Going ‘Above and Beyond’: Are Those High in Autistic Traits Less Pro-social? / Leila JAMEEL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44-8 (August 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-8 (August 2014) . - p.1846-1858 Titre : Going ‘Above and Beyond’: Are Those High in Autistic Traits Less Pro-social? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Leila JAMEEL, Auteur ; Karishma VYAS, Auteur ; Giulia BELLESI, Auteur ; Victoria ROBERTS, Auteur ; Shelley CHANNON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1846-1858 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic traits  Pro-social behaviour  Empathy  Perspective-taking  Theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Few studies have explored how the cognitive differences associated with autistic spectrum disorder translate into everyday social behaviour. This study investigated pro-social behaviour in students scoring high and low on the autism-spectrum quotient (AQ), using a novel scenario task: ‘Above and Beyond’. Each scenario involved an opportunity to behave pro-socially, and thus required balancing the needs of a character against participants’ own interests. High AQ participants both generated responses and selected courses of action that were less pro-social than those of the low AQ group. For actions of low pro-social value they gave higher self-satisfaction ratings; conversely, they gave lower self-satisfaction ratings for high pro-social actions. The implications for everyday functioning are considered for those with high autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2056-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=236 [article] Going ‘Above and Beyond’: Are Those High in Autistic Traits Less Pro-social? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Leila JAMEEL, Auteur ; Karishma VYAS, Auteur ; Giulia BELLESI, Auteur ; Victoria ROBERTS, Auteur ; Shelley CHANNON, Auteur . - p.1846-1858. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 44-8 (August 2014) . - p.1846-1858 Mots-clés : Autistic traits  Pro-social behaviour  Empathy  Perspective-taking  Theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Few studies have explored how the cognitive differences associated with autistic spectrum disorder translate into everyday social behaviour. This study investigated pro-social behaviour in students scoring high and low on the autism-spectrum quotient (AQ), using a novel scenario task: ‘Above and Beyond’. Each scenario involved an opportunity to behave pro-socially, and thus required balancing the needs of a character against participants’ own interests. High AQ participants both generated responses and selected courses of action that were less pro-social than those of the low AQ group. For actions of low pro-social value they gave higher self-satisfaction ratings; conversely, they gave lower self-satisfaction ratings for high pro-social actions. The implications for everyday functioning are considered for those with high autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2056-3 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=236

Great Expectations: The Role of Rules in Guiding Pro-social Behaviour in Groups with High Versus Low Autistic Traits / Leila JAMEEL in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-8 (August 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-8 (August 2015) . - p.2311-2322 Titre : Great Expectations: The Role of Rules in Guiding Pro-social Behaviour in Groups with High Versus Low Autistic Traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Leila JAMEEL, Auteur ; Karishma VYAS, Auteur ; Giulia BELLESI, Auteur ; Diana CASSELL, Auteur ; Shelley CHANNON, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.2311-2322 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autistic traits  Pro-social behaviour  Empathy  Mentalising  Social rules  Social knowledge Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Measuring autistic traits in the general population has proven sensitive for examining cognition. The present study extended this to pro-social behaviour, investigating the influence of expectations to help others. A novel task describing characters in need of help was administered to students scoring high versus low on the Autism-Spectrum Quotient. Scenarios had two variants, describing either a ‘clear-cut’ or ‘ambiguous’ social rule. Participants with high versus low autistic traits were less pro-social and sympathetic overall towards the characters. The groups’ ratings of characters’ expectations were comparable, but those with high autistic traits provided more rule-based rationales in the clear-cut condition. This pattern of relatively intact knowledge in the context of reduced pro-social behaviour has implications for social skill training programmes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2393-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=263 [article] Great Expectations: The Role of Rules in Guiding Pro-social Behaviour in Groups with High Versus Low Autistic Traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Leila JAMEEL, Auteur ; Karishma VYAS, Auteur ; Giulia BELLESI, Auteur ; Diana CASSELL, Auteur ; Shelley CHANNON, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.2311-2322. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-8 (August 2015) . - p.2311-2322 Mots-clés : Autistic traits  Pro-social behaviour  Empathy  Mentalising  Social rules  Social knowledge Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Measuring autistic traits in the general population has proven sensitive for examining cognition. The present study extended this to pro-social behaviour, investigating the influence of expectations to help others. A novel task describing characters in need of help was administered to students scoring high versus low on the Autism-Spectrum Quotient. Scenarios had two variants, describing either a ‘clear-cut’ or ‘ambiguous’ social rule. Participants with high versus low autistic traits were less pro-social and sympathetic overall towards the characters. The groups’ ratings of characters’ expectations were comparable, but those with high autistic traits provided more rule-based rationales in the clear-cut condition. This pattern of relatively intact knowledge in the context of reduced pro-social behaviour has implications for social skill training programmes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2393-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=263

