Dépouillements

Neural Evidence for Speech Processing Deficits During a Cocktail Party Scenario in Minimally and Low Verbal Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism / Sophie SCHWARTZ in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1828-1842 Titre : Neural Evidence for Speech Processing Deficits During a Cocktail Party Scenario in Minimally and Low Verbal Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sophie SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Le WANG, Auteur ; Barbara G. SHINN-CUNNINGHAM, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1828-1842 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : auditory attention  autism  cocktail party effect  minimally verbal  mismatch Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : As demonstrated by the Cocktail Party Effect, a person's attention is grabbed when they hear their name in a multispeaker setting. However, individuals with autism (ASD) are commonly challenged in multispeaker settings and often do not respond to salient speech, including one's own name (OON). It is unknown whether neural responses during this Cocktail Party scenario differ in those with ASD and whether such differences are associated with expressive language or auditory filtering abilities. We measured neural responses to hearing OON in quiet and multispeaker settings using electroencephalography in 20 minimally or low verbal ASD (ASD-MLV), 27 verbally fluent ASD (ASD-V), and 27 neurotypical (TD) participants, ages 13-22. First, we determined whether TD's neural responses to OON relative to other names could be quantified with early frontal mismatch responses (MMRs) and late, slow shift parietal and frontal responses (LPPs/FNs). Second, we compared the strength of MMRs and LPPs/FNs across the three groups. Third, we tested whether participants with poorer auditory filtering abilities exhibited particularly weak neural responses to OON heard in a multispeaker setting. Our primary finding was that TDs and ASD-Vs, but not ASD-MLVs, had significant MMRs to OON in a multispeaker setting, and strength of LPPs positively correlated with auditory filtering abilities in those with ASD. These findings reveal electrophysiological correlates of auditory filtering disruption within a clinical population that has severe language and communication impairments and offer a novel neuroimaging approach to studying the Cocktail Party effect in neurotypical and clinical populations. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1828-1842. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC. LAY SUMMARY: We found that minimally and low verbal adolescents and young adults with autism exhibit decreased neural responses to one's own name when heard in a multispeaker setting. In addition, decreased strength of neural responses in those with autism correlated with decreased auditory filtering abilities. We propose that these neural deficits may reflect the ineffective processing of salient speech in noisy settings and contribute to language and communication deficits observed in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2356 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Neural Evidence for Speech Processing Deficits During a Cocktail Party Scenario in Minimally and Low Verbal Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sophie SCHWARTZ, Auteur ; Le WANG, Auteur ; Barbara G. SHINN-CUNNINGHAM, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur . - p.1828-1842. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1828-1842 Mots-clés : auditory attention  autism  cocktail party effect  minimally verbal  mismatch Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : As demonstrated by the Cocktail Party Effect, a person's attention is grabbed when they hear their name in a multispeaker setting. However, individuals with autism (ASD) are commonly challenged in multispeaker settings and often do not respond to salient speech, including one's own name (OON). It is unknown whether neural responses during this Cocktail Party scenario differ in those with ASD and whether such differences are associated with expressive language or auditory filtering abilities. We measured neural responses to hearing OON in quiet and multispeaker settings using electroencephalography in 20 minimally or low verbal ASD (ASD-MLV), 27 verbally fluent ASD (ASD-V), and 27 neurotypical (TD) participants, ages 13-22. First, we determined whether TD's neural responses to OON relative to other names could be quantified with early frontal mismatch responses (MMRs) and late, slow shift parietal and frontal responses (LPPs/FNs). Second, we compared the strength of MMRs and LPPs/FNs across the three groups. Third, we tested whether participants with poorer auditory filtering abilities exhibited particularly weak neural responses to OON heard in a multispeaker setting. Our primary finding was that TDs and ASD-Vs, but not ASD-MLVs, had significant MMRs to OON in a multispeaker setting, and strength of LPPs positively correlated with auditory filtering abilities in those with ASD. These findings reveal electrophysiological correlates of auditory filtering disruption within a clinical population that has severe language and communication impairments and offer a novel neuroimaging approach to studying the Cocktail Party effect in neurotypical and clinical populations. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1828-1842. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC. LAY SUMMARY: We found that minimally and low verbal adolescents and young adults with autism exhibit decreased neural responses to one's own name when heard in a multispeaker setting. In addition, decreased strength of neural responses in those with autism correlated with decreased auditory filtering abilities. We propose that these neural deficits may reflect the ineffective processing of salient speech in noisy settings and contribute to language and communication deficits observed in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2356 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

An Association Between Serotonin 1A Receptor, Gray Matter Volume, and Sociability in Healthy Subjects and in Autism Spectrum Disorder / Arthur LEFEVRE in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1843-1855 Titre : An Association Between Serotonin 1A Receptor, Gray Matter Volume, and Sociability in Healthy Subjects and in Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Arthur LEFEVRE, Auteur ; Nathalie RICHARD, Auteur ; Raphaelle MOTTOLESE, Auteur ; Marion LEBOYER, Auteur ; Angela SIRIGU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1843-1855 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Mri  PET scan  autism  gray matter volume  serotonin 1A receptor  sociality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Central serotonin is an important molecular pathway, involved in the regulation of social behavior and gray matter volume (GMV). In men with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), the serotonergic system and the GMV have been found disrupted. Here, we investigated the relation between serotonin, GMV, and social personality in men with typical development (TD) and in men with ASD. We combined anatomical magnetic resonance imaging, Positron emission tomography scan with 2'-methoxyphenyl-(N-2'-pyridinyl)-p-18F-fluoro-benzamidoethylpiperazine radioligand and revised NEO personality inventory personality questionnaire to examine the association between serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT(1A) R) binding potential, GMV and social personality in 24 adult male TD subjects and 18 male men with ASD. In both groups, we found a positive correlation between 5-HT(1A) R binding potential and GMV in a region dependent manner. In the TD group, we observed a negative correlation between 5-HT(1A) R and GMV in the left and right posterior putamen. 5HT(1A) R binding and GMV in the putamen further correlated with social personality scores in the TD group. None of these associations were found in men with ASD, although no differences were observed for 5-HT(1A) R concentration among the two groups. Our findings point to a deregulation of 5-HT(1A) R density in the striatum of men with ASD, a failure that might contribute to their social disturbances. Serotonin is suspected to be involved in the pathophysiology of autism. We provide evidence for a role of serotonin 1A receptor in social behavior through a specific regulation of GMV in the putamen region in neurotypical subjects but not in men with autism. This suggests a potential impairment of the serotonergic system in men with autism which may contribute to patients' social disturbances. Our findings suggest further investigation on the role of serotonin 1A receptor and its activity in the striatum to regulate social behavior. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1843-1855. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: Serotonin is suspected to be involved in the pathophysiology of autism. We provide evidence for a role of serotonin 1A receptor in social behavior through a specific regulation of gray matter volume in the putamen region in neurotypical subjects but not in men with autism. This suggests a potential impairment of the serotonergic system in men with autism which may contribute to patients' social disturbances. Our findings suggest further investigation on the role of serotonin 1A receptor and its activity in the striatum to regulate social behavior. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2360 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] An Association Between Serotonin 1A Receptor, Gray Matter Volume, and Sociability in Healthy Subjects and in Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Arthur LEFEVRE, Auteur ; Nathalie RICHARD, Auteur ; Raphaelle MOTTOLESE, Auteur ; Marion LEBOYER, Auteur ; Angela SIRIGU, Auteur . - p.1843-1855. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1843-1855 Mots-clés : Mri  PET scan  autism  gray matter volume  serotonin 1A receptor  sociality Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Central serotonin is an important molecular pathway, involved in the regulation of social behavior and gray matter volume (GMV). In men with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), the serotonergic system and the GMV have been found disrupted. Here, we investigated the relation between serotonin, GMV, and social personality in men with typical development (TD) and in men with ASD. We combined anatomical magnetic resonance imaging, Positron emission tomography scan with 2'-methoxyphenyl-(N-2'-pyridinyl)-p-18F-fluoro-benzamidoethylpiperazine radioligand and revised NEO personality inventory personality questionnaire to examine the association between serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT(1A) R) binding potential, GMV and social personality in 24 adult male TD subjects and 18 male men with ASD. In both groups, we found a positive correlation between 5-HT(1A) R binding potential and GMV in a region dependent manner. In the TD group, we observed a negative correlation between 5-HT(1A) R and GMV in the left and right posterior putamen. 