Dépouillements

Modeling autism in non?human primates: Opportunities and challenges / Hui ZHAO in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.686-694 Titre : Modeling autism in non?human primates: Opportunities and challenges Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Hui ZHAO, Auteur ; Yong?Hui JIANG, Auteur ; Q. ZHANG YONG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.686-694 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : non?human primate  autism  social behavior  CRISPR/Cas9 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication deficits and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior. For more than a decade, genetically?modified, risk factor?induced, as well as naturally occurring rodent models for ASD have been used as the most predominant tools to dissect the molecular and circuitry mechanisms underlying ASD. However, the apparent evolutionary differences in terms of social behavior and brain anatomy between rodents and humans have become an issue of debate regarding the translational value of rodent models for studying ASD. More recently, genome manipulation of non human primates using lentivirus?based gene expression, TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene editing techniques, has been reported. Genetically modified non?human primate models for ASD have been produced and characterized. While the feasibility, value, and exciting opportunities provided by the non?human primate models have been clearly demonstrated, many challenges still remain. Here, we review current progress, discuss the remaining challenges, and highlight the key issues in the development of non?human primate models for ASD research and drug development. Autism Res 2018, 11: 686?694. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Over the last two decades, genetically modified rat and mouse models have been used as the most predominant tools to study mechanisms underlying autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the apparent evolutionary differences between rodents and humans limit the translational value of rodent models for studying ASD. Recently, several non?human primate models for ASD have been established and characterized. Here, we review current progress, discuss the challenges, and highlight the key issues in the development of non?human primate models for ASD research and drug development. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1945 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363 [article] Modeling autism in non?human primates: Opportunities and challenges [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Hui ZHAO, Auteur ; Yong?Hui JIANG, Auteur ; Q. ZHANG YONG, Auteur . - p.686-694. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.686-694 Mots-clés : non?human primate  autism  social behavior  CRISPR/Cas9 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication deficits and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior. For more than a decade, genetically?modified, risk factor?induced, as well as naturally occurring rodent models for ASD have been used as the most predominant tools to dissect the molecular and circuitry mechanisms underlying ASD. However, the apparent evolutionary differences in terms of social behavior and brain anatomy between rodents and humans have become an issue of debate regarding the translational value of rodent models for studying ASD. More recently, genome manipulation of non human primates using lentivirus?based gene expression, TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene editing techniques, has been reported. Genetically modified non?human primate models for ASD have been produced and characterized. While the feasibility, value, and exciting opportunities provided by the non?human primate models have been clearly demonstrated, many challenges still remain. Here, we review current progress, discuss the remaining challenges, and highlight the key issues in the development of non?human primate models for ASD research and drug development. Autism Res 2018, 11: 686?694. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Over the last two decades, genetically modified rat and mouse models have been used as the most predominant tools to study mechanisms underlying autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the apparent evolutionary differences between rodents and humans limit the translational value of rodent models for studying ASD. Recently, several non?human primate models for ASD have been established and characterized. Here, we review current progress, discuss the challenges, and highlight the key issues in the development of non?human primate models for ASD research and drug development. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1945 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363

Influence of family demographic factors on social communication questionnaire scores / A. ROSENBERG STEVEN in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.695-706 Titre : Influence of family demographic factors on social communication questionnaire scores Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. ROSENBERG STEVEN, Auteur ; J. MOODY ERIC, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur ; Carolyn G. DIGUISEPPI, Auteur ; C. WINDHAM GAYLE, Auteur ; Lisa D. WIGGINS, Auteur ; Laura A. SCHIEVE, Auteur ; M. LEDBETTER CAROLINE, Auteur ; E. LEVY SUSAN, Auteur ; Lisa BLASKEY, Auteur ; Lisa YOUNG, Auteur ; Pilar BERNAL, Auteur ; R. ROSENBERG CORDELIA, Auteur ; M. Daniele FALLIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.695-706 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ASD  SCQ  screening  demographic factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined the effect of demographic factors on Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) scores in children aged 30?68 months. Diagnoses of ASD were made after a gold standard evaluation that included the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), and the Autism Diagnostic Interview Revised (ADI?R). The relationship of demographic variables to SCQ scores was compared in two source populations: (a) children recruited from clinical and educational sources serving children who have ASD or other developmental disorders (CE) and (b) children recruited from birth certificates to represent the general population (BC). The impact of the demographic variables?child sex, child age, maternal language, maternal ethnicity, maternal education, maternal race, and household income?on total SCQ score were studied to examine their impact on the SCQ's performance. Demographic factors predicting the SCQ total score were used to generate ROCs. Factors that had a significant influence on SCQ performance were identified by examining the area under the ROCs. Optimal SCQ cut?points were generated for significant factors using the Youden's Index. Overall male sex, lower household income, lower maternal education and Black race predicted higher SCQ scores. In this sample, the most common optimum value for the SCQ cut?point across the different sociodemographic groups was 11. Autism Res 2018, 11: 695?706. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Screeners are used to help identify children who are more likely to have ASD than their peers. Ideally screeners should be accurate for different groups of children and families. This study examined how well the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) predicts ASD. We found that male sex, lower household income, lower maternal education and Black race were associated with higher SCQ scores. In this study an SCQ cut?point of 11 worked best across the different sociodemographic groups in our sample. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1935 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363 [article] Influence of family demographic factors on social communication questionnaire scores [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. ROSENBERG STEVEN, Auteur ; J. MOODY ERIC, Auteur ; Li-Ching LEE, Auteur ; Carolyn G. DIGUISEPPI, Auteur ; C. WINDHAM GAYLE, Auteur ; Lisa D. WIGGINS, Auteur ; Laura A. SCHIEVE, Auteur ; M. LEDBETTER CAROLINE, Auteur ; E. LEVY SUSAN, Auteur ; Lisa BLASKEY, Auteur ; Lisa YOUNG, Auteur ; Pilar BERNAL, Auteur ; R. ROSENBERG CORDELIA, Auteur ; M. Daniele FALLIN, Auteur . - p.695-706. