Associations between emotion and behavior codes and ADOS-2 scores in a sample of children referred for autism evaluation / Rebecca W. LIEB in Autism, 29-11 (November 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 29-11 (November 2025) . - p.2846-2857 Titre : Associations between emotion and behavior codes and ADOS-2 scores in a sample of children referred for autism evaluation Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rebecca W. LIEB, Auteur ; Luther G. KALB, Auteur ; Rachel REETZKE, Auteur ; Natasha N. LUDWIG, Auteur ; Christina E LOVE, Auteur ; Rowena NG, Auteur ; Danielle WEXLER, Auteur ; Allison E. GORNIK, Auteur ; Calliope HOLINGUE, Auteur ; Ji Su HONG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2846-2857 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : ADOS-2  assessment  autism  autism spectrum disorder  clinician ratings  E codes  emotional and behavioral problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2) is considered a “reference standard” measure to observe symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), little is known about the utility of its Other Abnormal Behaviors or “E codes.” This study investigated the unique influence of each E code (overactivity, disruptive behavior, anxiety) on ADOS-2 scoring. Data from ADOS-2 administrations (Modules 1, 2, 3) were collected from 3364 children (mean age = 6.73 years) at an outpatient ASD clinic. For those with ASD, ADOS-2 Calibrated Severity Scores (CSS) were descriptively higher for those with overactivity and disruptive behavior, but lower for those with anxiety. For those without ASD, no patterns emerged when comparing means. After controlling for age, sex, and language level, multivariable linear models indicated the presence of overactivity was significantly associated with increased CSS for children with ASD compared to those without. No significant interaction was present for disruptive behavior. The presence of anxiety was significantly associated with increased Social Affect CSS only for those without ASD. All effect sizes were small. This is one of the first studies to evaluate the effect of each individual E code on ADOS-2 CSS. Unique differences emerged across diagnostic groups, suggesting implications for ADOS-2 interpretation.Lay Summary The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2) is a common assessment tool used during an autism evaluation. As part of the ADOS-2, the examiner rates “E codes,” which are levels of hyperactivity, disruptive behavior, and anxiety during testing. These codes are not part of the final ADOS-2 score. While there is a lot of research on the ADOS-2, less is known about these E codes. This study looked at how the E codes might affect the final ADOS-2 scoring. Information came from 3364 in-person autism assessments (average age = 6.73 years) who were evaluated at an autism specialty clinic. For autistic children, ADOS-2 scores were higher (i.e. more autism-related behaviors) for those with overactivity and disruptive behavior, but lower for those with anxiety. For those without autism, there was no pattern. After accounting for the child’s age, sex, and language level, there were unique results for each E code, depending on whether the child received an autism diagnosis. This study is important as it is one of the first to evaluate the effects of each E code on ADOS-2 scores and could impact how scores are interpreted when considering an autism diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251355231 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=570 [article] Associations between emotion and behavior codes and ADOS-2 scores in a sample of children referred for autism evaluation [texte imprimé] / Rebecca W. LIEB, Auteur ; Luther G. KALB, Auteur ; Rachel REETZKE, Auteur ; Natasha N. LUDWIG, Auteur ; Christina E LOVE, Auteur ; Rowena NG, Auteur ; Danielle WEXLER, Auteur ; Allison E. GORNIK, Auteur ; Calliope HOLINGUE, Auteur ; Ji Su HONG, Auteur . - p.2846-2857. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 29-11 (November 2025) . - p.2846-2857 Mots-clés : ADOS-2  assessment  autism  autism spectrum disorder  clinician ratings  E codes  emotional and behavioral problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : While the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2) is considered a “reference standard” measure to observe symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), little is known about the utility of its Other Abnormal Behaviors or “E codes.” This study investigated the unique influence of each E code (overactivity, disruptive behavior, anxiety) on ADOS-2 scoring. Data from ADOS-2 administrations (Modules 1, 2, 3) were collected from 3364 children (mean age = 6.73 years) at an outpatient ASD clinic. For those with ASD, ADOS-2 Calibrated Severity Scores (CSS) were descriptively higher for those with overactivity and disruptive behavior, but lower for those with anxiety. For those without ASD, no patterns emerged when comparing means. After controlling for age, sex, and language level, multivariable linear models indicated the presence of overactivity was significantly associated with increased CSS for children with ASD compared to those without. No significant interaction was present for disruptive behavior. The presence of anxiety was significantly associated with increased Social Affect CSS only for those without ASD. All effect sizes were small. This is one of the first studies to evaluate the effect of each individual E code on ADOS-2 CSS. Unique differences emerged across diagnostic groups, suggesting implications for ADOS-2 