Altered theta-beta ratio in infancy associates with family history of ADHD and later ADHD-relevant temperamental traits / Jannath BEGUM-ALI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1057-1067 Titre : Altered theta-beta ratio in infancy associates with family history of ADHD and later ADHD-relevant temperamental traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Amy GOODWIN, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1057-1067 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Electroencephalography  Female  Humans  Infant  Male  Prospective Studies  Theta Rhythm  Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  infancy  theta-beta ratio Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Uncovering the neural mechanisms that underlie symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) requires studying brain development prior to the emergence of behavioural difficulties. One new approach to this is prospective studies of infants with an elevated likelihood of developing ADHD. METHODS: We used a prospective design to examine an oscillatory electroencephalography profile that has been widely studied in both children and adults with ADHD - the balance between lower and higher frequencies operationalised as the theta-beta ratio (TBR). In the present study, we examined TBR in 136 10-month-old infants (72 male and 64 female) with/without an elevated likelihood of developing ADHD and/or a comparison disorder (Autism Spectrum Disorder; ASD). RESULTS: Infants with a first-degree relative with ADHD demonstrated lower TBR than infants without a first-degree relative with ADHD. Further, lower TBR at 10months was positively associated with temperament dimensions conceptually related to ADHD at 2years. TBR was not altered in infants with a family history of ASD. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first demonstration that alterations in TBR are present prior to behavioural symptoms of ADHD. However, these alterations manifest differently than those sometimes observed in older children with an ADHD diagnosis. Importantly, altered TBR was not seen in infants at elevated likelihood of developing ASD, suggesting a degree of specificity to ADHD. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that there are brain changes associated with a family history of ADHD observable in the first year of life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13563 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Altered theta-beta ratio in infancy associates with family history of ADHD and later ADHD-relevant temperamental traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Amy GOODWIN, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur . - p.1057-1067. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1057-1067 Mots-clés : Adult  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Child  Electroencephalography  Female  Humans  Infant  Male  Prospective Studies  Theta Rhythm  Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  infancy  theta-beta ratio Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Uncovering the neural mechanisms that underlie symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) requires studying brain development prior to the emergence of behavioural difficulties. One new approach to this is prospective studies of infants with an elevated likelihood of developing ADHD. METHODS: We used a prospective design to examine an oscillatory electroencephalography profile that has been widely studied in both children and adults with ADHD - the balance between lower and higher frequencies operationalised as the theta-beta ratio (TBR). In the present study, we examined TBR in 136 10-month-old infants (72 male and 64 female) with/without an elevated likelihood of developing ADHD and/or a comparison disorder (Autism Spectrum Disorder; ASD). RESULTS: Infants with a first-degree relative with ADHD demonstrated lower TBR than infants without a first-degree relative with ADHD. Further, lower TBR at 10months was positively associated with temperament dimensions conceptually related to ADHD at 2years. TBR was not altered in infants with a family history of ASD. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first demonstration that alterations in TBR are present prior to behavioural symptoms of ADHD. However, these alterations manifest differently than those sometimes observed in older children with an ADHD diagnosis. Importantly, altered TBR was not seen in infants at elevated likelihood of developing ASD, suggesting a degree of specificity to ADHD. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that there are brain changes associated with a family history of ADHD observable in the first year of life. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13563 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Developmental trajectories in infants and pre-school children with Neurofibromatosis 1 / Hannah SLEVIN in Molecular Autism, 15 (2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 45p. Titre : Developmental trajectories in infants and pre-school children with Neurofibromatosis 1 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hannah SLEVIN, Auteur ; Fiona KEHINDE, Auteur ; Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Ceri ELLIS, Auteur ; Emma BURKITT-WRIGHT, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; EDEN-STAARS TEAM, Auteur Article en page(s) : 45p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Neurofibromatosis 1  Infant  Female  Male  Child, Preschool  Cognition  Child Development  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis  Prospective Studies  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Adhd  Autism  Children  Cohort  Nf1  Neurofibromatosis  Trajectories  has received royalties from Sage Publications and Guilford Publications. The  other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children with Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) show cognitive, behavioural