Fetal brain growth and infant autistic traits / Ezra AYDIN in Molecular Autism, 15 (2024)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 11p. Titre : Fetal brain growth and infant autistic traits Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ezra AYDIN, Auteur ; Alex TSOMPANIDIS, Auteur ; Daren CHAPLIN, Auteur ; Rebecca HAWKES, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Gerald HACKETT, Auteur ; Topun AUSTIN, Auteur ; EglÄ— PADAIGAITÄ–, Auteur ; Lidia V. GABIS, Auteur ; John SUCKING, Auteur ; Rosemary J. HOLT, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 11p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Male  Infant  Pregnancy  Female  Humans  Autistic Disorder/diagnostic imaging  Brain/diagnostic imaging  Gestational Age  Autistic traits  Early brain development  Q-chat  Transcerebellar diameter  Ultrasound Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Structural differences exist in the brains of autistic individuals. To date only a few studies have explored the relationship between fetal brain growth and later infant autistic traits, and some have used fetal head circumference (HC) as a proxy for brain development. These findings have been inconsistent. Here we investigate whether fetal subregional brain measurements correlate with autistic traits in toddlers. METHODS: A total of 219 singleton pregnancies (104 males and 115 females) were recruited at the Rosie Hospital, Cambridge, UK. 2D ultrasound was performed at 12-, 20- and between 26 and 30 weeks of pregnancy, measuring head circumference (HC), ventricular atrium (VA) and transcerebellar diameter (TCD). A total of 179 infants were followed up at 18-20 months of age and completed the quantitative checklist for autism in toddlers (Q-CHAT) to measure autistic traits. RESULTS: Q-CHAT scores at 18-20 months of age were positively associated with TCD size at 20 weeks and with HC at 28 weeks, in univariate analyses, and in multiple regression models which controlled for sex, maternal age and birth weight. LIMITATIONS: Due to the nature and location of the study, ascertainment bias could also have contributed to the recruitment of volunteer mothers with a higher than typical range of autistic traits and/or with a significant interest in the neurodevelopment of their children. CONCLUSION: Prenatal brain growth is associated with toddler autistic traits and this can be ascertained via ultrasound starting at 20 weeks gestation. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00586-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538 [article] Fetal brain growth and infant autistic traits [texte imprimé] / Ezra AYDIN, Auteur ; Alex TSOMPANIDIS, Auteur ; Daren CHAPLIN, Auteur ; Rebecca HAWKES, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Gerald HACKETT, Auteur ; Topun AUSTIN, Auteur ; EglÄ— PADAIGAITÄ–, Auteur ; Lidia V. GABIS, Auteur ; John SUCKING, Auteur ; Rosemary J. HOLT, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - 11p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 15 (2024) . - 11p. Mots-clés : Male  Infant  Pregnancy  Female  Humans  Autistic Disorder/diagnostic imaging  Brain/diagnostic imaging  Gestational Age  Autistic traits  Early brain development  Q-chat  Transcerebellar diameter  Ultrasound Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Structural differences exist in the brains of autistic individuals. To date only a few studies have explored the relationship between fetal brain growth and later infant autistic traits, and some have used fetal head circumference (HC) as a proxy for brain development. These findings have been inconsistent. Here we investigate whether fetal subregional brain measurements correlate with autistic traits in toddlers. METHODS: A total of 219 singleton pregnancies (104 males and 115 females) were recruited at the Rosie Hospital, Cambridge, UK. 2D ultrasound was performed at 12-, 20- and between 26 and 30 weeks of pregnancy, measuring head circumference (HC), ventricular atrium (VA) and transcerebellar diameter (TCD). A total of 179 infants were followed up at 18-20 months of age and completed the quantitative checklist for autism in toddlers (Q-CHAT) to measure autistic traits. RESULTS: Q-CHAT scores at 18-20 months of age were positively associated with TCD size at 20 weeks and with HC at 28 weeks, in univariate analyses, and in multiple regression models which controlled for sex, maternal age and birth weight. LIMITATIONS: Due to the nature and location of the study, ascertainment bias could also have contributed to the recruitment of volunteer mothers with a higher than typical range of autistic traits and/or with a significant interest in the neurodevelopment of their children. CONCLUSION: Prenatal brain growth is associated with toddler autistic traits and this can be ascertained via ultrasound starting at 20 weeks gestation. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-024-00586-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=538

