Pubmed du 28/02/21
1. Joga-Elvira L, Jacas C, Joga ML, Roche-Martínez A, Brun-Gasca C. Fragile X syndrome in young females : Influence of executive function on the neurocognitive profile and adaptive behavior. Res Dev Disabil. 2021 ; 112 : 103912.
INTRODUCTION : The aim of this study is to describe the relationship between executive function (EF) and performance in different areas of the neurocognitive profile in young girls with Fragile-X-Syndrome (FXS). METHOD : A neuropsychological assessment was carried out to 40 female participants aged 7-16 years (26 FXS, 14 control group). RESULTS : Regarding intellectual ability, in the group of girls with FXS 3.84 % of the participants obtained IQ scores in the range of moderate ID (IQ 35-40 to 49), 46.15 % in the range of mild ID (IQ 50-70), 38.46 % in the borderline range (IQ 70-85), and 11.53 % within the average range (IQ > 85). EF was found to have a greater influence on adaptive behavior, arithmetic ability, theory of mind, leadership, social integration, social competence, and anxiety/shyness in the group with FXS. CONCLUSIONS : In girls with FXS, EF showed a greater influence on adaptive behavior, arithmetic ability, and social domain.
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2. Lacruz-Pérez I, Sanz-Cervera P, Pastor-Cerezuela G, Gómez-Marí I, Tárraga-Mínguez R. Is It Possible to Educate, Intervene or « Cure » Autism Spectrum Disorder ? A Content Analysis of YouTube Videos. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 ; 18(5).
YouTube is one of the most well-known and widely accessed websites worldwide, thus having a powerful pedagogical potential. Nonetheless, the quality and the veracity of some YouTube videos are questionable. Doubts regarding the trustworthiness of factual content is a controversial factor that needs to be taken into account, especially when addressing public health issues. For this reason, the main objective of this work is to analyze the content of the most viewed videos in Spanish on YouTube related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To carry out this research, the terms « autism AND education », « autism AND intervention », and « autism AND cure » were used (in Spanish). The analysis of these searches results indicated that videos included in the « cure » category are shorter, and less valued by internet users, obtaining the lowest ratings on the « Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool » for audiovisual materials (PEMAT-A/V), in addition to present therapies that are in fact more harmful than videos in other categories. In general, videos containing recommendations for therapies that are harmful are the ones that have received most views, along with the videos that include alternative non-harmful therapies. Practical implications of these findings and recommendations for further research are discussed.
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3. Lee CE, Hagiwara M, Black H. A scoping review of cross-cultural experiences of siblings of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities in the United States. Res Dev Disabil. 2021 ; 112 : 103916.
BACKGROUND : Siblings undergo unique experiences in growing up with brothers and sisters with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Although sibling relationships or adjustments among individuals with IDD have received greater attention from the disability field, there has been still less attention to how cultural identities (e.g., race, ethnicity) may influence experiences of siblings of individuals with IDD. AIM : This study used scoping review methodology to understand cross-cultural experiences of siblings of individuals with IDD in the United States. METHOD : Eight articles met inclusion criteria, using the PubMed, Web of Knowledge, PsycINFO, and ERIC databases. RESULTS : Studies reported the impact of cultural identities on sibling emotional and behavioral functioning, school functioning, and caregiving responsibilities. CONCLUSIONS : The need for culturally responsive sibling interventions and implications for international contexts is discussed.
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4. Nuñez A, Le Roy C, Coelho-Medeiros ME, López-Espejo M. Factors affecting the behavior of children with ASD during the first outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology. 2021 : 1-4.
AIM AND METHODS : Cross-sectional data from 118 Chilean children with ASD collected during the pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 were evaluated to analyze predictors of behavioral problem impairment. RESULTS : Forty-five percent of parents stated that their children’s behavioral difficulties increased in intensity or frequency. The adjusted predictors were having a family member hospitalized with COVID-19 (OR = 4.11 ; 95% CI = 1.53-11.1) and parents’ mental health disorders during the pandemic (OR = 2.43 ; 95% CI = 1.01-5.83). CONCLUSION : Potentially modifiable psychosocial factors affecting children’s behavior should be considered in a possible second outbreak.
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5. Perochon S, Di Martino M, Aiello R, Baker J, Carpenter K, Chang Z, Compton S, Davis N, Eichner B, Espinosa S, Flowers J, Franz L, Gagliano M, Harris A, Howard J, Kollins SH, Perrin EM, Raj P, Spanos M, Walter B, Sapiro G, Dawson G. A scalable computational approach to assessing response to name in toddlers with autism. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2021.
BACKGROUND : This study is part of a larger research program focused on developing objective, scalable tools for digital behavioral phenotyping. We evaluated whether a digital app delivered on a smartphone or tablet using computer vision analysis (CVA) can elicit and accurately measure one of the most common early autism symptoms, namely failure to respond to a name call. METHODS : During a pediatric primary care well-child visit, 910 toddlers, 17-37 months old, were administered an app on an iPhone or iPad consisting of brief movies during which the child’s name was called three times by an examiner standing behind them. Thirty-seven toddlers were subsequently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Name calls and children’s behavior were recorded by the camera embedded in the device, and children’s head turns were coded by both CVA and a human. RESULTS : CVA coding of response to name was found to be comparable to human coding. Based on CVA, children with ASD responded to their name significantly less frequently than children without ASD. CVA also revealed that children with ASD who did orient to their name exhibited a longer latency before turning their head. Combining information about both the frequency and the delay in response to name improved the ability to distinguish toddlers with and without ASD. CONCLUSIONS : A digital app delivered on an iPhone or iPad in real-world settings using computer vision analysis to quantify behavior can reliably detect a key early autism symptom-failure to respond to name. Moreover, the higher resolution offered by CVA identified a delay in head turn in toddlers with ASD who did respond to their name. Digital phenotyping is a promising methodology for early assessment of ASD symptoms.