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.695-706 Mots-clés : ASD  SCQ  screening  demographic factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined the effect of demographic factors on Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) scores in children aged 30?68 months. Diagnoses of ASD were made after a gold standard evaluation that included the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), and the Autism Diagnostic Interview Revised (ADI?R). The relationship of demographic variables to SCQ scores was compared in two source populations: (a) children recruited from clinical and educational sources serving children who have ASD or other developmental disorders (CE) and (b) children recruited from birth certificates to represent the general population (BC). The impact of the demographic variables?child sex, child age, maternal language, maternal ethnicity, maternal education, maternal race, and household income?on total SCQ score were studied to examine their impact on the SCQ's performance. Demographic factors predicting the SCQ total score were used to generate ROCs. Factors that had a significant influence on SCQ performance were identified by examining the area under the ROCs. Optimal SCQ cut?points were generated for significant factors using the Youden's Index. Overall male sex, lower household income, lower maternal education and Black race predicted higher SCQ scores. In this sample, the most common optimum value for the SCQ cut?point across the different sociodemographic groups was 11. Autism Res 2018, 11: 695?706. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Screeners are used to help identify children who are more likely to have ASD than their peers. Ideally screeners should be accurate for different groups of children and families. This study examined how well the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) predicts ASD. We found that male sex, lower household income, lower maternal education and Black race were associated with higher SCQ scores. In this study an SCQ cut?point of 11 worked best across the different sociodemographic groups in our sample. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1935 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363

Folate receptor autoantibodies are prevalent in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, their normal siblings and parents / V. QUADROS EDWARD in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.707-712 Titre : Folate receptor autoantibodies are prevalent in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, their normal siblings and parents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : V. QUADROS EDWARD, Auteur ; M. SEQUEIRA JEFFREY, Auteur ; W. Ted BROWN, Auteur ; Clifford MEVS, Auteur ; Elaine MARCHI, Auteur ; Michael FLORY, Auteur ; C. JENKINS EDMUND, Auteur ; T. VELINOV MILEN, Auteur ; Ira L. COHEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.707-712 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  folate receptor  autoantibodies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Folate deficiency can affect fetal and neonatal brain development Considering the reported association of Folate receptor alpha (FR?) autoantibodies (Abs) with autism and developmental disorders, we sought to confirm this in families of 82 children with ASD, 53 unaffected siblings, 65 fathers, and 70 mothers, along with 52 unrelated normal controls. Overall, 76% of the affected children, 75% of the unaffected siblings, 69% of fathers and 59% of mothers were positive for either blocking or binding Ab, whereas the prevalence of this Ab in the normal controls was 29%. The Ab was highly prevalent in affected families including unaffected siblings. The appearance of these antibodies may have a familial origin but the risk of developing ASD is likely influenced by other mitigating factors since some siblings who had the antibodies were not affected. The antibody response appears heritable with the blocking autoantibody in the parents and affected child increasing the risk of ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 707?712. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Folate is an essential nutrient during fetal and infant development. Autoantibodies against the folate receptor alpha can block folate transport from the mother to the fetus and to the brain in infants. Children diagnosed with autism and their immediate family members were evaluated for the prevalence of folate receptor autoantibodies. The autoantibody was highly prevalent in affected families with similar distribution in parents, normal siblings and affected children. The presence of these antibodies appears to have a familial origin and may contribute to developmental deficits when combined with other factors. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1934 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363 [article] Folate receptor autoantibodies are prevalent in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, their normal siblings and parents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / V. QUADROS EDWARD, Auteur ; M. SEQUEIRA JEFFREY, Auteur ; W. Ted BROWN, Auteur ; Clifford MEVS, Auteur ; Elaine MARCHI, Auteur ; Michael FLORY, Auteur ; C. JENKINS EDMUND, Auteur ; T. VELINOV MILEN, Auteur ; Ira L. COHEN, Auteur . - p.707-712. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.707-712 Mots-clés : autism  folate receptor  autoantibodies Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Folate deficiency can affect fetal and neonatal brain development Considering the reported association of Folate receptor alpha (FR?) autoantibodies (Abs) with autism and developmental disorders, we sought to confirm this in families of 82 children with ASD, 53 unaffected siblings, 65 fathers, and 70 mothers, along with 52 unrelated normal controls. Overall, 76% of the affected children, 75% of the unaffected siblings, 69% of fathers and 59% of mothers were positive for either blocking or binding Ab, whereas the prevalence of this Ab in the normal controls was 29%. The Ab was highly prevalent in affected families including unaffected siblings. The appearance of these antibodies may have a familial origin but the risk of developing ASD is likely influenced by other mitigating factors since some siblings who had the antibodies were not affected. The antibody response appears heritable with the blocking autoantibody in the parents and affected child increasing the risk of ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 707?712. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Folate is an essential nutrient during fetal and infant development. Autoantibodies against the folate receptor alpha can block folate transport from the mother to the fetus and to the brain in infants. Children diagnosed with autism and their immediate family members were evaluated for the prevalence of folate receptor autoantibodies. The autoantibody was highly prevalent in affected families with similar distribution in parents, normal siblings and affected children. The presence of these antibodies appears to have a familial origin and may contribute to developmental deficits when combined with other factors. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1934 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363

