Gut mobilization improves behavioral symptoms and modulates urinary p-cresol in chronically constipated autistic children: A prospective study / Laura TURRIZIANI in Autism Research, 15-1 (January 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 15-1 (January 2022) . - p.56-69 Titre : Gut mobilization improves behavioral symptoms and modulates urinary p-cresol in chronically constipated autistic children: A prospective study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Laura TURRIZIANI, Auteur ; Arianna RICCIARDELLO, Auteur ; Francesca CUCINOTTA, Auteur ; Fabiana BELLOMO, Auteur ; Giada TURTURO, Auteur ; Maria BONCODDO, Auteur ; Silvestro MIRABELLI, Auteur ; Maria Luisa SCATTONI, Auteur ; Maddalena ROSSI, Auteur ; Antonio M. PERSICO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.56-69 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications  Behavioral Symptoms  Child  Child, Preschool  Constipation/complications  Cresols/urine  Gastrointestinal Microbiome  Gastrointestinal Motility  Humans  Prospective Studies  4-cresol  anxiety  autism  autism spectrum disorder  biomarkers  constipation  microbiota Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Chronic constipation is common among children with ASD and is associated with more severe hyperactivity, anxiety, irritability, and repetitive behaviors. Young autistic children with chronic constipation display higher urinary, and foecal concentrations of p-cresol, an aromatic compound produced by gut bacteria, known to negatively affect brain function. Acute p-cresol administration to BTBR mice enhances anxiety, hyperactivity and stereotypic behaviors, while blunting social interaction. This study was undertaken to prospectively assess the behavioral effects of gut mobilization in young autistic children with chronic constipation, and to verify their possible correlation with urinary p-cresol. To this aim, 21 chronically constipated autistic children 2-8 years old were evaluated before (T0), 1 month (T1), and 6 months (T2) after intestinal mobilization, recording Bristol stool scale scores, urinary p-cresol concentrations, and behavioral scores for social interaction deficits, stereotypic behaviors, anxiety, and hyperactivity. Gut mobilization yielded a progressive and highly significant decrease in all behavioral symptoms over the 6-month study period. Urinary p-cresol levels displayed variable trends not significantly correlated with changes in behavioral parameters, mainly increasing at T1 and decreasing at T2. These results support gut mobilization as a simple strategy to ameliorate ASD symptoms, as well as comorbid anxiety and hyperactivity, in chronically constipated children. Variation in p-cresol absorption seemingly provides limited contributions, if any, to these behavioral changes. Further research will be needed to address the relative role of reduced abdominal discomfort following mobilization, as compared to specific modifications in microbiome composition and in gut bacteria-derived neuroactive compounds. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2639 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450 [article] Gut mobilization improves behavioral symptoms and modulates urinary p-cresol in chronically constipated autistic children: A prospective study [texte imprimé] / Laura TURRIZIANI, Auteur ; Arianna RICCIARDELLO, Auteur ; Francesca CUCINOTTA, Auteur ; Fabiana BELLOMO, Auteur ; Giada TURTURO, Auteur ; Maria BONCODDO, Auteur ; Silvestro MIRABELLI, Auteur ; Maria Luisa SCATTONI, Auteur ; Maddalena ROSSI, Auteur ; Antonio M. PERSICO, Auteur . - p.56-69. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 15-1 (January 2022) . - p.56-69 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications  Autistic Disorder/complications  Behavioral Symptoms  Child  Child, Preschool  Constipation/complications  Cresols/urine  Gastrointestinal Microbiome  Gastrointestinal Motility  Humans  Prospective Studies  4-cresol  anxiety  autism  autism spectrum disorder  biomarkers  constipation  microbiota Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Chronic constipation is common among children with ASD and is associated with more severe hyperactivity, anxiety, irritability, and repetitive behaviors. Young autistic children with chronic constipation display higher urinary, and foecal concentrations of p-cresol, an aromatic compound produced by gut bacteria, known to negatively affect brain function. Acute p-cresol administration to BTBR mice enhances anxiety, hyperactivity and stereotypic behaviors, while blunting social interaction. This study was undertaken to prospectively assess the behavioral effects of gut mobilization in young autistic children with chronic constipation, and to verify their possible correlation with urinary p-cresol. To this aim, 21 chronically constipated autistic children 2-8 years old were evaluated before (T0), 1 month (T1), and 6 months (T2) after intestinal mobilization, recording Bristol stool scale scores, urinary p-cresol concentrations, and behavioral scores for social interaction deficits, stereotypic behaviors, anxiety, and hyperactivity. Gut mobilization yielded a progressive and highly significant decrease in all behavioral symptoms over the 6-month study period. Urinary p-cresol levels displayed variable trends not significantly correlated with changes in behavioral parameters, mainly increasing at T1 and decreasing at T2. These results support gut mobilization as a simple strategy to ameliorate ASD symptoms, as well as comorbid anxiety and hyperactivity, in chronically constipated children. Variation in p-cresol absorption seemingly provides limited contributions, if any, to these behavioral changes. Further research will be needed to address the relative role of reduced abdominal discomfort following mobilization, as compared to specific modifications in microbiome composition and in gut bacteria-derived neuroactive compounds. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2639 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=450

