Brief Report: Early Lexical Comprehension in Young Children with ASD: Comparing Eye-Gaze Methodology and Parent Report / Courtney E. VENKER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-6 (June 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-6 (June 2016) . - p.2260-2266 Titre : Brief Report: Early Lexical Comprehension in Young Children with ASD: Comparing Eye-Gaze Methodology and Parent Report Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Courtney E. VENKER, Auteur ; Eileen HAEBIG, Auteur ; Jan EDWARDS, Auteur ; Jenny SAFFRAN, Auteur ; Susan ELLIS WEISMER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2260-2266 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Assessment  Receptive vocabulary  Lexical comprehension  Parent report  Autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Lexical comprehension is commonly measured by parent report, but it may be difficult for parents of children with ASD to accurately judge their child’s comprehension. We compared parent report to an eye-gaze measure of lexical comprehension in which participants observed pairs of images on a screen, along with accompanying speech that named one of the two images. Twenty-two toddlers with ASD participated. Trials were included if the target word was reported as unknown. Children spent significantly more time looking at the target after it was named than before (d = 0.66). These results provide evidence that eye-gaze measures can reveal emerging lexical knowledge in young children with ASD that may otherwise be overlooked. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2747-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=289 [article] Brief Report: Early Lexical Comprehension in Young Children with ASD: Comparing Eye-Gaze Methodology and Parent Report [texte imprimé] / Courtney E. VENKER, Auteur ; Eileen HAEBIG, Auteur ; Jan EDWARDS, Auteur ; Jenny SAFFRAN, Auteur ; Susan ELLIS WEISMER, Auteur . - p.2260-2266. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-6 (June 2016) . - p.2260-2266 Mots-clés : Assessment  Receptive vocabulary  Lexical comprehension  Parent report  Autism spectrum disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Lexical comprehension is commonly measured by parent report, but it may be difficult for parents of children with ASD to accurately judge their child’s comprehension. We compared parent report to an eye-gaze measure of lexical comprehension in which participants observed pairs of images on a screen, along with accompanying speech that named one of the two images. Twenty-two toddlers with ASD participated. Trials were included if the target word was reported as unknown. Children spent significantly more time looking at the target after it was named than before (d = 0.66). These results provide evidence that eye-gaze measures can reveal emerging lexical knowledge in young children with ASD that may otherwise be overlooked. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2747-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=289

Comparing Automatic Eye Tracking and Manual Gaze Coding Methods in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Courtney E. VENKER in Autism Research, 13-2 (February 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-2 (February 2020) . - p.271-283 Titre : Comparing Automatic Eye Tracking and Manual Gaze Coding Methods in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Courtney E. VENKER, Auteur ; Ron POMPER, Auteur ; Tristan MAHR, Auteur ; Jan EDWARDS, Auteur ; Jenny SAFFRAN, Auteur ; Susan ELLIS WEISMER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.271-283 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  children  data quality  eye tracking  language processing  methodology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Eye-gaze methods offer numerous advantages for studying cognitive processes in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but data loss may threaten the validity and generalizability of results. Some eye-gaze systems may be more vulnerable to data loss than others, but to our knowledge, this issue has not been empirically investigated. In the current study, we asked whether automatic eye-tracking and manual gaze coding produce different rates of data loss or different results in a group of 51 toddlers with ASD. Data from both systems were gathered (from the same children) simultaneously, during the same experimental sessions. As predicted, manual gaze coding produced significantly less data loss than automatic eye tracking, as indicated by the number of usable trials and the proportion of looks to the images per trial. In addition, automatic eye-tracking and manual gaze coding produced different patterns of results, suggesting that the eye-gaze system used to address a particular research question could alter a study's findings and the scientific conclusions that follow. It is our hope that the information from this and future methodological studies will help researchers to select the eye-gaze measurement system that best fits their research questions and target population, as well as help consumers of autism research to interpret the findings from studies that utilize eye-gaze methods with children with ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 271-283. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The current study found that automatic eye-tracking and manual gaze coding produced different rates of data loss and different overall patterns of results in young children with ASD. These findings show that the choice of eye-gaze system may impact the findings of a study-important information for both researchers and consumers of autism research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2225 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=420 [article] Comparing Automatic Eye Tracking and Manual Gaze Coding Methods in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Courtney E. VENKER, Auteur ; Ron POMPER, Auteur ; Tristan MAHR, Auteur ; Jan EDWARDS, Auteur ; Jenny SAFFRAN, Auteur ; Susan ELLIS WEISMER, Auteur . - p.271-283. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-2 (February 2020) . - p.271-283 Mots-clés : autism  children  data quality  eye tracking  language processing  methodology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Eye-gaze methods offer numerous advantages for studying cognitive processes in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but data loss may threaten the validity and generalizability of results. Some eye-gaze systems may be more vulnerable to data loss than others, but to our knowledge, this issue has not been empirically investigated. In the current study, we asked whether automatic eye-tracking and manual gaze coding produce different rates of data loss or different results in a group of 51 toddlers with ASD. Data from both systems were gathered (from the same children) simultaneously, during the same experimental sessions. As predicted, manual gaze coding produced significantly less data loss than automatic eye tracking, as indicated by the number of usable trials and the proportion of looks to the images per trial. In addition, automatic eye-tracking and manual gaze coding produced different patterns of results, suggesting that the eye-gaze system used to address a particular research question could alter a study's findings and the scientific conclusions that follow. It is our hope that the information from this and future methodological studies will help researchers to select the eye-gaze measurement system that best fits their research questions and target population, as well as help consumers of autism research to interpret the findings from studies that utilize eye-gaze methods with children with ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 271-283. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The current study found that automatic eye-tracking and manual gaze coding produced different rates of data loss and different overall patterns of results in young children with ASD. These findings show that the choice of eye-gaze system may impact the findings of a study-important information for both researchers and consumers of autism research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2225 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=420