Neural mechanisms of behavioral change in young adults with high?functioning autism receiving virtual reality social cognition training: A pilot study / Y. J. Daniel YANG in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.713-725 Titre : Neural mechanisms of behavioral change in young adults with high?functioning autism receiving virtual reality social cognition training: A pilot study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Y. J. Daniel YANG, Auteur ; Tandra T. ALLEN, Auteur ; Sebiha M. ABDULLAHI, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur ; Fred R. VOLKMAR, Auteur ; Sandra B. CHAPMAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.713-725 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : neuroplasticity  adults with autism  emotion recognition  theory of mind  clinical trials  computerized treatment  virtual reality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Measuring treatment efficacy in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) relies primarily on behaviors, with limited evidence as to the neural mechanisms underlying these behavioral gains. This pilot study addresses this void by investigating neural and behavioral changes in a Phase I trial in young adults with high?functioning ASD who received an evidence?based behavioral intervention, Virtual Reality?Social Cognition Training over 5 weeks for a total of 10 hr. The participants were tested pre? and post?training with a validated biological/social versus scrambled/nonsocial motion neuroimaging task, previously shown to activate regions within the social brain networks. Three significant brain?behavior changes were identified. First, the right posterior superior temporal sulcus, a hub for socio?cognitive processing, showed increased brain activation to social versus nonsocial stimuli in individuals with greater gains on a theory?of?mind measure. Second, the left inferior frontal gyrus, a region for socio?emotional processing, tracked individual gains in emotion recognition with decreased activation to social versus nonsocial stimuli. Finally, the left superior parietal lobule, a region for visual attention, showed significantly decreased activation to nonsocial versus social stimuli across all participants, where heightened attention to nonsocial contingencies has been considered a disabling aspect of ASD. This study provides, albeit preliminary, some of the first evidence of the harnessable neuroplasticity in adults with ASD through an age?appropriate intervention in brain regions tightly linked to social abilities. This pilot trial motivates future efforts to develop and test social interventions to improve behaviors and supporting brain networks in adults with ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 713?725. ? 2018 The Authors Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This study addresses how the behavioral changes after treatment for ASD reflect underlying brain changes. Before and after receiving VR?SCT, young adults with high?functioning ASD passively viewed biological motion stimuli in a MRI scanner, tapping changes in the social brain network. The results reveal neuroplasticity in this age population, extending the window of opportunity for interventions to impact social competency in adults with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1941 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363 [article] Neural mechanisms of behavioral change in young adults with high?functioning autism receiving virtual reality social cognition training: A pilot study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Y. J. Daniel YANG, Auteur ; Tandra T. ALLEN, Auteur ; Sebiha M. ABDULLAHI, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur ; Fred R. VOLKMAR, Auteur ; Sandra B. CHAPMAN, Auteur . - p.713-725. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.713-725 Mots-clés : neuroplasticity  adults with autism  emotion recognition  theory of mind  clinical trials  computerized treatment  virtual reality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Measuring treatment efficacy in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) relies primarily on behaviors, with limited evidence as to the neural mechanisms underlying these behavioral gains. This pilot study addresses this void by investigating neural and behavioral changes in a Phase I trial in young adults with high?functioning ASD who received an evidence?based behavioral intervention, Virtual Reality?Social Cognition Training over 5 weeks for a total of 10 hr. The participants were tested pre? and post?training with a validated biological/social versus scrambled/nonsocial motion neuroimaging task, previously shown to activate regions within the social brain networks. Three significant brain?behavior changes were identified. First, the right posterior superior temporal sulcus, a hub for socio?cognitive processing, showed increased brain activation to social versus nonsocial stimuli in individuals with greater gains on a theory?of?mind measure. Second, the left inferior frontal gyrus, a region for socio?emotional processing, tracked individual gains in emotion recognition with decreased activation to social versus nonsocial stimuli. Finally, the left superior parietal lobule, a region for visual attention, showed significantly decreased activation to nonsocial versus social stimuli across all participants, where heightened attention to nonsocial contingencies has been considered a disabling aspect of ASD. This study provides, albeit preliminary, some of the first evidence of the harnessable neuroplasticity in adults with ASD through an age?appropriate intervention in brain regions tightly linked to social abilities. This pilot trial motivates future efforts to develop and test social interventions to improve behaviors and supporting brain networks in adults with ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 713?725. ? 2018 The Authors Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This study addresses how the behavioral changes after treatment for ASD reflect underlying brain changes. Before and after receiving VR?SCT, young adults with high?functioning ASD passively viewed biological motion stimuli in a MRI scanner, tapping changes in the social brain network. The results reveal neuroplasticity in this age population, extending the window of opportunity for interventions to impact social competency in adults with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1941 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363

Diminished respiratory sinus arrhythmia response in infants later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder / E. B. MCCORMICK CAROLYN in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.726-731 Titre : Diminished respiratory sinus arrhythmia response in infants later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. B. MCCORMICK CAROLYN, Auteur ; J. SHEINKOPF STEPHEN, Auteur ; P. LEVINE TODD, Auteur ; Linda L. LAGASSE, Auteur ; Ed TRONICK, Auteur ; L. LESTER BARRY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.726-731 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  infants  respiratory sinus arrhythmia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Indicators of risk for developing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are difficult to detect within the first year of life. In this study, infants who were originally followed prospectively to examine general developmental risks due to substance exposure interacted with their mother and an unfamiliar experimenter for 2?min episodes at 4 months of age. Electrocardiogram was collected to measure respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and the session was video recorded for behavioral coding. Two groups of infants were compared: infants with a diagnosed ASD outcome (N=8) and matched controls (N=186). Infants were compared on mean RSA and infant behavioral codes for each 2?min episode. No significant group differences were revealed on RSA or behavior during interactions between the infants and mothers. However, in response to play with a stranger, infants with an ASD outcome had lower RSA (M=2.49, 95% CI [2.30, 2.98]) than controls (M=3.12, 95% CI [3.06, 3.18]). During the interaction with a stranger, lower RSA response was associated with more protesting behaviors (P? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1929 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363 [article] Diminished respiratory sinus arrhythmia response in infants later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. B. MCCORMICK CAROLYN, Auteur ; J. SHEINKOPF STEPHEN, Auteur ; P. LEVINE TODD, Auteur ; Linda L. LAGASSE, Auteur ; Ed TRONICK, Auteur ; L. LESTER BARRY, Auteur . - p.726-731. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.726-731 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  infants  respiratory sinus arrhythmia Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Indicators of risk for developing Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are difficult to detect within the first year of life. In this study, infants who were originally followed prospectively to examine general developmental risks due to substance exposure interacted with their mother and an unfamiliar experimenter for 2?min episodes at 4 months of age. Electrocardiogram was collected to measure respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and the session was video recorded for behavioral coding. Two groups of infants were compared: infants with a diagnosed ASD outcome (N=8) and matched controls (N=186). Infants were compared on mean RSA and infant behavioral codes for each 2?min episode. No significant group differences were revealed on RSA or behavior during interactions between the infants and mothers. However, in response to play with a stranger, infants with an ASD outcome had lower RSA (M=2.49, 95% CI [2.30, 2.98]) than controls (M=3.12, 95% CI [3.06, 3.18]). During the interaction with a stranger, lower RSA response was associated with more protesting behaviors (P? En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1929 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363

Fostering Spontaneous Visual Attention in Children on the Autism Spectrum: A Proof?of?Concept Study Comparing Singing and Speech / Anne THOMPSON GRACE in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.732-737 Titre : Fostering Spontaneous Visual Attention in Children on the Autism Spectrum: A Proof?of?Concept Study Comparing Singing and Speech Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anne THOMPSON GRACE, Auteur ; Allen ABEL LARRY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.732-737 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  social cognition and social behavior  music therapy  visual attention  school?age children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children on the autism spectrum are reported to have lower rates of social gaze as early as toddlerhood, and this pattern persists across the lifespan. Finding ways to promote more natural and spontaneous engagement in social interactions may help to boost developmental opportunities in the child's home and community settings. This proof?of?concept study hypothesized that a video of a singer would elicit more attention to the performer, particularly to her face, than a video of her reading a story, and that the child's familiarity with the material would enhance attention. Sixteen children on the autism spectrum (7?10 years old) watched 4 videos 1 min long comprising a favorite song or story, and an unfamiliar song and story. Eye movements were recorded, and three?way repeated measures ANOVAs examined the proportion of total valid visual dwell time and fixations, in each trial and each target area. For proportion of both dwell time and fixation counts, children were significantly more likely to look at the performer's face and body and less at the prop during singing than story?telling and when familiar rather than unfamiliar material was presented. These findings raise important issues for supporting children to naturally initiate looking toward a person's face. Autism Res 2018, 11: 732?737. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Children on the autism spectrum may have difficulty looking at people, particularly their faces. In this study, children watched videos of someone singing or reading a story. The results show that children look more at the person if they were singing and if the story was familiar to them. Using songs and familiar stories may be a way to help children with autism to naturally engage with others. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1930 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363 [article] Fostering Spontaneous Visual Attention in Children on the Autism Spectrum: A Proof?of?Concept Study Comparing Singing and Speech [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anne THOMPSON GRACE, Auteur ; Allen ABEL LARRY, Auteur . - p.732-737. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.732-737 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  social cognition and social behavior  music therapy  visual attention  school?age children Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children on the autism spectrum are reported to have lower rates of social gaze as early as toddlerhood, and this pattern persists across the lifespan. Finding ways to promote more natural and spontaneous engagement in social interactions may help to boost developmental opportunities in the child's home and community settings. This proof?of?concept study hypothesized that a video of a singer would elicit more attention to the performer, particularly to her face, than a video of her reading a story, and that the child's familiarity with the material would enhance attention. Sixteen children on the autism spectrum (7?10 years old) watched 4 videos 1 min long comprising a favorite song or story, and an unfamiliar song and story. Eye movements were recorded, and three?way repeated measures ANOVAs examined the proportion of total valid visual dwell time and fixations, in each trial and each target area. For proportion of both dwell time and fixation counts, children were significantly more likely to look at the performer's face and body and less at the prop during singing than story?telling and when familiar rather than unfamiliar material was presented. These findings raise important issues for supporting children to naturally initiate looking toward a person's face. Autism Res 2018, 11: 732?737. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Children on the autism spectrum may have difficulty looking at people, particularly their faces. In this study, children watched videos of someone singing or reading a story. The results show that children look more at the person if they were singing and if the story was familiar to them. Using songs and familiar stories may be a way to help children with autism to naturally engage with others. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1930 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363

Measurement properties of tools used to assess depression in adults with and without autism spectrum conditions: A systematic review / Sarah A. CASSIDY in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.738-754 Titre : Measurement properties of tools used to assess depression in adults with and without autism spectrum conditions: A systematic review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sarah A. CASSIDY, Auteur ; Louise BRADLEY, Auteur ; E. BOWEN, Auteur ; S. WIGHAM, Auteur ; J. RODGERS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.738-754 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum condition  general population  Asperger syndrome  depression  measurement properties  assessment  systematic review  COSMIN Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Depression is the most commonly experienced mental health condition in adults with autism spectrum conditions (ASC). However, it is unclear what tools are currently being used to assess depression in ASC, or whether tools need to be adapted for this group. This systematic review therefore aimed to identify tools used to assess depression in adults with and without ASC, and then evaluate these tools for their appropriateness and measurement properties. Medline, PsychINFO and Web of Knowledge were searched for studies of depression in: (a) adults with ASC, without co?morbid intellectual disability; and (b) adults from the general population without co?morbid conditions. Articles examining the measurement properties of these tools were then searched for using a methodological filter in PubMed, and the quality of the evidence was evaluated using the COSMIN checklist. Twelve articles were identified which utilized three tools to assess depression in adults with ASC, but only one article which assessed the measurement properties of one of these tools was identified and thus evaluated. Sixty?four articles were identified which utilized five tools to assess depression in general population adults, and fourteen articles had assessed the measurement properties of these tools. Overall, two tools were found to be robust in their measurement properties in the general population?the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI?II), and the patient health questionnaire (PHQ?9). Crucially only one study was identified from the COSMIN search, which showed weak evidence in support of the measurement properties of the BDI?II in an ASC sample. Implications for effective measurement of depression in ASC are discussed. Autism Res 2018, 11: 738?754. ? 