The use of multisensory environments in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review / Simona LEONARDI in Autism, 29-8 (August 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 29-8 (August 2025) . - p.1921-1938 Titre : The use of multisensory environments in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Simona LEONARDI, Auteur ; Marcella DI CARA, Auteur ; Silvia GILIBERTO, Auteur ; Adriana PICCOLO, Auteur ; Carmela DE DOMENICO, Auteur ; Giulia LEONARDI, Auteur ; Angelo ALITO, Auteur ; Rosamaria SIRACUSANO, Auteur ; Rocco Salvatore CALABRÃ’, Auteur ; Angelo QUARTARONE, Auteur ; Francesca CUCINOTTA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1921-1938 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  autism spectrum disorders  intervention  multisensory environment  multisensory room  rehabilitation  sensory rooms  Snoezelen®  systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Multisensory environment is a setting designed with activities and tools that offered sensory stimulation. Despite their widespread use, no evidence-based guidelines are currently available. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the impact of multisensory environment interventions in autism and to provide guidelines. We included all studies of multisensory environment interventions for autistic individuals retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct up to 30 September 2024. Two researchers appraised the included literature and extracted the data. A total of 1247 unique records were screened for eligibility, and 10 studies were included. Data extraction included demographic characteristics, type of intervention, target symptoms, and outcome measures. Quality assessment tools included the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias for randomized controlled trials. The studies were synthesized narratively based on target symptoms. Four studies reported reductions in stereotypic behavior frequency in children and adults; while other studies suggest positive effects on sustained attention, and aggressive and sensory behaviors. Overall, there was insufficient evidence due to the paucity of literature, the significant variation between interventions, and the small sample sizes. Future research should aim to develop a structured intervention approach to address the common limitations of the included designs.Lay abstract Multisensory rooms, also known as multisensory environments, are widely used in clinical practice and schools for autistic people. Despite their widespread use, their usefulness or effectiveness in achieving specific improvements is still unclear. We carry out a comprehensive and systematic quality assessment of all available studies to test the effectiveness of multisensory environment interventions in autism spectrum disorder and to explore what type of targeted intervention is needed to improve both core symptoms and associated features. The results show that multisensory environment could be a useful tool to modulate aggressive and stereotyped behaviors in autistic individuals. Although there is insufficient evidence to conclude on the efficacy of multisensory environment for other types of targets, overall, the results may provide valuable insights for the development of future studies concerning the utility of multisensory environment in therapeutic intervention. En ligne : https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/13623613251320424 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=564 [article] The use of multisensory environments in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review [texte imprimé] / Simona LEONARDI, Auteur ; Marcella DI CARA, Auteur ; Silvia GILIBERTO, Auteur ; Adriana PICCOLO, Auteur ; Carmela DE DOMENICO, Auteur ; Giulia LEONARDI, Auteur ; Angelo ALITO, Auteur ; Rosamaria SIRACUSANO, Auteur ; Rocco Salvatore CALABRÃ’, Auteur ; Angelo QUARTARONE, Auteur ; Francesca CUCINOTTA, Auteur . - p.1921-1938. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 29-8 (August 2025) . - p.1921-1938 Mots-clés : autism  autism spectrum disorders  intervention  multisensory environment  multisensory room  rehabilitation  sensory rooms  Snoezelen®  systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Multisensory environment is a setting designed with activities and tools that offered sensory stimulation. Despite their widespread use, no evidence-based guidelines are currently available. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the impact of multisensory environment interventions in autism and to provide guidelines. We included all studies of multisensory environment interventions for autistic individuals retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct up to 30 September 2024. Two researchers appraised the included literature and extracted the data. A total of 1247 unique records were screened for eligibility, and 10 studies were included. Data extraction included demographic characteristics, type of intervention, target symptoms, and outcome measures. Quality assessment tools included the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Cochrane Risk of Bias for randomized controlled trials. The studies were synthesized narratively based on target symptoms. Four studies reported reductions in stereotypic behavior frequency in children and adults; while other studies suggest positive effects on sustained attention, and aggressive and sensory behaviors. Overall, there was insufficient evidence due to the paucity of literature, the significant variation between interventions, and the small sample sizes. Future research should aim to develop a structured intervention approach to address the common limitations of the included designs.Lay abstract Multisensory rooms, also known as multisensory environments, are widely used in clinical practice and schools for autistic people. Despite their widespread use, their usefulness or effectiveness in achieving specific improvements is still unclear. We carry out a comprehensive and systematic quality assessment of all available studies to test the effectiveness of multisensory environment interventions in autism spectrum disorder and to explore what type of targeted intervention is needed to improve both core symptoms and associated features. The results show that multisensory environment could be a useful tool to modulate aggressive and stereotyped behaviors in autistic individuals. Although there is insufficient evidence to conclude on the efficacy of multisensory environment for other types of targets, overall, the results may provide valuable insights for the development of future studies concerning the utility of multisensory environment in therapeutic intervention. En ligne : https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/13623613251320424 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=564

