Annual Research Review: Towards a deeper understanding of nature and nurture: combining family-based quasi-experimental methods with genomic data / Tom A. MCADAMS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-4 (April 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-4 (April 2023) . - p.693-707 Titre : Annual Research Review: Towards a deeper understanding of nature and nurture: combining family-based quasi-experimental methods with genomic data Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur ; Rosa CHEESMAN, Auteur ; Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.693-707 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Distinguishing between the effects of nature and nurture constitutes a major research goal for those interested in understanding human development. It is known, for example, that many parent traits predict mental health outcomes in children, but the causal processes underlying such associations are often unclear. Family-based quasi-experimental designs such as sibling comparison, adoption and extended family studies have been used for decades to distinguish the genetic transmission of risk from the environmental effects family members potentially have on one another. Recently, these designs have been combined with genomic data, and this combination is fuelling a range of exciting methodological advances. In this review we explore these advances - highlighting the ways in which they have been applied to date and considering what they are likely to teach us in the coming years about the aetiology and intergenerational transmission of psychopathology. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13720 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=501 [article] Annual Research Review: Towards a deeper understanding of nature and nurture: combining family-based quasi-experimental methods with genomic data [texte imprimé] / Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur ; Rosa CHEESMAN, Auteur ; Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur . - p.693-707. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-4 (April 2023) . - p.693-707 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Distinguishing between the effects of nature and nurture constitutes a major research goal for those interested in understanding human development. It is known, for example, that many parent traits predict mental health outcomes in children, but the causal processes underlying such associations are often unclear. Family-based quasi-experimental designs such as sibling comparison, adoption and extended family studies have been used for decades to distinguish the genetic transmission of risk from the environmental effects family members potentially have on one another. Recently, these designs have been combined with genomic data, and this combination is fuelling a range of exciting methodological advances. In this review we explore these advances - highlighting the ways in which they have been applied to date and considering what they are likely to teach us in the coming years about the aetiology and intergenerational transmission of psychopathology. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13720 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=501

Anxiety in the family: a genetically informed analysis of transactional associations between mother, father and child anxiety symptoms / Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-12 (December 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-12 (December 2019) . - p.1269-1277 Titre : Anxiety in the family: a genetically informed analysis of transactional associations between mother, father and child anxiety symptoms Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur ; T. C. ELEY, Auteur ; L. D. LEVE, Auteur ; D. S. SHAW, Auteur ; M. N. NATSUAKI, Auteur ; D. REISS, Auteur ; Jenae M. NEIDERHISER, Auteur ; T. A. MCADAMS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1269-1277 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety  genetics  longitudinal  parent-child relationships  structural equation modelling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Anxiety in parents is associated with anxiety in offspring, although little is known about the mechanisms underpinning these intergenerational associations. We conducted the first genetically sensitive study to simultaneously examine the effects of mother, father and child anxiety symptoms on each other over time. METHOD: Adoptive parent and child symptoms were measured at child ages 6, 7 and 8 years from 305 families involved in the Early Growth and Development Study, using a prospective adoption design. Children were adopted at birth to nonrelatives, and composite data on internalising problems within birth families were used as a proxy measure of offspring inherited risk for anxiety. Structural equation models were fitted to the data to examine prospective associations between adoptive mother, father and child symptoms, whilst accounting for individuals' symptom stability over time. RESULTS: Child anxiety symptoms at age 7 predicted adoptive mothers' anxiety symptoms at age 8. No mother-to-child or child-to-father effects were observed. These results were consistent in sensitivity analyses using only paternal offspring reports and using a second measure of child anxiety symptoms. Fathers' anxiety symptoms at child age 6 prospectively predicted child symptoms, but only when paternal offspring reports were included in the model. Composite data on birth family internalising problems were not associated with child anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Results show environmentally mediated associations between parent and child anxiety symptoms. Results support developmental theories suggesting that child anxiety symptoms can exert influence on caregivers, and mothers and fathers may play unique roles during the development of child symptoms. Further research is needed on the role of genetic transmission associated with anxiety symptoms in biologically related families. In the meantime, researchers and clinicians should strive to include fathers in assessments and consider the effects of child symptoms on caregivers. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13068 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=412 [article] Anxiety in the family: a genetically informed analysis of transactional associations between mother, father and child anxiety symptoms [texte imprimé] / Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur ; T. C. ELEY, Auteur ; L. D. LEVE, Auteur ; D. S. SHAW, Auteur ; M. N. NATSUAKI, Auteur ; D. REISS, Auteur ; Jenae M. NEIDERHISER, Auteur ; T. A. MCADAMS, Auteur . - p.1269-1277. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-12 (December 2019) . - p.1269-1277 Mots-clés : Anxiety  genetics  longitudinal  parent-child relationships  structural equation modelling Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Anxiety in parents is associated with anxiety in offspring, although little is known about the mechanisms underpinning these intergenerational associations. We conducted the first genetically sensitive study to simultaneously examine the effects of mother, father and child anxiety symptoms on each other over time. METHOD: Adoptive parent and child symptoms were measured at child ages 6, 7 and 8 years from 305 families involved in the Early Growth and Development Study, using a prospective adoption design. Children were adopted at birth to nonrelatives, and composite data on internalising problems within birth families were used as a proxy measure of offspring inherited risk for anxiety. Structural equation models were fitted to the data to examine prospective associations between adoptive mother, father and child symptoms, whilst accounting for individuals' symptom stability over time. RESULTS: Child anxiety symptoms at age 7 predicted adoptive mothers' anxiety symptoms at age 8. No mother-to-child or child-to-father effects were observed. These results were consistent in sensitivity analyses using only paternal offspring reports and using a second measure of child anxiety symptoms. Fathers' anxiety symptoms at child age 6 prospectively predicted child symptoms, but only when paternal offspring reports were included in the model. Composite data on birth family internalising problems were not associated with child anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Results show environmentally mediated associations between parent and child anxiety symptoms. Results support developmental theories suggesting that child anxiety symptoms can exert influence on caregivers, and mothers and fathers may play unique roles during the development of child symptoms. Further research is needed on the role of genetic transmission associated with anxiety symptoms in biologically related families. In the meantime, researchers and clinicians should strive to include fathers in assessments and consider the effects of child symptoms on caregivers. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13068 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=412

Initiation and stability of self-harm in adolescence and early adulthood: investigating social and aetiological factors in twins / Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH ; Olakunle A. OGINNI ; Jean-Baptiste PINGAULT ; Thomas A. MCADAMS ; Helena M. S. ZAVOS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 66-6 (June 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 66-6 (June 2025) . - p.857-867 Titre : Initiation and stability of self-harm in adolescence and early adulthood: investigating social and aetiological factors in twins Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur ; Olakunle A. OGINNI, Auteur ; Jean-Baptiste PINGAULT, Auteur ; Thomas A. MCADAMS, Auteur ; Helena M. S. ZAVOS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.857-867 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Self-harm  twins  aetiology  age of initiation  bullying  socio-demographic factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Almost one in five (18.8%) UK adolescents are estimated to self-harm and many young people initiate self-harm early (average age 13 years). Prevention of self-harm should be informed by knowledge about risk factors (e.g. socio-demographic indices), characteristics (i.e. motivation for self-harm and help-seeking behaviours), as well as relative aetiological genetic and environmental processes. Previous twin studies evidence both genetic and environmental influences on self-harm. However, to date, there has been no genetically informed research on self-harm aetiology across development, nor studies identifying risk factors for initiating self-harm at a younger age. Methods We examined self-harm in the Twins Early Development Study, a birth cohort twin study. Using clustered regression models, we tested associations of socio-demographic factors and victimisation with lifetime self-harm and age of self-harm