Altered reward system reactivity for personalized circumscribed interests in autism / G. KOHLS in Molecular Autism, 9 (2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 9p. Titre : Altered reward system reactivity for personalized circumscribed interests in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : G. KOHLS, Auteur ; Ligia ANTEZANA, Auteur ; M. G. MOSNER, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; B. E. YERYS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 9p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Caudate nucleus  Circumscribed interests  Functional magnetic resonance imaging  Motivation  Restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests  Reward  Reward system  Striatum Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Neurobiological research in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has paid little attention on brain mechanisms that cause and maintain restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests (RRBIs). Evidence indicates an imbalance in the brain's reward system responsiveness to social and non-social stimuli may contribute to both social deficits and RRBIs. Thus, this study's central aim was to compare brain responsiveness to individual RRBI (i.e., circumscribed interests), with social rewards (i.e., social approval), in youth with ASD relative to typically developing controls (TDCs). Methods: We conducted a 3T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study to investigate the blood-oxygenation-level-dependent effect of personalized circumscribed interest rewards versus social rewards in 39 youth with ASD relative to 22 TDC. To probe the reward system, we employed short video clips as reinforcement in an instrumental incentive delay task. This optimization increased the task's ecological validity compared to still pictures that are often used in this line of research. Results: Compared to TDCs, youth with ASD had stronger reward system responses for CIs mostly within the non-social realm (e.g., video games) than social rewards (e.g., approval). Additionally, this imbalance within the caudate nucleus' responsiveness was related to greater social impairment. Conclusions: The current data support the idea of reward system dysfunction that may contribute to enhanced motivation for RRBIs in ASD, accompanied by diminished motivation for social engagement. If a dysregulated reward system indeed supports the emergence and maintenance of social and non-social symptoms of ASD, then strategically targeting the reward system in future treatment endeavors may allow for more efficacious treatment practices that help improve outcomes for individuals with ASD and their families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0195-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=354 [article] Altered reward system reactivity for personalized circumscribed interests in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / G. KOHLS, Auteur ; Ligia ANTEZANA, Auteur ; M. G. MOSNER, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; B. E. YERYS, Auteur . - 9p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 9 (2018) . - 9p. Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Caudate nucleus  Circumscribed interests  Functional magnetic resonance imaging  Motivation  Restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests  Reward  Reward system  Striatum Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background: Neurobiological research in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has paid little attention on brain mechanisms that cause and maintain restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests (RRBIs). Evidence indicates an imbalance in the brain's reward system responsiveness to social and non-social stimuli may contribute to both social deficits and RRBIs. Thus, this study's central aim was to compare brain responsiveness to individual RRBI (i.e., circumscribed interests), with social rewards (i.e., social approval), in youth with ASD relative to typically developing controls (TDCs). Methods: We conducted a 3T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study to investigate the blood-oxygenation-level-dependent effect of personalized circumscribed interest rewards versus social rewards in 39 youth with ASD relative to 22 TDC. To probe the reward system, we employed short video clips as reinforcement in an instrumental incentive delay task. This optimization increased the task's ecological validity compared to still pictures that are often used in this line of research. Results: Compared to TDCs, youth with ASD had stronger reward system responses for CIs mostly within the non-social realm (e.g., video games) than social rewards (e.g., approval). Additionally, this imbalance within the caudate nucleus' responsiveness was related to greater social impairment. Conclusions: The current data support the idea of reward system dysfunction that may contribute to enhanced motivation for RRBIs in ASD, accompanied by diminished motivation for social engagement. If a dysregulated reward system indeed supports the emergence and maintenance of social and non-social symptoms of ASD, then strategically targeting the reward system in future treatment endeavors may allow for more efficacious treatment practices that help improve outcomes for individuals with ASD and their families. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-018-0195-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=354

