EEG hyper-connectivity in high-risk infants is associated with later autism / Elena V. OREKHOVA in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 6-1 (December 2014)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.40 Titre : EEG hyper-connectivity in high-risk infants is associated with later autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Elena V. OREKHOVA, Auteur ; M. ELSABBAGH, Auteur ; E. J. JONES, Auteur ; G. DAWSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.40 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Alpha  Autism spectrum disorders  Connectivity  Eeg  Infants  Siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: It has been previously reported that structural and functional brain connectivity in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is atypical and may vary with age. However, to date, no measures of functional connectivity measured within the first 2 years have specifically associated with a later ASD diagnosis. METHODS: In the present study, we analyzed functional brain connectivity in 14-month-old infants at high and low familial risk for ASD using electroencephalography (EEG). EEG was recorded while infants attended to videos. Connectivity was assessed using debiased weighted phase lag index (dbWPLI). At 36 months, the high-risk infants were assessed for symptoms of ASD. RESULTS: As a group, high-risk infants who were later diagnosed with ASD demonstrated elevated phase-lagged alpha-range connectivity as compared to both low-risk infants and high-risk infants who did not go on to ASD. Hyper-connectivity was most prominent over frontal and central areas. The degree of hyper-connectivity at 14 months strongly correlated with the severity of restricted and repetitive behaviors in participants with ASD at 3 years. These effects were not attributable to differences in behavior during the EEG session or to differences in spectral power. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that early hyper-connectivity in the alpha frequency range is an important feature of the ASD neurophysiological phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-40 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347 [article] EEG hyper-connectivity in high-risk infants is associated with later autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Elena V. OREKHOVA, Auteur ; M. ELSABBAGH, Auteur ; E. J. JONES, Auteur ; G. DAWSON, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur . - p.40. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 6-1 (December 2014) . - p.40 Mots-clés : Alpha  Autism spectrum disorders  Connectivity  Eeg  Infants  Siblings Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: It has been previously reported that structural and functional brain connectivity in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is atypical and may vary with age. However, to date, no measures of functional connectivity measured within the first 2 years have specifically associated with a later ASD diagnosis. METHODS: In the present study, we analyzed functional brain connectivity in 14-month-old infants at high and low familial risk for ASD using electroencephalography (EEG). EEG was recorded while infants attended to videos. Connectivity was assessed using debiased weighted phase lag index (dbWPLI). At 36 months, the high-risk infants were assessed for symptoms of ASD. RESULTS: As a group, high-risk infants who were later diagnosed with ASD demonstrated elevated phase-lagged alpha-range connectivity as compared to both low-risk infants and high-risk infants who did not go on to ASD. Hyper-connectivity was most prominent over frontal and central areas. The degree of hyper-connectivity at 14 months strongly correlated with the severity of restricted and repetitive behaviors in participants with ASD at 3 years. These effects were not attributable to differences in behavior during the EEG session or to differences in spectral power. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that early hyper-connectivity in the alpha frequency range is an important feature of the ASD neurophysiological phenotype. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-6-40 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=347

Erratum to: Sex differences in the association between infant markers and later autistic traits / Rachael BEDFORD in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 33p. Titre : Erratum to: Sex differences in the association between infant markers and later autistic traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; E. J. JONES, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; A. PICKLES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 33p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0094-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328 [article] Erratum to: Sex differences in the association between infant markers and later autistic traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; E. J. JONES, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; A. PICKLES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur . - 33p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 33p. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0094-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328