Competing Perceptual Salience in a Visual Word Recognition Task Differentially Affects Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder / Courtney E. VENKER in Autism Research, 14-6 (June 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-6 (June 2021) . - p.1147-1162 Titre : Competing Perceptual Salience in a Visual Word Recognition Task Differentially Affects Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Courtney E. VENKER, Auteur ; Janine MATHÉE, Auteur ; Dominik NEUMANN, Auteur ; Jan EDWARDS, Auteur ; Jenny SAFFRAN, Auteur ; Susan ELLIS WEISMER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1147-1162 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aptitude  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Child, Preschool  Humans  Infant  Language  Learning  Linguistics  attention  child  cues  information seeking behavior  language  language development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Differences in visual attention have long been recognized as a central characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Regardless of social content, children with ASD show a strong preference for perceptual salience-how interesting (i.e., striking) certain stimuli are, based on their visual properties (e.g., color, geometric patterning). However, we do not know the extent to which attentional allocation preferences for perceptual salience persist when they compete with top-down, linguistic information. This study examined the impact of competing perceptual salience on visual word recognition in 17 children with ASD (mean age 31 months) and 17 children with typical development (mean age 20 months) matched on receptive language skills. A word recognition task presented two images on a screen, one of which was named (e.g., Find the bowl!). On Neutral trials, both images had high salience (i.e., were colorful and had geometric patterning). On Competing trials, the distracter image had high salience but the target image had low salience, creating competition between bottom-up (i.e., salience-driven) and top-down (i.e., language-driven) processes. Though both groups of children showed word recognition in an absolute sense, competing perceptual salience significantly decreased attention to the target only in the children with ASD. These findings indicate that perceptual properties of objects can disrupt attention to relevant information in children with ASD, which has implications for supporting their language development. Findings also demonstrate that perceptual salience affects attentional allocation preferences in children with ASD, even in the absence of social stimuli. LAY SUMMARY: This study found that visually striking objects distract young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from looking at relevant (but less striking) objects named by an adult. Language-matched, younger children with typical development were not significantly affected by this visual distraction. Though visual distraction could have cascading negative effects on language development in children with ASD, learning opportunities that build on children's focus of attention are likely to support positive outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2457 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449 [article] Competing Perceptual Salience in a Visual Word Recognition Task Differentially Affects Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Courtney E. VENKER, Auteur ; Janine MATHÉE, Auteur ; Dominik NEUMANN, Auteur ; Jan EDWARDS, Auteur ; Jenny SAFFRAN, Auteur ; Susan ELLIS WEISMER, Auteur . - p.1147-1162. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-6 (June 2021) . - p.1147-1162 Mots-clés : Aptitude  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Child, Preschool  Humans  Infant  Language  Learning  Linguistics  attention  child  cues  information seeking behavior  language  language development Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Differences in visual attention have long been recognized as a central characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Regardless of social content, children with ASD show a strong preference for perceptual salience-how interesting (i.e., striking) certain stimuli are, based on their visual properties (e.g., color, geometric patterning). However, we do not know the extent to which attentional allocation preferences for perceptual salience persist when they compete with top-down, linguistic information. This study examined the impact of competing perceptual salience on visual word recognition in 17 children with ASD (mean age 31 months) and 17 children with typical development (mean age 20 months) matched on receptive language skills. A word recognition task presented two images on a screen, one of which was named (e.g., Find the bowl!). On Neutral trials, both images had high salience (i.e., were colorful and had geometric patterning). On Competing trials, the distracter image had high salience but the target image had low salience, creating competition between bottom-up (i.e., salience-driven) and top-down (i.e., language-driven) processes. Though both groups of children showed word recognition in an absolute sense, competing perceptual salience significantly decreased attention to the target only in the children with ASD. These findings indicate that perceptual properties of objects can disrupt attention to relevant information in children with ASD, which has implications for supporting their language development. Findings also demonstrate that perceptual salience affects attentional allocation preferences in children with ASD, even in the absence of social stimuli. LAY SUMMARY: This study found that visually striking objects distract young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from looking at relevant (but less striking) objects named by an adult. Language-matched, younger children with typical development were not significantly affected by this visual distraction. Though visual distraction could have cascading negative effects on language development in children with ASD, learning opportunities that build on children's focus of attention are likely to support positive outcomes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2457 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=449