and social differences compared to their peers. However, the age and sequence at which these differences begin to emerge is not fully understood. This prospective cohort study examines the cognitive, behavioural, ADHD trait and autism symptom development in infant and pre-school children with NF1 compared with typically developing (TD) children without a family history of neurodevelopmental conditions. METHODS: Data from standardised tests was gathered at 5, 10, 14, 24 and 36 months of age (NF1 n = 35, TD n = 29). Developmental trajectories of cognitive (Mullen Scales of Early Learning, MSEL) and adaptive behavioural (Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, VABS) development from 5 to 36 months were analysed using linear mixed modelling. Measures of ADHD (Child Behavior Checklist) and autism traits (ADOS-2, BOSA-MV and ADI-R) were assessed at 24 and 36 months. RESULTS: The developmental trajectory of cognitive skills (all domains of the MSEL) and behavioural skills (four domains of the VABS) differed significantly between NF1 and TD groups. Post-hoc tests demonstrated that the NF1 participants scored significantly lower than TD participants at 24 months on all MSEL and VABS domains. The NF1 cohort demonstrated higher mean autism and ADHD traits at 24 months and 14% of the NF1 cohort met a research diagnostic classification for autism at 36 months. LIMITATIONS: The study has a relatively small sample size due to variable retention and rolling recruitment. Due to limitations imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, we utilised the Brief Observation of Symptoms of Autism for Minimally Verbal children (BOSA-MV) for some participants, which was administered online and may not gather as accurate a picture of traits as ADOS-2. The BOSA-MV was utilised for 41% of participants with NF1 at 36 months compared to 11% at 24 months. This may explain the reduction in the percentage of children with NF1 that met autism criteria at 36 months. CONCLUSIONS: By 24 months of age, the NF1 cohort show lower cognitive skills and adaptive behaviour and higher levels of autism and ADHD traits as compared to TD children. This has implications for developmental monitoring and referral for early interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00621-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538 [article] Developmental trajectories in infants and pre-school children with Neurofibromatosis 1 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hannah SLEVIN, Auteur ; Fiona KEHINDE, Auteur ; Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Ceri ELLIS, Auteur ; Emma BURKITT-WRIGHT, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; EDEN-STAARS TEAM, Auteur . - 45p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 45p. Mots-clés : Humans  Neurofibromatosis 1  Infant  Female  Male  Child, Preschool  Cognition  Child Development  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis  Prospective Studies  Autistic Disorder/diagnosis  Adhd  Autism  Children  Cohort  Nf1  Neurofibromatosis  Trajectories  has received royalties from Sage Publications and Guilford Publications. The  other authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children with Neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) show cognitive, behavioural and social differences compared to their peers. However, the age and sequence at which these differences begin to emerge is not fully understood. This prospective cohort study examines the cognitive, behavioural, ADHD trait and autism symptom development in infant and pre-school children with NF1 compared with typically developing (TD) children without a family history of neurodevelopmental conditions. METHODS: Data from standardised tests was gathered at 5, 10, 14, 24 and 36 months of age (NF1 n = 35, TD n = 29). Developmental trajectories of cognitive (Mullen Scales of Early Learning, MSEL) and adaptive behavioural (Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, VABS) development from 5 to 36 months were analysed using linear mixed modelling. Measures of ADHD (Child Behavior Checklist) and autism traits (ADOS-2, BOSA-MV and ADI-R) were assessed at 24 and 36 months. RESULTS: The developmental trajectory of cognitive skills (all domains of the MSEL) and behavioural skills (four domains of the VABS) differed significantly between NF1 and TD groups. Post-hoc tests demonstrated that the NF1 participants scored significantly lower than TD participants at 24 months on all MSEL and VABS domains. The NF1 cohort demonstrated higher mean autism and ADHD traits at 24 months and 14% of the NF1 cohort met a research diagnostic classification for autism at 36 months. LIMITATIONS: The study has a relatively small sample size due to variable retention and rolling recruitment. Due to limitations imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, we utilised the Brief Observation of Symptoms of Autism for Minimally Verbal children (BOSA-MV) for some participants, which was administered online and may not gather as accurate a picture of traits as ADOS-2. The BOSA-MV was utilised for 41% of participants with NF1 at 36 months compared to 11% at 24 months. This may explain the reduction in the percentage of children with NF1 that met autism criteria at 36 months. CONCLUSIONS: By 24 months of age, the NF1 cohort show lower cognitive skills and adaptive behaviour and higher levels of autism and ADHD traits as compared to TD children. This has implications for developmental monitoring and referral for early interventions. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Not applicable. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00621-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538

