1. Accordino RE, Lucarelli J, Yan AC. {{Cutaneous Disease in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review}}. {Pediatr Dermatol};2015 (Mar 30)
Dermatologic comorbid symptoms and conditions in persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are compelling for several reasons, including problems with tactile sensory dysfunction in this population, a large number of syndromes with dermatologic findings and high rates of autism, nutritional and hormonal problems in ASD and their dermatologic manifestations, and the potential for overrepresentation of dermatologic symptoms that are neurobehavioral in nature. The current article reviews the available literature on the prevalence of comorbid dermatologic symptoms and conditions in children with ASD and identifies strategies for diagnosing and managing cutaneous disease in this population.
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2. Greven CU, van der Meer JM, Hartman CA, Lappenschaar MG, Buitelaar JK, Rommelse NN. {{Do High and Low Extremes of ADHD and ASD Trait Continua Represent Maladaptive Behavioral and Cognitive Outcomes? A Population-Based Study}}. {J Atten Disord};2015 (Mar 30)
OBJECTIVE: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are thought to reflect the high, symptomatic extreme of quantitative trait continua. However, extreme deviations in either direction on disorder continua, high and low, may both represent maladaptive behavioral and cognitive outcomes. We aimed to test this hypothesis. METHOD: In a population sample of 378 children, ADHD and ASD traits were rated by parents on questionnaires that provide resolution at high and low extremes of the ADHD and ASD trait continua. ADHD and ASD traits were related to parent-ratings of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems and tests of cognitive functioning using polynomial regression. RESULTS: The low ends of the ADHD and ASD trait continua were related to fewer behavior problems and better cognitive functioning than symptomatic ends. CONCLUSION: Studying the correlates of the low continuum ends may deepen our understanding of the mechanisms underlying adaptive behavioral and cognitive outcomes.
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3. Kasari C, Gulsrud A, Paparella T, Hellemann G, Berry K. {{Randomized Comparative Efficacy Study of Parent-Mediated Interventions for Toddlers With Autism}}. {J Consult Clin Psychol};2015 (Mar 30)
OBJECTIVE: This study compared effects of two parent-mediated interventions on joint engagement outcomes as augmentations of an early intervention program for toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). METHOD: Participants included 86 toddlers (range 22-36 months) with ASD and their primary caregiver. Caregiver-child dyads were randomized to receive 10 weeks of hands-on parent training in a naturalistic, developmental behavioral intervention (joint attention, symbolic play, engagement and regulation-JASPER) or a parent-only psychoeducational intervention (PEI). Dose was controlled in terms of researcher-parent contact and early intervention services received by the child. RESULTS: Results yielded significant effects of the JASPER intervention on the primary outcome of joint engagement. The treatment effect was large (Cohen’s f2 = .69) and maintained over the 6-month follow-up. JASPER effects were also found on secondary outcomes of play diversity, highest play level achieved, and generalization to the child’s classroom for child-initiated joint engagement. The PEI intervention was found to be effective in reducing parenting stress associated with child characteristics. All secondary effects were generally small to moderate. CONCLUSIONS: These data highlight the benefit of a brief, targeted, parent-mediated intervention on child outcomes. Future studies may consider the combination of JASPER and PEI treatments for optimal parent and child outcomes. Trial registry no. NCT00999778. (PsycINFO Database Record