2018 The Authors Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Depression is the most common mental health problem experienced by adults with autism. However, the current study found very limited evidence regarding how useful tools developed for the general population are for adults with autism. We therefore suggest how these tools could be adapted to more effectively assess depression in adults with autism, and improve these individuals access to mental health assessment and support. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1922 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363 [article] Measurement properties of tools used to assess depression in adults with and without autism spectrum conditions: A systematic review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sarah A. CASSIDY, Auteur ; Louise BRADLEY, Auteur ; E. BOWEN, Auteur ; S. WIGHAM, Auteur ; J. RODGERS, Auteur . - p.738-754. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.738-754 Mots-clés : autism spectrum condition  general population  Asperger syndrome  depression  measurement properties  assessment  systematic review  COSMIN Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Depression is the most commonly experienced mental health condition in adults with autism spectrum conditions (ASC). However, it is unclear what tools are currently being used to assess depression in ASC, or whether tools need to be adapted for this group. This systematic review therefore aimed to identify tools used to assess depression in adults with and without ASC, and then evaluate these tools for their appropriateness and measurement properties. Medline, PsychINFO and Web of Knowledge were searched for studies of depression in: (a) adults with ASC, without co?morbid intellectual disability; and (b) adults from the general population without co?morbid conditions. Articles examining the measurement properties of these tools were then searched for using a methodological filter in PubMed, and the quality of the evidence was evaluated using the COSMIN checklist. Twelve articles were identified which utilized three tools to assess depression in adults with ASC, but only one article which assessed the measurement properties of one of these tools was identified and thus evaluated. Sixty?four articles were identified which utilized five tools to assess depression in general population adults, and fourteen articles had assessed the measurement properties of these tools. Overall, two tools were found to be robust in their measurement properties in the general population?the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI?II), and the patient health questionnaire (PHQ?9). Crucially only one study was identified from the COSMIN search, which showed weak evidence in support of the measurement properties of the BDI?II in an ASC sample. Implications for effective measurement of depression in ASC are discussed. Autism Res 2018, 11: 738?754. ? 2018 The Authors Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Depression is the most common mental health problem experienced by adults with autism. However, the current study found very limited evidence regarding how useful tools developed for the general population are for adults with autism. We therefore suggest how these tools could be adapted to more effectively assess depression in adults with autism, and improve these individuals access to mental health assessment and support. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1922 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363

Bidirectional influences of caregiver utterances and supported joint engagement in children with and without autism spectrum disorder / Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.755-765 Titre : Bidirectional influences of caregiver utterances and supported joint engagement in children with and without autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur ; Blair LLOYD, Auteur ; Linda R. WATSON, Auteur ; Paul J. YODER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.755-765 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  supported joint engagement  caregiver talk  sequential analysis  responsivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined sequential associations between pairs of caregiver talk and caregiver?child joint engagement categories. Sequential associations quantify the extent to which one event (such as a particular type of caregiver talk) follows another event (such as a particular type of joint engagement) in a pre?specified time window, while controlling for the chance occurrence of the sequence. Although unable to support strong conclusions about causality, the requirement of sequential analysis that key events occur within a close temporal sequence rules out alternative explanation for associations that summary?level correlations cannot. We applied sequential analysis to observational data on 98 caregiver?child dyads, fifty of which included a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Groups were matched on mental age, and all were just beginning to develop spoken vocabulary. Sequential associations between supported joint engagement and caregiver follow?in utterances were stronger in ASD dyads as compared to dyads with typically developing children. Further, sequential associations between utterances related to the child's focus of attention followed by higher order supported joint engagement (HSJE) were stronger than between utterances that related to the caregiver's focus of attention and HSJE, across both groups. Finally, sequential associations between follow?in directives followed by HSJE were stronger than between follow?in comments followed by HSJE, again across both groups of children. Autism Res 2018, 11: 755?765. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Our findings suggest that caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be particularly adept at timing their talk to follow moments of high?level joint engagement, and that follow?in directives are particularly facilitative of high?level joint engagement. Future intervention work can capitalize on these findings to support high level caregiver?child engagement around toys, which may promote development in children with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1928 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363 [article] Bidirectional influences of caregiver utterances and supported joint engagement in children with and without autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kristen BOTTEMA-BEUTEL, Auteur ; Blair LLOYD, Auteur ; Linda R. WATSON, Auteur ; Paul J. YODER, Auteur . - p.755-765. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.755-765 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  supported joint engagement  caregiver talk  sequential analysis  responsivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined sequential associations between pairs of caregiver talk and caregiver?child joint engagement categories. Sequential associations quantify the extent to which one event (such as a particular type of caregiver talk) follows another event (such as a particular type of joint engagement) in a pre?specified time window, while controlling for the chance occurrence of the sequence. Although unable to support strong conclusions about causality, the requirement of sequential analysis that key events occur within a close temporal sequence rules out alternative explanation for associations that summary?level correlations cannot. We applied sequential analysis to observational data on 98 caregiver?child dyads, fifty of which included a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Groups were matched on mental age, and all were just beginning to develop spoken vocabulary. Sequential associations between supported joint engagement and caregiver follow?in utterances were stronger in ASD dyads as compared to dyads with typically developing children. Further, sequential associations between utterances related to the child's focus of attention followed by higher order supported joint engagement (HSJE) were stronger than between utterances that related to the caregiver's focus of attention and HSJE, across both groups. Finally, sequential associations between follow?in directives followed by HSJE were stronger than between follow?in comments followed by HSJE, again across both groups of children. Autism Res 2018, 11: 755?765. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Our findings suggest that caregivers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be particularly adept at timing their talk to follow moments of high?level joint engagement, and that follow?in directives are particularly facilitative of high?level joint engagement. Future intervention work can capitalize on these findings to support high level caregiver?child engagement around toys, which may promote development in children with ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1928 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363

Special interests and subjective wellbeing in autistic adults / Rachel GROVE in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.766-775 Titre : Special interests and subjective wellbeing in autistic adults Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachel GROVE, Auteur ; A. HOEKSTRA ROSA, Auteur ; Marlies WIERDA, Auteur ; Sander BEGEER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.766-775 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  adults  special interests  motivation  wellbeing  quality of life Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Special interests form part of the core features of autism. However, to date there has been limited research focusing on the role of special interests in the lives of autistic adults. This study surveyed autistic adults on their special interest topics, intensity, and motivation. It also assessed the relationship between special interests and a range of quality of life measures including subjective wellbeing and domain specific life satisfaction. About two thirds of the sample reported having a special interest, with relatively more males reporting a special interest than females. Special interest topics included computers, autism, music, nature and gardening. Most autistic adults engaged in more than one special interest, highlighting that these interests may not be as narrow as previously described. There were no differences in subjective wellbeing between autistic adults with and without special interests. However, for autistic adults who did have special interests, motivation for engaging in special interests was associated with increased subjective wellbeing. This indicates that motivation may play an important role in our understanding of special interests in autism. Special interests had a positive impact on autistic adults and were associated with higher subjective wellbeing and satisfaction across specific life domains including social contact and leisure. However, a very high intensity of engagement with special interests was negatively related to wellbeing. Combined, these findings have important implications for the role of special interests in the lives of autistic adults. Autism Res 2018, 11: 766?775. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Autistic adults reported having special interests in a range of topics, including computers, music, autism, nature and gardening. Special interests were associated with a number of positive outcomes for autistic adults. They were also related to subjective wellbeing and satisfaction across specific life domains including social contact and leisure. Very high intensity of engagement with special interests was related to lower levels of wellbeing. This highlights the important role that special interests play in the lives of autistic adults. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1931 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363 [article] Special interests and subjective wellbeing in autistic adults [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachel GROVE, Auteur ; A. HOEKSTRA ROSA, Auteur ; Marlies WIERDA, Auteur ; Sander BEGEER, Auteur . - p.766-775. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.766-775 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  adults  special interests  motivation  wellbeing  quality of life Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Special interests form part of the core features of autism. However, to date there has been limited research focusing on the role of special interests in the lives of autistic adults. This study surveyed autistic adults on their special interest topics, intensity, and motivation. It also assessed the relationship between special interests and a range of quality of life measures including subjective wellbeing and domain specific life satisfaction. About two thirds of the sample reported having a special interest, with relatively more males reporting a special interest than females. Special interest topics included computers, autism, music, nature and gardening. Most autistic adults engaged in more than one special interest, highlighting that these interests may not be as narrow as previously described. There were no differences in subjective wellbeing between autistic adults with and without special interests. However, for autistic adults who did have special interests, motivation for engaging in special interests was associated with increased subjective wellbeing. This indicates that motivation may play an important role in our understanding of special interests in autism. Special interests had a positive impact on autistic adults and were associated with higher subjective wellbeing and satisfaction across specific life domains including social contact and leisure. However, a very high intensity of engagement with special interests was negatively related to wellbeing. Combined, these findings have important implications for the role of special interests in the lives of autistic adults. Autism Res 2018, 11: 766?775. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Autistic adults reported having special interests in a range of topics, including computers, music, autism, nature and gardening. Special interests were associated with a number of positive outcomes for autistic adults. They were also related to subjective wellbeing and satisfaction across specific life domains including social contact and leisure. Very high intensity of engagement with special interests was related to lower levels of wellbeing. This highlights the important role that special interests play in the lives of autistic adults. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1931 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363

