Adaptive Behaviour and Cognitive Skills: Stability and Change from 7 Months to 7 Years in Siblings at High Familial Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder / E. SALOMONE in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-9 (September 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-9 (September 2018) . - p.2901-2911 Titre : Adaptive Behaviour and Cognitive Skills: Stability and Change from 7 Months to 7 Years in Siblings at High Familial Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. SALOMONE, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; B. MILOSAVLJEVIC, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2901-2911 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adaptive behaviour  Cognitive ability  High familial risk  Prospective study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Cognitive and adaptive behaviour abilities early in life provide important clinical prognostic information. We examined stability of such skills in children at high familial risk for ASD who either met diagnostic criteria for ASD at age 7 years (HR-ASD, n = 15) or did not (HR-non-ASD, n = 24) and low-risk control children (LR, n = 37), prospectively studied from infancy. For both HR groups, cognitive skills were consistently lower across time than those of LR children. HR-ASD children showed increasing difficulties in adaptive behaviour over time compared to LR children, while the HR-non-ASD children showed no such difficulties. This pattern of change may inform our understanding of developmental profiles of HR siblings beyond core ASD symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3554-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=367 [article] Adaptive Behaviour and Cognitive Skills: Stability and Change from 7 Months to 7 Years in Siblings at High Familial Risk of Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. SALOMONE, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; B. MILOSAVLJEVIC, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - p.2901-2911. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 48-9 (September 2018) . - p.2901-2911 Mots-clés : Adaptive behaviour  Cognitive ability  High familial risk  Prospective study Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Cognitive and adaptive behaviour abilities early in life provide important clinical prognostic information. We examined stability of such skills in children at high familial risk for ASD who either met diagnostic criteria for ASD at age 7 years (HR-ASD, n = 15) or did not (HR-non-ASD, n = 24) and low-risk control children (LR, n = 37), prospectively studied from infancy. For both HR groups, cognitive skills were consistently lower across time than those of LR children. HR-ASD children showed increasing difficulties in adaptive behaviour over time compared to LR children, while the HR-non-ASD children showed no such difficulties. This pattern of change may inform our understanding of developmental profiles of HR siblings beyond core ASD symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3554-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=367

ADHD and autism symptoms in youth: a network analysis / L. C. FARHAT in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-2 (February 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-2 (February 2022) . - p.143-151 Titre : ADHD and autism symptoms in youth: a network analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. C. FARHAT, Auteur ; Helena BRENTANI, Auteur ; V. H. C. DE TOLEDO, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; P. MATTOS, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; A. THAPAR, Auteur ; E. CASELLA, Auteur ; Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.143-151 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  comorbidity  network analysis  neurodevelopmental Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Previous research investigating the overlap between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (henceforth, autism) symptoms in population samples have relied on latent variable modeling in which averaged scores representing dimensions were derived from observed symptoms. There are no studies evaluating how ADHD and autism symptoms interact at the level of individual symptom items. METHODS: We aimed to address this gap by performing a network analysis on data from a school survey of children aged 6-17?years old (N?=?7,405). ADHD and autism symptoms were measured via parent-report on the Swanson, Nolan, Pelham-IV questionnaire and the Childhood Autism Spectrum test, respectively. RESULTS: A relatively low interconnectivity between ADHD and autism symptoms was found with only 10.06% of possible connections (edges) between one ADHD and one autism symptoms different than zero. Associations between ADHD and autism symptoms were significantly weaker than those between two symptoms pertaining to the same construct. Select ADHD symptoms, particularly those presenting in social contexts (e.g. 'talks excessively', 'does not wait turn'), showed moderate-to-strong associations with autism symptoms, but some were considered redundant to autism symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings indicate that individual ADHD and autism symptoms are largely segregated in accordance with diagnostic boundaries corresponding to these conditions in children and adolescents from the community. These findings could improve our clinical conceptualization of ADHD and autism and guide advancements in diagnosis and treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13436 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457 [article] ADHD and autism symptoms in youth: a network analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. C. FARHAT, Auteur ; Helena BRENTANI, Auteur ; V. H. C. DE TOLEDO, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; P. MATTOS, Auteur ; Simon BARON-COHEN, Auteur ; A. THAPAR, Auteur ; E. CASELLA, Auteur ; Guilherme V. POLANCZYK, Auteur . - p.143-151. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-2 (February 2022) . - p.143-151 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  comorbidity  network analysis  neurodevelopmental Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Previous research investigating the overlap between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (henceforth, autism) symptoms in population samples have relied on latent variable modeling in which averaged scores representing dimensions were derived from observed symptoms. There are no studies evaluating how ADHD and autism symptoms interact at the level of individual symptom items. METHODS: We aimed to address this gap by performing a network analysis on data from a school survey of children aged 6-17?years old (N?=?7,405). ADHD and autism symptoms were measured via parent-report on the Swanson, Nolan, Pelham-IV questionnaire and the Childhood Autism Spectrum test, respectively. RESULTS: A relatively low interconnectivity between ADHD and autism symptoms was found with only 10.06% of possible connections (edges) between one ADHD and one autism symptoms different than zero. Associations between ADHD and autism symptoms were significantly weaker than those between two symptoms pertaining to the same construct. Select ADHD symptoms, particularly those presenting in social contexts (e.g. 'talks excessively', 'does not wait turn'), showed moderate-to-strong associations with autism symptoms, but some were considered redundant to autism symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings indicate that individual ADHD and autism symptoms are largely segregated in accordance with diagnostic boundaries corresponding to these conditions in children and adolescents from the community. These findings could improve our clinical conceptualization of ADHD and autism and guide advancements in diagnosis and treatment. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13436 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=457