Is the association between mothers' autistic traits and childhood autistic traits moderated by maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index? / Alexandros TSOMPANIDIS ; Rama J. WAHAB ; Romy GAILLARD ; Ezra AYDIN ; Rosemary J. HOLT ; Carrie ALLISON ; Simon BARON-COHEN ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN ; Pauline W. JANSEN in Molecular Autism, 14 (2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 14 (2023) . - 46 p. Titre : Is the association between mothers' autistic traits and childhood autistic traits moderated by maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index? Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alexandros TSOMPANIDIS, Auteur ; Rama J. WAHAB, Auteur ; Romy GAILLARD, Auteur ; Ezra AYDIN, Auteur ; Rosemary J. HOLT, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN, Auteur ; Pauline W. JANSEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 46 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Pregnancy  Female  Adolescent  Humans  Child, Preschool  Body Mass Index  *Autistic Disorder  Mothers  Parents  Autistic traits  Children  Pre-pregnancy body mass index Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Previous studies showed that there is a positive association between mothers' and children's autistic traits. We also tested if this association is more pronounced in mothers with a higher pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI). METHOD: The study was embedded in two cohorts with information available for 4,659 participants from the Generation R and for 179 participants from the Cambridge Ultrasound Siblings and Parents Project (CUSP) cohort. In both cohorts, maternal autistic traits were assessed using the short form of the Autism Spectrum Quotient, and information about maternal height and weight before pregnancy was obtained by questionnaire. Child autistic traits were assessed with the short form of Social Responsiveness Scale in Generation R (M=13.5 years) and with the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Q-CHAT) in the CUSP cohort (M=1.6 years). RESULT: Higher maternal autistic traits were associated with higher autistic traits in toddlerhood (CUSP cohort; ?(adjusted)=0.20, p<0.01), in early childhood (Generation R; ?(adjusted)=0.19, p<0.01), and in early adolescence (Generation R; ?(adjusted)=0.16, p<0.01). Furthermore, a higher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with higher child autistic traits, but only in Generation R (?(adjusted)=0.03, p<0.01). There was no significant moderating effect of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI on the association between autistic traits of mothers and children, neither in Generation R nor in CUSP. In addition, child autistic traits scores were significantly higher in mothers who were underweight and in mothers who were overweight compared to mothers with a healthy weight. CONCLUSION: We confirm the association between maternal and child autistic traits in toddlerhood, early childhood, and early adolescence. Potential interacting neurobiological processes remain to be confirmed. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-023-00578-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Is the association between mothers' autistic traits and childhood autistic traits moderated by maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index? [texte imprimé] / Alexandros TSOMPANIDIS, Auteur ; Rama J. WAHAB, Auteur ; Romy GAILLARD, Auteur ; Ezra AYDIN, Auteur ; Rosemary J. HOLT, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Marinus H. VAN IJZENDOORN, Auteur ; Pauline W. JANSEN, Auteur . - 46 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 14 (2023) . - 46 p. Mots-clés : Pregnancy  Female  Adolescent  Humans  Child, Preschool  Body Mass Index  *Autistic Disorder  Mothers  Parents  Autistic traits  Children  Pre-pregnancy body mass index Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Previous studies showed that there is a positive association between mothers' and children's autistic traits. We also tested if this association is more pronounced in mothers with a higher pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI). METHOD: The study was embedded in two cohorts with information available for 4,659 participants from the Generation R and for 179 participants from the Cambridge Ultrasound Siblings and Parents Project (CUSP) cohort. In both cohorts, maternal autistic traits were assessed using the short form of the Autism Spectrum Quotient, and information about maternal height and weight before pregnancy was obtained by questionnaire. Child autistic traits were assessed with the short form of Social Responsiveness Scale in Generation R (M=13.5 years) and with the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Q-CHAT) in the CUSP cohort (M=1.6 years). RESULT: Higher maternal autistic traits were associated with higher autistic traits in toddlerhood (CUSP cohort; ?(adjusted)=0.20, p<0.01), in early childhood (Generation R; ?(adjusted)=0.19, p<0.01), and in early adolescence (Generation R; ?(adjusted)=0.16, p<0.01). Furthermore, a higher maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with higher child autistic traits, but only in Generation R (?(adjusted)=0.03, p<0.01). There was no significant moderating effect of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI on the association between autistic traits of mothers and children, neither in Generation R nor in CUSP. In addition, child autistic traits scores were significantly higher in mothers who were underweight and in mothers who were overweight compared to mothers with a healthy weight. CONCLUSION: We confirm the association between maternal and child autistic traits in toddlerhood, early childhood, and early adolescence. Potential interacting neurobiological processes remain to be confirmed. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-023-00578-x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Maternal steroid levels and the autistic traits of the mother and infant / Alexandros TSOMPANIDIS in Molecular Autism, 12 (2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 51 p. Titre : Maternal steroid levels and the autistic traits of the mother and infant Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Alexandros TSOMPANIDIS, Auteur ; Ezra AYDIN, Auteur ; E. PADAIGAITÄ–, Auteur ; Gareth RICHARDS, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Gerald HACKETT, Auteur ; Topun AUSTIN, Auteur ; Richard HOLT, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 51 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism  Autistic Traits  Estradiol  Interaction  Pregnancy  Prenatal  Sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prenatal sex steroids have been associated with autism in several clinical and epidemiological studies. It is unclear how this relates to the autistic traits of the mother and how early this can be detected during pregnancy and postnatal development. METHODS: Maternal serum was collected from pregnant women (n = 122) before or during their first ultrasound appointment [mean = 12.7 (SD = 0.7) weeks]. Concentrations of the following were measured via immunoassays: testosterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, progesterone; and sex hormone-binding globulin which was used to compute the free fractions of estradiol (FEI) and testosterone (FTI). Standardised human choriogonadotropin (hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) values were obtained from clinical records corresponding to the same serum samples. Mothers completed the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and for their infants, the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Q-CHAT) when the infants were between 18 and 20 months old. RESULTS: FEI was positively associated with maternal autistic traits in univariate (n = 108, Pearson's r = 0.22, p = 0.019) and multiple regression models (semipartial r = 0.19, p = 0.048) controlling for maternal age and a diagnosis of PCOS. Maternal estradiol levels significantly interacted with fetal sex in predicting infant Q-CHAT scores, with a positive relationship in males but not females (n = 100, interaction term: semipartial r = 0.23, p = 0.036) after controlling for maternal AQ and other covariates. The opposite was found for standardised hCG values and Q-CHAT scores, with a positive association in females but not in males (n = 151, interaction term: r = -0.25, p = 0.005). LIMITATIONS: Sample size of this cohort was small, with potential ascertainment bias given elective recruitment. Clinical covariates were controlled in multiple regression models, but additional research is needed to confirm the statistically significant findings in larger cohorts. CONCLUSION: Maternal steroid factors during pregnancy are associated with autistic traits in mothers and their infants. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00453-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459 [article] Maternal steroid levels and the autistic traits of the mother and infant [texte imprimé] / Alexandros TSOMPANIDIS, Auteur ; Ezra AYDIN, Auteur ; E. PADAIGAITÄ–, Auteur ; Gareth RICHARDS, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Gerald HACKETT, Auteur ; Topun AUSTIN, Auteur ; Richard HOLT, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur . - 51 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 12 (2021) . - 51 p. Mots-clés : Autism  Autistic Traits  Estradiol  Interaction  Pregnancy  Prenatal  Sex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Prenatal sex steroids have been associated with autism in several clinical and epidemiological studies. It is unclear how this relates to the autistic traits of the mother and how early this can be detected during pregnancy and postnatal development. METHODS: Maternal serum was collected from pregnant women (n = 122) before or during their first ultrasound appointment [mean = 12.7 (SD = 0.7) weeks]. Concentrations of the following were measured via immunoassays: testosterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, progesterone; and sex hormone-binding globulin which was used to compute the free fractions of estradiol (FEI) and testosterone (FTI). Standardised human choriogonadotropin (hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) values were obtained from clinical records corresponding to the same serum samples. Mothers completed the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) and for their infants, the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Q-CHAT) when the infants were between 18 and 20 months old. RESULTS: FEI was positively associated with maternal autistic traits in univariate (n = 108, Pearson's r = 0.22, p = 0.019) and multiple regression models (semipartial r = 0.19, p = 0.048) controlling for maternal age and a diagnosis of PCOS. Maternal estradiol levels significantly interacted with fetal sex in predicting infant Q-CHAT scores, with a positive relationship in males but not females (n = 100, interaction term: semipartial r = 0.23, p = 0.036) after controlling for maternal AQ and other covariates. The opposite was found for standardised hCG values and Q-CHAT scores, with a positive association in females but not in males (n = 151, interaction term: r = -0.25, p = 0.005). LIMITATIONS: Sample size of this cohort was small, with potential ascertainment bias given elective recruitment. Clinical covariates were controlled in multiple regression models, but additional research is needed to confirm the statistically significant findings in larger cohorts. CONCLUSION: Maternal steroid factors during pregnancy are associated with autistic traits in mothers and their infants. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-021-00453-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=459