Reduced engagement with social stimuli in 6-month-old infants with later autism spectrum disorder: a longitudinal prospective study of infants at high familial risk / E. J. JONES in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 8-1 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 8-1 (December 2016) . - p.7 Titre : Reduced engagement with social stimuli in 6-month-old infants with later autism spectrum disorder: a longitudinal prospective study of infants at high familial risk Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : E. J. JONES, Auteur ; K. VENEMA, Auteur ; R. EARL, Auteur ; R. LOWY, Auteur ; K. BARNES, Auteur ; A. ESTES, Auteur ; G. DAWSON, Auteur ; S. J. WEBB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.7 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asd  Event-related potential  Habituation  Social attention  Social information processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects more than 1 % of the population and close to 20 % of prospectively studied infants with an older sibling with ASD. Although significant progress has been made in characterizing the emergence of behavioral symptoms of ASD, far less is known about the underlying disruptions to early learning. Recent models suggest that core aspects of the causal path to ASD may only be apparent in early infancy. Here, we investigated social attention in 6- and 12-month-old infants who did and did not meet criteria for ASD at 24 months using both cognitive and electrophysiological methods. We hypothesized that a reduction in attention engagement to faces would be associated with later ASD. METHODS: In a prospective longitudinal design, we used measures of both visual attention (habituation) and brain function (event-related potentials to faces and objects) at 6 and 12 months and investigated the relationship to ASD outcome at 24 months. RESULTS: High-risk infants who met criteria for ASD at 24 months showed shorter epochs of visual attention, faster but less prolonged neural activation to faces, and delayed sensitization responses (increases in looking) to faces at 6 months; these differences were less apparent at 12 months. These findings are consistent with disrupted engagement of sustained attention to social stimuli. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that there may be fundamental early disruptions to attention engagement that may have cascading consequences for later social functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-016-9139-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=348 [article] Reduced engagement with social stimuli in 6-month-old infants with later autism spectrum disorder: a longitudinal prospective study of infants at high familial risk [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / E. J. JONES, Auteur ; K. VENEMA, Auteur ; R. EARL, Auteur ; R. LOWY, Auteur ; K. BARNES, Auteur ; A. ESTES, Auteur ; G. DAWSON, Auteur ; S. J. WEBB, Auteur . - p.7. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 8-1 (December 2016) . - p.7 Mots-clés : Asd  Event-related potential  Habituation  Social attention  Social information processing Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects more than 1 % of the population and close to 20 % of prospectively studied infants with an older sibling with ASD. Although significant progress has been made in characterizing the emergence of behavioral symptoms of ASD, far less is known about the underlying disruptions to early learning. Recent models suggest that core aspects of the causal path to ASD may only be apparent in early infancy. Here, we investigated social attention in 6- and 12-month-old infants who did and did not meet criteria for ASD at 24 months using both cognitive and electrophysiological methods. We hypothesized that a reduction in attention engagement to faces would be associated with later ASD. METHODS: In a prospective longitudinal design, we used measures of both visual attention (habituation) and brain function (event-related potentials to faces and objects) at 6 and 12 months and investigated the relationship to ASD outcome at 24 months. RESULTS: High-risk infants who met criteria for ASD at 24 months showed shorter epochs of visual attention, faster but less prolonged neural activation to faces, and delayed sensitization responses (increases in looking) to faces at 6 months; these differences were less apparent at 12 months. These findings are consistent with disrupted engagement of sustained attention to social stimuli. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that there may be fundamental early disruptions to attention engagement that may have cascading consequences for later social functioning. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-016-9139-8 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=348

Sex differences in the association between infant markers and later autistic traits / Rachael BEDFORD in Molecular Autism, 7 (2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 21p. Titre : Sex differences in the association between infant markers and later autistic traits Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; E. J. JONES, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; A. PICKLES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 21p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention/physiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/pathology  Female  Fixation, Ocular/physiology  Humans  Infant  Male  Phenotype  Risk Factors  Severity of Illness Index  Sex Factors  Siblings  Surveys and Questionnaires  Video Recording  Autism  Differential liability  High risk  Infants  Sex difference Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Although it is well established that the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is higher in males than females, there is relatively little understanding of the underlying mechanisms and their developmental time course. Sex-specific protective or risk factors have often been invoked to explain these differences, but such factors are yet to be identified. METHODS: We take a developmental approach, using a prospective sample of 104 infants at high and low familial risk for ASD, to characterise sex differences in infant markers known to predict emerging autism symptoms. We examine three markers previously shown to be associated with later autistic social-communication symptoms: the Autism Observation Scale for Infants (AOSI) total score, attention disengagement speed and gaze following behaviour. Our aim was to test whether sex differences were already present in these markers at 1 year of age, which would suggest sex-specific mechanisms of risk or protection. RESULTS: While no sex differences were found in any of the three markers investigated, we found sex differences in their relationship to 3-year autism traits; all three markers significantly predicted later autism traits only in the boys. CONCLUSIONS: Previously identified 'early autism markers' were associated with later autism symptoms only in boys. This suggests that there may be additional moderating risk or protective factors which remain to be identified. Our findings have important implications for prospective studies in terms of directly testing for the moderating effect of sex on emerging autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0081-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328 [article] Sex differences in the association between infant markers and later autistic traits [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachael BEDFORD, Auteur ; E. J. JONES, Auteur ; M. H. JOHNSON, Auteur ; A. PICKLES, Auteur ; Tony CHARMAN, Auteur ; T. GLIGA, Auteur . - 21p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 7 (2016) . - 21p. Mots-clés : Attention/physiology  Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis/pathology  Female  Fixation, Ocular/physiology  Humans  Infant  Male  Phenotype  Risk Factors  Severity of Illness Index  Sex Factors  Siblings  Surveys and Questionnaires  Video Recording  Autism  Differential liability  High risk  Infants  Sex difference Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Although it is well established that the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is higher in males than females, there is relatively little understanding of the underlying mechanisms and their developmental time course. Sex-specific protective or risk factors have often been invoked to explain these differences, but such factors are yet to be identified. METHODS: We take a developmental approach, using a prospective sample of 104 infants at high and low familial risk for ASD, to characterise sex differences in infant markers known to predict emerging autism symptoms. We examine three markers previously shown to be associated with later autistic social-communication symptoms: the Autism Observation Scale for Infants (AOSI) total score, attention disengagement speed and gaze following behaviour. Our aim was to test whether sex differences were already present in these markers at 1 year of age, which would suggest sex-specific mechanisms of risk or protection. RESULTS: While no sex differences were found in any of the three markers investigated, we found sex differences in their relationship to 3-year autism traits; all three markers significantly predicted later autism traits only in the boys. CONCLUSIONS: Previously identified 'early autism markers' were associated with later autism symptoms only in boys. This suggests that there may be additional moderating risk or protective factors which remain to be identified. Our findings have important implications for prospective studies in terms of directly testing for the moderating effect of sex on emerging autistic traits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-016-0081-0 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=328

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