Moral reasoning about everyday situations in adults with autism spectrum disorder / Giulia BELLESI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 52 (August 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 52 (August 2018) . - p.1-11 Titre : Moral reasoning about everyday situations in adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Giulia BELLESI, Auteur ; Karishma VYAS, Auteur ; Leila JAMEEL, Auteur ; Shelley CHANNON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1-11 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Social cognition  Social behaviour  Empathy  Moral reasoning  Everyday functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little work has explored moral reasoning in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present research used two novel scenario-based tasks to investigate how adults with and without ASD reason about moral rules and apply them in everyday interactions. The Rule Transgressions task examined decision-making in situations where breaking a rule might lead to a personal advantage. People with ASD did not differ from control participants in how frequently they chose to carry out the transgressions or their ratings of acceptability. However, they gave fewer sophisticated rationales to explain why the transgressions were wrong. The Social Intentionality task examined how participants judged and reacted to intentional and accidental transgressions performed by a story character. Both groups judged and responded more harshly to intentional transgressions than unintentional ones, but participants with ASD gave harsher responses overall. The findings suggest some preservation of the understanding of moral rules in ASD, but difficulties in applying and reasoning about these. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.04.009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368 [article] Moral reasoning about everyday situations in adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Giulia BELLESI, Auteur ; Karishma VYAS, Auteur ; Leila JAMEEL, Auteur ; Shelley CHANNON, Auteur . - p.1-11. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 52 (August 2018) . - p.1-11 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Social cognition  Social behaviour  Empathy  Moral reasoning  Everyday functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Little work has explored moral reasoning in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present research used two novel scenario-based tasks to investigate how adults with and without ASD reason about moral rules and apply them in everyday interactions. The Rule Transgressions task examined decision-making in situations where breaking a rule might lead to a personal advantage. People with ASD did not differ from control participants in how frequently they chose to carry out the transgressions or their ratings of acceptability. However, they gave fewer sophisticated rationales to explain why the transgressions were wrong. The Social Intentionality task examined how participants judged and reacted to intentional and accidental transgressions performed by a story character. Both groups judged and responded more harshly to intentional transgressions than unintentional ones, but participants with ASD gave harsher responses overall. The findings suggest some preservation of the understanding of moral rules in ASD, but difficulties in applying and reasoning about these. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2018.04.009 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=368

Using and reasoning about social strategies in autism spectrum disorder in everyday situations / Giulia BELLESI in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 25 (May 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 25 (May 2016) . - p.112-121 Titre : Using and reasoning about social strategies in autism spectrum disorder in everyday situations Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Giulia BELLESI, Auteur ; Leila JAMEEL, Auteur ; Karishma VYAS, Auteur ; Sarah CRAWFORD, Auteur ; Shelley CHANNON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.112-121 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Social skill  Empathy  Mentalising  Social knowledge  Social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although a substantial amount of previous work has been dedicated to the study of the possible theoretical mechanisms underpinning autism spectrum disorder (ASD), little research has examined the types of difficulties experienced by individuals in their everyday social functioning. University students with ASD and matched control participants performed the Social Strategy task. In this, they read a range of descriptions of social interactions, all ending with an awkward question asked by the story main character. The types of strategies they used to answer the awkward questions were examined. Compared to control participants, those with ASD used a more negative emotional tone in responding, generated more simple strategies including acquiescence or refusal, and fewer sophisticated strategies that considered all parties’ perspectives. In a novel task condition, participants rank-ordered simple and sophisticated strategies, and gave justifications for their use. Rank-ordering did not differentiate the groups. Justifications given by those with ASD for simple strategies were more practical and less often character-based than those given by control participants; the groups did not differ in the justifications given for sophisticated strategies. The possible explanations of these findings and implications for informing current intervention programmes are considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.02.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285 [article] Using and reasoning about social strategies in autism spectrum disorder in everyday situations [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Giulia BELLESI, Auteur ; Leila JAMEEL, Auteur ; Karishma VYAS, Auteur ; Sarah CRAWFORD, Auteur ; Shelley CHANNON, Auteur . - p.112-121. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 25 (May 2016) . - p.112-121 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Social skill  Empathy  Mentalising  Social knowledge  Social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although a substantial amount of previous work has been dedicated to the study of the possible theoretical mechanisms underpinning autism spectrum disorder (ASD), little research has examined the types of difficulties experienced by individuals in their everyday social functioning. University students with ASD and matched control participants performed the Social Strategy task. In this, they read a range of descriptions of social interactions, all ending with an awkward question asked by the story main character. The types of strategies they used to answer the awkward questions were examined. Compared to control participants, those with ASD used a more negative emotional tone in responding, generated more simple strategies including acquiescence or refusal, and fewer sophisticated strategies that considered all parties’ perspectives. In a novel task condition, participants rank-ordered simple and sophisticated strategies, and gave justifications for their use. Rank-ordering did not differentiate the groups. Justifications given by those with ASD for simple strategies were more practical and less often character-based than those given by control participants; the groups did not differ in the justifications given for sophisticated strategies. The possible explanations of these findings and implications for informing current intervention programmes are considered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2016.02.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=285

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