Lexical Processing in Toddlers with ASD: Does Weak Central Coherence Play a Role? / Susan ELLIS WEISMER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46-12 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-12 (December 2016) . - p.3755-3769 Titre : Lexical Processing in Toddlers with ASD: Does Weak Central Coherence Play a Role? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Susan ELLIS WEISMER, Auteur ; Eileen HAEBIG, Auteur ; Jan EDWARDS, Auteur ; Jenny SAFFRAN, Auteur ; Courtney E. VENKER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3755-3769 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Lexical processing  Weak central coherence  Receptive vocabulary  Toddlers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated whether vocabulary delays in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can be explained by a cognitive style that prioritizes processing of detailed, local features of input over global contextual integration—as claimed by the weak central coherence (WCC) theory. Thirty toddlers with ASD and 30 younger, cognition-matched typical controls participated in a looking-while-listening task that assessed whether perceptual or semantic similarities among named images disrupted word recognition relative to a neutral condition. Overlap of perceptual features invited local processing whereas semantic overlap invited global processing. With the possible exception of a subset of toddlers who had very low vocabulary skills, these results provide no evidence that WCC is characteristic of lexical processing in toddlers with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2926-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=297 [article] Lexical Processing in Toddlers with ASD: Does Weak Central Coherence Play a Role? [texte imprimé] / Susan ELLIS WEISMER, Auteur ; Eileen HAEBIG, Auteur ; Jan EDWARDS, Auteur ; Jenny SAFFRAN, Auteur ; Courtney E. VENKER, Auteur . - p.3755-3769. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 46-12 (December 2016) . - p.3755-3769 Mots-clés : Autism  Lexical processing  Weak central coherence  Receptive vocabulary  Toddlers Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study investigated whether vocabulary delays in toddlers with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) can be explained by a cognitive style that prioritizes processing of detailed, local features of input over global contextual integration—as claimed by the weak central coherence (WCC) theory. Thirty toddlers with ASD and 30 younger, cognition-matched typical controls participated in a looking-while-listening task that assessed whether perceptual or semantic similarities among named images disrupted word recognition relative to a neutral condition. Overlap of perceptual features invited local processing whereas semantic overlap invited global processing. With the possible exception of a subset of toddlers who had very low vocabulary skills, these results provide no evidence that WCC is characteristic of lexical processing in toddlers with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2926-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=297

