Pubmed (TDAH) du 29/03/26
1. Hsu JW, Lin WC, Chen LC, Bai YM, Tsai SJ, Chen MH. Effect of appetite hormone dysregulation on symptom trajectory in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: an exploratory prospective study. World J Biol Psychiatry;2026 (Mar 29):1-8.
BACKGROUND: Cross-sectional studies have reported an association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and appetite hormone dysregulation. However, the association of appetite hormones with symptom trajectory in adolescents with ADHD remains uncertain. METHODS: The present study included 32 adolescents with ADHD and 26 neurotypical adolescents. Appetite hormones (insulin, leptin, adiponectin, and ghrelin) were measured at baseline and at the third-year follow-up. RESULTS: Generalised linear models adjusted for demographic characteristics and ADHD medication use revealed that adiponectin levels significantly decreased over time in adolescents with ADHD compared with the levels in neurotypical adolescents (p = .003). However, changes in insulin, leptin, and ghrelin levels did not differ significantly between the two groups. In the ADHD group, changes in adiponectin level were negatively associated with changes in Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, Version IV inattention scores (B = -1.72, p = .018) and Child Behaviour Checklist Dysregulation Profile scores (B = -3.00, p = .015) after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and ADHD medication use. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that a greater reduction in adiponectin level over time is associated with worse attentional and emotional dysregulation symptoms. Our findings may inform innovative adiponectin-focused strategies for patients with ADHD.
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2. Igarashi A, Nishigaki N, Kawakita Y, Tsujii N. Socioeconomic burden of adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Japan: a nationwide cross-sectional observational study. BMC Psychiatry;2026 (Mar 28)
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3. Price T, Bommersbach TJ, Saliba M, Kelly CK, LeMahieu A, Tarikogullari I, Sharma P, Abulseoud OA, Romanowicz M. A Retrospective Study of Long-Term Associations of Behavioral Intervention Combined with Medications in Young Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol;2026 (Mar 28):10445463261426290.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine whether parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT), compared with other therapy modalities, was associated with differences in substance use and psychiatric outcomes in a cohort of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted using medical record data from the Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP). The sample included 643 children aged ≤7 years who were diagnosed with ADHD and received either stimulant or nonstimulant medication, along with psychosocial therapy. Participants were categorized into two groups: those who documented exposure to PCIT versus other therapy modalities such as behavioral management, play therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, parent management training, occupational therapy, speech therapy, parenting class, applied behavior analysis, and social skills training. Conditional logistic regression models were used to examine differences in baseline characteristics and outcomes between the two treatment groups. RESULTS: Individuals in the PCIT group were more likely to have private insurance (66% vs. 57%; p = 0.016) and to fall into higher socioeconomic status quartiles (p = 0.024) at baseline. PCIT recipients also had a higher prevalence of emotional and behavioral disturbances at baseline (40% vs. 25%; p < 0.001). The median age of the participants at follow-up was 19.6 years, indicating a median follow-up period of approximately 13 years from the initiation of treatment. At follow-up, the PCIT group demonstrated higher rates of problematic alcohol (24% vs. 17%; HR = 1.50, 95% CI: [1.02, 2.20]; p = 0.038) and cannabis use (25% vs. 18%; HR = 1.48, 95% CI: [1.03, 2.15]; p = 0.037). However, after controlling for covariates in the adjusted model, no statistically significant differences emerged between the groups across any substance use outcome. No significant differences were observed in other psychiatric diagnoses or mental health service utilization. CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that individuals who documented exposure to PCIT demonstrated elevated rates of alcohol and cannabis use in young adulthood, but had no other differences in psychiatric outcomes. While this aligns with prior literature reporting increased substance use risk in ADHD populations, our study cannot confirm this association relative to non-ADHD controls because such a comparison was not included.These associations likely reflect underlying differences in clinical severity and clinical comorbidities at baseline, rather than a direct effect of PCIT. Further investigation is warranted to determine the treatment effects based on baseline risk factors.
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4. Rivas-García M, Vidal-Ramírez C, Mora-Traverso M, Toledano-González A, Rodríguez-Martínez MDC, Molina-Torres E, Marín-Marín JA, Triviño-Juárez JM, Gea-Mejías M, Romero-Ayuso D. A multi‑stakeholder preliminary needs assessment to inform the co‑design of a digital telerehabilitation tool for children and adolescents with ADHD. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol;2026 (Mar 29):1-21.
PURPOSE: This study presents a preliminary multi‑stakeholder needs assessment to inform the subsequent co‑design of a digital telerehabilitation tool aimed at supporting organisation, planning, and prospective memory in children and adolescents with ADHD. The primary outcome was to identify functional challenges, environmental determinants, and user‑reported priorities across stakeholder groups. The secondary outcome was to translate these needs into preliminary design requirements and guiding principles for future co‑design phases. METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted using focus groups guided by the CFIR framework, involving 49 participants: children and adolescents with ADHD, caregivers, occupational therapists, and educational professionals. Data were analysed through deductive thematic coding and inductive grounded‑theory synthesis. Matrix mappings and Sankey diagrams were used to visualise convergence and divergence across stakeholder perspectives. RESULTS: Three cross‑cutting priority areas emerged: (1) emotional self‑regulation, (2) autonomy in daily routines through customisable reminders and supports, and (3) psychoeducation for families and educators. Children emphasised reminders, prospective‑memory support, privacy control, and motivational feedback. Educators highlighted the need for training and classroom‑based co‑regulation strategies. Occupational therapists emphasised ecological, participation‑oriented interventions. Caregivers reported emotional burden, concerns about independence, and a need for accessible psychoeducational resources. CONCLUSIONS: This needs assessment provides a structured, replicable foundation for the co‑design of a digital telerehabilitation tool for ADHD, integrating emotional, functional, and educational dimensions. Future research should evaluate the feasibility, usability, and the impact of the resulting prototype on autonomy, participation, and family dynamics. The study proposes a reproducible, collaborative model for designing digital telerehabilitation that address three key priorities: emotional self-regulation, independence in daily routines, and psychoeducation for families and educators.Children and adolescents emphasised the need for customisable reminders, privacy controls, and motivational feedback.The results highlight the systemic impact of ADHD and the importance of family-centred support in digital health solutions for their rehabilitation.Professionals underscored the importance of ecological interventions and the development of self-regulation skills. eng
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5. Svedell LA, Holmqvist KL, Msghina M, Lindvall MA. Physical exercise and body awareness/movement quality in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Results from the START randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Med;2026 (Mar 26);98:103372.
BACKGROUND: Adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often experience difficulties regulating emotions and balancing activity and rest. Impairments such as motor skills challenges and reduced body awareness, including interpretation of sensory signals and attitudes toward the body, often receive little clinical attention despite their potential negative impact on daily functioning and health. The START intervention is a 12-week structured exercise program that combines regular physical exercise with mindful attention to the body during movement. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the START intervention on body awareness and movement quality in adults with ADHD. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 63 adults with ADHD were assessed for body awareness and movement quality before and after a 12-week intervention or treatment-as-usual control period using the Body Awareness Scale – Movement Quality and Experience. RESULTS: Thirty-nine participants completed the study (26 intervention/13 control). Participants in the intervention group showed significantly greater improvement in body awareness compared to the control group, both in total score and in subscales for muscular tension and physical activity. Movement quality improved significantly within the intervention group, although no significant between-group differences were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Structured physical exercise with mindful attention to the body enhanced body awareness in adults with ADHD compared to standard care. Effects on movement quality were not statistically different between groups and therefore remain uncertain. These findings suggest that such exercise may be a useful complement to conventional treatments and may support a healthier relationship with the body.
