Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders – 7-3 – September 2020
1. Kamara D, Beauchaine TP. A Review of Sleep Disturbances among Infants and Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders ;2020 (2020/09/01) ;7(3):278-294.
Sleep problems are common among children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). We review sleep disturbance in three major NDDs : autism spectrum disorder, Down syndrome, and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). We review associations with functional impairment, discuss how patterns of sleep disturbance inform understanding of etiology, and theorize about mechanisms of impairment. Sleep disturbance is a transdiagnostic feature of NDDs. Caregivers report high rates of sleep problems, including difficulty falling or staying asleep. Polysomnography data reveal differences in sleep architecture and increased rates of sleep disorders. Sleep disturbance is associated with functional impairment and stress among families. Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms of impairment and develop more effective interventions. Despite significant sleep disturbance in FASD, limited research is available.
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2. Lichtlé J, Downes N, Engelberg A, Cappe E. The Effects of Parent Training Programs on the Quality of Life and Stress Levels of Parents Raising a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder : a Systematic Review of the Literature. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders ;2020 (2020/09/01) ;7(3):242-262.
Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk higher levels of stress and a lower quality of life compared to parents of typically developing children. Few parent training programs focus on parenting outcomes, and few authors evaluate the implementation fidelity of their program. A systematic review was conducted to target studies assessing the effects of group training programs on the stress levels or quality of life of parents of children with ASD as well as the implementation fidelity. A total of 12 studies were identified. Findings suggest that mindfulness could be a promising parent training tool to improve the well-being of parents of children with ASD.
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3. Liu J, Amat M, Song R, Kong X. Missing Components in Current Management of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) : Nutrition, Dental Care, and House-Call Programs. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders ;2020 (2020/09/01) ;7(3):219-225.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder and systemic disease with multiple comorbidities and largely fragmented clinical care. In this article, we discuss three important components frequently missing from the current ASD standard care routine : oral health, nutrition, and house-call programs. Both ASD centers associated with tertiary-care hospitals and community ASD providers do not regularly offer these services. In this review, we address the benefits of and rationale behind incorporating dental care, nutrition, and house-call programs into ASD management. We also explain why these three services are closely intertwined, with potentially synergistic effects to improve health care outcomes for patients with ASD. Finally, we discuss strategies for service implementation and envision ways in which these three branches of ASD care can be best integrated into a primary care routine.
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4. Mann LE, Travers JC. A Systematic Review of Interventions to Address Inappropriate Masturbation for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder or Other Developmental Disabilities. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders ;2020 (2020/09/01) ;7(3):205-218.
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder and other developmental disabilities (ASD/DD) may engage in socially inappropriate masturbation that puts them or others at risk for harm. This may lead professionals, parents, and other stakeholders to intervene in ways that suppress safe, socially appropriate, and gratifying masturbation. Single case experimental intervention research may support prevention of inappropriate masturbation as well as increasing access to specialized instruction for safe and socially appropriate masturbation by individuals with ASD/DD. We conducted a systematic literature review of single case experimental interventions research focused on inappropriate masturbation by individuals with ASD/DD. We found limited experimental studies published over the past 40 years. Various approaches were used to reduce inappropriate masturbation and/or increase appropriate masturbation. Relatively few studies included methods to prevent inappropriate masturbation, and a majority of studies used multi-faceted interventions. We also found a reduction in the use of punishment procedures over time. Studies were subjected to quality appraisal using What Works Clearinghouse standards and revealed relatively few studies of high methodological rigor. Implications for research and practice are discussed in light of the limited evidence and ethical considerations.
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5. McCormack G, Dillon AC, Healy O, Walsh C, Lydon S. Primary Care Physicians’ Knowledge of Autism and Evidence-Based Interventions for Autism : A Systematic Review. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders ;2020 (2020/09/01) ;7(3):226-241.
Given the increasing prevalence of autism and the importance of early intervention, it is imperative that primary care physicians (PCPs) have a thorough knowledge of autism in order to offer families appropriate guidance and support. This study comprised a systematic review of research assessing PCPs’ knowledge of autism and evidence-based interventions for individuals with autism. Results indicated that PCPs in a majority of studies had inadequate knowledge of autism and its associated treatments. A variety of variables were associated with PCPs’ knowledge including personal experiences with autism, continuing medical education on autism, and years of clinical experience. Results are discussed with regard to their implications for further education in autism for PCPs and future research.
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6. Sullivan OA, Wang C. Autism Spectrum Disorder Interventions in Mainland China : a Systematic Review. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders ;2020 (2020/09/01) ;7(3):263-277.
Research on effective interventions for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has historically been focused on Western populations and little is known in China. This literature review sought to determine the current state of ASD intervention research in mainland China, with respect to the evidence-based practice (EBP) movement in the treatment of ASD. A methodical search process of refereed articles yielded 33 studies from 2003 through August 2018 meeting the selection criteria for inclusion and analysis. The majority of articles (76%) used either a true EBP or an idiosyncratic behavior intervention package (IBIP) including at least one EBP to treat ASD. The total number of articles, and the number of articles testing IBIPs, has risen sharply in the past few years. Of studies testing true EBPs, the most popular EBP (n = 3) was parent-implemented intervention. All studies, regardless of the type of intervention, only included children or young adolescents. Although more definitive conclusions cannot be drawn without a meta-analysis of the literature, parent-implemented intervention of established interventions for ASD appears to be a promising route for mainland China until resources are more sufficient throughout the country, as these can be both evidence-based and culturally competent. Future research should include a meta-analysis of interventions for ASD in mainland China, as well as more rigorous testing of true EBPs and IBIPs that truly meet the needs of autistic individuals in China.