Infant excitation/inhibition balance interacts with executive attention to predict autistic traits in childhood / Virginia CARTER LENO in Molecular Autism, 13 (2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 46 p. Titre : Infant excitation/inhibition balance interacts with executive attention to predict autistic traits in childhood Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Virginia CARTER LENO, Auteur ; Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Amy GOODWIN, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur ; EDEN, Auteur ; STAARS TEAMS, Auteur Article en page(s) : 46 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Child, Preschool  Infant  Aged  Adhd  Autism  E/I balance  Executive functioning  Infants  NF1  has received royalties from Sage Publications and Guilford Publications. The  other authors declare no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism is proposed to be characterised by an atypical balance of cortical excitation and inhibition (E/I). However, most studies have examined E/I alterations in older autistic individuals, meaning that findings could in part reflect homeostatic compensation. To assess the directionality of effects, it is necessary to examine alterations in E/I balance early in the lifespan before symptom emergence. Recent explanatory frameworks have argued that it is also necessary to consider how early risk features interact with later developing modifier factors to predict autism outcomes. METHOD: We indexed E/I balance in early infancy by extracting the aperiodic exponent of the slope of the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum ('1/f'). To validate our index of E/I balance, we tested for differences in the aperiodic exponent in 10-month-old infants with (n=22) and without (n=27) neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a condition thought to be characterised by alterations to cortical inhibition. We then tested for E/I alterations in a larger heterogeneous longitudinal cohort of infants with and without a family history of neurodevelopmental conditions (n=150) who had been followed to early childhood. We tested the relevance of alterations in E/I balance and our proposed modifier, executive attention, by assessing whether associations between 10-month aperiodic slope and 36-month neurodevelopmental traits were moderated by 24-month executive attention. Analyses adjusted for age at EEG assessment, sex and number of EEG trials. RESULTS: Infants with NF1 were characterised by a higher aperiodic exponent, indicative of greater inhibition, supporting our infant measure of E/I. Longitudinal analyses showed a significant interaction between aperiodic slope and executive attention, such that higher aperiodic exponents predicted greater autistic traits in childhood, but only in infants who also had weaker executive functioning abilities. LIMITATIONS: The current study relied on parent report of infant executive functioning-type abilities; future work is required to replicate effects with objective measures of cognition. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest alterations in E/I balance are on the developmental pathway to autism outcomes, and that higher executive functioning abilities may buffer the impact of early cortical atypicalities, consistent with proposals that stronger executive functioning abilities may modify the impact of a wide range of risk factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00526-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491 [article] Infant excitation/inhibition balance interacts with executive attention to predict autistic traits in childhood [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Virginia CARTER LENO, Auteur ; Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Amy GOODWIN, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Andrew PICKLES, Auteur ; Shruti GARG, Auteur ; Jonathan GREEN, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur ; EDEN, Auteur ; STAARS TEAMS, Auteur . - 46 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 13 (2022) . - 46 p. Mots-clés : Humans  Child, Preschool  Infant  Aged  Adhd  Autism  E/I balance  Executive functioning  Infants  NF1  has received royalties from Sage Publications and Guilford Publications. The  other authors declare no competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism is proposed to be characterised by an atypical balance of cortical excitation and inhibition (E/I). However, most studies have examined E/I alterations in older autistic individuals, meaning that findings could in part reflect homeostatic compensation. To assess the directionality of effects, it is necessary to examine alterations in E/I balance early in the lifespan before symptom emergence. Recent explanatory frameworks have argued that it is also necessary to consider how early risk features interact with later developing modifier factors to predict autism outcomes. METHOD: We indexed E/I balance in early infancy by extracting the aperiodic exponent of the slope of the electroencephalogram (EEG) power spectrum ('1/f'). To validate our index of E/I balance, we tested for differences in the aperiodic exponent in 10-month-old infants with (n=22) and without (n=27) neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), a condition thought to be characterised by alterations to cortical inhibition. We then tested for E/I alterations in a larger heterogeneous longitudinal cohort of infants with and without a family history of neurodevelopmental conditions (n=150) who had been followed to early childhood. We tested the relevance of alterations in E/I balance and our proposed modifier, executive attention, by assessing whether associations between 10-month aperiodic slope and 36-month neurodevelopmental traits were moderated by 24-month executive attention. Analyses adjusted for age at EEG assessment, sex and number of EEG trials. RESULTS: Infants with NF1 were characterised by a higher aperiodic exponent, indicative of greater inhibition, supporting our infant measure of E/I. Longitudinal analyses showed a significant interaction between aperiodic slope and executive attention, such that higher aperiodic exponents predicted greater autistic traits in childhood, but only in infants who also had weaker executive functioning abilities. LIMITATIONS: The current study relied on parent report of infant executive functioning-type abilities; future work is required to replicate effects with objective measures of cognition. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest alterations in E/I balance are on the developmental pathway to autism outcomes, and that higher executive functioning abilities may buffer the impact of early cortical atypicalities, consistent with proposals that stronger executive functioning abilities may modify the impact of a wide range of risk factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-022-00526-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=491