initiation, both reported at 21. To investigate stability and/or change in genetic and environmental influences on self-harm we interpreted a multivariate Cholesky decomposition across ages 16, 21, and 26. Results Self-harm was more common in adolescence than early adulthood, and the incidence of self-harm in early adulthood was low (1.4%). The most common motivation for self-harm was ?to get relief from a terrible state of mind? (83.4%). Independent predictors of self-harm and earlier initiation of self-harm were being female, belonging to a gender and/or sexual minority group, and experience of bullying victimisation. Sexual minority status was still significantly associated with self-harm after controlling for familial factors in co-twin control analyses. The Cholesky decomposition showed stability in genetic influences and innovation in non-shared environmental influences on self-harm. Conclusions Adolescence should be a key period for self-harm interventions. Women, sexual, and gender minorities, and those experiencing victimisation may need targeted support early in adolescence. Furthermore, it should be acknowledged that different individuals can be at risk at different stages as environmental factors influencing self-harm change across time. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14096 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=556 [article] Initiation and stability of self-harm in adolescence and early adulthood: investigating social and aetiological factors in twins [texte imprimé] / Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur ; Olakunle A. OGINNI, Auteur ; Jean-Baptiste PINGAULT, Auteur ; Thomas A. MCADAMS, Auteur ; Helena M. S. ZAVOS, Auteur . - p.857-867. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 66-6 (June 2025) . - p.857-867 Mots-clés : Self-harm  twins  aetiology  age of initiation  bullying  socio-demographic factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Almost one in five (18.8%) UK adolescents are estimated to self-harm and many young people initiate self-harm early (average age 13 years). Prevention of self-harm should be informed by knowledge about risk factors (e.g. socio-demographic indices), characteristics (i.e. motivation for self-harm and help-seeking behaviours), as well as relative aetiological genetic and environmental processes. Previous twin studies evidence both genetic and environmental influences on self-harm. However, to date, there has been no genetically informed research on self-harm aetiology across development, nor studies identifying risk factors for initiating self-harm at a younger age. Methods We examined self-harm in the Twins Early Development Study, a birth cohort twin study. Using clustered regression models, we tested associations of socio-demographic factors and victimisation with lifetime self-harm and age of self-harm initiation, both reported at 21. To investigate stability and/or change in genetic and environmental influences on self-harm we interpreted a multivariate Cholesky decomposition across ages 16, 21, and 26. Results Self-harm was more common in adolescence than early adulthood, and the incidence of self-harm in early adulthood was low (1.4%). The most common motivation for self-harm was ?to get relief from a terrible state of mind? (83.4%). Independent predictors of self-harm and earlier initiation of self-harm were being female, belonging to a gender and/or sexual minority group, and experience of bullying victimisation. Sexual minority status was still significantly associated with self-harm after controlling for familial factors in co-twin control analyses. The Cholesky decomposition showed stability in genetic influences and innovation in non-shared environmental influences on self-harm. Conclusions Adolescence should be a key period for self-harm interventions. Women, sexual, and gender minorities, and those experiencing victimisation may need targeted support early in adolescence. Furthermore, it should be acknowledged that different individuals can be at risk at different stages as environmental factors influencing self-harm change across time. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14096 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=556

Parental criticism and adolescent internalising symptoms: using a Children-of-Twins design with power calculations to account for genetic influence / Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-5 (May 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-5 (May 2022) . - p.599-607 Titre : Parental criticism and adolescent internalising symptoms: using a Children-of-Twins design with power calculations to account for genetic influence Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur ; Thalia C. ELEY, Auteur ; Laurie HANNIGAN, Auteur ; Cathy CRESWELL, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Erica SPOTTS, Auteur ; Jody GANIBAN, Auteur ; Jenae M. NEIDERHISER, Auteur ; Frühling V. RIJSDIJK, Auteur ; Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.599-607 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Humans  Parents  Phenotype  Sweden  Twins/genetics/psychology  Parenting  genetics  intergenerational  psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Parental criticism is correlated with internalising symptoms in adolescent offspring. This correlation could in part reflect their genetic relatedness, if the same genes influence behaviours in both parents and offspring. We use a Children-of-Twins design to