Medical symptoms and conditions in autistic women / Tslil SIMANTOV in Autism, 26-2 (February 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 26-2 (February 2022) . - p.373-388 Titre : Medical symptoms and conditions in autistic women Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Tslil SIMANTOV, Auteur ; Alexa POHL, Auteur ; Alexandros TSOMPANIDIS, Auteur ; Elizabeth WEIR, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Amber N.V. RUIGROK, Auteur ; Paula SMITH, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Florina UZEFOVSKY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.373-388 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  clinical  females  puberty  steroids  testosterone Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sex-steroids, such as testosterone, are thought to be one of the biological factors implicated in autism. This relies on the sex bias in the diagnosis of autism (boys are approximately four times more likely to be diagnosed than girls) and findings of associations with fetal testosterone levels in traits and abilities related to autism. The current study aimed to examine the association between medical conditions and physical symptoms, which tend to manifest in adulthood, and autism in females. Moreover, we examined their association with autistic traits throughout the spectrum. We focused on autistic women because there is little research focusing on the healthcare needs of autistic women, but those that exist suggest heightened vulnerability, and lower access to medical care. We find that conditions related to steroid hormones function are more frequent in autistic women and that they correlate with autistic traits. Specifically, we found that body mass index, reproductive system diagnoses, prediabetes symptoms, irregular puberty onset, and menstrual irregularities were significantly more frequent in autistic women and were significantly correlated with autistic traits in neurotypical women. The findings have important implications for raising awareness in autistic women of the possibility of medical conditions which might need medical attention. In addition, healthcare providers should consider these associations when performing healthcare maintenance checks and/or screening for autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211022091 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452 [article] Medical symptoms and conditions in autistic women [texte imprimé] / Tslil SIMANTOV, Auteur ; Alexa POHL, Auteur ; Alexandros TSOMPANIDIS, Auteur ; Elizabeth WEIR, Auteur ; Michael V. LOMBARDO, Auteur ; Amber N.V. RUIGROK, Auteur ; Paula SMITH, Auteur ; Carrie ALLISON, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; Florina UZEFOVSKY, Auteur . - p.373-388. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 26-2 (February 2022) . - p.373-388 Mots-clés : autism  clinical  females  puberty  steroids  testosterone Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Sex-steroids, such as testosterone, are thought to be one of the biological factors implicated in autism. This relies on the sex bias in the diagnosis of autism (boys are approximately four times more likely to be diagnosed than girls) and findings of associations with fetal testosterone levels in traits and abilities related to autism. The current study aimed to examine the association between medical conditions and physical symptoms, which tend to manifest in adulthood, and autism in females. Moreover, we examined their association with autistic traits throughout the spectrum. We focused on autistic women because there is little research focusing on the healthcare needs of autistic women, but those that exist suggest heightened vulnerability, and lower access to medical care. We find that conditions related to steroid hormones function are more frequent in autistic women and that they correlate with autistic traits. Specifically, we found that body mass index, reproductive system diagnoses, prediabetes symptoms, irregular puberty onset, and menstrual irregularities were significantly more frequent in autistic women and were significantly correlated with autistic traits in neurotypical women. The findings have important implications for raising awareness in autistic women of the possibility of medical conditions which might need medical attention. In addition, healthcare providers should consider these associations when performing healthcare maintenance checks and/or screening for autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211022091 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=452

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