Dépouillements

Improving the assertive conversational skills of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder in a natural context / Linda M. BAMBARA in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 48 (April 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 48 (April 2018) . - p.1-16 Titre : Improving the assertive conversational skills of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder in a natural context Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Linda M. BAMBARA, Auteur ; Christine L. COLE, Auteur ; Jacqueline CHOVANES, Auteur ; Alana TELESFORD, Auteur ; Amanda THOMAS, Auteur ; Shu-Chen TSAI, Auteur ; Elizabeth AYAD, Auteur ; Irem BILGILI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-16 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Peer-mediated intervention  Autism  Adolescents  High-school  Conversation skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background With the increased demand for social conversation in high school settings, difficulties with pragmatics, or the use of language in social situations, can leave adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) socially isolated from their peers. Extending previous research, this study examined the effects of a multicomponent peer-mediated intervention (PMI) implemented during lunch on improving the assertive conversational skills (initiating, asking follow-up questions, and commenting) of four passive communicators with ASD. Method A nonconcurrent multiple baseline design across participants was used to evaluate the combined effects of peer training and focus student instruction on the use of text cues for improving conversation with trained network peers. Text cues for initiations were faded, and probes for generalization with novel peers were made. Results Results revealed increases in the adolescents’ ability to initiate, ask-follow-up questions, participate more in conversation acts, and engage in longer on-topic conversations with trained peers. Total assertive acts, including the use of comments to maintain conversation, substantially increased for three of the four adolescents at rates comparable to their peers. Conversational gains generalized in probes with novel peers and social validity measures attested to the intervention acceptability and conversation quality. Conclusions This study provides additional evidence that PMI can be structured to produce robust changes in the conversational skills of adolescents with ASD in a natural social context. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340 [article] Improving the assertive conversational skills of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder in a natural context [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Linda M. BAMBARA, Auteur ; Christine L. COLE, Auteur ; Jacqueline CHOVANES, Auteur ; Alana TELESFORD, Auteur ; Amanda THOMAS, Auteur ; Shu-Chen TSAI, Auteur ; Elizabeth AYAD, Auteur ; Irem BILGILI, Auteur . - p.1-16. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 48 (April 2018) . - p.1-16 Mots-clés : Peer-mediated intervention  Autism  Adolescents  High-school  Conversation skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background With the increased demand for social conversation in high school settings, difficulties with pragmatics, or the use of language in social situations, can leave adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) socially isolated from their peers. Extending previous research, this study examined the effects of a multicomponent peer-mediated intervention (PMI) implemented during lunch on improving the assertive conversational skills (initiating, asking follow-up questions, and commenting) of four passive communicators with ASD. Method A nonconcurrent multiple baseline design across participants was used to evaluate the combined effects of peer training and focus student instruction on the use of text cues for improving conversation with trained network peers. Text cues for initiations were faded, and probes for generalization with novel peers were made. Results Results revealed increases in the adolescents’ ability to initiate, ask-follow-up questions, participate more in conversation acts, and engage in longer on-topic conversations with trained peers. Total assertive acts, including the use of comments to maintain conversation, substantially increased for three of the four adolescents at rates comparable to their peers. Conversational gains generalized in probes with novel peers and social validity measures attested to the intervention acceptability and conversation quality. Conclusions This study provides additional evidence that PMI can be structured to produce robust changes in the conversational skills of adolescents with ASD in a natural social context. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.002 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340

A systematic review of factors related to parents’ treatment decisions for their children with autism spectrum disorders / Meghan WILSON in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 48 (April 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 48 (April 2018) . - p.17-35 Titre : A systematic review of factors related to parents’ treatment decisions for their children with autism spectrum disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Meghan WILSON, Auteur ; David HAMILTON, Auteur ; Thomas WHELAN, Auteur ; Pamela PILKINGTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.17-35 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  ASD  Treatment decisions  Parents  Systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background There are many treatment options for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Misinformation and easy access to ineffective treatments complicates the decision-making process for parents. Research on implicit factors (e.g., parent or child characteristics) and declared factors (e.g., parent-reported reasons) contributes to an understanding of what influences these decisions. Method The aim of this systematic review was to examine the significance of factors associated with treatment selection. The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA protocol. Results The search revealed 51 studies which contained data on implicit and/or declared factors associated with treatment selection. The data were tabulated by factor and synthesised. The severity of a child’s behavioural problems, parental stress, and parent beliefs about ASD were consistently identified as implicit factors associated with the use of particular treatments. A wide range of reasons for treatment choices were declared by parent respondents, including; the individual needs of their child, recommendations from others, practical reasons (e.g., cost), child age, hope for recovery, hope for improvement, and concerns about side-effects. Conclusion A better understanding of these factors will inform targeted educational approaches which encourage evidence-based practice and a more informed view of treatments not yet supported by research. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340 [article] A systematic review of factors related to parents’ treatment decisions for their children with autism spectrum disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Meghan WILSON, Auteur ; David HAMILTON, Auteur ; Thomas WHELAN, Auteur ; Pamela PILKINGTON, Auteur . - p.17-35. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 48 (April 2018) . - p.17-35 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  ASD  Treatment decisions  Parents  Systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background There are many treatment options for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Misinformation and easy access to ineffective treatments complicates the decision-making process for parents. Research on implicit factors (e.g., parent or child characteristics) and declared factors (e.g., parent-reported reasons) contributes to an understanding of what influences these decisions. Method The aim of this systematic review was to examine the significance of factors associated with treatment selection. The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA protocol. Results The search revealed 51 studies which contained data on implicit and/or declared factors associated with treatment selection. The data were tabulated by factor and synthesised. The severity of a child’s behavioural problems, parental stress, and parent beliefs about ASD were consistently identified as implicit factors associated with the use of particular treatments. A wide range of reasons for treatment choices were declared by parent respondents, including; the individual needs of their child, recommendations from others, practical reasons (e.g., cost), child age, hope for recovery, hope for improvement, and concerns about side-effects. Conclusion A better understanding of these factors will inform targeted educational approaches which encourage evidence-based practice and a more informed view of treatments not yet supported by research. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340

A qualitative study exploring the attitudes toward prenatal genetic testing for autism spectrum disorders among parents of affected children in Taiwan / Shixi ZHAO in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 48 (April 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 48 (April 2018) . - p.36-43 Titre : A qualitative study exploring the attitudes toward prenatal genetic testing for autism spectrum disorders among parents of affected children in Taiwan Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Shixi ZHAO, Auteur ; Chen-Hui WANG, Auteur ; Tse-Yang HUANG, Auteur ; Yann-Jang CHEN, Auteur ; Ching-Hua HSIAO, Auteur ; Chie-Chien TSENG, Auteur ; Lei XU, Auteur ; Lei-Shih CHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.36-43 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Parents  Prenatal genetic testing  Abortion  Taiwan Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Prenatal genetic testing (PGT) for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) raises more complex ethical, legal, and social implications in Taiwan than in Western countries due to policy-related, practical, cultural, and familial reasons. This first qualitative study examines attitudes towards PGT for ASD among Taiwanese parents of children with ASD – an elevated risk group for having another affected child, and one that is mostly likely to be impacted by PGT for ASD. Methods We conducted in-depth, face-to-face, individual, semi-structured interviews with 39 parents of children with ASD from various ASD organizations in Taiwan. Results Most parents favored PGT for ASD mainly for terminating the affected pregnancy and receiving early intervention and treatment. Less than one-third of participants was against PGT for ASD due to perceived no value for this testing, contradiction with religion and/or personal beliefs, doubt of the test’s accuracy, or concerns about the negative consequences of the testing. Conclusion The majority of Taiwanese parents of children with ASD in this study supported PGT for ASD. Guidelines and regulations should be developed to regulate the provision and quality of this testing. Genetic counseling should also be recommended to parents of children with ASD in Taiwan. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340 [article] A qualitative study exploring the attitudes toward prenatal genetic testing for autism spectrum disorders among parents of affected children in Taiwan [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Shixi ZHAO, Auteur ; Chen-Hui WANG, Auteur ; Tse-Yang HUANG, Auteur ; Yann-Jang CHEN, Auteur ; Ching-Hua HSIAO, Auteur ; Chie-Chien TSENG, Auteur ; Lei XU, Auteur ; Lei-Shih CHEN, Auteur . - p.36-43. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 48 (April 2018) . - p.36-43 Mots-clés : Autism  Parents  Prenatal genetic testing  Abortion  Taiwan Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Prenatal genetic testing (PGT) for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) raises more complex ethical, legal, and social implications in Taiwan than in Western countries due to policy-related, practical, cultural, and familial reasons. This first qualitative study examines attitudes towards PGT for ASD among Taiwanese parents of children with ASD – an elevated risk group for having another affected child, and one that is mostly likely to be impacted by PGT for ASD. Methods We conducted in-depth, face-to-face, individual, semi-structured interviews with 39 parents of children with ASD from various ASD organizations in Taiwan. Results Most parents favored PGT for ASD mainly for terminating the affected pregnancy and receiving early intervention and treatment. Less than one-third of participants was against PGT for ASD due to perceived no value for this testing, contradiction with religion and/or personal beliefs, doubt of the test’s accuracy, or concerns about the negative consequences of the testing. Conclusion The majority of Taiwanese parents of children with ASD in this study supported PGT for ASD. Guidelines and regulations should be developed to regulate the provision and quality of this testing. Genetic counseling should also be recommended to parents of children with ASD in Taiwan. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.006 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340

Self-stigma among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder / Kevin Ka Shing CHAN in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 48 (April 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 48 (April 2018) . - p.44-52 Titre : Self-stigma among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kevin Ka Shing CHAN, Auteur ; Chun Bun LAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.44-52 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Stigma  Autism  Life satisfaction  Depression  Caregiving gain  Caregiving burden Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) vary in not only the extent to which they endorse their self-stigmatizing thoughts, referred to as self-stigma “content”, but also the extent to which they think about their self-stigmatizing thoughts repetitively and automatically as a mental habit, referred to as self-stigma “process”. Existing measures of self-stigma, however, focus almost solely on self-stigma content. No measures are available for assessing self-stigma process among parents of children with ASD. The present study examined the psychometric properties of a recently developed measure of self-stigma process, the Self-Stigmatizing Thinking’s Automaticity and Repetition Scale (STARS), among parents of children with ASD. Method Cross-sectional, questionnaire data were collected from 424 parents of children with ASD residing in Hong Kong, China. Results Confirmatory factor analyses supported the originally proposed, two-factor model of the STARS. The entire scale, as well as its two subscales, had excellent internal consistency. The STARS demonstrated construct validity by being correlated with self-stigma content. It also showed criterion validity by being correlated with mental health (as indicated by life satisfaction and depression) and caregiving experiences (as indicated by caregiving gain and caregiving burden). Furthermore, the STARS exhibited incremental validity by explaining life satisfaction, depression, caregiving gain, and caregiving burden, even after adjusting for self-stigma content. Conclusions Our findings provided evidence for the reliability, and the factorial, construct, criterion, and incremental validity, of the STARS among parents of children with ASD. Our findings highlighted the content-process distinction of self-stigma, and provided important insights on the design of effective anti-self-stigma interventions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340 [article] Self-stigma among parents of children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kevin Ka Shing CHAN, Auteur ; Chun Bun LAM, Auteur . - p.44-52. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 48 (April 2018) . - p.44-52 Mots-clés : Stigma  Autism  Life satisfaction  Depression  Caregiving gain  Caregiving burden Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) vary in not only the extent to which they endorse their self-stigmatizing thoughts, referred to as self-stigma “content”, but also the extent to which they think about their self-stigmatizing thoughts repetitively and automatically as a mental habit, referred to as self-stigma “process”. Existing measures of self-stigma, however, focus almost solely on self-stigma content. No measures are available for assessing self-stigma process among parents of children with ASD. The present study examined the psychometric properties of a recently developed measure of self-stigma process, the Self-Stigmatizing Thinking’s Automaticity and Repetition Scale (STARS), among parents of children with ASD. Method Cross-sectional, questionnaire data were collected from 424 parents of children with ASD residing in Hong Kong, China. Results Confirmatory factor analyses supported the originally proposed, two-factor model of the STARS. The entire scale, as well as its two subscales, had excellent internal consistency. The STARS demonstrated construct validity by being correlated with self-stigma content. It also showed criterion validity by being correlated with mental health (as indicated by life satisfaction and depression) and caregiving experiences (as indicated by caregiving gain and caregiving burden). Furthermore, the STARS exhibited incremental validity by explaining life satisfaction, depression, caregiving gain, and caregiving burden, even after adjusting for self-stigma content. Conclusions Our findings provided evidence for the reliability, and the factorial, construct, criterion, and incremental validity, of the STARS among parents of children with ASD. Our findings highlighted the content-process distinction of self-stigma, and provided important insights on the design of effective anti-self-stigma interventions. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.001 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340

