Pubmed (TDAH) du 09/01/26
1. Gao Y, Chen G, Wang J, Yang C, Yang R, Jiang K. The role of executive function for differentiating symptoms of ADHD in preschoolers. BMC Pediatr;2026 (Jan 8)
Lien vers le texte intégral (Open Access ou abonnement)
2. Israeli A, Mezer E. Association between eye disorders and the development of ADHD/ADD: a nationwide retrospective cohort study. Eye (Lond);2026 (Jan 9)
OBJECTIVES: To study and assess the association of various eye disorders with the development of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD/ADD). METHODS: A nationwide, retrospective cohort-study, utilising anonymised electronic medical records (EMR) data on all insured individuals aged 5-30 in Maccabi Health Services (MHS), the second largest health maintenance organisation in Israel, during 2010-2022. RESULTS: The final analysis included 665,121 individuals from an initial cohort of 1,686,128 after applying selection criteria and propensity score matching. Of these, 68,976 (10.4%) developed ADHD/ADD. ADHD/ADD was more common and developed faster in those with eye disorders (HR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.38-1.42 and 4.5 versus 4.9 years, p < 0.001, respectively). All evaluated eye disorders served as significant risk factors (strabismus: HR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.49-1.80; hyperopia: HR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.47-1.56; astigmatism: HR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.48-1.56; amblyopia: HR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.27-1.54; myopia: HR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.28-1.33). Similar findings were evident when assessing combinations of eye disorders. These associations were far more pronounced in females and the paediatric population (p < 0.001 and p = 0.044, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Eye disorders serve as risk factors for the development of ADHD/ADD, particularly in females and in the paediatric population.
Lien vers le texte intégral (Open Access ou abonnement)
3. Lin J, Zhou Y, Xie T, Zhang J, Chen Z, Chang Z, Wang Y, Snieder H, Thio CHL, Hartman CA. Identification of Mediating Pathways Between Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure: A Two-Step Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study. Twin Res Hum Genet;2026 (Jan 9):1-9.
Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, whether this is a causal relation and how ADHD may predispose to a higher risk of CVD needs to be determined. We aimed to assess the causal association between ADHD and both coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF), and to quantify the mediating effects of potential modifiable mediators. We conducted a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study using SNPs as genetic instruments for exposure and potential mediators. Leveraging summary data on the latest genomewide association studies for ADHD, proposed mediators (i.e., metabolic factors, inflammatory factors, lifestyle behaviors, psychiatric disorders, and educational attainment), CAD and HF, we decomposed the total effect of ADHD on each outcome into direct and indirect effects through multiple mediators. Genetically predicted ADHD was associated with increased odds of CAD (OR 1.13; 95% CI [1.07, 1.19]), with educational attainment (EA) being the largest contributor (32.27% mediation, 95% CI [18.33%, 56.93%]). Body mass index (BMI), type 2 diabetes (T2D), EA, smoking initiation (SI), and depression jointly explained 83.59% (95% CI [63.95%, 101.49%]) of the association. Genetically predicted ADHD was associated with increased odds of HF (OR 1.11; 95% CI [1.05, 1.19]), with SI being the largest contributor (35.87% mediation, 95% CI [13.75%, 100.14%]). BMI, T2D, and SI jointly explained 82.39% (95% CI [45.90%, 131.60%]) of the association. The findings support a causal relationship between ADHD and both CAD and HF. Several modifiable risk factors substantially mediate these associations, suggesting potential targets for interventions aimed at reducing CVD risk in individuals with ADHD.
Lien vers le texte intégral (Open Access ou abonnement)
4. Shan S, Swaminathan K, Vivek K, Haridoss S. Developmental Disturbances of Teeth in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent;2025 (Nov);18(Suppl 1):S80-s85.
