6 recherche sur le mot-clé 'avoidance'

Avoidance habit learning in adolescents and young women with anorexia nervosa: an fMRI study / Julius HENNIG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 67-1 (January 2026)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 67-1 (January 2026) . - p.79-91 Titre : Avoidance habit learning in adolescents and young women with anorexia nervosa: an fMRI study Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Julius HENNIG, Auteur ; Ilka BOEHM, Auteur ; Katharina ZWOSTA, Auteur ; Joseph A. KING, Auteur ; Daniel GEISLER, Auteur ; Hannes RUGE, Auteur ; Maria SEIDEL, Auteur ; Fabio BERNARDONI, Auteur ; Inger HELLERHOFF, Auteur ; Arne DOOSE, Auteur ; Sophie PAULIGK, Auteur ; Henri LESCHZINSKI, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Uta WOLFENSTELLER, Auteur ; Stefan EHRLICH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.79-91 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescence  neuroimaging  habitual behavior  avoidance  eating disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Anorexia nervosa (AN), often with an onset in adolescence, is a complex eating disorder characterized by distorted body image, fear of weight gain, and extreme food restriction, leading to severe underweight. Excessive goal pursuit and avoidance behaviors have been proposed as key factors in AN, which over time may become over-trained into habits. Methods This study investigated the behavioral and neural correlates of habit learning in AN with an experiment consisting of three consecutive phases: (1) training goal-directed behavior, (2) avoidance learning, and (3) a habit test. Forty-five acutely underweight adolescent female patients with AN and 45 age-matched healthy control participants underwent an fMRI scan. Results No behavioral group differences were evident either during learning of avoidance habits or when testing habit strength. Importantly, however, the AN group showed both generally superior task performance and increased involvement of the frontoparietal brain regions during habit learning. Conclusions Collectively, our findings provide novel evidence suggesting that excessive goal pursuit may predominate in young AN in an avoidance learning context. Future research should examine if this tendency develops into habit learning over time and investigate the speed and strength of avoidance habit formation in adults with a longer history of AN to further elucidate the intricate dynamic between goal-directed and habitual processes in the disorder. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70019 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=577 [article] Avoidance habit learning in adolescents and young women with anorexia nervosa: an fMRI study [texte imprimé] / Julius HENNIG, Auteur ; Ilka BOEHM, Auteur ; Katharina ZWOSTA, Auteur ; Joseph A. KING, Auteur ; Daniel GEISLER, Auteur ; Hannes RUGE, Auteur ; Maria SEIDEL, Auteur ; Fabio BERNARDONI, Auteur ; Inger HELLERHOFF, Auteur ; Arne DOOSE, Auteur ; Sophie PAULIGK, Auteur ; Henri LESCHZINSKI, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur ; Uta WOLFENSTELLER, Auteur ; Stefan EHRLICH, Auteur . - p.79-91. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 67-1 (January 2026) . - p.79-91 Mots-clés : Adolescence  neuroimaging  habitual behavior  avoidance  eating disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Anorexia nervosa (AN), often with an onset in adolescence, is a complex eating disorder characterized by distorted body image, fear of weight gain, and extreme food restriction, leading to severe underweight. Excessive goal pursuit and avoidance behaviors have been proposed as key factors in AN, which over time may become over-trained into habits. Methods This study investigated the behavioral and neural correlates of habit learning in AN with an experiment consisting of three consecutive phases: (1) training goal-directed behavior, (2) avoidance learning, and (3) a habit test. Forty-five acutely underweight adolescent female patients with AN and 45 age-matched healthy control participants underwent an fMRI scan. Results No behavioral group differences were evident either during learning of avoidance habits or when testing habit strength. Importantly, however, the AN group showed both generally superior task performance and increased involvement of the frontoparietal brain regions during habit learning. Conclusions Collectively, our findings provide novel evidence suggesting that excessive goal pursuit may predominate in young AN in an avoidance learning context. Future research should examine if this tendency develops into habit learning over time and investigate the speed and strength of avoidance habit formation in adults with a longer history of AN to further elucidate the intricate dynamic between goal-directed and habitual processes in the disorder. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.70019 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=577