The impact on the family of the co?existing conditions of children with autism spectrum disorder / M. PETROU ALEXANDRA in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.776-787 Titre : The impact on the family of the co?existing conditions of children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. PETROU ALEXANDRA, Auteur ; Abigail SOUL, Auteur ; Beena KOSHY, Auteur ; Helen MCCONACHIE, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.776-787 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : impact on the family  co?existing conditions  sleep  autism  ASD Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We aimed to investigate whether the impact on families of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with the number and/or type of emotional and behavioral co?existing conditions that parents/carers of children with ASD reported as occurring frequently. In addition, we examined whether there was a greater impact on families if their child was male, had lower levels of language, had more severe autism symptomatology, and whether impact was associated with the number and/or type of co?existing conditions. Families were recruited from large UK research databases. 420 parents/carers of children aged 3 years 2 months to 18 years 8 months completed the revised Impact on Family (IoF) Scale and reported on the frequency/rate of their child's co?existing conditions. Parents/carers reported higher mean IoF scores if their child: had a greater number of frequent co?existing conditions; had sleep problems; was only able to communicate physically; and had more severe autism symptomatology. The development and implementation of targeted treatment and management approaches are needed to reduce the impact of co?existing conditions on family life. Autism Res 2018, 11: 776?787. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is commonly associated with emotional and/or behavior conditions that affect family life. Parents/carers of children with ASD who: (a) reported a greater number of frequent co?existing conditions, (b) had sleep problems, (c) were only able to communicate physically, and (d) had more severe symptoms characteristic of autism, reported a greater burden/strain on the family. Treatment approaches to target co?existing conditions alongside characteristics of ASD are needed to reduce their impact on family life. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1932 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363 [article] The impact on the family of the co?existing conditions of children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. PETROU ALEXANDRA, Auteur ; Abigail SOUL, Auteur ; Beena KOSHY, Auteur ; Helen MCCONACHIE, Auteur ; Jeremy R. PARR, Auteur . - p.776-787. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.776-787 Mots-clés : impact on the family  co?existing conditions  sleep  autism  ASD Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We aimed to investigate whether the impact on families of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is associated with the number and/or type of emotional and behavioral co?existing conditions that parents/carers of children with ASD reported as occurring frequently. In addition, we examined whether there was a greater impact on families if their child was male, had lower levels of language, had more severe autism symptomatology, and whether impact was associated with the number and/or type of co?existing conditions. Families were recruited from large UK research databases. 420 parents/carers of children aged 3 years 2 months to 18 years 8 months completed the revised Impact on Family (IoF) Scale and reported on the frequency/rate of their child's co?existing conditions. Parents/carers reported higher mean IoF scores if their child: had a greater number of frequent co?existing conditions; had sleep problems; was only able to communicate physically; and had more severe autism symptomatology. The development and implementation of targeted treatment and management approaches are needed to reduce the impact of co?existing conditions on family life. Autism Res 2018, 11: 776?787. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is commonly associated with emotional and/or behavior conditions that affect family life. Parents/carers of children with ASD who: (a) reported a greater number of frequent co?existing conditions, (b) had sleep problems, (c) were only able to communicate physically, and (d) had more severe symptoms characteristic of autism, reported a greater burden/strain on the family. Treatment approaches to target co?existing conditions alongside characteristics of ASD are needed to reduce their impact on family life. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1932 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363

Onset patterns in autism: Variation across informants, methods, and timing / Sally OZONOFF in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.788-797 Titre : Onset patterns in autism: Variation across informants, methods, and timing Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sally OZONOFF, Auteur ; Devon GANGI, Auteur ; P. HANZEL ELISE, Auteur ; Alesha HILL, Auteur ; M. HILL MONIQUE, Auteur ; Meghan MILLER, Auteur ; A. J. SCHWICHTENBERG, Auteur ; Beth STEINFELD MARY, Auteur ; Chandni PARIKH, Auteur ; Ana?Maria IOSIF, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.788-797 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : early signs  infants  regression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While previous studies suggested that regressive forms of onset were not common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), more recent investigations suggest that the rates are quite high and may be under?reported using certain methods. The current study undertook a systematic investigation of how rates of regression differed by measurement method. Infants with (n=147) and without a family history of ASD (n=83) were seen prospectively for up to 7 visits in the first three years of life. Reports of symptom onset were collected using four measures that systematically varied the informant (examiner vs. parent), the decision type (categorical [regression absent or present] vs. dimensional [frequency of social behaviors]), and the timing of the assessment (retrospective vs. prospective). Latent class growth models were used to classify individual trajectories to see whether regressive onset patterns were infrequent or widespread within the ASD group. A majority of the sample was classified as having a regressive onset using either examiner (88%) or parent (69%) prospective dimensional ratings. Rates of regression were much lower using retrospective or categorical measures (from 29 to 47%). Agreement among different measurement methods was low. Declining trajectories of development, consistent with a regressive onset pattern, are common in children with ASD and may be more the rule than the exception. The accuracy of widely used methods of measuring onset is questionable and the present findings argue against their widespread use. Autism Res 2018, 11: 788?797. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This study examines different ways of measuring the onset of symptoms in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present findings suggest that declining developmental skills, consistent with a regressive onset pattern, are common in children with ASD and may be more the rule than the exception. The results question the accuracy of widely used methods of measuring symptom onset and argue against their widespread use. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1943 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363 [article] Onset patterns in autism: Variation across informants, methods, and timing [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sally OZONOFF, Auteur ; Devon GANGI, Auteur ; P. HANZEL ELISE, Auteur ; Alesha HILL, Auteur ; M. HILL MONIQUE, Auteur ; Meghan MILLER, Auteur ; A. J. SCHWICHTENBERG, Auteur ; Beth STEINFELD MARY, Auteur ; Chandni PARIKH, Auteur ; Ana?Maria IOSIF, Auteur . - p.788-797. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.788-797 Mots-clés : early signs  infants  regression Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While previous studies suggested that regressive forms of onset were not common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), more recent investigations suggest that the rates are quite high and may be under?reported using certain methods. The current study undertook a systematic investigation of how rates of regression differed by measurement method. Infants with (n=147) and without a family history of ASD (n=83) were seen prospectively for up to 7 visits in the first three years of life. Reports of symptom onset were collected using four measures that systematically varied the informant (examiner vs. parent), the decision type (categorical [regression absent or present] vs. dimensional [frequency of social behaviors]), and the timing of the assessment (retrospective vs. prospective). Latent class growth models were used to classify individual trajectories to see whether regressive onset patterns were infrequent or widespread within the ASD group. A majority of the sample was classified as having a regressive onset using either examiner (88%) or parent (69%) prospective dimensional ratings. Rates of regression were much lower using retrospective or categorical measures (from 29 to 47%). Agreement among different measurement methods was low. Declining trajectories of development, consistent with a regressive onset pattern, are common in children with ASD and may be more the rule than the exception. The accuracy of widely used methods of measuring onset is questionable and the present findings argue against their widespread use. Autism Res 2018, 11: 788?797. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This study examines different ways of measuring the onset of symptoms in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The present findings suggest that declining developmental skills, consistent with a regressive onset pattern, are common in children with ASD and may be more the rule than the exception. The results question the accuracy of widely used methods of measuring symptom onset and argue against their widespread use. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1943 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363