interpretation.Lay Summary The Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2) is a common assessment tool used during an autism evaluation. As part of the ADOS-2, the examiner rates “E codes,” which are levels of hyperactivity, disruptive behavior, and anxiety during testing. These codes are not part of the final ADOS-2 score. While there is a lot of research on the ADOS-2, less is known about these E codes. This study looked at how the E codes might affect the final ADOS-2 scoring. Information came from 3364 in-person autism assessments (average age = 6.73 years) who were evaluated at an autism specialty clinic. For autistic children, ADOS-2 scores were higher (i.e. more autism-related behaviors) for those with overactivity and disruptive behavior, but lower for those with anxiety. For those without autism, there was no pattern. After accounting for the child’s age, sex, and language level, there were unique results for each E code, depending on whether the child received an autism diagnosis. This study is important as it is one of the first to evaluate the effects of each E code on ADOS-2 scores and could impact how scores are interpreted when considering an autism diagnosis. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613251355231 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=570

Brief Report: Neuropsychological Testing and Informant-Ratings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, or Comorbid Diagnosis / Rowena NG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-6 (June 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-6 (June 2019) . - p.2589-2596 Titre : Brief Report: Neuropsychological Testing and Informant-Ratings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, or Comorbid Diagnosis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rowena NG, Auteur ; Kimberley HEINRICH, Auteur ; Elise K. HODGES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2589-2596 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  Autism spectrum disorder  Comorbid diagnosis  Multidisciplinary evaluation  Neuropsychological functioning  Social functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study aimed to examine the neuropsychological correlates of child patients diagnosed with ADHD, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), or comorbid ASD + ADHD through a multidisciplinary ASD evaluation clinic. Patients completed standardized tests of intellectual, attention, social-affective/cognitive, and executive functioning; and a semi-structured assessment commonly used for autism diagnosis. The majority of patients were medicated for ADHD concerns during testing. Parents and teachers also completed inventories of day-to-day social and attentional functioning. Group effects were found across objective social measures but not across related respondent-ratings. In contrast, group differences were observed in parent-ratings of attention difficulties, but not on standardized tests of attention or executive functioning. Findings underscore importance of integrating objective and functional measures when assessing ASD and/or ADHD. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03986-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=400 [article] Brief Report: Neuropsychological Testing and Informant-Ratings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, or Comorbid Diagnosis [texte imprimé] / Rowena NG, Auteur ; Kimberley HEINRICH, Auteur ; Elise K. HODGES, Auteur . - p.2589-2596. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-6 (June 2019) . - p.2589-2596 Mots-clés : Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder  Autism spectrum disorder  Comorbid diagnosis  Multidisciplinary evaluation  Neuropsychological functioning  Social functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study aimed to examine the neuropsychological correlates of child patients diagnosed with ADHD, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), or comorbid ASD + ADHD through a multidisciplinary ASD evaluation clinic. Patients completed standardized tests of intellectual, attention, social-affective/cognitive, and executive functioning; and a semi-structured assessment commonly used for autism diagnosis. The majority of patients were medicated for ADHD concerns during testing. Parents and teachers also completed inventories of day-to-day social and attentional functioning. Group effects were found across objective social measures but not across related respondent-ratings. In contrast, group differences were observed in parent-ratings of attention difficulties, but not on standardized tests of attention or executive functioning. Findings underscore importance of integrating objective and functional measures when assessing ASD and/or ADHD. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03986-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=400