Early life stress is associated with reduced avoidance of threatening facial expressions / Elizabeth J. KIRKHAM in Development and Psychopathology, 32-3 (August 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inDevelopment and Psychopathology > 32-3 (August 2020) . - p.1059-1067 Titre : Early life stress is associated with reduced avoidance of threatening facial expressions Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Elizabeth J. KIRKHAM, Auteur ; Liat LEVITA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1059-1067 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anger  approach  avoidance  early life stress  emotional facial expressions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early neglect or maltreatment has been associated with changes in children's processing of emotional facial expressions, including a hypersensitivity to the emotion of anger. This may facilitate the avoidance of danger in a maltreating environment. However, few studies have examined whether experiences of early life stress (ELS) are associated with atypical avoidance responses towards emotional facial expressions, or whether the effects of ELS can be observed in adult participants. The present study therefore examined the effects of ELS on adults' approach-avoidance tendencies towards angry, happy, and neutral facial expressions. Surprisingly, higher levels of ELS were associated with reduced avoidance of angry facial expressions among individuals with no evidence of mental illness. In contrast, there was no evidence of a relationship between ELS and avoidance of angry facial expressions among individuals with experience of mental illness. These novel findings suggest that ELS-related changes in social cognition can be observed years after the ELS itself occurred. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457941900110x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429 [article] Early life stress is associated with reduced avoidance of threatening facial expressions [texte imprimé] / Elizabeth J. KIRKHAM, Auteur ; Liat LEVITA, Auteur . - p.1059-1067. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Development and Psychopathology > 32-3 (August 2020) . - p.1059-1067 Mots-clés : anger  approach  avoidance  early life stress  emotional facial expressions Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Early neglect or maltreatment has been associated with changes in children's processing of emotional facial expressions, including a hypersensitivity to the emotion of anger. This may facilitate the avoidance of danger in a maltreating environment. However, few studies have examined whether experiences of early life stress (ELS) are associated with atypical avoidance responses towards emotional facial expressions, or whether the effects of ELS can be observed in adult participants. The present study therefore examined the effects of ELS on adults' approach-avoidance tendencies towards angry, happy, and neutral facial expressions. Surprisingly, higher levels of ELS were associated with reduced avoidance of angry facial expressions among individuals with no evidence of mental illness. In contrast, there was no evidence of a relationship between ELS and avoidance of angry facial expressions among individuals with experience of mental illness. These novel findings suggest that ELS-related changes in social cognition can be observed years after the ELS itself occurred. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095457941900110x Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=429