Rates of Co-occurring Psychiatric Disorders in Autism Spectrum Disorder Using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview / M. G. MOSNER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-9 (September 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-9 (September 2019) . - p.3819-3832 Titre : Rates of Co-occurring Psychiatric Disorders in Autism Spectrum Disorder Using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. G. MOSNER, Auteur ; J. L. KINARD, Auteur ; J. S. SHAH, Auteur ; S. MCWEENY, Auteur ; R. K. GREENE, Auteur ; S. C. LOWERY, Auteur ; C. A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur ; Gabriel S. DICHTER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3819-3832 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Assessment  Autism spectrum disorder  Co-occurring  Comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often meet criteria for at least one additional psychiatric disorder. The present study evaluated the utility of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) in assessing co-occurring psychiatric disorders in children, adolescents, and young adults with ASD. Ninety-one percent of children/adolescents and thirty-one percent of young adults were diagnosed with one or more co-occurring diagnoses using the MINI. MINI diagnostic rates were comparable to those found in the literature on children/adolescents with ASD; however, in young adults, MINI diagnostic rates were lower relative to rates found in the literature on young adults with ASD. Implications for treatment, transitioning to adulthood, and the need for instruments developed specifically to diagnose co-occurring disorders in ASD are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04090-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Rates of Co-occurring Psychiatric Disorders in Autism Spectrum Disorder Using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. G. MOSNER, Auteur ; J. L. KINARD, Auteur ; J. S. SHAH, Auteur ; S. MCWEENY, Auteur ; R. K. GREENE, Auteur ; S. C. LOWERY, Auteur ; C. A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur ; Gabriel S. DICHTER, Auteur . - p.3819-3832. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-9 (September 2019) . - p.3819-3832 Mots-clés : Assessment  Autism spectrum disorder  Co-occurring  Comorbidity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often meet criteria for at least one additional psychiatric disorder. The present study evaluated the utility of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) in assessing co-occurring psychiatric disorders in children, adolescents, and young adults with ASD. Ninety-one percent of children/adolescents and thirty-one percent of young adults were diagnosed with one or more co-occurring diagnoses using the MINI. MINI diagnostic rates were comparable to those found in the literature on children/adolescents with ASD; however, in young adults, MINI diagnostic rates were lower relative to rates found in the literature on young adults with ASD. Implications for treatment, transitioning to adulthood, and the need for instruments developed specifically to diagnose co-occurring disorders in ASD are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04090-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Social and nonsocial visual prediction errors in autism spectrum disorder / R. K. GREENE in Autism Research, 12-6 (June 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-6 (June 2019) . - p.878-883 Titre : Social and nonsocial visual prediction errors in autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. K. GREENE, Auteur ; S. ZHENG, Auteur ; J. L. KINARD, Auteur ; M. G. MOSNER, Auteur ; C. A. WIESEN, Auteur ; D. P. KENNEDY, Auteur ; Gabriel S. DICHTER, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p.878-883 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  eye tracking  prediction error Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impaired predictive coding has been proposed as a framework to explain discrepancies between expectations and outcomes in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that may contribute to core symptoms of the disorder. However, no eye tracking study has directly addressed this framework in the context of visual predictions of social and nonsocial stimuli. The current study used eye tracking to examine violations of learned visual associations of both social and nonsocial stimuli. Twenty-six adolescents with ASD and 18 typically developing control (TDC) adolescents completed an outcome expectation eye tracking task in which predictive cues correctly (80% of trials) or incorrectly (20% of trials) indicated the location (left or right) of forthcoming social or nonsocial stimuli. During violation trials, individuals with ASD focused their gaze relatively more often on stimuli presented on locations that violated the learned association and less often on locations that corresponded with the learned association. This finding was not moderated by stimulus type (i.e., social vs. nonsocial). Additionally, participants who looked at incorrectly predicted locations more often had significantly greater ASD symptom severity. These results are consistent with theories that characterize ASD as a disorder of prediction and have potential implications for understanding symptoms related to prediction errors in individuals with ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 878-883. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit impairments making predictions that may impact learning. In this study, we used eye tracking methodology and found that individuals with ASD were less likely to look at the predicted location when a visual routine was violated. This pattern was evident for both social and nonsocial images and was associated with greater ASD symptom severity. These findings provide additional support for predictive challenges in ASD. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2090 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=400 [article] Social and nonsocial visual prediction errors in autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. K. GREENE, Auteur ; S. ZHENG, Auteur ; J. L. KINARD, Auteur ; M. G. MOSNER, Auteur ; C. A. WIESEN, Auteur ; D. P. KENNEDY, Auteur ; Gabriel S. DICHTER, Auteur . - 2019 . - p.878-883. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-6 (June 2019) . - p.878-883 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  eye tracking  prediction error Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Impaired predictive coding has been proposed as a framework to explain discrepancies between expectations and outcomes in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that may contribute to core symptoms of the disorder. However, no eye tracking study has directly addressed this framework in the context of visual predictions of social and nonsocial stimuli. The current study used eye tracking to examine violations of learned visual associations of both social and nonsocial stimuli. Twenty-six adolescents with ASD and 18 typically developing control (TDC) adolescents completed an outcome expectation eye tracking task in which predictive cues correctly (80% of trials) or incorrectly (20% of trials) indicated the location (left or right) of forthcoming social or nonsocial stimuli. During violation trials, individuals with ASD focused their gaze relatively more often on stimuli presented on locations that violated the learned association and less often on locations that corresponded with the learned association. This finding was not moderated by stimulus type (i.e., social vs. nonsocial). Additionally, participants who looked at incorrectly predicted locations more often had significantly greater ASD symptom severity. These results are consistent with theories that characterize ASD as a disorder of prediction and have potential implications for understanding symptoms related to prediction errors in individuals with ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 878-883. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit impairments making predictions that may impact learning. In this study, we used eye tracking methodology and found that individuals with ASD were less likely to look at the predicted location when a visual routine was violated. This pattern was evident for both social and nonsocial images and was associated with greater ASD symptom severity. These findings provide additional support for predictive challenges in ASD. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2090 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=400

The effects of intranasal oxytocin on reward circuitry responses in children with autism spectrum disorder / R. K. GREENE in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 10-1 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 10-1 (December 2018) . - 12 p. Titre : The effects of intranasal oxytocin on reward circuitry responses in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. K. GREENE, Auteur ; M. SPANOS, Auteur ; C. ALDERMAN, Auteur ; E. WALSH, Auteur ; Joshua BIZZELL, Auteur ; M. G. MOSNER, Auteur ; J. L. KINARD, Auteur ; G. D. STUBER, Auteur ; Tara CHANDRASEKHAR, Auteur ; L. C. POLITTE, Auteur ; L. SIKICH, Auteur ; Gabriel S. DICHTER, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : 12 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Oxytocin  Reward  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Intranasal oxytocin (OT) has been shown to improve social communication functioning of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and, thus, has received considerable interest as a potential ASD therapeutic agent. Although preclinical research indicates that OT modulates the functional output of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system that processes rewards, no clinical brain imaging study to date has examined the effects of OT on this system using a reward processing paradigm. To address this, we used an incentive delay task to examine the effects of a single dose of intranasal OT, versus placebo (PLC), on neural responses to social and nonsocial rewards in children with ASD. METHODS: In this placebo-controlled double-blind study, 28 children and adolescents with ASD (age: M = 13.43 years, SD = 2.36) completed two fMRI scans, one after intranasal OT administration and one after PLC administration. During both scanning sessions, participants completed social and nonsocial incentive delay tasks. Task-based neural activation and connectivity were examined to assess the impact of OT relative to PLC on mesocorticolimbic brain