Dépouillements

Editorial: What's in a name? Drawing on the examples of autism and schizophrenia, some reflections on diagnostic labels and their future role in child and adolescent psychiatry / Angelica RONALD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.977-979 Titre : Editorial: What's in a name? Drawing on the examples of autism and schizophrenia, some reflections on diagnostic labels and their future role in child and adolescent psychiatry Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Angelica RONALD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.977-979 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Ten years have passed since the release of DSM-5, which brought with it some notable changes in diagnostic labels. In this editorial, the impact of labels, and the changes in labels used in child and adolescent psychiatry, are discussed, with examples drawn from autism and schizophrenia. The diagnostic labels that children and adolescents receive feed into their treatment access and future potential but also to their self-identities. Outside of medicine, extensive budgets and time are spent to test how consumers identify with the labels of products. Diagnoses are not commercial products, of course, but the choice of labels used in child and adolescent psychiatry should remain a priority, in light of their impact on translational science, treatment and on individuals, alongside the ever-evolving nature of language itself. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13839 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Editorial: What's in a name? Drawing on the examples of autism and schizophrenia, some reflections on diagnostic labels and their future role in child and adolescent psychiatry [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Angelica RONALD, Auteur . - p.977-979. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.977-979 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Ten years have passed since the release of DSM-5, which brought with it some notable changes in diagnostic labels. In this editorial, the impact of labels, and the changes in labels used in child and adolescent psychiatry, are discussed, with examples drawn from autism and schizophrenia. The diagnostic labels that children and adolescents receive feed into their treatment access and future potential but also to their self-identities. Outside of medicine, extensive budgets and time are spent to test how consumers identify with the labels of products. Diagnoses are not commercial products, of course, but the choice of labels used in child and adolescent psychiatry should remain a priority, in light of their impact on translational science, treatment and on individuals, alongside the ever-evolving nature of language itself. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13839 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Practitioner Review: Psychosis in children and adolescents / Anna SUNSHINE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.980-988 Titre : Practitioner Review: Psychosis in children and adolescents Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Anna SUNSHINE, Auteur ; Jon MCCLELLAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.980-988 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Psychotic symptoms, including hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking and behaviors, are the hallmarks of schizophrenia; but may also present in the context of other psychiatric and medical conditions. Many children and adolescents describe psychotic-like experiences, which can be associated with other types of psychopathology and past experiences (e.g., trauma, substance use, and suicidality). However, most youth reporting such experiences do not have, nor will ever develop, schizophrenia or another psychotic disorder. Accurate assessment is critical because these different presentations have different diagnostic and treatment implications. For this review, we focus primarily on the diagnosis and treatment of early onset schizophrenia. In addition, we review the development of community-based first-episode psychosis programming, and the importance of early intervention and coordinated care. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13777 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Practitioner Review: Psychosis in children and adolescents [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Anna SUNSHINE, Auteur ; Jon MCCLELLAN, Auteur . - p.980-988. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.980-988 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Psychotic symptoms, including hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking and behaviors, are the hallmarks of schizophrenia; but may also present in the context of other psychiatric and medical conditions. Many children and adolescents describe psychotic-like experiences, which can be associated with other types of psychopathology and past experiences (e.g., trauma, substance use, and suicidality). However, most youth reporting such experiences do not have, nor will ever develop, schizophrenia or another psychotic disorder. Accurate assessment is critical because these different presentations have different diagnostic and treatment implications. For this review, we focus primarily on the diagnosis and treatment of early onset schizophrenia. In addition, we review the development of community-based first-episode psychosis programming, and the importance of early intervention and coordinated care. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13777 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Research Review: The neuroscience of emerging adulthood - reward, ambiguity, and social support as building blocks of mental health / Jennifer A. SILVERS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.989-997 Titre : Research Review: The neuroscience of emerging adulthood - reward, ambiguity, and social support as building blocks of mental health Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jennifer A. SILVERS, Auteur ; Tara S. PERIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.989-997 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BackgroundThe interval between adolescence and adulthood, 'emerging adulthood' (EA), lays the foundation for lifelong health and well-being. To date, there exist little empirical data - particularly in the neurobiological domain - to establish markers of risk and resilience during the transition to adulthood. This gap in the literature is concerning given the numerous forms of psychiatric illness that emerge or worsen during this period.MethodsIn this review, we focus on two strands of research with distinct importance for EA: reward sensitivity, and tolerance of ambiguity. We begin by placing these domains in a framework that considers the unique developmental goals of EA and then synthesize emerging neurobiological research on how these domains develop during EA. We then consider their role in common mental health problems that occur during this interval as well as how social support may moderate outcomes. Finally, we offer recommendations for advancing research to understand developmental process and outcomes in EA.Findings and conclusionsFew longitudinal studies specifically address emerging adult development and the milestones that characterize this interval. Data on neurobiological development are similarly sparse. Understanding neurobiological development during this window and its links to key adjustment outcomes is crucial for optimizing outcomes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13776 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Research Review: The neuroscience of emerging adulthood - reward, ambiguity, and social support as building blocks of mental health [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jennifer A. SILVERS, Auteur ; Tara S. PERIS, Auteur . - p.989-997. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.989-997 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BackgroundThe interval between adolescence and adulthood, 'emerging adulthood' (EA), lays the foundation for lifelong health and well-being. To date, there exist little empirical data - particularly in the neurobiological domain - to establish markers of risk and resilience during the transition to adulthood. This gap in the literature is concerning given the numerous forms of psychiatric illness that emerge or worsen during this period.MethodsIn this review, we focus on two strands of research with distinct importance for EA: reward sensitivity, and tolerance of ambiguity. We begin by placing these domains in a framework that considers the unique developmental goals of EA and then synthesize emerging neurobiological research on how these domains develop during EA. We then consider their role in common mental health problems that occur during this interval as well as how social support may moderate outcomes. Finally, we offer recommendations for advancing research to understand developmental process and outcomes in EA.Findings and conclusionsFew longitudinal studies specifically address emerging adult development and the milestones that characterize this interval. Data on neurobiological development are similarly sparse. Understanding neurobiological development during this window and its links to key adjustment outcomes is crucial for optimizing outcomes. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13776 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of aggressive behaviour: a longitudinal population-based study / Ehsan PISHVA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.998-1006 Titre : Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of aggressive behaviour: a longitudinal population-based study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ehsan PISHVA, Auteur ; Daniel L. A. VAN DEN HOVE, Auteur ; Valentin LAROCHE, Auteur ; Aneth LVOVS, Auteur ; Arunima ROY, Auteur ; Gabriela ORTEGA, Auteur ; Joe BURRAGE, Auteur ; Toomas VEIDEBAUM, Auteur ; Margus KANARIK, Auteur ; Jonathan MILL, Auteur ; Klaus-Peter LESCH, Auteur ; Jaanus HARRO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.998-1006 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Aggression  DNA methylation  epigenetics  genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Human aggression is influenced by an interplay between genetic predisposition and experience across the life span. This interaction is thought to occur through epigenetic mechanisms, inducing differential gene expression, thereby moderating neuronal cell and circuit function, and thus shaping aggressive behaviour. Methods Genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) levels were measured in peripheral blood obtained from 95 individuals participating in the Estonian Children Personality Behaviours and Health Study (ECPBHS) at 15 and 25years of age. We examined the association between aggressive behaviour, as measured by Life History of Aggression (LHA) total score and DNAm levels both assessed at age 25. We further examined the pleiotropic effect of genetic variants regulating LHA-associated differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and multiple traits related to aggressive behaviours. Lastly, we tested whether the DNA methylomic loci identified in association with LHA at age 25 were also present at age 15. Results We found one differentially methylated position (DMP) (cg17815886; p =1.12108) and five differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with LHA after multiple testing adjustments. The DMP annotated to the PDLIM5 gene, and DMRs resided in the vicinity of four protein-encoding genes (TRIM10, GTF2H4, SLC45A4, B3GALT4) and a long intergenic non-coding RNA (LINC02068). We observed evidence for the colocalization of genetic variants associated with top DMPs and general cognitive function, educational attainment and cholesterol levels. Notably, a subset of the DMPs associated with LHA at age 25 also displayed altered DNAm patterns at age 15 with high accuracy in predicting aggression. Conclusions Our findings highlight the potential role of DNAm in the development of aggressive behaviours. We observed pleiotropic genetic variants associated with identified DMPs, and various traits previously established to be relevant in shaping aggression in humans. The concordance of DNAm signatures in adolescents and young adults may have predictive value for inappropriate and maladaptive aggression later in life. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13782 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of aggressive behaviour: a longitudinal population-based study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ehsan PISHVA, Auteur ; Daniel L. A. VAN DEN HOVE, Auteur ; Valentin LAROCHE, Auteur ; Aneth LVOVS, Auteur ; Arunima ROY, Auteur ; Gabriela ORTEGA, Auteur ; Joe BURRAGE, Auteur ; Toomas VEIDEBAUM, Auteur ; Margus KANARIK, Auteur ; Jonathan MILL, Auteur ; Klaus-Peter LESCH, Auteur ; Jaanus HARRO, Auteur . - p.998-1006. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.998-1006 Mots-clés : Aggression  DNA methylation  epigenetics  genetics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Human aggression is influenced by an interplay between genetic predisposition and experience across the life span. This interaction is thought to occur through epigenetic mechanisms, inducing differential gene expression, thereby moderating neuronal cell and circuit function, and thus shaping aggressive behaviour. Methods Genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) levels were measured in peripheral blood obtained from 95 individuals participating in the Estonian Children Personality Behaviours and Health Study (ECPBHS) at 15 and 25years of age. We examined the association between aggressive behaviour, as measured by Life History of Aggression (LHA) total score and DNAm levels both assessed at age 25. We further examined the pleiotropic effect of genetic variants regulating LHA-associated differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and multiple traits related to aggressive behaviours. Lastly, we tested whether the DNA methylomic loci identified in association with LHA at age 25 were also present at age 15. Results We found one differentially methylated position (DMP) (cg17815886; p =1.12108) and five differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with LHA after multiple testing adjustments. The DMP annotated to the PDLIM5 gene, and DMRs resided in the vicinity of four protein-encoding genes (TRIM10, GTF2H4, SLC45A4, B3GALT4) and a long intergenic non-coding RNA (LINC02068). We observed evidence for the colocalization of genetic variants associated with top DMPs and general cognitive function, educational attainment and cholesterol levels. Notably, a subset of the DMPs associated with LHA at age 25 also displayed altered DNAm patterns at age 15 with high accuracy in predicting aggression. Conclusions Our findings highlight the potential role of DNAm in the development of aggressive behaviours. We observed pleiotropic genetic variants associated with identified DMPs, and various traits previously established to be relevant in shaping aggression in humans. The concordance of DNAm signatures in adolescents and young adults may have predictive value for inappropriate and maladaptive aggression later in life. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13782 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Autism spectrum disorder and brain volume link through a set of mTOR-related genes / Martina ARENELLA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1007-1014 Titre : Autism spectrum disorder and brain volume link through a set of mTOR-related genes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Martina ARENELLA, Auteur ; Nina R. MOTA, Auteur ; Mariel W. A. TEUNISSEN, Auteur ; Han G. BRUNNER, Auteur ; Janita BRALTEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1007-1014 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  genetics  brain volume  mammalian target of rapamycin  stratified genetic correlation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Larger than average head and brain sizes are often observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). ASD and brain volume are both highly heritable, with multiple genetic variants contributing. However, it is unclear whether ASD and brain volume share any genetic mechanisms. Genes from the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway influence brain volume, and variants are found in rare genetic syndromes that include ASD features. Here we investigated whether variants in mTOR-related genes are also associated with ASD and if they constitute a genetic link between large brains and ASD. Methods We extended our analyses between large heads (macrocephaly) and rare de novo mTOR-related variants in an intellectual disability cohort (N = 2,258). Subsequently using Fisher's exact tests we investigated the co-occurrence of mTOR-related de novo variants and ASD in the de-novo-db database (N = 23,098). We next selected common genetic variants within a set of 96 mTOR-related genes in genome-wide genetic association data of ASD (N = 46,350) to test gene-set association using MAGMA. Lastly, we tested genetic correlation between genome-wide genetic association data of ASD (N = 46,350) and intracranial volume (N = 25,974) globally using linkage disequilibrium score regression as well as mTOR specific by restricting the genetic correlation to the mTOR-related genes using GNOVA. Results Our results show that both macrocephaly and ASD occur above chance level in individuals carrying rare de novo variants in mTOR-related genes. We found a significant mTOR gene-set association with ASD (p = .0029) and an mTOR-stratified positive genetic correlation between ASD and intracranial volume (p = .027), despite the absence of a significant genome-wide correlation (p = .81). Conclusions This work indicates that both rare and common variants in mTOR-related genes are associated with brain volume and ASD and genetically correlate them in the expected direction. We demonstrate that genes involved in mTOR signalling are potential mediators of the relationship between having a large brain and having ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13783 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Autism spectrum disorder and brain volume link through a set of mTOR-related genes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Martina ARENELLA, Auteur ; Nina R. MOTA, Auteur ; Mariel W. A. TEUNISSEN, Auteur ; Han G. BRUNNER, Auteur ; Janita BRALTEN, Auteur . - p.1007-1014. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1007-1014 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  genetics  brain volume  mammalian target of rapamycin  stratified genetic correlation Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Larger than average head and brain sizes are often observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). ASD and brain volume are both highly heritable, with multiple genetic variants contributing. However, it is unclear whether ASD and brain volume share any genetic mechanisms. Genes from the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway influence brain volume, and variants are found in rare genetic syndromes that include ASD features. Here we investigated whether variants in mTOR-related genes are also associated with ASD and if they constitute a genetic link between large brains and ASD. Methods We extended our analyses between large heads (macrocephaly) and rare de novo mTOR-related variants in an intellectual disability cohort (N = 2,258). Subsequently using Fisher's exact tests we investigated the co-occurrence of mTOR-related de novo variants and ASD in the de-novo-db database (N = 23,098). We next selected common genetic variants within a set of 96 mTOR-related genes in genome-wide genetic association data of ASD (N = 46,350) to test gene-set association using MAGMA. Lastly, we tested genetic correlation between genome-wide genetic association data of ASD (N = 46,350) and intracranial volume (N = 25,974) globally using linkage disequilibrium score regression as well as mTOR specific by restricting the genetic correlation to the mTOR-related genes using GNOVA. Results Our results show that both macrocephaly and ASD occur above chance level in individuals carrying rare de novo variants in mTOR-related genes. We found a significant mTOR gene-set association with ASD (p = .0029) and an mTOR-stratified positive genetic correlation between ASD and intracranial volume (p = .027), despite the absence of a significant genome-wide correlation (p = .81). Conclusions This work indicates that both rare and common variants in mTOR-related genes are associated with brain volume and ASD and genetically correlate them in the expected direction. We demonstrate that genes involved in mTOR signalling are potential mediators of the relationship between having a large brain and having ASD. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13783 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Mortality risk following self-harm in young people: a population cohort study using the Northern Ireland Registry of Self-Harm / Emma ROSS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1015-1026 Titre : Mortality risk following self-harm in young people: a population cohort study using the Northern Ireland Registry of Self-Harm Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Emma ROSS, Auteur ; Dermot O'REILLY, Auteur ; Denise O'HAGAN, Auteur ; Aideen MAGUIRE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1015-1026 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Self-harm  suicide  epidemiology  adolescence  mental health Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Self-harm is a recognised predictor of suicide and is most common in those aged under 25years. The aims of this study were to describe the characteristics of young people who present with self-harm; quantify the risk of suicide and other causes of death during follow up, and to identify factors associated with mortality risk. Methods The Northern Ireland Registry of Self-Harm (NIRSH) is a national registry capturing complete data on all presentations made to the 12 Emergency Departments (EDs) in Northern Ireland (NI). Data relating to self-harm presentations registered in the NIRSH between 2012 and 2015 were linked to primary care registrations and death records up until 31st December 2018. Logistic regression was employed to examine the factors associated with self-harm. Cox regression was used to estimate mortality risk following self-harm and explore the associated risk factors. Results The cohort consisted of 390,740 individuals aged 1024years registered with a General Practitioner (GP) in NI. During follow-up, 4,450 individuals presented with self-harm. Rates of self-harm were highest in females, those aged 2024years (ORadj =3.53, 95% CI 3.283.80, p <.001), and in the most deprived areas (ORadj =2.71, 95% CI 2.452.99, p <.001). Thirty five individuals who presented with self-harm died by suicide, accounting for 23% of all suicide deaths in the cohort. Suicide risk was increased 19-fold in those who presented with self-harm after adjustment for age, sex and area-level factors (HRadj =19.00, 95% CI 12.8028.21, p <.001). Increased suicide risk was observed in males (HRadj =2.04, 95% CI 0.994.23, p =.05) and those using more violent methods of self-injury (HRadj =3.89, 95% CI 1.659.13, p <.001). Conclusions Young people who self-harm are at a significantly greater risk of suicide. Almost a quarter of young people who died by suicide in NI had presented to EDs with self-harm, highlighting that the ED may provide a nodal point of intervention among a typically hard to identify and reach population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13784 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Mortality risk following self-harm in young people: a population cohort study using the Northern Ireland Registry of Self-Harm [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Emma ROSS, Auteur ; Dermot O'REILLY, Auteur ; Denise O'HAGAN, Auteur ; Aideen MAGUIRE, Auteur . - p.1015-1026. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1015-1026 Mots-clés : Self-harm  suicide  epidemiology  adolescence  mental health Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Self-harm is a recognised predictor of suicide and is most common in those aged under 25years. The aims of this study were to describe the characteristics of young people who present with self-harm; quantify the risk of suicide and other causes of death during follow up, and to identify factors associated with mortality risk. Methods The Northern Ireland Registry of Self-Harm (NIRSH) is a national registry capturing complete data on all presentations made to the 12 Emergency Departments (EDs) in Northern Ireland (NI). Data relating to self-harm presentations registered in the NIRSH between 2012 and 2015 were linked to primary care registrations and death records up until 31st December 2018. Logistic regression was employed to examine the factors associated with self-harm. Cox regression was used to estimate mortality risk following self-harm and explore the associated risk factors. Results The cohort consisted of 390,740 individuals aged 1024years registered with a General Practitioner (GP) in NI. During follow-up, 4,450 individuals presented with self-harm. Rates of self-harm were highest in females, those aged 2024years (ORadj =3.53, 95% CI 3.283.80, p <.001), and in the most deprived areas (ORadj =2.71, 95% CI 2.452.99, p <.001). Thirty five individuals who presented with self-harm died by suicide, accounting for 23% of all suicide deaths in the cohort. Suicide risk was increased 19-fold in those who presented with self-harm after adjustment for age, sex and area-level factors (HRadj =19.00, 95% CI 12.8028.21, p <.001). Increased suicide risk was observed in males (HRadj =2.04, 95% CI 0.994.23, p =.05) and those using more violent methods of self-injury (HRadj =3.89, 95% CI 1.659.13, p <.001). Conclusions Young people who self-harm are at a significantly greater risk of suicide. Almost a quarter of young people who died by suicide in NI had presented to EDs with self-harm, highlighting that the ED may provide a nodal point of intervention among a typically hard to identify and reach population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13784 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Melatonin use and the risk of self-harm and unintentional injuries in youths with and without psychiatric disorders / Marica LEONE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1027-1036 Titre : Melatonin use and the risk of self-harm and unintentional injuries in youths with and without psychiatric disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Marica LEONE, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Tyra LAGERBERG, Auteur ; Johan BJUREBERG, Auteur ; Agnieszka BUTWICKA, Auteur ; Zheng CHANG, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Amy LEVAL, Auteur ; Sarah E. BERGEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1027-1036 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Melatonin  sleep  injury  self-harm  depression  anxiety Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Sleep disorders in youth have been associated with increased risks of injury, including suicidal behavior. This study investigated whether melatonin, which is the most common medication for sleep disturbances in youth in Sweden, is associated with a decreased risk of injury. Methods This population-based cohort study included 25,575 youths who initiated melatonin treatment between ages 6 and 18. Poisson regression was used to estimate rate of injuries in the year prior to and following melatonin treatment initiation. A within-individual design was used to estimate relative risks by comparing injury risk in the last unmedicated month with injury risks in the 12months after medication initiation. Analyses were stratified by sex, injury type, psychiatric comorbidities and age at melatonin-treatment initiation. Results While body injuries, falls and transport accident rates were comparable in the year before and after melatonin-treatment initiation, the risk of self-harm was highest in the months immediately prior to medication, and decreased thereafter. This was particularly prominent among adolescents with depression and/or anxiety, with females displaying greater absolute risks than males. Compared to the last unmedicated month, the 12months post medication initiation had decreased relative risks for self-harm, with an IRR [95% CI] in the month following melatonin-treatment initiation of 0.46 [0.270.76] among adolescent females with psychiatric disorders, after excluding antidepressant users. Conclusions Decreased risk of intentional self-harm was observed following melatonin-treatment initiation among females with depression and anxiety, suggesting that sleep interventions could be considered in an effort to reduce risk of self-harm in this population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13785 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Melatonin use and the risk of self-harm and unintentional injuries in youths with and without psychiatric disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Marica LEONE, Auteur ; Ralf KUJA-HALKOLA, Auteur ; Tyra LAGERBERG, Auteur ; Johan BJUREBERG, Auteur ; Agnieszka BUTWICKA, Auteur ; Zheng CHANG, Auteur ; Henrik LARSSON, Auteur ; Brian M. D'ONOFRIO, Auteur ; Amy LEVAL, Auteur ; Sarah E. BERGEN, Auteur . - p.1027-1036. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1027-1036 Mots-clés : Melatonin  sleep  injury  self-harm  depression  anxiety Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Sleep disorders in youth have been associated with increased risks of injury, including suicidal behavior. This study investigated whether melatonin, which is the most common medication for sleep disturbances in youth in Sweden, is associated with a decreased risk of injury. Methods This population-based cohort study included 25,575 youths who initiated melatonin treatment between ages 6 and 18. Poisson regression was used to estimate rate of injuries in the year prior to and following melatonin treatment initiation. A within-individual design was used to estimate relative risks by comparing injury risk in the last unmedicated month with injury risks in the 12months after medication initiation. Analyses were stratified by sex, injury type, psychiatric comorbidities and age at melatonin-treatment initiation. Results While body injuries, falls and transport accident rates were comparable in the year before and after melatonin-treatment initiation, the risk of self-harm was highest in the months immediately prior to medication, and decreased thereafter. This was particularly prominent among adolescents with depression and/or anxiety, with females displaying greater absolute risks than males. Compared to the last unmedicated month, the 12months post medication initiation had decreased relative risks for self-harm, with an IRR [95% CI] in the month following melatonin-treatment initiation of 0.46 [0.270.76] among adolescent females with psychiatric disorders, after excluding antidepressant users. Conclusions Decreased risk of intentional self-harm was observed following melatonin-treatment initiation among females with depression and anxiety, suggesting that sleep interventions could be considered in an effort to reduce risk of self-harm in this population. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13785 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Prenatal exposure to air pollution and childhood internalizing problems: roles of shyness and anterior cingulate cortex activity / Ran LIU in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1037-1044 Titre : Prenatal exposure to air pollution and childhood internalizing problems: roles of shyness and anterior cingulate cortex activity Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ran LIU, Auteur ; David PAGLIACCIO, Auteur ; Julie B. HERBSTMAN, Auteur ; Nathan A. FOX, Auteur ; Amy E. MARGOLIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1037-1044 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Air pollution  polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons  prenatal  internalizing problems  shyness  anterior cingulate cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Prenatal exposure to air pollution increases the risk for psychiatric disorders characterized by internalizing problems. In this study, we examined the roles of shyness and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) activity in the association between prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and children's internalizing problems at 79years old. Methods Participants include 53 children (31 girls, 22 boys). Personal air monitoring was conducted over 48 continuous hours during the third trimester of pregnancy to measure 8 PAHs. Mothers reported children's shyness (Emotionality Activity Sociability Temperament Survey) at age 5 and internalizing problems (Child Behavior Checklist) at ages 79. ACC activity was measured by fMRI during the Simon Spatial Incompatibility task at ages 79. Results Shyness mediated the association between prenatal PAH exposure and internalizing problems. Higher prenatal PAH exposure predicted increased shyness, which in turn predicted greater internalizing problems. Moreover, left ACC activity during the Simon task moderated the association between prenatal PAH exposure and internalizing problems. Prenatal PAH exposure predicted increased risk for internalizing problems only when children showed heightened left ACC activity during the resolution of cognitive conflict. Conclusions Our study innovatively synthesizes the fields of developmental psychology and environmental health science to offer new insights into the risk factors for anxiety disorders. Facilitating the development of healthy reactive and regulatory processes may improve the developmental outcomes for children highly exposed to air pollution. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13768 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Prenatal exposure to air pollution and childhood internalizing problems: roles of shyness and anterior cingulate cortex activity [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ran LIU, Auteur ; David PAGLIACCIO, Auteur ; Julie B. HERBSTMAN, Auteur ; Nathan A. FOX, Auteur ; Amy E. MARGOLIS, Auteur . - p.1037-1044. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1037-1044 Mots-clés : Air pollution  polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons  prenatal  internalizing problems  shyness  anterior cingulate cortex Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Prenatal exposure to air pollution increases the risk for psychiatric disorders characterized by internalizing problems. In this study, we examined the roles of shyness and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) activity in the association between prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and children's internalizing problems at 79years old. Methods Participants include 53 children (31 girls, 22 boys). Personal air monitoring was conducted over 48 continuous hours during the third trimester of pregnancy to measure 8 PAHs. Mothers reported children's shyness (Emotionality Activity Sociability Temperament Survey) at age 5 and internalizing problems (Child Behavior Checklist) at ages 79. ACC activity was measured by fMRI during the Simon Spatial Incompatibility task at ages 79. Results Shyness mediated the association between prenatal PAH exposure and internalizing problems. Higher prenatal PAH exposure predicted increased shyness, which in turn predicted greater internalizing problems. Moreover, left ACC activity during the Simon task moderated the association between prenatal PAH exposure and internalizing problems. Prenatal PAH exposure predicted increased risk for internalizing problems only when children showed heightened left ACC activity during the resolution of cognitive conflict. Conclusions Our study innovatively synthesizes the fields of developmental psychology and environmental health science to offer new insights into the risk factors for anxiety disorders. Facilitating the development of healthy reactive and regulatory processes may improve the developmental outcomes for children highly exposed to air pollution. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13768 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Social skills and symptoms of anxiety disorders from preschool to adolescence: a prospective cohort study / Mojtaba HABIBI ASGARABAD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1045-1055 Titre : Social skills and symptoms of anxiety disorders from preschool to adolescence: a prospective cohort study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Mojtaba HABIBI ASGARABAD, Auteur ; Silje STEINSBEKK, Auteur ; Lars WICHSTRØM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1045-1055 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescence  anxiety disorders  random intercept cross-lagged panel model  longitudinal  social skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Prior research, mostly cross-sectional or prospective studies with short follow-up periods, has indicated that childhood anxiety is associated with difficulties with social interaction. However, the etiological role of social skills in the development of anxiety in childhood remains unknown. Moreover, it is not known whether childhood anxiety impedes the development of age-appropriate social skills. Methods The relation between anxiety and social skills was, therefore, examined in two birth cohorts of children who were assessed biennially from the ages of 4 to 14years (n =1,043). Semistructured psychiatric diagnostic interviews of children (from age 8) and parents were used to measure symptoms of separation, generalized, and social anxiety disorders as well as specific phobias. Social skills were measured through the parent-reported Social Skills Rating System. A random intercept cross-lagged panel model was used to analyze the data, adjusting for observed time-variant covariates (emotion regulation, secure attachment, bullying victimization, and global self-esteem) and all unobserved time-invariant confounding effects. Results Reduced social skills predicted increased symptoms of anxiety at ages 8, 10, and 12 ( =.26,  =.17, and  =.15, respectively), whereas an increased number of anxiety symptoms did not forecast changes in social skills. Conclusions The findings suggest that reduced social skills may be involved in the development of anxiety symptoms in middle childhood and should, therefore, be considered in efforts to prevent and treat childhood anxiety. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13787 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Social skills and symptoms of anxiety disorders from preschool to adolescence: a prospective cohort study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Mojtaba HABIBI ASGARABAD, Auteur ; Silje STEINSBEKK, Auteur ; Lars WICHSTRØM, Auteur . - p.1045-1055. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1045-1055 Mots-clés : Adolescence  anxiety disorders  random intercept cross-lagged panel model  longitudinal  social skills Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Prior research, mostly cross-sectional or prospective studies with short follow-up periods, has indicated that childhood anxiety is associated with difficulties with social interaction. However, the etiological role of social skills in the development of anxiety in childhood remains unknown. Moreover, it is not known whether childhood anxiety impedes the development of age-appropriate social skills. Methods The relation between anxiety and social skills was, therefore, examined in two birth cohorts of children who were assessed biennially from the ages of 4 to 14years (n =1,043). Semistructured psychiatric diagnostic interviews of children (from age 8) and parents were used to measure symptoms of separation, generalized, and social anxiety disorders as well as specific phobias. Social skills were measured through the parent-reported Social Skills Rating System. A random intercept cross-lagged panel model was used to analyze the data, adjusting for observed time-variant covariates (emotion regulation, secure attachment, bullying victimization, and global self-esteem) and all unobserved time-invariant confounding effects. Results Reduced social skills predicted increased symptoms of anxiety at ages 8, 10, and 12 ( =.26,  =.17, and  =.15, respectively), whereas an increased number of anxiety symptoms did not forecast changes in social skills. Conclusions The findings suggest that reduced social skills may be involved in the development of anxiety symptoms in middle childhood and should, therefore, be considered in efforts to prevent and treat childhood anxiety. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13787 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Facets of impulsivity and reward in relation to binge-eating disorder course of illness among children: findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study / Kathryn E. SMITH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1056-1066 Titre : Facets of impulsivity and reward in relation to binge-eating disorder course of illness among children: findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kathryn E. SMITH, Auteur ; Wei-Lin WANG, Auteur ; Tyler B. MASON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1056-1066 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Binge eating  impulsivity  reward sensitivity  eating disorder  personality  risk factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The present study examined facets of impulsivity and reward sensitivity [as measured by the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale and Behavioral Activation and Behavioral Inhibition Scales (BIS/BAS)] as multivariable predictors of subsequent binge-eating disorder (BED) course of illness in middle childhood. Methods The current sample included children aged 910years (N = 9,438) who took part in the baseline and 1-year follow-up assessments of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. BED course was operationalized as those who never developed BED or subthreshold BED (SBED) (control), were diagnosed with BED/SBED at year 1 but not baseline (developers), were diagnosed with BED/SBED at baseline but not year 1 (remitters), or were diagnosed with BED/SBED at both times (maintainers). Results Higher baseline BIS/BAS reward responsivity scores were related to the greater likelihood of belonging to the maintainer group relative to the control and remitter groups (ORs1.121.19). Regarding covariates, higher baseline body mass index percentile and internalizing symptoms were related to the greater likelihood of BED development, remittance, and maintenance compared to the control group (ORs = 1.041.14); no variables were uniquely related to BED development. Exploratory analyses showed that the likelihood of belonging to the maintainer group compared to the control group was greatest at higher levels of negative urgency in combination with high reward responsivity. Conclusions Heightened reward responsivity may convey risk for poorer BED course in children, while emotional disorder symptomatology may act as a more general risk and maintenance factor for BED. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13789 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Facets of impulsivity and reward in relation to binge-eating disorder course of illness among children: findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kathryn E. SMITH, Auteur ; Wei-Lin WANG, Auteur ; Tyler B. MASON, Auteur . - p.1056-1066. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1056-1066 Mots-clés : Binge eating  impulsivity  reward sensitivity  eating disorder  personality  risk factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background The present study examined facets of impulsivity and reward sensitivity [as measured by the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale and Behavioral Activation and Behavioral Inhibition Scales (BIS/BAS)] as multivariable predictors of subsequent binge-eating disorder (BED) course of illness in middle childhood. Methods The current sample included children aged 910years (N = 9,438) who took part in the baseline and 1-year follow-up assessments of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. BED course was operationalized as those who never developed BED or subthreshold BED (SBED) (control), were diagnosed with BED/SBED at year 1 but not baseline (developers), were diagnosed with BED/SBED at baseline but not year 1 (remitters), or were diagnosed with BED/SBED at both times (maintainers). Results Higher baseline BIS/BAS reward responsivity scores were related to the greater likelihood of belonging to the maintainer group relative to the control and remitter groups (ORs1.121.19). Regarding covariates, higher baseline body mass index percentile and internalizing symptoms were related to the greater likelihood of BED development, remittance, and maintenance compared to the control group (ORs = 1.041.14); no variables were uniquely related to BED development. Exploratory analyses showed that the likelihood of belonging to the maintainer group compared to the control group was greatest at higher levels of negative urgency in combination with high reward responsivity. Conclusions Heightened reward responsivity may convey risk for poorer BED course in children, while emotional disorder symptomatology may act as a more general risk and maintenance factor for BED. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13789 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Breastfeeding duration is associated with larger cortical gray matter volumes in children from the ABCD study / Christian NÚÑEZ in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1067-1079 Titre : Breastfeeding duration is associated with larger cortical gray matter volumes in children from the ABCD study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christian NÚÑEZ, Auteur ; Alfredo GARCÍA-ALIX, Auteur ; Gemma ARCA, Auteur ; Thais AGUT, Auteur ; Nuria CARRERAS, Auteur ; Maria J. PORTELLA, Auteur ; Christian STEPHAN-OTTO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1067-1079 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Breastfeeding  magnetic resonance imaging  brain structure  behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Despite the numerous studies in favor of breastfeeding for its benefits in cognition and mental health, the long-term effects of breastfeeding on brain structure are still largely unknown. Our main objective was to study the relationship between breastfeeding duration and cerebral gray matter volumes. We also explored the potential mediatory role of brain volumes on behavior. Methods We analyzed 7,860 magnetic resonance images of children 911years of age from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) dataset in order to study the relationship between breastfeeding duration and cerebral gray matter volumes. We also obtained several behavioral data (cognition, behavioral problems, prodromal psychotic experiences, prosociality, impulsivity) to explore the potential mediatory role of brain volumes on behavior. Results In the 7,860 children analyzed (median age = 9years and 11months; 49.9% female), whole-brain voxel-based morphometry analyses revealed an association mainly between breastfeeding duration and larger bilateral volumes of the pars orbitalis and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex. In particular, the association with the left pars orbitalis and the left lateral orbitofrontal cortex proved to be very robust to the addition of potentially confounding covariates, random selection of siblings, and splitting the sample in two. The volume of the left pars orbitalis and the left lateral orbitofrontal cortex appeared to mediate the relationship between breastfeeding duration and the negative urgency dimension of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. Global gray matter volumes were also significant mediators for behavioral problems as measured with the Child Behavior Checklist. Conclusions Our findings suggest that breastfeeding is a relevant factor in the proper development of the brain, particularly for the pars orbitalis and lateral orbitofrontal cortex regions. This, in turn, may impact impulsive personality and mental health in early puberty. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13790 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Breastfeeding duration is associated with larger cortical gray matter volumes in children from the ABCD study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christian NÚÑEZ, Auteur ; Alfredo GARCÍA-ALIX, Auteur ; Gemma ARCA, Auteur ; Thais AGUT, Auteur ; Nuria CARRERAS, Auteur ; Maria J. PORTELLA, Auteur ; Christian STEPHAN-OTTO, Auteur . - p.1067-1079. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1067-1079 Mots-clés : Breastfeeding  magnetic resonance imaging  brain structure  behavior Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Despite the numerous studies in favor of breastfeeding for its benefits in cognition and mental health, the long-term effects of breastfeeding on brain structure are still largely unknown. Our main objective was to study the relationship between breastfeeding duration and cerebral gray matter volumes. We also explored the potential mediatory role of brain volumes on behavior. Methods We analyzed 7,860 magnetic resonance images of children 911years of age from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) dataset in order to study the relationship between breastfeeding duration and cerebral gray matter volumes. We also obtained several behavioral data (cognition, behavioral problems, prodromal psychotic experiences, prosociality, impulsivity) to explore the potential mediatory role of brain volumes on behavior. Results In the 7,860 children analyzed (median age = 9years and 11months; 49.9% female), whole-brain voxel-based morphometry analyses revealed an association mainly between breastfeeding duration and larger bilateral volumes of the pars orbitalis and the lateral orbitofrontal cortex. In particular, the association with the left pars orbitalis and the left lateral orbitofrontal cortex proved to be very robust to the addition of potentially confounding covariates, random selection of siblings, and splitting the sample in two. The volume of the left pars orbitalis and the left lateral orbitofrontal cortex appeared to mediate the relationship between breastfeeding duration and the negative urgency dimension of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. Global gray matter volumes were also significant mediators for behavioral problems as measured with the Child Behavior Checklist. Conclusions Our findings suggest that breastfeeding is a relevant factor in the proper development of the brain, particularly for the pars orbitalis and lateral orbitofrontal cortex regions. This, in turn, may impact impulsive personality and mental health in early puberty. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13790 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Prenatal exposure to a natural disaster and early development of psychiatric disorders during the preschool years: stress in pregnancy study / Yoko NOMURA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1080-1091 Titre : Prenatal exposure to a natural disaster and early development of psychiatric disorders during the preschool years: stress in pregnancy study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Yoko NOMURA, Auteur ; Jeffrey H. NEWCORN, Auteur ; Christine GINALIS, Auteur ; Catherine HEITZ, Auteur ; Jeenia ZAKI, Auteur ; Farzana KHAN, Auteur ; Mardia NASRIN, Auteur ; Kathryn SIE, Auteur ; Donato DEINGENIIS, Auteur ; Yasmin L. HURD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1080-1091 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Natural disasters  anxiety  disruptive behavior  developmental psychopathology  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Growing evidence shows an association between in utero exposure to natural disasters and child behavioral problems, but we still know little about the development of specific psychopathology in preschool-aged children. Methods Preschool children (n=163, mean age=3.19, 85.5% racial and ethnic minorities) and their parents (n=151) were evaluated annually at ages 25 to assess the emergence of psychopathology using the Preschool Age Psychopathological Assessment (PAPA), a parent-report structured diagnostic interview developed for preschool-age children. Sixty-six (40.5%) children were exposed to Sandy Storm (SS) in utero and 97 (59.5%) were not. Survival analysis evaluated patterns of onset and estimated cumulative risks of psychopathology among exposed and unexposed children, in total and by sex. Analyses were controlled for the severity of objective and subjective SS-related stress, concurrent family stress, and demographic and psychosocial confounders, such as maternal age, race, SES, maternal substance use, and normative prenatal stress. Results Exposure to SS in utero was associated with a substantial increase in depressive disorders (Hazard Ratio (HR)=16.9, p=.030), anxiety disorders (HR=5.1, p<.0001), and attention-deficit/disruptive behavioral disorders (HR=3.4, p=.02). Diagnostic rates were elevated for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD; HR=8.5, p=.004), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; HR=5.5, p=.01), oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD; HR=3.8, p=.05), and separation-anxiety disorder (SAD; HR=3.5, p=.001). Males had distinctively elevated risks for attention-deficit/disruptive behavioral disorders (HR=7.8, p=.02), including ADHD, CD, and ODD, whereas females had elevated risks for anxiety disorders (HR=10.0, p<.0001), phobia (HR=2.8, p=.02) and depressive disorders (HR=30.0, p=.03), including SAD, GAD, and dysthymia. Conclusions The findings demonstrate that in utero exposure to a major weather-related disaster (SS) was associated with increased risk for psychopathology in children and provided evidence of distinct psychopathological outcomes as a function of sex. More attention is needed to understand specific parent, child, and environmental factors which account for this increased risk, and to develop mitigation strategies. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13698 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Prenatal exposure to a natural disaster and early development of psychiatric disorders during the preschool years: stress in pregnancy study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Yoko NOMURA, Auteur ; Jeffrey H. NEWCORN, Auteur ; Christine GINALIS, Auteur ; Catherine HEITZ, Auteur ; Jeenia ZAKI, Auteur ; Farzana KHAN, Auteur ; Mardia NASRIN, Auteur ; Kathryn SIE, Auteur ; Donato DEINGENIIS, Auteur ; Yasmin L. HURD, Auteur . - p.1080-1091. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1080-1091 Mots-clés : Natural disasters  anxiety  disruptive behavior  developmental psychopathology  sex differences Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Growing evidence shows an association between in utero exposure to natural disasters and child behavioral problems, but we still know little about the development of specific psychopathology in preschool-aged children. Methods Preschool children (n=163, mean age=3.19, 85.5% racial and ethnic minorities) and their parents (n=151) were evaluated annually at ages 25 to assess the emergence of psychopathology using the Preschool Age Psychopathological Assessment (PAPA), a parent-report structured diagnostic interview developed for preschool-age children. Sixty-six (40.5%) children were exposed to Sandy Storm (SS) in utero and 97 (59.5%) were not. Survival analysis evaluated patterns of onset and estimated cumulative risks of psychopathology among exposed and unexposed children, in total and by sex. Analyses were controlled for the severity of objective and subjective SS-related stress, concurrent family stress, and demographic and psychosocial confounders, such as maternal age, race, SES, maternal substance use, and normative prenatal stress. Results Exposure to SS in utero was associated with a substantial increase in depressive disorders (Hazard Ratio (HR)=16.9, p=.030), anxiety disorders (HR=5.1, p<.0001), and attention-deficit/disruptive behavioral disorders (HR=3.4, p=.02). Diagnostic rates were elevated for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD; HR=8.5, p=.004), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; HR=5.5, p=.01), oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD; HR=3.8, p=.05), and separation-anxiety disorder (SAD; HR=3.5, p=.001). Males had distinctively elevated risks for attention-deficit/disruptive behavioral disorders (HR=7.8, p=.02), including ADHD, CD, and ODD, whereas females had elevated risks for anxiety disorders (HR=10.0, p<.0001), phobia (HR=2.8, p=.02) and depressive disorders (HR=30.0, p=.03), including SAD, GAD, and dysthymia. Conclusions The findings demonstrate that in utero exposure to a major weather-related disaster (SS) was associated with increased risk for psychopathology in children and provided evidence of distinct psychopathological outcomes as a function of sex. More attention is needed to understand specific parent, child, and environmental factors which account for this increased risk, and to develop mitigation strategies. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13698 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Commentary: Natural disaster studies on prenatal stress - moving forward - a commentary/reflection on Nomura et al. (2023) / Carolina DE WEERTH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1092-1095 Titre : Commentary: Natural disaster studies on prenatal stress - moving forward - a commentary/reflection on Nomura et al. (2023) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Carolina DE WEERTH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1092-1095 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This commentary is based on the premise that the goal of scientific publications is to advance knowledge and inspire scientific discussion. First, the Nomura et al. paper is briefly summarized and shortly discussed to illustrate some of the challenges faced in this field, and suggestions for improvement are made. Then, the reader is invited to take a step back and reflect on how to continue investigating the effects of natural disasters on pregnant women and their children in the best possible manner. Additional suggestions are made for much-needed research on other types of severe maternal prenatal stress and on high-quality interventions for natural disasters. The goal is to stimulate reflection and exchange so that future choices made by researchers, funding bodies, and policymakers lead to substantial advances in the field of prenatal stress. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13763 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Commentary: Natural disaster studies on prenatal stress - moving forward - a commentary/reflection on Nomura et al. (2023) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Carolina DE WEERTH, Auteur . - p.1092-1095. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1092-1095 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This commentary is based on the premise that the goal of scientific publications is to advance knowledge and inspire scientific discussion. First, the Nomura et al. paper is briefly summarized and shortly discussed to illustrate some of the challenges faced in this field, and suggestions for improvement are made. Then, the reader is invited to take a step back and reflect on how to continue investigating the effects of natural disasters on pregnant women and their children in the best possible manner. Additional suggestions are made for much-needed research on other types of severe maternal prenatal stress and on high-quality interventions for natural disasters. The goal is to stimulate reflection and exchange so that future choices made by researchers, funding bodies, and policymakers lead to substantial advances in the field of prenatal stress. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13763 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508

Editorial Perspective: Medical body modification in youth with gender dysphoria or body dysmorphic disorder - is current practice coherent and evidence-based? / Gregor KOHLS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 64-7 (July 2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1096-1100 Titre : Editorial Perspective: Medical body modification in youth with gender dysphoria or body dysmorphic disorder - is current practice coherent and evidence-based? Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gregor KOHLS, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1096-1100 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In recent decades, there has been a steady increase in the number of people, including adolescents, undergoing medical body modification (MBM) to alter their physically healthy bodies in invasive and nearly irreversible ways through medical treatment (e.g. surgery). While MBM is often recommended for youth with persisting gender dysphoria (GD), in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) it has been considered contraindicated. Here, we outline the current controversies surrounding MBM practice and recommendations in adolescents with GD versus those with BDD in order to better understand under what circumstances we may or may not support adolescents who want to change their bodies medically and often irreversibly. We compare the two disorders in terms of the overlap and uniqueness of their behavioural and psychological features. In doing so, we discuss limitations of the existing (often low-quality) evidence for and against MBM in young patients. We conclude that the currently available evidence is too preliminary and far from conclusive to make any robust recommendations in terms of benefits and harms of MBM in youth with persisting GD or BDD. However, we strongly recommend further urgent scientific discussions and systematic research efforts into more robust evaluations and the identification of more precise psychological characteristics that may serve as decision criteria for or against MBM particularly in those adolescents who did not respond to non-MBM, that is, psychiatric/psychological treatment and psychosocial support, if available at all. This will greatly benefit youth healthcare professionals in their challenging clinical practice of making decisions regarding MBM today and in the future. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13717 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508 [article] Editorial Perspective: Medical body modification in youth with gender dysphoria or body dysmorphic disorder - is current practice coherent and evidence-based? [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gregor KOHLS, Auteur ; Veit ROESSNER, Auteur . - p.1096-1100. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 64-7 (July 2023) . - p.1096-1100 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In recent decades, there has been a steady increase in the number of people, including adolescents, undergoing medical body modification (MBM) to alter their physically healthy bodies in invasive and nearly irreversible ways through medical treatment (e.g. surgery). While MBM is often recommended for youth with persisting gender dysphoria (GD), in body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) it has been considered contraindicated. Here, we outline the current controversies surrounding MBM practice and recommendations in adolescents with GD versus those with BDD in order to better understand under what circumstances we may or may not support adolescents who want to change their bodies medically and often irreversibly. We compare the two disorders in terms of the overlap and uniqueness of their behavioural and psychological features. In doing so, we discuss limitations of the existing (often low-quality) evidence for and against MBM in young patients. We conclude that the currently available evidence is too preliminary and far from conclusive to make any robust recommendations in terms of benefits and harms of MBM in youth with persisting GD or BDD. However, we strongly recommend further urgent scientific discussions and systematic research efforts into more robust evaluations and the identification of more precise psychological characteristics that may serve as decision criteria for or against MBM particularly in those adolescents who did not respond to non-MBM, that is, psychiatric/psychological treatment and psychosocial support, if available at all. This will greatly benefit youth healthcare professionals in their challenging clinical practice of making decisions regarding MBM today and in the future. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13717 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=508