Hypervigilance-avoidance in children with anxiety disorders: magnetoencephalographic evidence / Ida WESSING in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-1 (January 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-1 (January 2017) . - p.103-112 Titre : Hypervigilance-avoidance in children with anxiety disorders: magnetoencephalographic evidence Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ida WESSING, Auteur ; Georg ROMER, Auteur ; Markus JUNGHÖFER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.103-112 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety disorders  children  threat bias  hypervigilance  avoidance  magnetoencephalography Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background An altered pattern of threat processing is deemed critical for the development of anxiety disorders (AD). According to the hypervigilance-avoidance hypothesis, AD patients show hypervigilance to threat cues at early stages of processing but avoid threat cues at later stages of processing. Consistently, adults with AD show enhanced neurophysiological responses to threat in early time windows and reduced responses to threat in late time windows. The presence of such a hypervigilance-avoidance effect and its underlying neural sources remain to be determined in clinically anxious children. Methods Twenty-three children diagnosed with an AD and 23 healthy control children aged 8–14 years saw faces with angry and neutral expressions while whole-head magnetoencephalography (MEG) was recorded. Neural sources were estimated based on L2-Minimum Norm inverse source modeling and analyzed in early, midlatency, and late time windows. Results In visual cortical regions, early threat processing was relatively enhanced in patients compared to controls, whereas this relation was inverted in a late interval. Consistent with the idea of affective regulation, the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex revealed relatively reduced inhibition of early threat processing but revealed enhanced inhibition at a late interval in patients. Both visual-sensory and prefrontal effects were correlated with individual trait anxiety. Conclusions These results support the hypothesis of early sensory hypervigilance followed by later avoidance of threat in anxiety disordered children, presumably modulated by early reduced and later enhanced prefrontal inhibition. This neuronal hypervigilance-avoidance pattern unfolds gradually with increasing trait anxiety, reflecting a progressively biased allocation of attention to threat. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12617 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298 [article] Hypervigilance-avoidance in children with anxiety disorders: magnetoencephalographic evidence [texte imprimé] / Ida WESSING, Auteur ; Georg ROMER, Auteur ; Markus JUNGHÖFER, Auteur . - p.103-112. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-1 (January 2017) . - p.103-112 Mots-clés : Anxiety disorders  children  threat bias  hypervigilance  avoidance  magnetoencephalography Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background An altered pattern of threat processing is deemed critical for the development of anxiety disorders (AD). According to the hypervigilance-avoidance hypothesis, AD patients show hypervigilance to threat cues at early stages of processing but avoid threat cues at later stages of processing. Consistently, adults with AD show enhanced neurophysiological responses to threat in early time windows and reduced responses to threat in late time windows. The presence of such a hypervigilance-avoidance effect and its underlying neural sources remain to be determined in clinically anxious children. Methods Twenty-three children diagnosed with an AD and 23 healthy control children aged 8–14 years saw faces with angry and neutral expressions while whole-head magnetoencephalography (MEG) was recorded. Neural sources were estimated based on L2-Minimum Norm inverse source modeling and analyzed in early, midlatency, and late time windows. Results In visual cortical regions, early threat processing was relatively enhanced in patients compared to controls, whereas this relation was inverted in a late interval. Consistent with the idea of affective regulation, the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex revealed relatively reduced inhibition of early threat processing but revealed enhanced inhibition at a late interval in patients. Both visual-sensory and prefrontal effects were correlated with individual trait anxiety. Conclusions These results support the hypothesis of early sensory hypervigilance followed by later avoidance of threat in anxiety disordered children, presumably modulated by early reduced and later enhanced prefrontal inhibition. This neuronal hypervigilance-avoidance pattern unfolds gradually with increasing trait anxiety, reflecting a progressively biased allocation of attention to threat. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12617 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=298

Motivational approach and avoidance in autism spectrum disorder: A comparison between real photographs and cartoons / Catarina SILVA in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 17 (September 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 17 (September 2015) . - p.13-24 Titre : Motivational approach and avoidance in autism spectrum disorder: A comparison between real photographs and cartoons Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Catarina SILVA, Auteur ; David DA FONSECA, Auteur ; Francisco ESTEVES, Auteur ; Christine DERUELLE, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.13-24 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Approach  Avoidance  Social motivation  Emotion  Cartoons Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show a lack of motivation to engage in spontaneous social encounters with other human beings. However, the basis for these diminished approach-related social behaviours is still unclear. This study investigated social motivation in ASD using an approach-avoidance task. In particular, we presented a group of ASD and a group of neurotypical adolescents with a series of emotionally positive, negative, and neutral visual stimuli, comprised of real photographs and cartoons – a stimulus with incentive salience for individuals with ASD. Participants were asked to either push or pull a joystick in response to an emotionally independent feature of the stimuli (colour frame). Following the main task, participants also rated the stimuli for affective valence and arousal. Results showed a dissociation in motivational responses towards positive stimuli for the ASD group only: faster avoidance from positive real photographs, but greater approach to positive cartoons, while no differences were found between emotionally negative or neutral stimuli. By contrast, no differences between the groups were found for the self-reported affective ratings. In light of the social motivation hypothesis, these atypical motivational responses suggest a deficit in assigning reward to socio-emotional stimuli in adolescents with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2015.05.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=263 [article] Motivational approach and avoidance in autism spectrum disorder: A comparison between real photographs and cartoons [texte imprimé] / Catarina SILVA, Auteur ; David DA FONSECA, Auteur ; Francisco ESTEVES, Auteur ; Christine DERUELLE, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.13-24. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 17 (September 2015) . - p.13-24 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Approach  Avoidance  Social motivation  Emotion  Cartoons Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Abstract Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show a lack of motivation to engage in spontaneous social encounters with other human beings. However, the basis for these diminished approach-related social behaviours is still unclear. This study investigated social motivation in ASD using an approach-avoidance task. In particular, we presented a group of ASD and a group of neurotypical adolescents with a series of emotionally positive, negative, and neutral visual stimuli, comprised of real photographs and cartoons – a stimulus with incentive salience for individuals with ASD. Participants were asked to either push or pull a joystick in response to an emotionally independent feature of the stimuli (colour frame). Following the main task, participants also rated the stimuli for affective valence and arousal. Results showed a dissociation in motivational responses towards positive stimuli for the ASD group only: faster avoidance from positive real photographs, but greater approach to positive cartoons, while no differences were found between emotionally negative or neutral stimuli. By contrast, no differences between the groups were found for the self-reported affective ratings. In light of the social motivation hypothesis, these atypical motivational responses suggest a deficit in assigning reward to socio-emotional stimuli in adolescents with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2015.05.004 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=263