Spatial navigation from same and different directions: The role of executive functions, memory and attention in adults with autism spectrum disorder / Melanie RING in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.798-810 Titre : Spatial navigation from same and different directions: The role of executive functions, memory and attention in adults with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melanie RING, Auteur ; B. GAIGG SEBASTIAN, Auteur ; Olivier DE CONDAPPA, Auteur ; M. WIENER JAN, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.798-810 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : spatial navigation  autism  memory  executive function  task support  eye movements Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To resolve some of the inconsistencies in existing research into spatial navigation in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we tested two large age? and ability?matched groups of ASD and typically developing (TD) participants for their spatial navigation abilities in a route learning task, which has been shown to shed light on the strategies participants employ when navigating complex environments. Participants studied a route through a virtual maze by watching a short video of a first?person perspective navigating a maze. The maze included four four?way intersections that were each marked with two unique landmarks in two corners of the intersection. At test, static images of the intersections, either as seen during the video or as approached from a different direction, were presented and participants had to indicate in which direction they would need to travel (straight, left, or right) in order to follow the originally studied route. On both types of test trials, the ASD group performed worse and their difficulties were related to reduced cognitive flexibility. Eye?movement data and follow?up item?memory tests suggested that navigation difficulties may have been related to differences in attention during encoding and less spontaneous use of landmarks as cues for navigation. Spatial navigation performance was best predicted by memory for landmarks as well as by executive functions. The results are discussed in relation to theories of underlying navigation?related brain regions. More research is needed to disentangle the influence of executive functions, memory and attention on spatial navigation. Autism Res 2018, 11: 798?810. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Navigating an environment is difficult for people with ASD independent of whether they are travelling in the same or in a different direction from that which they originally studied. The present study suggests that flexibility in alternating travel directions, difficulties in remembering landmarks as well as reduced attention to landmarks while learning a route play a role in the navigation difficulties in ASD. Guidance at route learning might help autistic individuals to improve their ability to navigate in their environments. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1924 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363 [article] Spatial navigation from same and different directions: The role of executive functions, memory and attention in adults with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melanie RING, Auteur ; B. GAIGG SEBASTIAN, Auteur ; Olivier DE CONDAPPA, Auteur ; M. WIENER JAN, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur . - p.798-810. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.798-810 Mots-clés : spatial navigation  autism  memory  executive function  task support  eye movements Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : To resolve some of the inconsistencies in existing research into spatial navigation in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), we tested two large age? and ability?matched groups of ASD and typically developing (TD) participants for their spatial navigation abilities in a route learning task, which has been shown to shed light on the strategies participants employ when navigating complex environments. Participants studied a route through a virtual maze by watching a short video of a first?person perspective navigating a maze. The maze included four four?way intersections that were each marked with two unique landmarks in two corners of the intersection. At test, static images of the intersections, either as seen during the video or as approached from a different direction, were presented and participants had to indicate in which direction they would need to travel (straight, left, or right) in order to follow the originally studied route. On both types of test trials, the ASD group performed worse and their difficulties were related to reduced cognitive flexibility. Eye?movement data and follow?up item?memory tests suggested that navigation difficulties may have been related to differences in attention during encoding and less spontaneous use of landmarks as cues for navigation. Spatial navigation performance was best predicted by memory for landmarks as well as by executive functions. The results are discussed in relation to theories of underlying navigation?related brain regions. More research is needed to disentangle the influence of executive functions, memory and attention on spatial navigation. Autism Res 2018, 11: 798?810. ? 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Navigating an environment is difficult for people with ASD independent of whether they are travelling in the same or in a different direction from that which they originally studied. The present study suggests that flexibility in alternating travel directions, difficulties in remembering landmarks as well as reduced attention to landmarks while learning a route play a role in the navigation difficulties in ASD. Guidance at route learning might help autistic individuals to improve their ability to navigate in their environments. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1924 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363

Erratum to article “Sensitivity to Audio?Visual Synchrony and Its Relation to Language Abilities in Children with ASD” Autism Research, 10.1002/aur.1918 in Autism Research, 11-5 (May 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.811-812 Titre : Erratum to article “Sensitivity to Audio?Visual Synchrony and Its Relation to Language Abilities in Children with ASD” Autism Research, 10.1002/aur.1918 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.811-812 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1951 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363 [article] Erratum to article “Sensitivity to Audio?Visual Synchrony and Its Relation to Language Abilities in Children with ASD” Autism Research, 10.1002/aur.1918 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.811-812. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-5 (May 2018) . - p.811-812 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1951 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=363