Anxiety and Attentional Bias to Threat in Children at Increased Familial Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder / B. MILOSAVLJEVIC in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-12 (December 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-12 (December 2017) . - p.3714-3727 Titre : Anxiety and Attentional Bias to Threat in Children at Increased Familial Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : B. MILOSAVLJEVIC, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : p.3714-3727 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety  Autism Spectrum Disorder  High-risk siblings  Threat bias Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety and threat bias were examined in 6-8-year-old children at familial-risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and low-risk (LR, n = 37) controls. The high-risk (HR) group was divided into those who met diagnostic criteria for ASD (HR-ASD, n = 15) and those who did not (HR-non ASD, n = 24). The HR-ASD group had highest levels of parent-reported anxiety. The HR-non ASD group exhibited increased threat bias on a spatial-cueing task, while the HR-ASD group did not. Anxiety symptoms were associated with both threat bias and ASD severity. These findings suggest that the mechanisms underlying anxiety in HR siblings without ASD are similar to those in non-ASD populations. However, among children with ASD, hypersensitivity to threat may not underlie anxiety symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-3012-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=325 [article] Anxiety and Attentional Bias to Threat in Children at Increased Familial Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / B. MILOSAVLJEVIC, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; Francesca HAPPE, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - 2017 . - p.3714-3727. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-12 (December 2017) . - p.3714-3727 Mots-clés : Anxiety  Autism Spectrum Disorder  High-risk siblings  Threat bias Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anxiety and threat bias were examined in 6-8-year-old children at familial-risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and low-risk (LR, n = 37) controls. The high-risk (HR) group was divided into those who met diagnostic criteria for ASD (HR-ASD, n = 15) and those who did not (HR-non ASD, n = 24). The HR-ASD group had highest levels of parent-reported anxiety. The HR-non ASD group exhibited increased threat bias on a spatial-cueing task, while the HR-ASD group did not. Anxiety symptoms were associated with both threat bias and ASD severity. These findings suggest that the mechanisms underlying anxiety in HR siblings without ASD are similar to those in non-ASD populations. However, among children with ASD, hypersensitivity to threat may not underlie anxiety symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-3012-1 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=325

Brief Report: Associations Between Cognitive Control Processes and Traits of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Anxiety in Children at Elevated and Typical Familial Likelihood for ASD / P. B. G. GODOY in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 51-8 (August 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-8 (August 2021) . - p.3001-3013 Titre : Brief Report: Associations Between Cognitive Control Processes and Traits of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Anxiety in Children at Elevated and Typical Familial Likelihood for ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : P. B. G. GODOY, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; B. MILOSAVLJEVIC, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.3001-3013 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety/complications/psychology  Anxiety Disorders/complications/psychology  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/complications/psychology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/psychology  Child  Cognition  Executive Function/physiology  Female  Humans  Male  Risk Factors  Anxiety  Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Cognitive flexibility  Conflict resolution  Inhibitory control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Shared difficulties with cognitive control may play a role in co-occurring mental health problems frequently observed in autistic children. We investigated how different cognitive control processes (inhibitory control, conflict resolution, cognitive flexibility) associated with traits of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety in 7-year-old children at elevated (n = 44) and typical (n = 37) familial likelihood for ASD. Poor inhibitory control was associated with higher ADHD traits. Better inhibitory control and poorer cognitive flexibility predicted higher anxiety traits. Cognitive control processes were not associated dimensionally with autistic traits, though better conflict resolution predicted greater likelihood of meeting diagnostic criteria for ASD in categorical analysis. These findings suggest that different cognitive control alterations are associated with ASD, ADHD and anxiety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04732-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453 [article] Brief Report: Associations Between Cognitive Control Processes and Traits of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Anxiety in Children at Elevated and Typical Familial Likelihood for ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / P. B. G. GODOY, Auteur ; E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; B. MILOSAVLJEVIC, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - p.3001-3013. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 51-8 (August 2021) . - p.3001-3013 Mots-clés : Anxiety/complications/psychology  Anxiety Disorders/complications/psychology  Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/complications/psychology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/complications/psychology  Child  Cognition  Executive Function/physiology  Female  Humans  Male  Risk Factors  Anxiety  Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Cognitive flexibility  Conflict resolution  Inhibitory control Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Shared difficulties with cognitive control may play a role in co-occurring mental health problems frequently observed in autistic children. We investigated how different cognitive control processes (inhibitory control, conflict resolution, cognitive flexibility) associated with traits of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and anxiety in 7-year-old children at elevated (n = 44) and typical (n = 37) familial likelihood for ASD. Poor inhibitory control was associated with higher ADHD traits. Better inhibitory control and poorer cognitive flexibility predicted higher anxiety traits. Cognitive control processes were not associated dimensionally with autistic traits, though better conflict resolution predicted greater likelihood of meeting diagnostic criteria for ASD in categorical analysis. These findings suggest that different cognitive control alterations are associated with ASD, ADHD and anxiety. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04732-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=453

