Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders – 4-2 – Juin 2017
1. Probst KM, Borders CM. Comorbid Deafblindness and Autism Spectrum Disorder-Characteristics, Differential Diagnosis, and Possible Interventions. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2017 ; 4(2) : 95-117.
As the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) increases, so has the escalation of the diagnosis of ASD individuals with deafblindness (DB). This literature review examines the characteristics of individuals with DB and those with ASD, overlapping characteristics of the two disorders, intervention practices used in each field, evidence-based practices (EBPs) used in each field, possibilities for differential educational diagnosis of comorbid DB and ASD, and educational implications.
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2. Butchart M, Long JJ, Brown M, McMillan A, Bain J, Karatzias T. Autism and Visual Impairment : a Review of the Literature. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2017 ; 4(2) : 118-31.
Purpose This review presents the evidence on the prevalence of visual impairments in children and adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and the similar behavioural traits associated with both visual impairment and autism. Method A systematic literature review was conducted using online databases. Results Seven studies explored the incidence of visual impairments in people with ASD and found a higher incidence of strabismus (squint) (8.3%) than in a comparable child population (1.5 to 5.3%). Eleven studies identified behavioural traits common to both autistic and visually impaired populations. The majority were small-scale screening studies using varied methodologies, constituting an emerging field of research. Conclusion Further large-scale, multicentre studies are required to accurately identify prevalence rates of ophthalmic conditions in people with ASD. There is a small but evolving evidence base that establishes behavioural and linguistic traits common to both visual impairment and autism.
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3. Yee T, Magill-Evans J, Zwaigenbaum L, Sacrey LAR, Askari S, Anaby D. Participation Measures for Preschool Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder : a Scoping Review. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2017 ; 4(2) : 132-41.
The purpose of this scoping review was to identify participation measures for preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A comprehensive search strategy was employed across several electronic databases with hand searching of reference lists. Seven measures of participation were identified ; five measures had standardization samples that included preschool children with ASD and three provided both validity and reliability data. Each assessment reported psychometric properties and covered a range of developmentally appropriate activities and environments. Parents and professionals can use the identified participation measures to describe participation challenges that exist. However, professionals may need to elicit additional information regarding the impact of repetitive and restrictive interests, interpersonal abilities and novel environments on participation to capture the core challenges of ASD.
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4. Matheson BE, Douglas JM. Overweight and Obesity in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) : a Critical Review Investigating the Etiology, Development, and Maintenance of this Relationship. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2017 ; 4(2) : 142-56.
Pediatric obesity is associated with negative health and psychosocial consequences. However, obesity may not uniformly affect all populations. Limited research has investigated the factors that contribute to the incidence and persistence of overweight and obesity among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This review systematically examined the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity among children with ASD. The majority of studies suggest that children with ASD may be at a greater risk for excess weight gain compared to typically developing peers. Additionally, this review investigated potential contributing factors to the etiology and maintenance of obesity within this population. Research should continue to investigate excess weight gain in this population in order to adapt weight loss interventions for children with ASD.
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5. Alnemary FM, Alnemary FM, Alamri YA. Autism Research : Where Does the Arab World Stand ?. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2017 ; 4(2) : 157-64.
This review presents an examination of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) research in the Arab world. A total of 142 publications were identified, spanning a period from 1992 to January 2014. The average number of country-specific publications per year is 5.7 articles. Most publications were produced by Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Oman over the last few years-these addressed research areas related biology, risk factors, and diagnosis. Over a third of the publications included funding acknowledgments while several were published in journals with an impact factor >= 5.0. These findings suggest that ASD in the Arab world is a young but rapidly growing field. The status of the field is presented, and implications for the future are provided.
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6. Rashid M, Hodgetts S, Nicholas D. Building Employers’ Capacity to Support Vocational Opportunities for Adults with Developmental Disabilities. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 2017 ; 4(2) : 165-73.
Significant research exists on the benefits and potential challenges of employing individuals with developmental disabilities (DD), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Most of this research has focused on employment preparation and attainment practices targeted at persons with DD. There has been no knowledge synthesis related to building employer capacity. This synthesis review identifies studies that focus on perspectives of services and supports to help build employers’ capacity to support vocational opportunities for adults with DD. A total of 15 studies met our inclusion criteria. Findings from this study illustrated that involvement of support workers’ was viewed as the main strategy for building employer capacity. In addition, disability awareness training and education and acknowledgment of psychosocial benefits associated with of employing individuals with disabilities were identified as supports. Employer concerns related to employees with disabilities were also identified.