Predictive language processing in young autistic children / Kathryn E. PRESCOTT in Autism Research, 15-5 (May 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-5 (May 2022) . - p.892-903 Titre : Predictive language processing in young autistic children Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Kathryn E. PRESCOTT, Auteur ; Janine MATHEE-SCOTT, Auteur ; Tracy REUTER, Auteur ; Jan EDWARDS, Auteur ; Jenny SAFFRAN, Auteur ; Susan ELLIS WEISMER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.892-903 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications  Child  Child, Preschool  Humans  Infant  Language  Language Development Disorders/complications  Linguistics  anticipatory language processing  autism spectrum disorder  language development  prediction  receptive language Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent theories propose that domain-general deficits in prediction (i.e., the ability to anticipate upcoming information) underlie the behavioral characteristics associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). If these theories are correct, autistic children might be expected to demonstrate difficulties on linguistic tasks that rely on predictive processing. Previous research has largely focused on older autistic children and adolescents with average language and cognition. The present study used an eye-gaze task to evaluate predictive language processing among 3- to 4-year-old autistic children (n = 34) and 1.5- to 3-year-old, language-matched neurotypical (NT) children (n = 34). Children viewed images (e.g., a cake and a ball) and heard sentences with informative verbs (e.g., Eat the cake) or neutral verbs (e.g., Find the cake). Analyses of children's looking behaviors indicated that young autistic children, like their language-matched NT peers, engaged in predictive language processing. Regression results revealed a significant effect of diagnostic group, when statistically controlling for age differences. The NT group displayed larger difference scores between the informative and neutral verb conditions (in looks to target nouns) compared to the ASD group. Receptive language measures were predictive of looking behavior across time for both groups, such that children with stronger language skills were more efficient in making use of informative verbs to process upcoming information. Taken together, these results suggest that young autistic children can engage in predictive processing though further research is warranted to explore the developmental trajectory relative to NT development. LAY SUMMARY: This study found that 3- to 4-year-old autistic children and younger, language-matched neurotypical (NT) children both used verbs to predict upcoming nouns in sentences like "Eat the cake." For both autistic and NT children, those with stronger language skills were able to predict upcoming nouns more quickly. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2684 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 [article] Predictive language processing in young autistic children [texte imprimé] / Kathryn E. PRESCOTT, Auteur ; Janine MATHEE-SCOTT, Auteur ; Tracy REUTER, Auteur ; Jan EDWARDS, Auteur ; Jenny SAFFRAN, Auteur ; Susan ELLIS WEISMER, Auteur . - p.892-903. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-5 (May 2022) . - p.892-903 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications  Child  Child, Preschool  Humans  Infant  Language  Language Development Disorders/complications  Linguistics  anticipatory language processing  autism spectrum disorder  language development  prediction  receptive language Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent theories propose that domain-general deficits in prediction (i.e., the ability to anticipate upcoming information) underlie the behavioral characteristics associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). If these theories are correct, autistic children might be expected to demonstrate difficulties on linguistic tasks that rely on predictive processing. Previous research has largely focused on older autistic children and adolescents with average language and cognition. The present study used an eye-gaze task to evaluate predictive language processing among 3- to 4-year-old autistic children (n = 34) and 1.5- to 3-year-old, language-matched neurotypical (NT) children (n = 34). Children viewed images (e.g., a cake and a ball) and heard sentences with informative verbs (e.g., Eat the cake) or neutral verbs (e.g., Find the cake). Analyses of children's looking behaviors indicated that young autistic children, like their language-matched NT peers, engaged in predictive language processing. Regression results revealed a significant effect of diagnostic group, when statistically controlling for age differences. The NT group displayed larger difference scores between the informative and neutral verb conditions (in looks to target nouns) compared to the ASD group. Receptive language measures were predictive of looking behavior across time for both groups, such that children with stronger language skills were more efficient in making use of informative verbs to process upcoming information. Taken together, these results suggest that young autistic children can engage in predictive processing though further research is warranted to explore the developmental trajectory relative to NT development. LAY SUMMARY: This study found that 3- to 4-year-old autistic children and younger, language-matched neurotypical (NT) children both used verbs to predict upcoming nouns in sentences like "Eat the cake." For both autistic and NT children, those with stronger language skills were able to predict upcoming nouns more quickly. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2684 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473

Specificity of Phonological Representations for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Ron POMPER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-8 (August 2019)  

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Thinking Ahead: Incremental Language Processing is Associated with Receptive Language Abilities in Preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Courtney E. VENKER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-3 (March 2019)  

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Use of Mutual Exclusivity and its Relationship to Language Ability in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Janine MATHEE-SCOTT in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-10 (October 2022)  

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