Early developmental pathways to childhood symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety and autism spectrum disorder / E. SHEPHARD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 60-9 (September 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-9 (September 2019) . - p.963-974 Titre : Early developmental pathways to childhood symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety and autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; B. MILOSAVLJEVIC, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur ; E. J. H. JONES, Auteur ; A. PICKLES, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.963-974 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  anxiety  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  comorbidity  early developmental pathways Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have co-occurring symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and/or anxiety. It is unclear whether these disorders arise from shared or distinct developmental pathways. We explored this question by testing the specificity of early-life (infant and toddler) predictors of mid-childhood ADHD and anxiety symptoms compared to ASD symptoms. METHODS: Infants (n = 104) at high and low familial risk for ASD took part in research assessments at 7, 14, 24 and 38 months, and 7 years of age. Symptoms of ASD, ADHD and anxiety were measured by parent report at age 7. Activity levels and inhibitory control, also measured by parent report, in infancy and toddlerhood were used as early-life predictors of ADHD symptoms. Fearfulness and shyness measured in infancy and toddlerhood were used as early-life predictors of anxiety symptoms. Correlations and path analysis models tested associations between early-life predictors and mid-childhood ADHD and anxiety symptoms compared to mid-childhood ASD symptoms, and the influence of controlling for ASD symptoms on those associations. RESULTS: Increased activity levels and poor inhibitory control were correlated with ADHD symptoms and not ASD or anxiety; these associations were unchanged in path models controlling for risk-group and ASD symptoms. Increased fearfulness and shyness were correlated with anxiety symptoms, but also ASD symptoms. When controlling for risk-group in path analysis, the association between shyness and anxiety became nonsignificant, and when further controlling for ASD symptoms the association between fearfulness and anxiety became marginal. CONCLUSIONS: The specificity of early-life predictors to ADHD symptoms suggests early developmental pathways to ADHD might be distinct from ASD. The overlap in early-life predictors of anxiety and ASD suggests that these disorders are difficult to differentiate early in life, which could reflect the presence of common developmental pathways or convergence in early behavioural manifestations of these disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12947 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405 [article] Early developmental pathways to childhood symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety and autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. SHEPHARD, Auteur ; Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; B. MILOSAVLJEVIC, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur ; E. J. H. JONES, Auteur ; A. PICKLES, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur . - p.963-974. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 60-9 (September 2019) . - p.963-974 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  anxiety  attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  comorbidity  early developmental pathways Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have co-occurring symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and/or anxiety. It is unclear whether these disorders arise from shared or distinct developmental pathways. We explored this question by testing the specificity of early-life (infant and toddler) predictors of mid-childhood ADHD and anxiety symptoms compared to ASD symptoms. METHODS: Infants (n = 104) at high and low familial risk for ASD took part in research assessments at 7, 14, 24 and 38 months, and 7 years of age. Symptoms of ASD, ADHD and anxiety were measured by parent report at age 7. Activity levels and inhibitory control, also measured by parent report, in infancy and toddlerhood were used as early-life predictors of ADHD symptoms. Fearfulness and shyness measured in infancy and toddlerhood were used as early-life predictors of anxiety symptoms. Correlations and path analysis models tested associations between early-life predictors and mid-childhood ADHD and anxiety symptoms compared to mid-childhood ASD symptoms, and the influence of controlling for ASD symptoms on those associations. RESULTS: Increased activity levels and poor inhibitory control were correlated with ADHD symptoms and not ASD or anxiety; these associations were unchanged in path models controlling for risk-group and ASD symptoms. Increased fearfulness and shyness were correlated with anxiety symptoms, but also ASD symptoms. When controlling for risk-group in path analysis, the association between shyness and anxiety became nonsignificant, and when further controlling for ASD symptoms the association between fearfulness and anxiety became marginal. CONCLUSIONS: The specificity of early-life predictors to ADHD symptoms suggests early developmental pathways to ADHD might be distinct from ASD. The overlap in early-life predictors of anxiety and ASD suggests that these disorders are difficult to differentiate early in life, which could reflect the presence of common developmental pathways or convergence in early behavioural manifestations of these disorders. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12947 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=405

Neurocognitive and observational markers: prediction of autism spectrum disorder from infancy to mid-childhood / Rachael BEDFORD in Molecular Autism, 8 (2017)  

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Resting-State Neurophysiological Activity Patterns in Young People with ASD, ADHD, and ASD + ADHD / E. SHEPHARD in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48-1 (January 2018)  

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