Infant sleep predicts trajectories of social attention and later autism traits / Jannath BEGUM-ALI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-8 (August 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-8 (August 2023) . - p.1200-1211 Titre : Infant sleep predicts trajectories of social attention and later autism traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Louisa K. GOSSÉ, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur ; Staars Team THE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1200-1211 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  infancy  autism spectrum disorder  sleep  social attention  eye tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Children with neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often experience sleep disturbances, but little is known about when these sleep differences emerge and how they relate to later development. Methods We used a prospective longitudinal design in infants with a family history of ASD and/or ADHD to examine infant sleep and its relation to trajectories of attention and later neurodevelopmental disorders. We formed factors of Day and Night Sleep from parent-reported measures (including day/night sleep duration, number of naps in the day, frequency of night awakenings and sleep onset problems). We examined sleep in 164 infants at 5-, 10- and 14-months with/without a first-degree relative with ASD and/or ADHD who underwent a consensus clinical assessment for ASD at age 3. Results By 14-months, infants with a first-degree relative with ASD (but not ADHD) showed lower Night Sleep scores than infants with no family history of ASD; lower Night Sleep scores in infancy were also associated with a later ASD diagnosis, decreased cognitive ability, increased ASD symptomatology at 3-years, and developing social attention (e.g., looking to faces). We found no such effects with Day Sleep. Conclusions Sleep disturbances may be apparent at night from 14-months in infants with a family history of ASD and also those with later ASD, but were not associated with a family history of ADHD. Infant sleep disturbances were also linked to later dimensional variation in cognitive and social skills across the cohort. Night Sleep and Social Attention were interrelated over the first 2 years of life, suggesting that this may be one mechanism through which sleep quality influences neurodevelopment. Interventions targeted towards supporting families with their infant's sleep problems may be useful in this population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13791 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Infant sleep predicts trajectories of social attention and later autism traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jannath BEGUM-ALI, Auteur ; Louisa K. GOSSÉ, Auteur ; Luke MASON, Auteur ; Greg PASCO, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; Mark H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur ; Staars Team THE, Auteur . - p.1200-1211. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-8 (August 2023) . - p.1200-1211 Mots-clés : Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  infancy  autism spectrum disorder  sleep  social attention  eye tracking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Children with neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often experience sleep disturbances, but little is known about when these sleep differences emerge and how they relate to later development. Methods We used a prospective longitudinal design in infants with a family history of ASD and/or ADHD to examine infant sleep and its relation to trajectories of attention and later neurodevelopmental disorders. We formed factors of Day and Night Sleep from parent-reported measures (including day/night sleep duration, number of naps in the day, frequency of night awakenings and sleep onset problems). We examined sleep in 164 infants at 5-, 10- and 14-months with/without a first-degree relative with ASD and/or ADHD who underwent a consensus clinical assessment for ASD at age 3. Results By 14-months, infants with a first-degree relative with ASD (but not ADHD) showed lower Night Sleep scores than infants with no family history of ASD; lower Night Sleep scores in infancy were also associated with a later ASD diagnosis, decreased cognitive ability, increased ASD symptomatology at 3-years, and developing social attention (e.g., looking to faces). We found no such effects with Day Sleep. Conclusions Sleep disturbances may be apparent at night from 14-months in infants with a family history of ASD and also those with later ASD, but were not associated with a family history of ADHD. Infant sleep disturbances were also linked to later dimensional variation in cognitive and social skills across the cohort. Night Sleep and Social Attention were interrelated over the first 2 years of life, suggesting that this may be one mechanism through which sleep quality influences neurodevelopment. Interventions targeted towards supporting families with their infant's sleep problems may be useful in this population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13791 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

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