We dispute the assumption that individuals with ASD are inherently less religious and spiritual than the neurotypical population. Religiosity is possibly expressed differently in ASD with unique spiritual experiences and beliefs (« gifted, visionary, and truth-seeker »). In some circumstances, a religious background can be helpful for both children with ASD and their caregivers. These circumstances should not be neglected, and clinicians are encouraged to consider patients’ religious context, resources, and needs.
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4. Ros-DeMarize R, Klein J, Carpenter LA. Behavioral Parent Training Engagement Among Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Behav Ther;2023 (Sep);54(5):892-901.
The purpose of the current study was to examine engagement with Behavioral Parent Training (BPT) for families of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and assess openness to novel delivery formats for BPT (e.g., telehealth, group). Participants were caregivers of 501 children with ASD (ages 2-6) enrolled in the SPARK (Simons Foundation Powering Autism Research for Knowledge) online national registry. The study assessed: (1) rates of child disruptive behavior diagnoses, (2) engagement and satisfaction with BPT, (3) parent and child factors (e.g., diagnostic history), and (4) openness to novel delivery formats. Almost 25% of young children with ASD in this sample had disruptive behavior problems rising to the level of a diagnosis of ADHD or ODD and thus would benefit from BPT. However, only one third of these families had actually been referred to BPT. Families indicated high level of interest in participating in BPT, with a particular interest in Parent Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) as well as novel delivery formats such as telehealth and group. Specific components of the therapy and delivery formats were indicative of parent satisfaction (e.g. groups, longer treatment sessions, longer treatment length). Specific parent and child characteristics were predictive of openness to novel formats (e.g. parental depression, more severe behavioral challenges, lower verbal skills). Results underscore the need for increased referrals and access to BPT programs the ASD population. Both parent and child characteristics are important for determining appropriate delivery formats.