5HT(1A) R binding and GMV in the putamen further correlated with social personality scores in the TD group. None of these associations were found in men with ASD, although no differences were observed for 5-HT(1A) R concentration among the two groups. Our findings point to a deregulation of 5-HT(1A) R density in the striatum of men with ASD, a failure that might contribute to their social disturbances. Serotonin is suspected to be involved in the pathophysiology of autism. We provide evidence for a role of serotonin 1A receptor in social behavior through a specific regulation of GMV in the putamen region in neurotypical subjects but not in men with autism. This suggests a potential impairment of the serotonergic system in men with autism which may contribute to patients' social disturbances. Our findings suggest further investigation on the role of serotonin 1A receptor and its activity in the striatum to regulate social behavior. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1843-1855. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: Serotonin is suspected to be involved in the pathophysiology of autism. We provide evidence for a role of serotonin 1A receptor in social behavior through a specific regulation of gray matter volume in the putamen region in neurotypical subjects but not in men with autism. This suggests a potential impairment of the serotonergic system in men with autism which may contribute to patients' social disturbances. Our findings suggest further investigation on the role of serotonin 1A receptor and its activity in the striatum to regulate social behavior. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2360 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

The Autism Impact Measure (AIM): Examination of Sensitivity to Change / Micah O MAZUREK in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1867-1879 Titre : The Autism Impact Measure (AIM): Examination of Sensitivity to Change Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Micah O MAZUREK, Auteur ; Coleen CARLSON, Auteur ; Mary BAKER-ERICZEN, Auteur ; Eric BUTTER, Auteur ; Megan NORRIS, Auteur ; Christopher BARR, Auteur ; Stephen M. KANNE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1867-1879 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : assessment  autism spectrum disorder  autism symptoms  measurement  treatment outcome  Western Psychological Services for the Autism Impact Measure. Drs. Carlson,  Baker-Ericzén, Butter, and Norris declare that they have no conflicts of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism Impact Measure (AIM) was designed specifically for treatment-outcome assessment in children with ASD, focusing on treatment-relevant aspects of symptom presentation and efficient detection of short-term improvement. The AIM demonstrated strong reliability and validity in initial psychometric studies. The current study evaluated the AIM's sensitivity to change across well-established treatments. The sample included 471 children with ASD (ages 2-14) participating in one of six treatments. The AIM was administered at baseline and 6-week intervals and a battery of domain-specific concurrent measures was also administered. A longitudinal repeated measures design examined the degree to which: (a) AIM domain scores changed over time in response to treatment and (b) change in AIM domains was associated with change in measures of similar constructs. Results across growth curve models indicated that AIM domains are sensitive to change in symptoms across treatment. Across all models, symptoms decreased over time, with some deceleration in rate of improvement. For all AIM domains except Repetitive Behavior, symptoms improved as a function of treatment group. Correlations of change between AIM and other measures varied across domains (from 0.01-0.43 across measures). This was the first large-scale study to systematically evaluate sensitivity to change in a measure of core ASD symptoms. The results provide support for the AIM's ability to detect short-term improvement across symptom domains and indicate that AIM domains are sensitive to change overall and as a function of different treatment conditions. The brief repeated assessment window also highlights the AIM's utility for detecting improvements across short-term treatments. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1867-1879. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: Good measures are important for assessing outcomes in children with autism. However, there are few tools for tracking short-term changes in autism symptoms. This study tested a new measure, the Autism Impact Measure (AIM), in a large group of children with autism. The results showed that the AIM appears to be a valid and accurate tool for measuring autism symptoms. The AIM may be a helpful tool for researchers and clinicians interested in tracking short-term improvements in autism symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2397 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] The Autism Impact Measure (AIM): Examination of Sensitivity to Change [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Micah O MAZUREK, Auteur ; Coleen CARLSON, Auteur ; Mary BAKER-ERICZEN, Auteur ; Eric BUTTER, Auteur ; Megan NORRIS, Auteur ; Christopher BARR, Auteur ; Stephen M. KANNE, Auteur . - p.1867-1879. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1867-1879 Mots-clés : assessment  autism spectrum disorder  autism symptoms  measurement  treatment outcome  Western Psychological Services for the Autism Impact Measure. Drs. Carlson,  Baker-Ericzén, Butter, and Norris declare that they have no conflicts of interest. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Autism Impact Measure (AIM) was designed specifically for treatment-outcome assessment in children with ASD, focusing on treatment-relevant aspects of symptom presentation and efficient detection of short-term improvement. The AIM demonstrated strong reliability and validity in initial psychometric studies. The current study evaluated the AIM's sensitivity to change across well-established treatments. The sample included 471 children with ASD (ages 2-14) participating in one of six treatments. The AIM was administered at baseline and 6-week intervals and a battery of domain-specific concurrent measures was also administered. A longitudinal repeated measures design examined the degree to which: (a) AIM domain scores changed over time in response to treatment and (b) change in AIM domains was associated with change in measures of similar constructs. Results across growth curve models indicated that AIM domains are sensitive to change in symptoms across treatment. Across all models, symptoms decreased over time, with some deceleration in rate of improvement. For all AIM domains except Repetitive Behavior, symptoms improved as a function of treatment group. Correlations of change between AIM and other measures varied across domains (from 0.01-0.43 across measures). This was the first large-scale study to systematically evaluate sensitivity to change in a measure of core ASD symptoms. The results provide support for the AIM's ability to detect short-term improvement across symptom domains and indicate that AIM domains are sensitive to change overall and as a function of different treatment conditions. The brief repeated assessment window also highlights the AIM's utility for detecting improvements across short-term treatments. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1867-1879. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: Good measures are important for assessing outcomes in children with autism. However, there are few tools for tracking short-term changes in autism symptoms. This study tested a new measure, the Autism Impact Measure (AIM), in a large group of children with autism. The results showed that the AIM appears to be a valid and accurate tool for measuring autism symptoms. The AIM may be a helpful tool for researchers and clinicians interested in tracking short-term improvements in autism symptoms. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2397 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Exploring the Relationship between Prosodic Control and Social Competence in Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder / Nichole E. SCHEERER in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1880-1892 Titre : Exploring the Relationship between Prosodic Control and Social Competence in Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nichole E. SCHEERER, Auteur ; Jeffery A. JONES, Auteur ; Grace IAROCCI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1880-1892 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : auditory feedback  autism spectrum disorder  motor control  prosody  social competence  speech production  vocal pitch Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction. Speech is an important form of social communication. Prosody (e.g. vocal pitch, rhythm, etc.), one aspect of the speech signal, is crucial for ensuring information about the emotionality, excitability, and intent of the speaker, is accurately expressed. The objective of this study was to gain a better understanding of how auditory information is used to regulate speech prosody in autistic and non-autistic children, while exploring the relationship between the prosodic control of speech and social competence. Eighty autistic (M = 8.48 years, SD = 2.55) and non-autistic (M = 7.36 years, SD = 2.51) participants produced vocalizations while exposed to unaltered and frequency altered auditory feedback. The parent-report Multidimensional Social Competence Scale was used to assess social competence, while the Autism-Spectrum Quotient and the Autism Spectrum Rating Scales were used to assess autism characteristics. Results indicate that vocal response magnitudes and vocal variability were similar across autistic and non-autistic children. However, autistic children produced significantly faster responses to the auditory feedback manipulation. Hierarchical multiple regressions indicated that these faster responses were significantly associated with poorer parent-rated social competence and higher autism characteristics. These findings suggest that prosodic speech production differences are present in at least a subgroup of autistic children. These results represent a key step in understanding how atypicalities in the mechanisms supporting speech production may manifest in social-communication deficits, as well as broader social competence, and vice versa. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1880-1892. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: In this study, autistic and non-autistic children produced vowel sounds while listening to themselves through headphones. When the children heard their vocal pitch shifted upward or downward, they compensated by shifting their vocal pitch in the opposite direction. Interestingly, autistic children were faster to correct for the perceived vowel sound changes than their typically developing peers. Faster responses in the children with ASD were linked to poorer ratings of their social abilities by their parent. These results suggest that autistic and non-autistic children show differences in how quickly they control their speech, and these differences may be related to the social challenges experienced by autistic children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2405 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Exploring the Relationship between Prosodic Control and Social Competence in Children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nichole E. SCHEERER, Auteur ; Jeffery A. JONES, Auteur ; Grace IAROCCI, Auteur . - p.1880-1892. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1880-1892 Mots-clés : auditory feedback  autism spectrum disorder  motor control  prosody  social competence  speech production  vocal pitch Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction. Speech is an important form of social communication. Prosody (e.g. vocal pitch, rhythm, etc.), one aspect of the speech signal, is crucial for ensuring information about the emotionality, excitability, and intent of the speaker, is accurately expressed. The objective of this study was to gain a better understanding of how auditory information is used to regulate speech prosody in autistic and non-autistic children, while exploring the relationship between the prosodic control of speech and social competence. Eighty autistic (M = 8.48 years, SD = 2.55) and non-autistic (M = 7.36 years, SD = 2.51) participants produced vocalizations while exposed to unaltered and frequency altered auditory feedback. The parent-report Multidimensional Social Competence Scale was used to assess social competence, while the Autism-Spectrum Quotient and the Autism Spectrum Rating Scales were used to assess autism characteristics. Results indicate that vocal response magnitudes and vocal variability were similar across autistic and non-autistic children. However, autistic children produced significantly faster responses to the auditory feedback manipulation. Hierarchical multiple regressions indicated that these faster responses were significantly associated with poorer parent-rated social competence and higher autism characteristics. These findings suggest that prosodic speech production differences are present in at least a subgroup of autistic children. These results represent a key step in understanding how atypicalities in the mechanisms supporting speech production may manifest in social-communication deficits, as well as broader social competence, and vice versa. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1880-1892. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: In this study, autistic and non-autistic children produced vowel sounds while listening to themselves through headphones. When the children heard their vocal pitch shifted upward or downward, they compensated by shifting their vocal pitch in the opposite direction. Interestingly, autistic children were faster to correct for the perceived vowel sound changes than their typically developing peers. Faster responses in the children with ASD were linked to poorer ratings of their social abilities by their parent. These results suggest that autistic and non-autistic children show differences in how quickly they control their speech, and these differences may be related to the social challenges experienced by autistic children. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2405 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Age-Specific Time Trends in Incidence Rates of Autism Spectrum Disorder Following Adaptation of DSM-5 and Other ASD-Related Regulatory Changes in Israel / Michael DAVIDOVITCH in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1893-1901 Titre : Age-Specific Time Trends in Incidence Rates of Autism Spectrum Disorder Following Adaptation of DSM-5 and Other ASD-Related Regulatory Changes in Israel Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Michael DAVIDOVITCH, Auteur ; Ortal SLOBODIN, Auteur ; Marc G. WEISSKOPF, Auteur ; Ran S. ROTEM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1893-1901 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Dsm  age trends  autism spectrum disorder  incidence  late diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We analyzed data on 879,029 children born in 1999-2017 from a large Israeli health fund to evaluate time-trends in incidence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This included examining possible effects associated with the adaptation of the DSM-5 criteria for ASD, and the implementation of regulatory changes affecting eligibility for ASD-related stipends and services. ASD cases were ascertained based on electronic medical records review, with complete verification of ASD case status. Results indicated a substantial increase in ASD incidence rate (IR) over time that was overall not appreciably affected by the above changes. Cumulative incidence through age 8 rose from 0.46% (boys: 0.73; girls: 0.18) in 2007 to 1.30% (boys: 2.12; girls: 0.45) in 2018. Age-specific analyzes indicated that the largest increase in IR occurred in toddlers and preschool children, with a more modest increase at older age groups. Results suggest that the rise in early diagnosed ASD does not stem from a downward shift in the distribution of ages at first diagnosis, but rather from early detection of cases not previously diagnosed. Findings highlight the need to expand research aimed at identifying exogenous factors that may underlie the rise in incidence, and to evaluate factors that may contribute to late diagnosis of some cases. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1893-1901. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: In an analysis of nearly 900,000 Israeli children born in 1999-2017, we found that the incidence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) increased significantly over time, especially among toddlers and preschool children but also at older age groups. We additionally observed that changes affecting diagnostic criteria for ASD and eligibility for ASD-related services did not appreciably affect these trends. Results highlight the need to continue research aimed at identifying factors causing this increase and reasons contributing to late diagnosis of some cases. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2420 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Age-Specific Time Trends in Incidence Rates of Autism Spectrum Disorder Following Adaptation of DSM-5 and Other ASD-Related Regulatory Changes in Israel [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Michael DAVIDOVITCH, Auteur ; Ortal SLOBODIN, Auteur ; Marc G. WEISSKOPF, Auteur ; Ran S. ROTEM, Auteur . - p.1893-1901. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1893-1901 Mots-clés : Dsm  age trends  autism spectrum disorder  incidence  late diagnosis Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : We analyzed data on 879,029 children born in 1999-2017 from a large Israeli health fund to evaluate time-trends in incidence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This included examining possible effects associated with the adaptation of the DSM-5 criteria for ASD, and the implementation of regulatory changes affecting eligibility for ASD-related stipends and services. ASD cases were ascertained based on electronic medical records review, with complete verification of ASD case status. Results indicated a substantial increase in ASD incidence rate (IR) over time that was overall not appreciably affected by the above changes. Cumulative incidence through age 8 rose from 0.46% (boys: 0.73; girls: 0.18) in 2007 to 1.30% (boys: 2.12; girls: 0.45) in 2018. Age-specific analyzes indicated that the largest increase in IR occurred in toddlers and preschool children, with a more modest increase at older age groups. Results suggest that the rise in early diagnosed ASD does not stem from a downward shift in the distribution of ages at first diagnosis, but rather from early detection of cases not previously diagnosed. Findings highlight the need to expand research aimed at identifying exogenous factors that may underlie the rise in incidence, and to evaluate factors that may contribute to late diagnosis of some cases. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1893-1901. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: In an analysis of nearly 900,000 Israeli children born in 1999-2017, we found that the incidence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) increased significantly over time, especially among toddlers and preschool children but also at older age groups. We additionally observed that changes affecting diagnostic criteria for ASD and eligibility for ASD-related services did not appreciably affect these trends. Results highlight the need to continue research aimed at identifying factors causing this increase and reasons contributing to late diagnosis of some cases. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2420 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Interaction of Treatment Intensity and Autism Severity on Frequency and Maturity of Spontaneous Communication in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Paul J. YODER in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1902-1912 Titre : Interaction of Treatment Intensity and Autism Severity on Frequency and Maturity of Spontaneous Communication in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Paul J. YODER, Auteur ; Sally ROGERS, Auteur ; Annette ESTES, Auteur ; Zachary WARREN, Auteur ; Jeff MUNSON, Auteur ; Gerhard HELLEMANN, Auteur ; John MCEACHIN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1902-1912 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  developmental delay  severity of autism  treatment intensity  treatment style Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study tested whether the effect of treatment intensity or treatment style on children's frequency and maturity of spontaneous communication varied by initial severity of disability. Eighty-seven toddlers with autism spectrum disorders were randomly assigned to either (a) 15?hrs per week of discrete trial teaching (DTT), (b) 25?hrs per week of DTT, (c) 15?hrs per week of a naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention (NDBI), or (d) 25?hrs per week of NDBI. Trained research staff implemented the 1:1 treatments in homes or educational centers over 12?months. We quantified the frequency and maturity of spontaneous communication during monthly 6-min communication samples. We quantified disability severity at Time 1 using the developmental quotient from the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and the total calibrated severity score from the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-second edition. Higher levels of treatment intensity (i.e., more hours per week) benefited frequency and maturity of spontaneous communication growth rate only in children with relatively mild autism symptoms. Other results were nonsignificant. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1902-1912. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: Eighty-seven toddlers with autism spectrum disorders were randomly assigned to 15?hrs per week of discrete trial teaching (DTT), 25?hrs per week of DTT, 15?hrs per week of a naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention (NDBI), or 25?hrs per week of NDBI. Trained research staff implemented the treatments in homes or educational centers over 12?months. More hours of treatment per week benefited frequency and maturity of spontaneous communication growth rate only in children with relatively mild autism symptoms. Other results were nonsignificant. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2416 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Interaction of Treatment Intensity and Autism Severity on Frequency and Maturity of Spontaneous Communication in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Paul J. YODER, Auteur ; Sally ROGERS, Auteur ; Annette ESTES, Auteur ; Zachary WARREN, Auteur ; Jeff MUNSON, Auteur ; Gerhard HELLEMANN, Auteur ; John MCEACHIN, Auteur . - p.1902-1912. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1902-1912 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  developmental delay  severity of autism  treatment intensity  treatment style Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study tested whether the effect of treatment intensity or treatment style on children's frequency and maturity of spontaneous communication varied by initial severity of disability. Eighty-seven toddlers with autism spectrum disorders were randomly assigned to either (a) 15?hrs per week of discrete trial teaching (DTT), (b) 25?hrs per week of DTT, (c) 15?hrs per week of a naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention (NDBI), or (d) 25?hrs per week of NDBI. Trained research staff implemented the 1:1 treatments in homes or educational centers over 12?months. We quantified the frequency and maturity of spontaneous communication during monthly 6-min communication samples. We quantified disability severity at Time 1 using the developmental quotient from the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and the total calibrated severity score from the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-second edition. Higher levels of treatment intensity (i.e., more hours per week) benefited frequency and maturity of spontaneous communication growth rate only in children with relatively mild autism symptoms. Other results were nonsignificant. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1902-1912. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: Eighty-seven toddlers with autism spectrum disorders were randomly assigned to 15?hrs per week of discrete trial teaching (DTT), 25?hrs per week of DTT, 15?hrs per week of a naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention (NDBI), or 25?hrs per week of NDBI. Trained research staff implemented the treatments in homes or educational centers over 12?months. More hours of treatment per week benefited frequency and maturity of spontaneous communication growth rate only in children with relatively mild autism symptoms. Other results were nonsignificant. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2416 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Introduction to the Special Collection on "Memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder" / Melanie RING in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1913-1914 Titre : Introduction to the Special Collection on "Memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder" Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melanie RING, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1913-1914 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2426 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Introduction to the Special Collection on "Memory in Autism Spectrum Disorder" [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melanie RING, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur . - p.1913-1914. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1913-1914 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2426 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Reward Devaluation in Autistic Children and Adolescents with Complex Needs: A Feasibility Study / Anna LAMBRECHTS in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1915-1928 Titre : Reward Devaluation in Autistic Children and Adolescents with Complex Needs: A Feasibility Study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anna LAMBRECHTS, Auteur ; Jennifer L. COOK, Auteur ; Elliot A. LUDVIG, Auteur ; Eduardo ALONSO, Auteur ; Sophie ANNS, Auteur ; Maddison TAYLOR, Auteur ; Sebastian B GAIGG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1915-1928 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  complex needs  devaluation  intellectual disability  reward processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Rewards act as a motivator for positive behavior and learning. Although compounding evidence indicates that reward processing operates differently in autistic individuals who do not have co-occurring learning disabilities, little is known about individuals who have such difficulties or other complex needs. This study aimed first to assess the feasibility of using an adapted reward devaluation paradigm to examine basic reward processes in this underrepresented population, and second to investigate whether autistic children and adolescents with complex needs would show dynamic behavioral changes in response to changes in the motivational value of a reward. Twenty-seven autistic children and adolescents with complex needs and 20 typically developing 5-year-old children took part in the study. Participants were presented with two visual cues on a touchscreen laptop, which triggered the delivery of a video, music, or physical reward. One of the rewards was then presented in abundance to decrease its motivational value. Participants showed decreased interest in the video and music rewards after devaluation. The experimental setup was found to be suitable to test individuals with complex needs, although recommendations are made for the use of physical rewards. The results suggest that autistic participants with complex needs demonstrate goal-directed behavior and that it is feasible to develop experimental paradigms that can shed important light on learning processes that are fundamental to many education and intervention strategies for this population. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1915-1928. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC. LAY SUMMARY: We adapted an experimental task to conduct research with autistic children and adolescents with complex needs, who remain grossly underrepresented in autism research. We found that once a reward was presented in great quantity, participants were less motivated to obtain it, showing that they adapted their behavior to changes in the value of that reward. This is an important finding to help promote learning and design better interventions for this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2388 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Reward Devaluation in Autistic Children and Adolescents with Complex Needs: A Feasibility Study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anna LAMBRECHTS, Auteur ; Jennifer L. COOK, Auteur ; Elliot A. LUDVIG, Auteur ; Eduardo ALONSO, Auteur ; Sophie ANNS, Auteur ; Maddison TAYLOR, Auteur ; Sebastian B GAIGG, Auteur . - p.1915-1928. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1915-1928 Mots-clés : autism  complex needs  devaluation  intellectual disability  reward processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Rewards act as a motivator for positive behavior and learning. Although compounding evidence indicates that reward processing operates differently in autistic individuals who do not have co-occurring learning disabilities, little is known about individuals who have such difficulties or other complex needs. This study aimed first to assess the feasibility of using an adapted reward devaluation paradigm to examine basic reward processes in this underrepresented population, and second to investigate whether autistic children and adolescents with complex needs would show dynamic behavioral changes in response to changes in the motivational value of a reward. Twenty-seven autistic children and adolescents with complex needs and 20 typically developing 5-year-old children took part in the study. Participants were presented with two visual cues on a touchscreen laptop, which triggered the delivery of a video, music, or physical reward. One of the rewards was then presented in abundance to decrease its motivational value. Participants showed decreased interest in the video and music rewards after devaluation. The experimental setup was found to be suitable to test individuals with complex needs, although recommendations are made for the use of physical rewards. The results suggest that autistic participants with complex needs demonstrate goal-directed behavior and that it is feasible to develop experimental paradigms that can shed important light on learning processes that are fundamental to many education and intervention strategies for this population. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1915-1928. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC. LAY SUMMARY: We adapted an experimental task to conduct research with autistic children and adolescents with complex needs, who remain grossly underrepresented in autism research. We found that once a reward was presented in great quantity, participants were less motivated to obtain it, showing that they adapted their behavior to changes in the value of that reward. This is an important finding to help promote learning and design better interventions for this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2388 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Eye-Tracking Reveals Absent Repetition Learning Across the Autism Spectrum: Evidence From a Passive Viewing Task / Sebastian B GAIGG in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1929-1946 Titre : Eye-Tracking Reveals Absent Repetition Learning Across the Autism Spectrum: Evidence From a Passive Viewing Task Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sebastian B GAIGG, Auteur ; Marie K. KRUG, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; Amanda ROESTORF, Auteur ; Claire DERWENT, Auteur ; Sophie ANNS, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Susan RIVERA, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1929-1946 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : eye movement  language impairment  learning  learning disabilities  memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In the domain of memory, autism is characterized by difficulties in explicitly remembering the specific order of stimuli, whereas implicit serial order memory appears to be preserved. This pattern is of considerable interest because serial order memory is known to play a critical role in children's language development. Currently, however, few paradigms exist that can effectively probe serial order memory across heterogeneous groups of children, including those who are minimally verbal. We present two experiments, involving 39 adults (20 ASD; 19 TD) and 130 children (86 ASD; 44 TD), that address this issue using an eye-tracking paradigm, which simply required participants to "watch out for a bunny" that appeared in repeating sequences of screen locations. The adults in Experiment 1 all had normative IQs, whereas Experiment 2 included children with and without substantial language and intellectual difficulties. In both experiments gaze latencies and anticipatory fixations to the bunny indicated reliable repetition learning effects in the TD but not the ASD groups. Importantly, we were able to acquire reliable data from around half of the children with significant language impairments in Experiment 2, indicating that the paradigm can shed light on important learning processes in this underrepresented group. We discuss the implications of these findings for theories of memory in ASD as well as for the utility of eye-tracking technology to probe repetition learning effects in autism. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1929-1946. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC. LAY SUMMARY: Remembering the specific order of stimuli plays an important role in language development and is thought to be a source of difficulty for autistic individuals. Research in this area, however, rarely includes autistic participants who are minimally verbal. Here we develop an eye-tracking paradigm that demonstrates serial order learning difficulties across the autism spectrum. We discuss the implications of these findings for our understanding of the role of memory difficulties in the varied language profiles across the autism spectrum. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2368 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Eye-Tracking Reveals Absent Repetition Learning Across the Autism Spectrum: Evidence From a Passive Viewing Task [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sebastian B GAIGG, Auteur ; Marie K. KRUG, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; Amanda ROESTORF, Auteur ; Claire DERWENT, Auteur ; Sophie ANNS, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Susan RIVERA, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; Emily J. H. JONES, Auteur . - p.1929-1946. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1929-1946 Mots-clés : eye movement  language impairment  learning  learning disabilities  memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In the domain of memory, autism is characterized by difficulties in explicitly remembering the specific order of stimuli, whereas implicit serial order memory appears to be preserved. This pattern is of considerable interest because serial order memory is known to play a critical role in children's language development. Currently, however, few paradigms exist that can effectively probe serial order memory across heterogeneous groups of children, including those who are minimally verbal. We present two experiments, involving 39 adults (20 ASD; 19 TD) and 130 children (86 ASD; 44 TD), that address this issue using an eye-tracking paradigm, which simply required participants to "watch out for a bunny" that appeared in repeating sequences of screen locations. The adults in Experiment 1 all had normative IQs, whereas Experiment 2 included children with and without substantial language and intellectual difficulties. In both experiments gaze latencies and anticipatory fixations to the bunny indicated reliable repetition learning effects in the TD but not the ASD groups. Importantly, we were able to acquire reliable data from around half of the children with significant language impairments in Experiment 2, indicating that the paradigm can shed light on important learning processes in this underrepresented group. We discuss the implications of these findings for theories of memory in ASD as well as for the utility of eye-tracking technology to probe repetition learning effects in autism. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1929-1946. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC. LAY SUMMARY: Remembering the specific order of stimuli plays an important role in language development and is thought to be a source of difficulty for autistic individuals. Research in this area, however, rarely includes autistic participants who are minimally verbal. Here we develop an eye-tracking paradigm that demonstrates serial order learning difficulties across the autism spectrum. We discuss the implications of these findings for our understanding of the role of memory difficulties in the varied language profiles across the autism spectrum. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2368 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Declarative Memory and Structural Language Impairment in Autistic Children and Adolescents / Sophie ANNS in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1947-1958 Titre : Declarative Memory and Structural Language Impairment in Autistic Children and Adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Sophie ANNS, Auteur ; Sebastian B GAIGG, Auteur ; James A. HAMPTON, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Jill BOUCHER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1947-1958 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  familiarity  language impairment  memory  recollection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Two experiments tested the hypothesis that a plausible contributory factor of structural language impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is impaired declarative memory. We hypothesized that familiarity and recollection (subserving semantic and episodic memory, respectively) are both impaired in autistic individuals with clinically significant language impairment and learning disability (ASD(LI/LD) ); whereas recollection is selectively impaired in autistic individuals with typical language (ASD(TL) ). Teenagers with ASD(LI/LD) (n = 19) and primary school age children with ASD(TL) (n = 26) were compared with teenagers with learning disability (LD) (n = 26) without autism, and primary school aged typically developing (TD) children (n = 32). Both experiments provided strong support for the hypothesized links between declarative memory processes and lexical-semantic facets of language in the two autistic groups, but not in the TD group. Additional findings of interest were that declarative memory processes and lexical-semantic knowledge were also linked in the LD group and that the ASD groups-and to a lesser extent the LD group-may have compensated for declarative memory impairments using spared visual-perceptual abilities, a finding with potential educational implications. Relative difficulties with familiarity and recollection in ASD(LI/LD) and LD may help explain structural language impairment, as investigated here, but also the broader learning disabilities found in these populations. Autism Res 2020. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1947-1958. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Language impairment and learning disability affect 45% of the autistic population yet the factors that may be contributing to them is remarkably under-researched. To date there are no explanations of the lexical semantic (word meaning) abnormalities observed in ASD. We found that declarative memory is associated with lexical semantic knowledge in autism and learning disability but not in typical development. Difficulties with declarative memory may also be compensated for using visual-perceptual abilities by autistic and learning-disabled adolescents, which has positive implications for educationalists. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2282 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Declarative Memory and Structural Language Impairment in Autistic Children and Adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Sophie ANNS, Auteur ; Sebastian B GAIGG, Auteur ; James A. HAMPTON, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Jill BOUCHER, Auteur . - p.1947-1958. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1947-1958 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  familiarity  language impairment  memory  recollection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Two experiments tested the hypothesis that a plausible contributory factor of structural language impairment in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is impaired declarative memory. We hypothesized that familiarity and recollection (subserving semantic and episodic memory, respectively) are both impaired in autistic individuals with clinically significant language impairment and learning disability (ASD(LI/LD) ); whereas recollection is selectively impaired in autistic individuals with typical language (ASD(TL) ). Teenagers with ASD(LI/LD) (n = 19) and primary school age children with ASD(TL) (n = 26) were compared with teenagers with learning disability (LD) (n = 26) without autism, and primary school aged typically developing (TD) children (n = 32). Both experiments provided strong support for the hypothesized links between declarative memory processes and lexical-semantic facets of language in the two autistic groups, but not in the TD group. Additional findings of interest were that declarative memory processes and lexical-semantic knowledge were also linked in the LD group and that the ASD groups-and to a lesser extent the LD group-may have compensated for declarative memory impairments using spared visual-perceptual abilities, a finding with potential educational implications. Relative difficulties with familiarity and recollection in ASD(LI/LD) and LD may help explain structural language impairment, as investigated here, but also the broader learning disabilities found in these populations. Autism Res 2020. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1947-1958. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Language impairment and learning disability affect 45% of the autistic population yet the factors that may be contributing to them is remarkably under-researched. To date there are no explanations of the lexical semantic (word meaning) abnormalities observed in ASD. We found that declarative memory is associated with lexical semantic knowledge in autism and learning disability but not in typical development. Difficulties with declarative memory may also be compensated for using visual-perceptual abilities by autistic and learning-disabled adolescents, which has positive implications for educationalists. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2282 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Linking the Puzzle Pieces of the Past: A Study of Relational Memory in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Rasmine L. H. MOGENSEN in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1959-1969 Titre : Linking the Puzzle Pieces of the Past: A Study of Relational Memory in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rasmine L. H. MOGENSEN, Auteur ; Maja B. HEDEGAARD, Auteur ; Ludvig R. OLSEN, Auteur ; Line GEBAUER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1959-1969 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  executive functions  memory  memory binding  perceptual style  relational memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Our memories are made of detailed sensory information representing the puzzle pieces of our personal past. The type of memory integrating sensory features is referred to as relational memory. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether relational memory is affected in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) since altered relational memory may contribute to atypical episodic memory observed in ASD. We also examined the association between perceptual style and relational memory abilities. Children with ASD (n = 14) and typically developed (TD) children (n = 16, 9-15?years old) completed a memory task with three conditions: two single-feature conditions measuring memory for objects and locations, and one relational memory condition measuring memory for objects and their locations combined. The Children's embedded figures test was administered to measure perceptual style. The ASD group selected more incorrect stimuli (false alarms) than the TD group, resulting in a lower proportion of correctly recognized targets across all memory conditions. The ASD group did not display a more local perceptual style than the TD group. However, perceptual style was associated with improved memory abilities across conditions. Our findings indicate that the overall memory performance of children with ASD is less stable, leading them to more incorrect responses than TD children. This may be due to the executive demands of the memory tasks, rather than specific impairments in memory binding. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1959-1969. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: The present study shows that children with autism have a less stable memory than typically developed children, which is reflected in a higher amount of incorrect memory responses. Overall, our results indicate that children with autism display difficulties in differentiating previously studied from novel information when solving both single-feature memory tasks and a relational memory task (requiring memory of combination of features). These difficulties may have implications for how children with autism remember episodes from their personal past. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2379 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Linking the Puzzle Pieces of the Past: A Study of Relational Memory in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rasmine L. H. MOGENSEN, Auteur ; Maja B. HEDEGAARD, Auteur ; Ludvig R. OLSEN, Auteur ; Line GEBAUER, Auteur . - p.1959-1969. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1959-1969 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  executive functions  memory  memory binding  perceptual style  relational memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Our memories are made of detailed sensory information representing the puzzle pieces of our personal past. The type of memory integrating sensory features is referred to as relational memory. The main objective of this study was to investigate whether relational memory is affected in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) since altered relational memory may contribute to atypical episodic memory observed in ASD. We also examined the association between perceptual style and relational memory abilities. Children with ASD (n = 14) and typically developed (TD) children (n = 16, 9-15?years old) completed a memory task with three conditions: two single-feature conditions measuring memory for objects and locations, and one relational memory condition measuring memory for objects and their locations combined. The Children's embedded figures test was administered to measure perceptual style. The ASD group selected more incorrect stimuli (false alarms) than the TD group, resulting in a lower proportion of correctly recognized targets across all memory conditions. The ASD group did not display a more local perceptual style than the TD group. However, perceptual style was associated with improved memory abilities across conditions. Our findings indicate that the overall memory performance of children with ASD is less stable, leading them to more incorrect responses than TD children. This may be due to the executive demands of the memory tasks, rather than specific impairments in memory binding. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1959-1969. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: The present study shows that children with autism have a less stable memory than typically developed children, which is reflected in a higher amount of incorrect memory responses. Overall, our results indicate that children with autism display difficulties in differentiating previously studied from novel information when solving both single-feature memory tasks and a relational memory task (requiring memory of combination of features). These difficulties may have implications for how children with autism remember episodes from their personal past. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2379 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Short-Term Memory Span and Cross-Modality Integration in Younger and Older Adults With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder / Melanie RING in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1970-1984 Titre : Short-Term Memory Span and Cross-Modality Integration in Younger and Older Adults With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Melanie RING, Auteur ; Bérengère GUILLERY-GIRARD, Auteur ; Peggy QUINETTE, Auteur ; Sebastian B GAIGG, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1970-1984 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  binding  integration  short-term memory  span Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study tested whether adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show the same pattern of difficulties and absence of age-related differences in short-term memory (STM) as those that have been reported in episodic long-term memory (LTM). Fifty-three adults with ASD (age range: 25-65?years) were compared to 52 age-, biological sex-, and intelligence-matched typically developing (TD; age range: 21-67?years) adults on three STM span tasks, which tested STM performance for letters (Verbal), grid locations (Visuospatial), or letters in grid locations (Multimodal). A subsample of 34 TD and 33 ASD participants ranging in age from 25 to 64?years completed a fourth Multimodal Integration task. We also administered the Color Trails Test as a measure of executive function. ASD participants' accuracy was lower than that of the TD participants on the three span tasks (Cohen's d: 0.26-0.50). The Integration task difference was marginally significant (p = .07) but had a moderate effect size (Cohen's d = 0.50). Regression analyses confirmed reduced STM performance only for older TD participants. Analyses also indicated that executive processes played a greater role in the ASD group's performance. The demonstration of similar difficulties and age-related patterning of STM in ASD to those documented for LTM and the greater recruitment of executive processes by older ASD participants on the Integration task suggest a compensatory role of frontal processes both as a means of achieving undiminished task performance and as a possible protection against older age cognitive decline in ASD. Longitudinal research is needed to confirm this. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1970-1984. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC. LAY SUMMARY: Little is known about short-term memory (STM) in younger and older adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study tested different kinds of STM and showed that ASD adults remembered shorter sequences of letters, crosses, or letters in grid cells less well than matched participants with typical development. However, older ASD individuals performed similarly to younger ASD individuals, nor showing the reduction in performance usually seen with older age. The data suggest that ASD individuals use different underlying mechanisms when performing the tasks and that this might help protect their memory as they grow older. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2387 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Short-Term Memory Span and Cross-Modality Integration in Younger and Older Adults With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Melanie RING, Auteur ; Bérengère GUILLERY-GIRARD, Auteur ; Peggy QUINETTE, Auteur ; Sebastian B GAIGG, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur . - p.1970-1984. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1970-1984 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  binding  integration  short-term memory  span Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study tested whether adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show the same pattern of difficulties and absence of age-related differences in short-term memory (STM) as those that have been reported in episodic long-term memory (LTM). Fifty-three adults with ASD (age range: 25-65?years) were compared to 52 age-, biological sex-, and intelligence-matched typically developing (TD; age range: 21-67?years) adults on three STM span tasks, which tested STM performance for letters (Verbal), grid locations (Visuospatial), or letters in grid locations (Multimodal). A subsample of 34 TD and 33 ASD participants ranging in age from 25 to 64?years completed a fourth Multimodal Integration task. We also administered the Color Trails Test as a measure of executive function. ASD participants' accuracy was lower than that of the TD participants on the three span tasks (Cohen's d: 0.26-0.50). The Integration task difference was marginally significant (p = .07) but had a moderate effect size (Cohen's d = 0.50). Regression analyses confirmed reduced STM performance only for older TD participants. Analyses also indicated that executive processes played a greater role in the ASD group's performance. The demonstration of similar difficulties and age-related patterning of STM in ASD to those documented for LTM and the greater recruitment of executive processes by older ASD participants on the Integration task suggest a compensatory role of frontal processes both as a means of achieving undiminished task performance and as a possible protection against older age cognitive decline in ASD. Longitudinal research is needed to confirm this. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1970-1984. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC. LAY SUMMARY: Little is known about short-term memory (STM) in younger and older adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study tested different kinds of STM and showed that ASD adults remembered shorter sequences of letters, crosses, or letters in grid cells less well than matched participants with typical development. However, older ASD individuals performed similarly to younger ASD individuals, nor showing the reduction in performance usually seen with older age. The data suggest that ASD individuals use different underlying mechanisms when performing the tasks and that this might help protect their memory as they grow older. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2387 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Children with ASD Show Impaired Item-Space Recollection, But Preserved Item-Color Recollection / Lindsey N. MOONEY in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1985-1997 Titre : Children with ASD Show Impaired Item-Space Recollection, But Preserved Item-Color Recollection Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lindsey N. MOONEY, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; Simona GHETTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1985-1997 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asd  episodic memory  global processing  middle childhood  signal detection theory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been often shown to display similar memory performance on semantic memory tasks compared to typically developing (TD) children, there is ongoing debate about whether and how their ability to remember specific past events (i.e., episodic memory) is impaired. We assessed a sample of 62 children with ASD and 72 TD children, ranging in age between 8 and 12?years on 2 memory tasks. Participants encoded a series of images and their association with either where they appeared on the screen (item-space association task) or with the color of an image's border (item-color association task). Children with ASD showed worse memory in the item-space association task compared to their TD peers, but comparable memory for the item-color association task. These differences persisted when age, intellectual quotient, and general item recognition memory were accounted for statistically. We interpret these results in light of evidence for specific deficits along the dorsal stream affecting processing of spatiotemporal information in ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1985-1997. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: Episodic memory requires the ability to bind contextual details (such as color, location, etc.) to an item or event in order to remember the past with specific detail. Here, we compared children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) children on tasks examining episodic memory. Children with ASD recalled more poorly previously seen items and their associated space-related details, but they performed comparably to TD children on color details. We discuss the possible mechanisms that contribute to worse spatial processing/recall in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2394 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Children with ASD Show Impaired Item-Space Recollection, But Preserved Item-Color Recollection [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lindsey N. MOONEY, Auteur ; Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; Marjorie SOLOMON, Auteur ; Simona GHETTI, Auteur . - p.1985-1997. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1985-1997 Mots-clés : Asd  episodic memory  global processing  middle childhood  signal detection theory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Although individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been often shown to display similar memory performance on semantic memory tasks compared to typically developing (TD) children, there is ongoing debate about whether and how their ability to remember specific past events (i.e., episodic memory) is impaired. We assessed a sample of 62 children with ASD and 72 TD children, ranging in age between 8 and 12?years on 2 memory tasks. Participants encoded a series of images and their association with either where they appeared on the screen (item-space association task) or with the color of an image's border (item-color association task). Children with ASD showed worse memory in the item-space association task compared to their TD peers, but comparable memory for the item-color association task. These differences persisted when age, intellectual quotient, and general item recognition memory were accounted for statistically. We interpret these results in light of evidence for specific deficits along the dorsal stream affecting processing of spatiotemporal information in ASD. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1985-1997. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: Episodic memory requires the ability to bind contextual details (such as color, location, etc.) to an item or event in order to remember the past with specific detail. Here, we compared children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing (TD) children on tasks examining episodic memory. Children with ASD recalled more poorly previously seen items and their associated space-related details, but they performed comparably to TD children on color details. We discuss the possible mechanisms that contribute to worse spatial processing/recall in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2394 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Exploring the Event-Related Potentials' Time Course of Associative Recognition in Autism / Pierre DESAUNAY in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1998-2016 Titre : Exploring the Event-Related Potentials' Time Course of Associative Recognition in Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Pierre DESAUNAY, Auteur ; Patrice CLOCHON, Auteur ; Franck DOIDY, Auteur ; Anna LAMBRECHTS, Auteur ; Prany WANTZEN, Auteur ; Fabrice WALLOIS, Auteur ; Mahdi MAHMOUDZADEH, Auteur ; Jean-Marc GUILE, Auteur ; Fabian GUENOLE, Auteur ; Jean-Marc BALEYTE, Auteur ; Francis EUSTACHE, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Bérengère GUILLERY-GIRARD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1998-2016 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Eeg  associative memory  autism  episodic memory  event-related potentials  late positive component  recollection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Behavioral data on episodic recollection in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) point limited relational memory functioning. However, the involvement of successive memory processes in the profile of episodic memory in ASD needs more study. Here, we used event-related potentials (ERP) to investigate the time course of episodic recollection with an associative recognition paradigm with picture pairs. Twenty-two participants with ASD and 32 with typical development (TD), all right-handed, were included. Behavioral results confirmed difficulties in correctly recognizing identical pairs in the ASD relative to TD group. We found an unexpected amplitude decrement on the P2 (220-270?msec) and FN400 (350-470?msec) potentials, suggesting diminished priming and familiarity effects in the ASD relative to TD group. However, ERP data revealed that the recognition of associative information relies on the same electrophysiological process (old/new effect in the 600-700-msec late positive component) in ASD participants as in TD ones, with a parietal extension in the ASD group. These results suggest that the electrophysiological processes of associative recognition are qualitatively similar in individuals with and without ASD but may differ quantitatively. This difference may be driven by the reduced early processing of picture pairs that may in turn lead to their diminished integration into the semantic memory system, being partially compensated by a greater involvement of associative memory during the recollection process. Other studies would be useful to go further in identifying these cognitive processes involved in atypical recognition in ASD and their neural substrates. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1998-2016. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: We identified diminished performance on the associative recognition of picture pairs in adolescents and young adults with autism when compared to typical development. Electrophysiological data revealed qualitative similarities but quantitative differences between-group, with diminished priming and familiarity processes partially compensated by an enhanced parietal recollection process. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2384 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Exploring the Event-Related Potentials' Time Course of Associative Recognition in Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Pierre DESAUNAY, Auteur ; Patrice CLOCHON, Auteur ; Franck DOIDY, Auteur ; Anna LAMBRECHTS, Auteur ; Prany WANTZEN, Auteur ; Fabrice WALLOIS, Auteur ; Mahdi MAHMOUDZADEH, Auteur ; Jean-Marc GUILE, Auteur ; Fabian GUENOLE, Auteur ; Jean-Marc BALEYTE, Auteur ; Francis EUSTACHE, Auteur ; Dermot M. BOWLER, Auteur ; Bérengère GUILLERY-GIRARD, Auteur . - p.1998-2016. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.1998-2016 Mots-clés : Eeg  associative memory  autism  episodic memory  event-related potentials  late positive component  recollection Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Behavioral data on episodic recollection in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) point limited relational memory functioning. However, the involvement of successive memory processes in the profile of episodic memory in ASD needs more study. Here, we used event-related potentials (ERP) to investigate the time course of episodic recollection with an associative recognition paradigm with picture pairs. Twenty-two participants with ASD and 32 with typical development (TD), all right-handed, were included. Behavioral results confirmed difficulties in correctly recognizing identical pairs in the ASD relative to TD group. We found an unexpected amplitude decrement on the P2 (220-270?msec) and FN400 (350-470?msec) potentials, suggesting diminished priming and familiarity effects in the ASD relative to TD group. However, ERP data revealed that the recognition of associative information relies on the same electrophysiological process (old/new effect in the 600-700-msec late positive component) in ASD participants as in TD ones, with a parietal extension in the ASD group. These results suggest that the electrophysiological processes of associative recognition are qualitatively similar in individuals with and without ASD but may differ quantitatively. This difference may be driven by the reduced early processing of picture pairs that may in turn lead to their diminished integration into the semantic memory system, being partially compensated by a greater involvement of associative memory during the recollection process. Other studies would be useful to go further in identifying these cognitive processes involved in atypical recognition in ASD and their neural substrates. Autism Res 2020, 13: 1998-2016. © 2020 International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC LAY SUMMARY: We identified diminished performance on the associative recognition of picture pairs in adolescents and young adults with autism when compared to typical development. Electrophysiological data revealed qualitative similarities but quantitative differences between-group, with diminished priming and familiarity processes partially compensated by an enhanced parietal recollection process. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2384 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433

Metacognitive Monitoring and Control of Eyewitness Memory Reports in Autism / Katie MARAS in Autism Research, 13-11 (November 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.2017-2029 Titre : Metacognitive Monitoring and Control of Eyewitness Memory Reports in Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Katie MARAS, Auteur ; Jade Eloise NORRIS, Auteur ; Neil BREWER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2017-2029 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  grain size  interviewing  memory  metacognition  monitoring  support  witness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Providing eyewitness testimony involves monitoring one's memory to provide a detailed and accurate account: reporting details likely to be accurate and withholding potentially inaccurate details. Autistic individuals reportedly experience difficulties in both retrieving episodic memories and monitoring their accuracy, which has important implications for eyewitness testimony. Thirty autistic and 33 IQ-matched typically developing (TD) participants viewed a video of a mock bank robbery followed by three phases of questions (with judgments of confidence). In Phase 1, participants freely generated the granularity of their responses (i.e., fine- or coarse-grained). In Phase 2, participants answered the same questions but provided both a fine- and a coarse-grained answer. In Phase 3, participants were instructed to maximize accuracy over informativeness by selecting one of their Phase 2 answers as their final answer. They either received the questions socially (from the experimenter) or answered them online. There were no group differences in accuracy or metacognitive monitoring, with both autistic and TD witnesses demonstrating: (a) a strong preference for reporting fine-grained details at the expense of accuracy; (b) improved though still suboptimal grain size reporting when instructed to maximize accuracy over informativeness; (c) effective accuracy monitoring; and (d) higher overall accuracy when questions were delivered socially. There was, however, a subtle difference in metacognitive control, with autistic witnesses performing more poorly than TD witnesses when questions were delivered socially, but not when they were delivered online. These findings contrast with evidence suggesting that autism is marked by impairments in episodic memory and metacognitive monitoring and control. Autism Res 2020, 13: 2017-2029. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic people have been reported to experience subtle difficulties in monitoring and regulating their information reporting, which has important implications for providing eyewitness testimony. We found that autistic witnesses' testimony comprised a similar level of detail and accuracy as non-autistic witnesses' accounts. However, autistic people found it difficult to optimize their testimony when the questions were delivered socially-but not when they answered the questions online. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2278 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433 [article] Metacognitive Monitoring and Control of Eyewitness Memory Reports in Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Katie MARAS, Auteur ; Jade Eloise NORRIS, Auteur ; Neil BREWER, Auteur . - p.2017-2029. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-11 (November 2020) . - p.2017-2029 Mots-clés : autism  grain size  interviewing  memory  metacognition  monitoring  support  witness Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Providing eyewitness testimony involves monitoring one's memory to provide a detailed and accurate account: reporting details likely to be accurate and withholding potentially inaccurate details. Autistic individuals reportedly experience difficulties in both retrieving episodic memories and monitoring their accuracy, which has important implications for eyewitness testimony. Thirty autistic and 33 IQ-matched typically developing (TD) participants viewed a video of a mock bank robbery followed by three phases of questions (with judgments of confidence). In Phase 1, participants freely generated the granularity of their responses (i.e., fine- or coarse-grained). In Phase 2, participants answered the same questions but provided both a fine- and a coarse-grained answer. In Phase 3, participants were instructed to maximize accuracy over informativeness by selecting one of their Phase 2 answers as their final answer. They either received the questions socially (from the experimenter) or answered them online. There were no group differences in accuracy or metacognitive monitoring, with both autistic and TD witnesses demonstrating: (a) a strong preference for reporting fine-grained details at the expense of accuracy; (b) improved though still suboptimal grain size reporting when instructed to maximize accuracy over informativeness; (c) effective accuracy monitoring; and (d) higher overall accuracy when questions were delivered socially. There was, however, a subtle difference in metacognitive control, with autistic witnesses performing more poorly than TD witnesses when questions were delivered socially, but not when they were delivered online. These findings contrast with evidence suggesting that autism is marked by impairments in episodic memory and metacognitive monitoring and control. Autism Res 2020, 13: 2017-2029. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Autistic people have been reported to experience subtle difficulties in monitoring and regulating their information reporting, which has important implications for providing eyewitness testimony. We found that autistic witnesses' testimony comprised a similar level of detail and accuracy as non-autistic witnesses' accounts. However, autistic people found it difficult to optimize their testimony when the questions were delivered socially-but not when they answered the questions online. © 2020 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2278 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=433