responses to social and nonsocial reward anticipation and outcomes. RESULTS: Central analyses compared the OT and PLC conditions. During nonsocial reward anticipation, there was greater activation in the right nucleus accumbens (NAcc), left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), bilateral orbital frontal cortex (OFC), left superior frontal cortex, and right frontal pole (FP) during the OT condition relative to PLC. Alternatively, during social reward anticipation and outcomes, there were no significant increases in brain activation during the OT condition relative to PLC. A Treatment Group x Reward Condition interaction revealed relatively greater activation in the right NAcc, right caudate nucleus, left ACC, and right OFC during nonsocial relative to social reward anticipation during the OT condition relative to PLC. Additionally, these analyses revealed greater activation during nonsocial reward outcomes during the OT condition relative to PLC in the right OFC and left FP. Finally, functional connectivity analyses generally revealed changes in frontostriatal connections during the OT condition relative to PLC in response to nonsocial, but not social, rewards. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of intranasal OT administration on mesocorticolimbic brain systems that process rewards in ASD were observable primarily during the processing of nonsocial incentive salience stimuli. These findings have implications for understanding the effects of OT on neural systems that process rewards, as well as for experimental trials of novel ASD treatments developed to ameliorate social communication impairments in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-018-9228-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386 [article] The effects of intranasal oxytocin on reward circuitry responses in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. K. GREENE, Auteur ; M. SPANOS, Auteur ; C. ALDERMAN, Auteur ; E. WALSH, Auteur ; Joshua BIZZELL, Auteur ; M. G. MOSNER, Auteur ; J. L. KINARD, Auteur ; G. D. STUBER, Auteur ; Tara CHANDRASEKHAR, Auteur ; L. C. POLITTE, Auteur ; L. SIKICH, Auteur ; Gabriel S. DICHTER, Auteur . - 2018 . - 12 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 10-1 (December 2018) . - 12 p. Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Oxytocin  Reward  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Intranasal oxytocin (OT) has been shown to improve social communication functioning of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and, thus, has received considerable interest as a potential ASD therapeutic agent. Although preclinical research indicates that OT modulates the functional output of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system that processes rewards, no clinical brain imaging study to date has examined the effects of OT on this system using a reward processing paradigm. To address this, we used an incentive delay task to examine the effects of a single dose of intranasal OT, versus placebo (PLC), on neural responses to social and nonsocial rewards in children with ASD. METHODS: In this placebo-controlled double-blind study, 28 children and adolescents with ASD (age: M = 13.43 years, SD = 2.36) completed two fMRI scans, one after intranasal OT administration and one after PLC administration. During both scanning sessions, participants completed social and nonsocial incentive delay tasks. Task-based neural activation and connectivity were examined to assess the impact of OT relative to PLC on mesocorticolimbic brain responses to social and nonsocial reward anticipation and outcomes. RESULTS: Central analyses compared the OT and PLC conditions. During nonsocial reward anticipation, there was greater activation in the right nucleus accumbens (NAcc), left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), bilateral orbital frontal cortex (OFC), left superior frontal cortex, and right frontal pole (FP) during the OT condition relative to PLC. Alternatively, during social reward anticipation and outcomes, there were no significant increases in brain activation during the OT condition relative to PLC. A Treatment Group x Reward Condition interaction revealed relatively greater activation in the right NAcc, right caudate nucleus, left ACC, and right OFC during nonsocial relative to social reward anticipation during the OT condition relative to PLC. Additionally, these analyses revealed greater activation during nonsocial reward outcomes during the OT condition relative to PLC in the right OFC and left FP. Finally, functional connectivity analyses generally revealed changes in frontostriatal connections during the OT condition relative to PLC in response to nonsocial, but not social, rewards. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of intranasal OT administration on mesocorticolimbic brain systems that process rewards in ASD were observable primarily during the processing of nonsocial incentive salience stimuli. These findings have implications for understanding the effects of OT on neural systems that process rewards, as well as for experimental trials of novel ASD treatments developed to ameliorate social communication impairments in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-018-9228-y Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386

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