Pubmed (TDAH) du 26/05/26
1. O’Connor SD, Loughnan R, Ahern J, Fan CC, Althoff RR, Garavan H, Potter A, Albaugh MD. Attention problems and cortical maturation in a large longitudinal sample of youths: The importance of accounting for sex differences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A;2026 (May 26);123(21):e2605729123.
Delayed age-related cortical thinning has been proposed as a biomarker of attention-related psychopathology and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but these findings have not been adequately replicated in large, longitudinal samples with sufficient power to account for potential confounds such as co-occurring psychopathology and sex differences in neurodevelopment. Here, we examined whether previously reported associations between attention problems and delayed cortical thickness development could be replicated in a large, longitudinal cohort of youths. Leveraging data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study, linear mixed-effects models were used to assess the association between parent-reported attention problems (AP) on the Child Behavior Checklist and age-related cortical thickness change (N = 26,496 MRI scans from 11,025 unique participants). Secondary analyses examined the association between a polygenic risk score for ADHD and cortical thickness development. In initial sex-pooled analyses, we observed associations between AP and reduced rates of cortical thinning (β = 00594 to 0.0145, FDR-adjusted P < 0.05). However, when an age × sex interaction term was included in the model, these associations were no longer evident (all FDR-adjusted P > 0.05 across ROIs). Follow-up sex-stratified analyses revealed no significant age × AP interactions on cortical thickness in males or females. Further, there was no evidence of genetic liability for ADHD being associated with reduced age-related cortical thinning. Taken together, these findings suggest that previously reported associations between AP and delayed cortical thinning likely reflect unaccounted-for sex differences in neurodevelopment rather than AP-specific maturational delays, questioning the utility of cortical maturation patterns as diagnostic biomarkers for ADHD-related behavior.
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2. Park J, Murray R, Duffy RD, Zhou ZE. Longitudinal Relationship of Childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptoms with Perceived Stress and Job Satisfaction in Adulthood. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev;2026 (May 26)
This study examined whether childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms predict adult occupational well-being and whether work characteristics mediate and condition these associations. Using four waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health; N = 5,407), we tested longitudinal associations between retrospectively reported childhood inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms and adult perceived stress and job satisfaction. Job demand and job control were assessed in early adulthood, and outcomes were measured in later adulthood. Path analyses adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic covariates. Childhood inattentive symptoms predicted higher perceived stress in adulthood and were indirectly associated with lower job satisfaction through both lower job control and higher job demand, as well as with higher perceived stress through lower job control. In addition, childhood inattentive symptoms moderated the association between job control and perceived stress. The stress-reducing association of job control was stronger among individuals with higher inattentive symptoms. These findings suggest that job control may be a particularly salient work characteristic for adults with greater attention-related difficulties.