Parents’ perspectives of physical activity participation among Canadian adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Sarah GREGOR in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 48 (April 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 48 (April 2018) . - p.53-62 Titre : Parents’ perspectives of physical activity participation among Canadian adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah GREGOR, Auteur ; Nicole BRUNI, Auteur ; Petar GRKINIC, Auteur ; Lindsey SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Aimee MCDONALD, Auteur ; Patricia THILLE, Auteur ; Sharon GABISON, Auteur ; Barbara E. GIBSON, Auteur ; Patrick JACHYRA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.53-62 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Physical activity  Health  Co-morbid conditions  Qualitative research  Physiotherapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Despite the numerous health and social benefits of regular physical activity participation, adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are less likely to be active compared to their age-related peers. Yet, little is known why they are predominantly inactive, with a paucity of research that has examined how socio-behavioural mechanisms influence their participation. With no previous research in Canada, and very limited research in this area, this study examined parents’ perspectives and experiences of physical activity participation. Method Ten in-depth interviews were conducted with parents of adolescents with ASD. Interview data was analyzed thematically. Results Parents prioritized behavioural/communication interventions over physical activity throughout their adolescent’s life. This prioritization was most pronounced during childhood, and the lack of participation during their formative years shaped physical activity interests in adolescence. Second, parents also described experiencing systemic challenges when accessing physical activity programs, including a lack of awareness of ASD among service providers, funding challenges, and limited/few program options. The lack of PA individualization and competing commitments contributed to tremendous strain on families. Third, the findings suggest early guidance is needed to help parents balance family life, schooling, and therapies with PA. Conclusion Findings suggest that biological and socio-behavioural mechanisms functioned concurrently to influence physical activity participation. A family-centred, multidisciplinary collaborative approach that includes health care practitioners such as physical therapists can potentially be used to facilitate physical activity participation. Efforts educating community service providers about ASD are also needed in an effort to increase participation. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340 [article] Parents’ perspectives of physical activity participation among Canadian adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah GREGOR, Auteur ; Nicole BRUNI, Auteur ; Petar GRKINIC, Auteur ; Lindsey SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Aimee MCDONALD, Auteur ; Patricia THILLE, Auteur ; Sharon GABISON, Auteur ; Barbara E. GIBSON, Auteur ; Patrick JACHYRA, Auteur . - p.53-62. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 48 (April 2018) . - p.53-62 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Physical activity  Health  Co-morbid conditions  Qualitative research  Physiotherapy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Despite the numerous health and social benefits of regular physical activity participation, adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are less likely to be active compared to their age-related peers. Yet, little is known why they are predominantly inactive, with a paucity of research that has examined how socio-behavioural mechanisms influence their participation. With no previous research in Canada, and very limited research in this area, this study examined parents’ perspectives and experiences of physical activity participation. Method Ten in-depth interviews were conducted with parents of adolescents with ASD. Interview data was analyzed thematically. Results Parents prioritized behavioural/communication interventions over physical activity throughout their adolescent’s life. This prioritization was most pronounced during childhood, and the lack of participation during their formative years shaped physical activity interests in adolescence. Second, parents also described experiencing systemic challenges when accessing physical activity programs, including a lack of awareness of ASD among service providers, funding challenges, and limited/few program options. The lack of PA individualization and competing commitments contributed to tremendous strain on families. Third, the findings suggest early guidance is needed to help parents balance family life, schooling, and therapies with PA. Conclusion Findings suggest that biological and socio-behavioural mechanisms functioned concurrently to influence physical activity participation. A family-centred, multidisciplinary collaborative approach that includes health care practitioners such as physical therapists can potentially be used to facilitate physical activity participation. Efforts educating community service providers about ASD are also needed in an effort to increase participation. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.01.007 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=340