Epigenetics of cognition and behavior: insights from Mendelian disorders of epigenetic machinery / Rowena NG in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 15 (2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 15 (2023) Titre : Epigenetics of cognition and behavior: insights from Mendelian disorders of epigenetic machinery Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rowena NG, Auteur ; Allison KALINOUSKY, Auteur ; Jacqueline HARRIS, Auteur Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Epigenesis, Genetic  Cognition  Behavior  Epigenetics  Neurodevelopment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Epigenetics, one mechanism by which gene expression can change without any changes to the DNA sequence, was described nearly a century ago. However, the importance of epigenetic processes to neurodevelopment and higher order neurological functions like cognition and behavior is only now being realized. A group of disorders known as the Mendelian disorders of the epigenetic machinery are caused by the altered function of epigenetic machinery proteins, which consequently affects downstream expression of many genes. These disorders almost universally have cognitive dysfunction and behavioral issues as core features. Here, we review what is known about the neurodevelopmental phenotypes of some key examples of these disorders divided into categories based on the underlying function of the affected protein. Understanding these Mendelian disorders of the epigenetic machinery can illuminate the role of epigenetic regulation in typical brain function and can lead to future therapies and better management for a host of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychological disorders. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-023-09482-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=575 [article] Epigenetics of cognition and behavior: insights from Mendelian disorders of epigenetic machinery [texte imprimé] / Rowena NG, Auteur ; Allison KALINOUSKY, Auteur ; Jacqueline HARRIS, Auteur. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 15 (2023) Mots-clés : Epigenesis, Genetic  Cognition  Behavior  Epigenetics  Neurodevelopment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Epigenetics, one mechanism by which gene expression can change without any changes to the DNA sequence, was described nearly a century ago. However, the importance of epigenetic processes to neurodevelopment and higher order neurological functions like cognition and behavior is only now being realized. A group of disorders known as the Mendelian disorders of the epigenetic machinery are caused by the altered function of epigenetic machinery proteins, which consequently affects downstream expression of many genes. These disorders almost universally have cognitive dysfunction and behavioral issues as core features. Here, we review what is known about the neurodevelopmental phenotypes of some key examples of these disorders divided into categories based on the underlying function of the affected protein. Understanding these Mendelian disorders of the epigenetic machinery can illuminate the role of epigenetic regulation in typical brain function and can lead to future therapies and better management for a host of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychological disorders. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-023-09482-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=575

Expanding the Neuropsychological Phenotype of KAT6B Disorders: Overlapping Features with KAT6A Syndrome / Rowena NG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 55-12 (December 2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-12 (December 2025) . - p.4337-4346 Titre : Expanding the Neuropsychological Phenotype of KAT6B Disorders: Overlapping Features with KAT6A Syndrome Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Rowena NG, Auteur ; Allison KALINOUSKY, Auteur ; Jacqueline HARRIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4337-4346 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : KAT6B and KAT6A belong to the MYST family of lysine acetyltransferases, and regulate gene expression via histone modification. Although both proteins share similar structure and epigenetic regulatory functions, it remains unclear if KAT6A/6B mutation disorders, both very rare conditions, yield the same neurocognitive presentation and thus benefit from similar treatment approaches. This study provides a preliminary overview of neuropsychological functioning of 13 individuals with KAT6B disorder (Mean age = 9.01 years, SD = 5.46), which was compared to that of a recently published sample of 15 individuals with KAT6A syndrome (Mean age = 10.32 years, SD = 4.12). Participants completed a neuropsychological test battery to assess non-verbal cognition, and caregivers completed a series of standardized rating inventories to assess daily behavioral functioning. Results reveal those with KAT6B disorders present with severe adaptive deficits (92.3%) and autism-related behaviors (83.3%), juxtaposed with relatively low concerns with externalizing behaviors (7.6%), a pattern shared by the KAT6A group. Those with KAT6B disorders present with high levels of autistic features, including reduced affiliative interest, whereas social motivation is less affected within the KAT6A group. Overall, the levels of impairment in nonverbal cognition and receptive language were comparable among those with KAT6B disorders, a trend also seen in the KAT6A group. In brief, KAT6B and KAT6A disorders yield analogous neuropsychological profiles. Findings implicate common molecular pathophysiological mechanisms for these epigenetic disorders, such that similar therapies may have shared effect across diseases. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06500-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=572 [article] Expanding the Neuropsychological Phenotype of KAT6B Disorders: Overlapping Features with KAT6A Syndrome [texte imprimé] / Rowena NG, Auteur ; Allison KALINOUSKY, Auteur ; Jacqueline HARRIS, Auteur . - p.4337-4346. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 55-12 (December 2025) . - p.4337-4346 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : KAT6B and KAT6A belong to the MYST family of lysine acetyltransferases, and regulate gene expression via histone modification. Although both proteins share similar structure and epigenetic regulatory functions, it remains unclear if KAT6A/6B mutation disorders, both very rare conditions, yield the same neurocognitive presentation and thus benefit from similar treatment approaches. This study provides a preliminary overview of neuropsychological functioning of 13 individuals with KAT6B disorder (Mean age = 9.01 years, SD = 5.46), which was compared to that of a recently published sample of 15 individuals with KAT6A syndrome (Mean age = 10.32 years, SD = 4.12). Participants completed a neuropsychological test battery to assess non-verbal cognition, and caregivers completed a series of standardized rating inventories to assess daily behavioral functioning. Results reveal those with KAT6B disorders present with severe adaptive deficits (92.3%) and autism-related behaviors (83.3%), juxtaposed with relatively low concerns with externalizing behaviors (7.6%), a pattern shared by the KAT6A group. Those with KAT6B disorders present with high levels of autistic features, including reduced affiliative interest, whereas social motivation is less affected within the KAT6A group. Overall, the levels of impairment in nonverbal cognition and receptive language were comparable among those with KAT6B disorders, a trend also seen in the KAT6A group. In brief, KAT6B and KAT6A disorders yield analogous neuropsychological profiles. Findings implicate common molecular pathophysiological mechanisms for these epigenetic disorders, such that similar therapies may have shared effect across diseases. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-024-06500-5 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=572

Patterns of Sensitivity to Emotion in Children with Williams Syndrome and Autism: Relations Between Autonomic Nervous System Reactivity and Social Functioning / Anna JÄRVINEN in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45-8 (August 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-8 (August 2015) . - p.2594-2612 Titre : Patterns of Sensitivity to Emotion in Children with Williams Syndrome and Autism: Relations Between Autonomic Nervous System Reactivity and Social Functioning Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Anna JÄRVINEN, Auteur ; Rowena NG, Auteur ; Davide CRIVELLI, Auteur ; Dirk NEUMANN, Auteur ; Mark GRICHANIK, Auteur ; Andrew J. ARNOLD, Auteur ; Philip LAI, Auteur ; Doris TRAUNER, Auteur ; Ursula BELLUGI, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : p.2594-2612 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autonomic nervous system  Emotion  Autism spectrum disorder  Williams syndrome  Social behavior  Social functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Williams syndrome (WS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are associated with atypical social-emotional functioning. Affective visual stimuli were used to assess autonomic reactivity and emotion identification, and the social responsiveness scale was used to determine the level social functioning in children with WS and ASD contrasted with typical development (TD), to examine syndrome-specific and syndrome-general features. Children with ASD exhibited the highest arousal in response to faces, with a lack of difference in autonomic sensitivity across different emotional expressions, unlike in WS and TD. The WS group demonstrated unique deficits in identifying neutral stimuli. While autonomic responsivity to neutral faces was associated with social functioning in all children, converging profiles characterized children with WS contrasted with TD and ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2429-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=263 [article] Patterns of Sensitivity to Emotion in Children with Williams Syndrome and Autism: Relations Between Autonomic Nervous System Reactivity and Social Functioning [texte imprimé] / Anna JÄRVINEN, Auteur ; Rowena NG, Auteur ; Davide CRIVELLI, Auteur ; Dirk NEUMANN, Auteur ; Mark GRICHANIK, Auteur ; Andrew J. ARNOLD, Auteur ; Philip LAI, Auteur ; Doris TRAUNER, Auteur ; Ursula BELLUGI, Auteur . - 2015 . - p.2594-2612. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 45-8 (August 2015) . - p.2594-2612 Mots-clés : Autonomic nervous system  Emotion  Autism spectrum disorder  Williams syndrome  Social behavior  Social functioning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Williams syndrome (WS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are associated with atypical social-emotional functioning. Affective visual stimuli were used to assess autonomic reactivity and emotion identification, and the social responsiveness scale was used to determine the level social functioning in children with WS and ASD contrasted with typical development (TD), to examine syndrome-specific and syndrome-general features. Children with ASD exhibited the highest arousal in response to faces, with a lack of difference in autonomic sensitivity across different emotional expressions, unlike in WS and TD. The WS group demonstrated unique deficits in identifying neutral stimuli. While autonomic responsivity to neutral faces was associated with social functioning in all children, converging profiles characterized children with WS contrasted with TD and ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2429-2 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=263

The neurobiology of self-processing in abused depressed adolescents / Karina QUEVEDO in Development and Psychopathology, 29-3 (August 2017)  

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