Autistic Traits and Symptoms of Social Anxiety are Differentially Related to Attention to Others' Eyes in Social Anxiety Disorder / Johan Lundin KLEBERG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47-12 (December 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-12 (December 2017) . - p.3814-3821 Titre : Autistic Traits and Symptoms of Social Anxiety are Differentially Related to Attention to Others' Eyes in Social Anxiety Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Johan Lundin KLEBERG, Auteur ; J. HOGSTROM, Auteur ; Martina NORD, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Eva SERLACHIUS, Auteur ; Terje FALCK-YTTER, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : p.3814-3821 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention  Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Avoidance  Broader autism phenotype  Eye tracking  Gaze avoidance  Orienting  Social anxiety disorder (SAD) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) have partly overlapping symptoms. Gaze avoidance has been linked to both SAD and ASD, but little is known about differences in social attention between the two conditions. We studied eye movements in a group of treatment-seeking adolescents with SAD (N = 25), assessing SAD and ASD dimensionally. The results indicated a double dissociation between two measures of social attention and the two symptom dimensions. Controlling for social anxiety, elevated autistic traits were associated with delayed orienting to eyes presented among distractors. In contrast, elevated social anxiety levels were associated with faster orienting away from the eyes, when controlling for autistic traits. This distinction deepens our understanding of ASD and SAD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2978-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=325 [article] Autistic Traits and Symptoms of Social Anxiety are Differentially Related to Attention to Others' Eyes in Social Anxiety Disorder [texte imprimé] / Johan Lundin KLEBERG, Auteur ; J. HOGSTROM, Auteur ; Martina NORD, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur ; Eva SERLACHIUS, Auteur ; Terje FALCK-YTTER, Auteur . - 2017 . - p.3814-3821. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 47-12 (December 2017) . - p.3814-3821 Mots-clés : Attention  Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  Avoidance  Broader autism phenotype  Eye tracking  Gaze avoidance  Orienting  Social anxiety disorder (SAD) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) have partly overlapping symptoms. Gaze avoidance has been linked to both SAD and ASD, but little is known about differences in social attention between the two conditions. We studied eye movements in a group of treatment-seeking adolescents with SAD (N = 25), assessing SAD and ASD dimensionally. The results indicated a double dissociation between two measures of social attention and the two symptom dimensions. Controlling for social anxiety, elevated autistic traits were associated with delayed orienting to eyes presented among distractors. In contrast, elevated social anxiety levels were associated with faster orienting away from the eyes, when controlling for autistic traits. This distinction deepens our understanding of ASD and SAD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2978-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=325

Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Child Social Preference Scale-3 in Children With Autism / Antonio Y. HARDAN ; Emily SPACKMAN ; Emma K. BAKER ; Thomas W. FRAZIER ; Mirko ULJAREVIĆ in Autism Research, 18-7 (July 2025)  

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