Toe walking in children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Relationship with sensory and motor functions,language, cognition, and autism severity / Roberto SACCO ; Maria BONCODDO ; Fabiana BELLOMO ; Francesca CUCINOTTA ; Arianna RICCIARDELLO ; Laura TURRIZIANI ; Pasquale TOMAIUOLO ; Riccardo Cuoghi COSTANTINI ; Roberto D'AMICO ; Antonio M. PERSICO in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 117 (September 2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 117 (September 2024) . - p.102457 Titre : Toe walking in children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Relationship with sensory and motor functions,language, cognition, and autism severity Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Roberto SACCO, Auteur ; Maria BONCODDO, Auteur ; Fabiana BELLOMO, Auteur ; Francesca CUCINOTTA, Auteur ; Arianna RICCIARDELLO, Auteur ; Laura TURRIZIANI, Auteur ; Pasquale TOMAIUOLO, Auteur ; Riccardo Cuoghi COSTANTINI, Auteur ; Roberto D'AMICO, Auteur ; Antonio M. PERSICO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.102457 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Intellectual Disability  Primitive reflex  Sensory profile  Toe walking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often present motor signs and symptoms, including toe walking (TW). The pathophysiology of TW in ASD is not fully understood. In particular, it is debated whether it may represent a persistent primitive walking pattern or the result of abnormal processing of sensory input from the lower limbs and feet. The present study is aimed at assessing the association between TW and cognitive, sensory, motor and language functions, as well as autism severity. Method We enrolled 112 children and adolescents with ASD, 61 with TW and 51 without TW. A complete psychodiagnostic assessment was performed, including ADOS-2, ADI-R, PEP-3, IQ testing or Griffiths Mental Developmental Scales, and Short Sensory Profile. Results Children and adolescents with TW have significantly lower cognitive level, greater language and motor impairment, as well as greater autism severity. Instead, no difference in severity of sensory abnormalities or in sensory profile emerges between cases with and without TW. Conclusions the present data are most compatible with a model interpreting TW as a behavioral pattern resulting from the persistence of a primitive walking pattern (i.e. lack of heel strike, prior to the acquisition of plantar walking) or possibly of archaic tonic reflexes, rather than as a consequence primarily of abnormal sensory processing. Health practitioners should monitor the gait of autistic children and plan appropriate interventions, aimed at promoting the adoption of more mature plantar walking patterns. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102457 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=534 [article] Toe walking in children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Relationship with sensory and motor functions,language, cognition, and autism severity [texte imprimé] / Roberto SACCO, Auteur ; Maria BONCODDO, Auteur ; Fabiana BELLOMO, Auteur ; Francesca CUCINOTTA, Auteur ; Arianna RICCIARDELLO, Auteur ; Laura TURRIZIANI, Auteur ; Pasquale TOMAIUOLO, Auteur ; Riccardo Cuoghi COSTANTINI, Auteur ; Roberto D'AMICO, Auteur ; Antonio M. PERSICO, Auteur . - p.102457. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 117 (September 2024) . - p.102457 Mots-clés : Autism  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Intellectual Disability  Primitive reflex  Sensory profile  Toe walking Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often present motor signs and symptoms, including toe walking (TW). The pathophysiology of TW in ASD is not fully understood. In particular, it is debated whether it may represent a persistent primitive walking pattern or the result of abnormal processing of sensory input from the lower limbs and feet. The present study is aimed at assessing the association between TW and cognitive, sensory, motor and language functions, as well as autism severity. Method We enrolled 112 children and adolescents with ASD, 61 with TW and 51 without TW. A complete psychodiagnostic assessment was performed, including ADOS-2, ADI-R, PEP-3, IQ testing or Griffiths Mental Developmental Scales, and Short Sensory Profile. Results Children and adolescents with TW have significantly lower cognitive level, greater language and motor impairment, as well as greater autism severity. Instead, no difference in severity of sensory abnormalities or in sensory profile emerges between cases with and without TW. Conclusions the present data are most compatible with a model interpreting TW as a behavioral pattern resulting from the persistence of a primitive walking pattern (i.e. lack of heel strike, prior to the acquisition of plantar walking) or possibly of archaic tonic reflexes, rather than as a consequence primarily of abnormal sensory processing. Health practitioners should monitor the gait of autistic children and plan appropriate interventions, aimed at promoting the adoption of more mature plantar walking patterns. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2024.102457 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=534

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