Pubmed (TDAH) du 21/08/26
1. Feinmann J. The Great ADHD Myth: What you need to know about Channel 4’s « most controversial show of the year ». Bmj. 2026; 394: e100637.
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2. Kuz M, Uçar HN, Aydın S, Çetin FH, Türkoğlu S. Brain-Behavior Relationships in Children With ADHD: Resting-state EEG Networks Underlying Executive Function and Neurological Soft Signs. Brain Behav. 2026; 16(8): e71698.
PURPOSE: To investigate sex-stratified brain-behavior relationships between large-scale functional brain network topology and executive-motor profiles in pediatric ADHD, using a multi-dimensional parameter exploration approach. METHOD: Graph-theoretical connectivity measures were derived from resting-state EEG in 41 medication-naïve children with ADHD (10 girls) and 42 healthy controls (HCs) (10 girls), aged 6-12 years. Sex-specific within- and between-group differences were examined across temporal windows (1-2-4 s), frequency bands, and network densities (10%-30%). Associations between connectivity measures and behavioral/clinical profiles (Stroop, PANESS, Turgay DSM-IV scales) were also assessed. FINDINGS: Directed Transfer Function showed more reliable predictions than phase-sensitive estimators. ADHD-girls showed lower local connectivity, and HC-girls showed higher integration/segregation in within-group gender differences in lower alpha at sparse network densities (10%-15%). Network alterations and meaningful brain-behavioral relationships were limited to upper alpha and beta at denser network configurations (20%-30%) in ADHD-girls. Total gait/station was negatively correlated with integration in HC, positively correlated with hub-to-hub organization in ADHD. The edge-level differences were localized at right centro-temporal locations (FC6-T8) in boys, while the fewer and weaker differences were localized at antero-posterior, occipital-centric connections converging onto AF3 locus in girls. CONCLUSION: The density-dependent emergence of brain-behavior correlations in girls offers a plausible network-level explanation for the diagnostic camouflage effect reported in females with ADHD. Pediatric ADHD manifests through sex-specific network reconfigurations, a right-hemispheric inhibitory-circuit deficit in boys versus an antero-posterior sensory-gating alteration in girls.
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3. Nagamine T. Kynurenine pathway dysregulation in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Impact on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and phasic dopamine maturation. World J Clin Pediatr. 2026; 15(3): 120485.
Recent evidence highlights a significant shift in the kynurenine pathway (KP) toward a neurotoxic profile in medication-naïve children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This article contextualizes these metabolic alterations – specifically the reduction in kynurenic acid (KYNA) and the elevation of the quinolinic acid (QUIN)/KYNA ratio – as active drivers of neurodevelopmental pathology rather than mere biomarkers. We hypothesize that chronic KP dysregulation disrupts the « N-methyl-D-aspartate-dopamine link », where KYNA deficiency leads to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor disinhibition, subsequently interfering with the phasic dopaminergic signaling essential for executive function. Furthermore, the convergence of these metabolic signatures with those found in affective disorders provides a biological rationale for the high rates of depressive comorbidity in ADHD. We discuss the potential for targeting the KP, particularly through kynurenine 3-monooxygenase inhibition, to restore glutamatergic homeostasis. Crucially, we address the role of blood-brain barrier permeability in ADHD as a factor that may exacerbate the impact of peripheral kynurenine metabolites on central nervous system function.
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4. Videira-Silva A, de Almeida IM, Sendim V, Carmo F, Moeda S, Freira S, Fonseca H. Impact of ADHD on Obesity Treatment Outcomes in Adolescents Receiving Multidisciplinary Care: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study. Pediatr Obes. 2026; 21(8): e70145.
INTRODUCTION: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is frequent among adolescents with obesity and may influence treatment outcomes. This study aimed to explore differences in treatment outcomes and predictors of weight-loss success between adolescents with and without ADHD, followed at a tertiary Adolescent Obesity Clinic. METHODS: This retrospective longitudinal study included 269 adolescents (12-17 years) followed for 16.8 (IQR: 5.3) months, of whom 53 had ADHD (19.7%). Obesity-related and behavioural data were collected and analysed using generalised estimating equations (for longitudinal changes) and logistic regression models (to identify predictors of weight-loss success, i.e., a decrease in BMI z-score ≥ 0.25). RESULTS: Weight loss success was achieved in 34.9% of the sample, with no significant differences between those with and without ADHD. Among adolescents with ADHD, psychopathology was negatively associated with weight loss success (OR = 0.25), while increases in total physical activity were positively associated (OR = 1.01). In those without ADHD, impulsive eating reduced the likelihood of weight loss (OR = 0.33), whereas improved eating behaviour increased it (OR = 2.92). CONCLUSION: Although adolescents with and without ADHD may exhibit similar treatment outcomes, predictors of weight loss success differed, highlighting the importance of tailoring obesity programs according to behavioural and clinical profiles in order to improve obesity treatment among adolescents.
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5. Young H, Revet A, Hagstrøm J, Ates B, Brænden A, Grigoriou M, Jarvers I, Jederström M, Jurek L, Kotsis K, Lestarevic S, Liebrand M, Matera E, Őri D, Seker A, Nikolova G, Skrypnyk T, Solerdelcoll M, Thoustrup CL, Vertessen K, Klauser P, Cortese S. Clinical practices in ADHD management across Europe: findings from the ESCAP research academy survey. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2026.
In several European countries, national clinical guidelines for the management of ADHD are lacking. In others, guidelines are outdated or do not address more detailed aspects of care, such as medication titration procedures or specific recommendations for school adjustments. Perceptions of the appropriateness of treatment, which influence the delivery of care for ADHD, are shaped by sociocultural aspects. Consequently, practices in the management of ADHD are expected to substantially vary across Europe. To better understand current practices in both pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of ADHD, as well as clinicians’ perceptions of treatment appropriateness, we conducted an online survey among European qualified child and adolescent (neuro)psychiatrists and general psychiatrists or trainees involved in the care of children and adolescents with ADHD. The survey was developed and implemented by the European Society for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (ESCAP) Research Academy, with input from the European ADHD Guidelines Group (EAGG). It was completed by 1,441 clinicians of varying seniority from 23 European countries. The findings provide updated insights into ADHD management across Europe and highlight three key unmet needs. First, several clinically relevant areas lack sufficient evidence, including how to personalise treatment and identify practical predictors of treatment response. Second, some existing evidence has not yet been adequately translated into clinical guidelines or routine practice, particularly regarding comparative treatment effects and dose-response relationships relevant to medication titration. Third, some respondents reported needs that are already addressed in existing international guidelines, suggesting that language barriers may limit access to guidance and underscoring the importance of developing country-specific recommendations in local languages. Overall, this survey – to our knowledge the largest of its kind conducted in Europe – provides valuable information to inform future clinical guidelines, research priorities, and health policy. It also informs future training programmes aimed at reducing bias in the perception and delivery of ADHD treatment.