assess whether parent-reported criticism and offspring internalising symptoms remain associated after controlling for shared genes. To aid interpretation of our results and those of previous Children-of-Twins studies, we examine statistical power for the detection of genetic effects and explore the direction of possible causal effects between generations. METHODS: Data were drawn from two Swedish twin samples, comprising 876 adult twin pairs with adolescent offspring and 1,030 adolescent twin pairs with parents. Parent reports of criticism towards their offspring were collected concurrently with parent and offspring reports of adolescent internalising symptoms. Children-of-Twins structural equation models were used to control for genetic influence on the intergenerational association between parental criticism and adolescent internalising. RESULTS: Parental criticism was associated with adolescent internalising symptoms after controlling for genetic influence. No significant role was found for shared genes influencing phenotypes in both generations, although power analyses suggested that some genetic effects may have gone undetected. Models could not distinguish directionality for nongenetic, causal effects between generations. CONCLUSIONS: Parental criticism may be involved in psychosocial family processes in the context of adolescent internalising. Future studies should seek to identify these processes and provide clarity on the direction of potential causal effects. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13498 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476 [article] Parental criticism and adolescent internalising symptoms: using a Children-of-Twins design with power calculations to account for genetic influence [texte imprimé] / Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur ; Thalia C. ELEY, Auteur ; Laurie HANNIGAN, Auteur ; Cathy CRESWELL, Auteur ; Paul LICHTENSTEIN, Auteur ; Erica SPOTTS, Auteur ; Jody GANIBAN, Auteur ; Jenae M. NEIDERHISER, Auteur ; Frühling V. RIJSDIJK, Auteur ; Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur . - p.599-607. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-5 (May 2022) . - p.599-607 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Humans  Parents  Phenotype  Sweden  Twins/genetics/psychology  Parenting  genetics  intergenerational  psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Parental criticism is correlated with internalising symptoms in adolescent offspring. This correlation could in part reflect their genetic relatedness, if the same genes influence behaviours in both parents and offspring. We use a Children-of-Twins design to assess whether parent-reported criticism and offspring internalising symptoms remain associated after controlling for shared genes. To aid interpretation of our results and those of previous Children-of-Twins studies, we examine statistical power for the detection of genetic effects and explore the direction of possible causal effects between generations. METHODS: Data were drawn from two Swedish twin samples, comprising 876 adult twin pairs with adolescent offspring and 1,030 adolescent twin pairs with parents. Parent reports of criticism towards their offspring were collected concurrently with parent and offspring reports of adolescent internalising symptoms. Children-of-Twins structural equation models were used to control for genetic influence on the intergenerational association between parental criticism and adolescent internalising. RESULTS: Parental criticism was associated with adolescent internalising symptoms after controlling for genetic influence. No significant role was found for shared genes influencing phenotypes in both generations, although power analyses suggested that some genetic effects may have gone undetected. Models could not distinguish directionality for nongenetic, causal effects between generations. CONCLUSIONS: Parental criticism may be involved in psychosocial family processes in the context of adolescent internalising. Future studies should seek to identify these processes and provide clarity on the direction of potential causal effects. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13498 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=476

Socioeconomic status and risk for child psychopathology: exploring gene?environment interaction in the presence of gene?environment correlation using extended families in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Birth Cohort Study / Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH ; Daniel L. WECHSLER ; Torkild H. LYNGSTAD ; Christopher RAYNER ; Espen M. EILERTSEN ; Helena M.S. ZAVOS ; Eivind YSTROM ; Tom A. MCADAMS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 65-2 (February 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-2 (February 2024) . - p.176-187 Titre : Socioeconomic status and risk for child psychopathology: exploring gene?environment interaction in the presence of gene?environment correlation using extended families in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Birth Cohort Study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur ; Daniel L. WECHSLER, Auteur ; Torkild H. LYNGSTAD, Auteur ; Christopher RAYNER, Auteur ; Espen M. EILERTSEN, Auteur ; Helena M.S. ZAVOS, Auteur ; Eivind YSTROM, Auteur ; Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.176-187 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with increased risk for emotional and behavioural problems among