PURPOSE: Developmental disturbances of teeth in children with neurodevelopmental disorders like autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can significantly impact their oral health. Children with these disorders show behavior and cognitive impairment. Both the disorders are associated with environmental, genetic, and systemic factors that can impact odontogenesis. Although dental anomalies have been reported in children with neurodevelopmental disorders, the frequency and distribution of these disturbances remain insufficiently studied in children with ASD and ADHD, especially in comparison to their neurotypical peers. The study aims to determine and compare the frequency and distribution of developmental dental disturbances in children with ASD and ADHD and neurotypical children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 673 children in Chennai, aged 3-13, were included in this cross-sectional study. Demographic data and oral examinations were recorded after obtaining informed consent. Statistical analysis included Chi-squared test. A p -value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Children with ASD and ADHD had a significantly higher prevalence of developmental disturbances of teeth (51.6%) compared to controls (22.6%). Anomalies such as hypodontia, peg-shaped laterals, talon’s cusp, and enamel hypoplasia had higher prevalence in the case group than in the control group. CONCLUSION: Developmental dental abnormalities are more prevalent in children with ASD and ADHD than in neurotypical peers. These findings emphasize the need for early dental screening and interdisciplinary management to address systemic, genetic, and environmental factors influencing odontogenesis. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Shan S, Swaminathan K, Vivek K, et al. Developmental Disturbances of Teeth in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(S-1):S80-S85.
Lien vers le texte intégral (Open Access ou abonnement)
5. Xu KY, Pappas LM, Brown TR, Jansen MO, Tardelli VS, Fidalgo TM, Levin FR, Grucza RA, Suarez EA, Smid MC, Horns JJ, Bruno AM. Psychostimulant Continuation and Postpartum Mental Health in Pregnant People With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Obstet Gynecol;2026 (Jan 8)
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between psychostimulant continuation, compared with discontinuation, and postpartum mental health outcomes in pregnant people with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who had consistent psychostimulant prescriptions before pregnancy. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study that used the Merative MarketScan Commercial Claims Database (2011-2021). Included individuals were aged 13-50 years with singleton pregnancies, had delivered at or after 20 weeks of gestation, and had an ADHD diagnosis and psychostimulant adherence. Psychostimulant use during pregnancy was classified as no refills, the proportion of days covered below 80%, or the proportion of days covered at or above 80%. The primary outcomes were mental health events that occurred within 1 year postpartum, such as emergency department or inpatient mental health-related admissions, and new diagnoses of mood or anxiety disorders. Adjusted event rate ratios were estimated using Poisson regression, controlling for maternal age, gestational age at delivery, maternal comorbidities, and preexisting mental health diagnoses. RESULTS: Among 3,676 eligible patients, 1,521 (41.4%) had no psychostimulant prescriptions during pregnancy (discontinued), 1,899 (51.7%) had a proportion of days covered below 80%, and 256 (7.0%) maintained a proportion of days covered at or above 80%. Overall, 3.3% (95% CI, 2.7-4.0%) experienced postpartum mental health-related admissions and 16.2% (95% CI, 14.6-18.0%) received new postpartum mood or anxiety disorder diagnoses. Although unadjusted analyses suggested a higher incidence of postpartum mood or anxiety disorders among patients continuing psychostimulants than those who discontinued (19.3% vs 12.8%; rate ratio 1.46, 95% CI, 1.17-1.83), this association was no longer observed after controlling for confounders. In adjusted analyses, continuation of psychostimulants during pregnancy was not associated with differences in postpartum mental health-related admissions (rate ratio 1.01, 95% CI, 0.59-1.71) or new mood or anxiety disorder diagnoses (rate ratio 1.30, 95% CI, 0.97-1.74). Preexisting mental health diagnoses (rate ratio 2.60, 95% CI, 1.76-3.90) and medical comorbidities (rate ratio 1.98, 95% CI, 1.33-2.93) were the strongest predictors of postpartum admissions. CONCLUSION: Among individuals with ADHD adherent to psychostimulants before pregnancy, the continuation of medication during pregnancy was not associated with adverse postpartum mental health outcomes when compared with discontinuation of medication.
