Pubmed (TDAH) du 26/04/26
1. Blanco-Martínez N, Carballo-Afonso R, Estévez-Agudo J, Ayán-Pérez C, Diz-Gómez JC. Physical Fitness Profiles Among Children and Adolescents With ADHD and ASD: A Comparison With Typically Developing Peers. Autism Res. 2026: e70261.
Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often present physical and motor challenges that may compromise health, yet direct comparisons between these neurodevelopmental conditions and typically developing (TD) peers remain limited. This study aimed to examine the physical fitness profiles of these three groups. A total of 1537 school-aged participants were recruited from mainstream educational settings. The assessment included selected tests from the EUROFIT battery and body mass index (BMI). Composite indices of physical fitness and motor coordination were computed using age- and sex-adjusted Z-scores. Both the ADHD (n = 80) and ASD (n = 36) groups showed significantly lower cardiorespiratory fitness, balance, and upper-body coordination compared with TD peers (n = 1413). Lower-body muscular strength was reduced only in the ASD group, which also performed worse than the ADHD group. Flexibility and BMI distributions did not differ significantly across groups. Plate Tapping and Flamingo Balance test indices were markedly lower in both clinical groups relative to TD peers. Children and adolescents with ADHD and ASD had lower physical fitness than TD peers. Direct comparisons between ADHD and ASD revealed generally similar profiles, except for lower muscular strength in ASD. These findings highlight the need for early screening and tailored interventions to support healthier developmental trajectories and enhance functional outcomes in neurodevelopmental populations. Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often experience physical and coordination difficulties compared with their typically developing peers. In this school‐based study, both groups showed lower cardiorespiratory fitness, balance, and coordination, while children with ASD also had reduced leg strength. These findings highlight the importance of early identification and school‐based physical activity programs to support health, daily functioning, and long‐term well‐being in neurodevelopmental populations. eng.
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2. Demirci B, Bıkmazer A, Görmez V. Irritability as a Mediator Between Sensory Processing Sensitivity, Theory of Mind, and Behavioral Problems in Children and Adolescents with ADHD. Psychiatr Q. 2026.
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3. Shang J, Cui H, Shu C, Zheng L, Liu F, Peng Y, Wei Z, Ni X, Liu J. Comprehensive overview of triclosan neurotoxicity and construction of adverse outcome pathways using a systems toxicology approach: Triclosan-induced attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder as an example. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2026; 316: 120169.
Triclosan (TCS) is widely applied to daily necessities as a chemical bacteriostatic agent. Environmental TCS levels have increased significantly following the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, posing a potential threat to humans and ecosystems. Epidemiological investigations and toxicological studies have shown that long-term TCS exposure can damage human tissues and organs and induce neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring. However, studies on the mechanisms underlying its neurotoxicity and toxicity risk assessments are limited. This review summarizes the status of environmental and human TCS exposure and systematically outlines its neurotoxic effects. To further elucidate the mechanisms underlying TCS neurotoxicity, using TCS-induced attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as an example, we constructed an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework based on a systematic toxicology approach. We found that TCS increased the expression of cannabinoid receptor 1, which activates the « neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction » pathway, leading to ADHD-like behaviors, including cognitive, learning, and memory deficits, by modulating chemical synaptic transmission and neurotransmitter levels. The AOP framework was further used to assess the associated neurodevelopmental toxicity risks of TCS, contributing to a better understanding of its characteristics and safety. Thus, future research on the mechanisms underlying TCS toxicity and issues related to its detection and regulation should be emphasized.
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4. Thomas KS, Cooper K, Jones CRG. The Role of Self-Concept Clarity in the Relations Between Disordered Eating, Gender Diversity, and Autistic and ADHD Traits. Arch Sex Behav. 2026.
Self-concept clarity, the degree to which an individual has a well-defined and stable sense of self, is a well-documented factor in mental health conditions, particularly eating disorders. Difficulties with self-concept clarity are also reported among gender diverse and neurodivergent people, who are overrepresented in eating disorder populations. This cross-sectional study examined associations between self-concept clarity (Self-Concept Clarity Scale), autistic traits (Autism Spectrum Quotient), ADHD traits (Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale), gender diversity (Gender Self-Report), and disordered eating, a pattern of atypical eating behaviors and attitudes including food restriction and binge eating (Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire). Gender diversity was assessed as binary (identity opposite to sex assigned at birth) and nonbinary traits (identity neither female nor male). Participants were 492 UK adults (324 assigned female at birth; 98.6% cisgender, 1.2% trans/gender diverse, 0.2% preferred not to say; M age = 41.44 years, SD = 13.11) recruited online. Correlational and path analysis investigated direct and indirect relations between gender diversity, neurodivergent traits, and disordered eating through self-concept clarity. Autistic traits were indirectly related to disordered eating through self-concept clarity, while ADHD traits showed both direct and indirect associations. Greater binary and nonbinary gender diverse traits were correlated with higher levels of disordered eating but were no longer significantly related once neurodivergent traits, age, and sex assigned at birth were controlled. Findings suggest low self-concept clarity may provide a mechanism for increased disordered eating in individuals with higher levels of neurodivergent traits, but not among those with gender diverse traits when covariates are considered.