children. Evidence from twin studies has shown that family SES moderates genetic and environmental influences on child mental health. However, it is also known that SES is itself under genetic influence and previous gene?environment interaction (G*E) studies have not incorporated the potential genetic overlap between child mental health and family SES into G*E analyses. We applied a novel approach using extended family data to investigate the moderation of aetiological influences on child emotional and behavioural problems by parental socioeconomic status in the presence of modelled gene?environment correlation. Methods The sample comprised >28,100 children in extended-family units drawn from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Mothers reported children's emotional and behavioural symptoms. Parents' income and educational attainment were obtained through linkage to administrative register data. Bivariate moderation Multiple-Children-of-Twins-and-Siblings (MCoTS) models were used to analyse relationships between offspring outcomes (emotional and behavioural symptom scores) and parental socioeconomic moderators (income rank and educational attainment). Results The aetiology of child emotional symptoms was moderated by maternal and paternal educational attainment. Shared environmental influences on child emotional symptoms were greater at lower levels of parents' education. The aetiology of child behavioural symptoms was moderated by maternal, but not paternal, socioeconomic factors. Genetic factors shared between maternal income and child behavioural symptoms were greater in families with lower levels maternal income. Nonshared environmental influences on child behavioural symptoms were greater in families with higher maternal income and education. Conclusions Parental socioeconomic indicators moderated familial influences and nonshared environmental influences on child emotional and behavioural outcomes. Maternal SES and child mental health share aetiological overlap such that shared genetic influence was greater at the lower end of the socioeconomic distribution. Our findings collectively highlight the role that family socioeconomic factors play in shaping the origins of child emotional and behavioural problems. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13872 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=520 [article] Socioeconomic status and risk for child psychopathology: exploring gene?environment interaction in the presence of gene?environment correlation using extended families in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Birth Cohort Study [texte imprimé] / Yasmin I. AHMADZADEH, Auteur ; Daniel L. WECHSLER, Auteur ; Torkild H. LYNGSTAD, Auteur ; Christopher RAYNER, Auteur ; Espen M. EILERTSEN, Auteur ; Helena M.S. ZAVOS, Auteur ; Eivind YSTROM, Auteur ; Tom A. MCADAMS, Auteur . - p.176-187. in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 65-2 (February 2024) . - p.176-187 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with increased risk for emotional and behavioural problems among children. Evidence from twin studies has shown that family SES moderates genetic and environmental influences on child mental health. However, it is also known that SES is itself under genetic influence and previous gene?environment interaction (G*E) studies have not incorporated the potential genetic overlap between child mental health and family SES into G*E analyses. We applied a novel approach using extended family data to investigate the moderation of aetiological influences on child emotional and behavioural problems by parental socioeconomic status in the presence of modelled gene?environment correlation. Methods The sample comprised >28,100 children in extended-family units drawn from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Mothers reported children's emotional and behavioural symptoms. Parents' income and educational attainment were obtained through linkage to administrative register data. Bivariate moderation Multiple-Children-of-Twins-and-Siblings (MCoTS) models were used to analyse relationships between offspring outcomes (emotional and behavioural symptom scores) and parental socioeconomic moderators (income rank and educational attainment). Results The aetiology of child emotional symptoms was moderated by maternal and paternal educational attainment. Shared environmental influences on child emotional symptoms were greater at lower levels of parents' education. The aetiology of child behavioural symptoms was moderated by maternal, but not paternal, socioeconomic factors. Genetic factors shared between maternal income and child behavioural symptoms were greater in families with lower levels maternal income. Nonshared environmental influences on child behavioural symptoms were greater in families with higher maternal income and education. Conclusions Parental socioeconomic indicators moderated familial influences and nonshared environmental influences on child emotional and behavioural outcomes. Maternal SES and child mental health share aetiological overlap such that shared genetic influence was greater at the lower end of the socioeconomic distribution. Our findings collectively highlight the role that family socioeconomic factors play in shaping the origins of child emotional and behavioural problems. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13872 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=520

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