Cerebrospinal fluid and the early brain development of autism / M. D. SHEN in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 10-1 (December 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 10-1 (December 2018) . - 39 p. Titre : Cerebrospinal fluid and the early brain development of autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. D. SHEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : 39 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Biomarkers  Brain development  Brain enlargement  Cerebrospinal fluid  Early risk signs  Extra-axial cerebrospinal fluid  Glymphatic system  Heterogeneity  Infancy  Lateral ventricles  Neural meningeal lymphatic system  Neuroinflammation  Stratification biomarker Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: There is currently a renaissance of interest in the many functions of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Altered flow of CSF, for example, has been shown to impair the clearance of pathogenic inflammatory proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyloid-beta. In addition, the role of CSF in the newly discovered lymphatic system of the brain has become a prominently researched area in clinical neuroscience, as CSF serves as a conduit between the central nervous system and immune system. MAIN BODY: This article will review the importance of CSF in regulating normal brain development and function, from the prenatal period throughout the lifespan, and highlight recent research that CSF abnormalities in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are present in infancy, are detectable by conventional structural MRI, and could serve as an early indicator of altered neurodevelopment. CONCLUSION: The identification of early CSF abnormalities in children with ASD, along with emerging knowledge of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms, has the potential to serve as early stratification biomarkers that separate children with ASD into biological subtypes that share a common pathophysiology. Such subtypes could help parse the phenotypic heterogeneity of ASD and map on to targeted, biologically based treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-018-9256-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386 [article] Cerebrospinal fluid and the early brain development of autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. D. SHEN, Auteur . - 2018 . - 39 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 10-1 (December 2018) . - 39 p. Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorder  Biomarkers  Brain development  Brain enlargement  Cerebrospinal fluid  Early risk signs  Extra-axial cerebrospinal fluid  Glymphatic system  Heterogeneity  Infancy  Lateral ventricles  Neural meningeal lymphatic system  Neuroinflammation  Stratification biomarker Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: There is currently a renaissance of interest in the many functions of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Altered flow of CSF, for example, has been shown to impair the clearance of pathogenic inflammatory proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyloid-beta. In addition, the role of CSF in the newly discovered lymphatic system of the brain has become a prominently researched area in clinical neuroscience, as CSF serves as a conduit between the central nervous system and immune system. MAIN BODY: This article will review the importance of CSF in regulating normal brain development and function, from the prenatal period throughout the lifespan, and highlight recent research that CSF abnormalities in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are present in infancy, are detectable by conventional structural MRI, and could serve as an early indicator of altered neurodevelopment. CONCLUSION: The identification of early CSF abnormalities in children with ASD, along with emerging knowledge of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms, has the potential to serve as early stratification biomarkers that separate children with ASD into biological subtypes that share a common pathophysiology. Such subtypes could help parse the phenotypic heterogeneity of ASD and map on to targeted, biologically based treatments. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-018-9256-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=386

Early language exposure supports later language skills in infants with and without autism / M. R. SWANSON in Autism Research, 12-12 (December)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 12-12 (December) . - p.1784-1795 Titre : Early language exposure supports later language skills in infants with and without autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : M. R. SWANSON, Auteur ; K. DONOVAN, Auteur ; S. PATERSON, Auteur ; J. J. WOLFF, Auteur ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS, Auteur ; S. S. MEERA, Auteur ; Linda R. WATSON, Auteur ; A. M. ESTES, Auteur ; N. MARRUS, Auteur ; J. T. ELISON, Auteur ; M. D. SHEN, Auteur ; H. B. MCNEILLY, Auteur ; L. MACINTYRE, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; T. ST JOHN, Auteur ; Kelly N. BOTTERON, Auteur ; Stephen R. DAGER, Auteur ; J. PIVEN, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : p.1784-1795 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asd  caregiver speech  high familial risk  home language environment  infancy  language  socioeconomic status Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The way that parents communicate with their typically developing infants is associated with later infant language development. Here we aim to show that these associations are observed in infants subsequently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study had three groups: high-familial-risk infants who did not have ASD (n = 46); high-familial-risk infants who had ASD (n = 14); and low-familial-risk infants who exhibited typical development (n = 36). All-day home language recordings were collected at 9 and 15 months, and language skills were assessed at 24 months. Across all infants in the study, including those with ASD, a richer home language environment (e.g., hearing more adult words and experiencing more conversational turns) at 9 and 15 months was associated with better language skills. Higher parental educational attainment was associated with a richer home language environment. Mediation analyses showed that the effect of education on child language skills was explained by the richness of the home language environment. Exploratory analyses revealed that typically developing infants experience an increase in caregiver-child conversational turns across 9-15 months, a pattern not seen in children with ASD. The current study shows that parent behavior during the earliest stages of life can have a significant impact on later development, highlighting the home language environment as means to support development in infants with ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1784-1795. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: It has long been understood that caregiver speech supports language skills in typically developing infants. In this study, parents of infants who were later diagnosed with ASD and parents of infants in the control groups completed all-day home language recordings. We found that for all infants in our study, those who heard more caregiver speech had better language skills later in life. Parental education level was also related to how much caregiver speech an infant experienced. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2163 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413 [article] Early language exposure supports later language skills in infants with and without autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / M. R. SWANSON, Auteur ; K. DONOVAN, Auteur ; S. PATERSON, Auteur ; J. J. WOLFF, Auteur ; Julia PARISH-MORRIS, Auteur ; S. S. MEERA, Auteur ; Linda R. WATSON, Auteur ; A. M. ESTES, Auteur ; N. MARRUS, Auteur ; J. T. ELISON, Auteur ; M. D. SHEN, Auteur ; H. B. MCNEILLY, Auteur ; L. MACINTYRE, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; T. ST JOHN, Auteur ; Kelly N. BOTTERON, Auteur ; Stephen R. DAGER, Auteur ; J. PIVEN, Auteur . - 2019 . - p.1784-1795. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 12-12 (December) . - p.1784-1795 Mots-clés : Asd  caregiver speech  high familial risk  home language environment  infancy  language  socioeconomic status Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The way that parents communicate with their typically developing infants is associated with later infant language development. Here we aim to show that these associations are observed in infants subsequently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study had three groups: high-familial-risk infants who did not have ASD (n = 46); high-familial-risk infants who had ASD (n = 14); and low-familial-risk infants who exhibited typical development (n = 36). All-day home language recordings were collected at 9 and 15 months, and language skills were assessed at 24 months. Across all infants in the study, including those with ASD, a richer home language environment (e.g., hearing more adult words and experiencing more conversational turns) at 9 and 15 months was associated with better language skills. Higher parental educational attainment was associated with a richer home language environment. Mediation analyses showed that the effect of education on child language skills was explained by the richness of the home language environment. Exploratory analyses revealed that typically developing infants experience an increase in caregiver-child conversational turns across 9-15 months, a pattern not seen in children with ASD. The current study shows that parent behavior during the earliest stages of life can have a significant impact on later development, highlighting the home language environment as means to support development in infants with ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1784-1795. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: It has long been understood that caregiver speech supports language skills in typically developing infants. In this study, parents of infants who were later diagnosed with ASD and parents of infants in the control groups completed all-day home language recordings. We found that for all infants in our study, those who heard more caregiver speech had better language skills later in life. Parental education level was also related to how much caregiver speech an infant experienced. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2163 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=413

Methods for acquiring MRI data in children with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual impairment without the use of sedation / Christine W. NORDAHL in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 8-1 (December 2016)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 8-1 (December 2016) . - p.20 Titre : Methods for acquiring MRI data in children with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual impairment without the use of sedation Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; M. MELLO, Auteur ; A. M. SHEN, Auteur ; M. D. SHEN, Auteur ; Laurie A. VISMARA, Auteur ; D. LI, Auteur ; K. HARRINGTON, Auteur ; C. TANASE, Auteur ; Beth GOODLIN-JONES, Auteur ; S. ROGERS, Auteur ; Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.20 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Applied behavior analysis  Brain  Compliance  Intellectual disability  Low-functioning autism  Mri  Neurodevelopment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been widely used in studies evaluating the neuropathology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Studies are often limited, however, to higher functioning individuals with ASD. MRI studies of individuals with ASD and comorbid intellectual disability (ID) are lacking, due in part to the challenges of acquiring images without the use of sedation. METHODS: Utilizing principles of applied behavior analysis (ABA), we developed a protocol for acquiring structural MRI scans in school-aged children with ASD and intellectual impairment. Board certified behavior analysts worked closely with each child and their parent(s), utilizing behavior change techniques such as pairing, shaping, desensitization, and positive reinforcement, through a series of mock scanner visits to prepare the child for the MRI scan. An objective, quantitative assessment of motion artifact in T1- and diffusion-weighted scans was implemented to ensure that high-quality images were acquired. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 17 children with ASD who are participants in the UC Davis Autism Phenome Project, a longitudinal MRI study aimed at evaluating brain developmental trajectories from early to middle childhood. At the time of their initial scan (2-3.5 years), all 17 children had a diagnosis of ASD and development quotient (DQ) <70. At the time of the current scan (9-13 years), 13 participants continued to have IQs in the range of ID (mean IQ = 54.1, sd = 12.1), and four participants had IQs in the normal range (mean = 102.2, sd = 7.5). The success rate in acquiring T1-weighted images that met quality assurance for acceptable motion artifact was 100 %. The success rate for acquiring high-quality diffusion-weighted images was 94 %. CONCLUSIONS: By using principles of ABA in a research MRI setting, it is feasible to acquire high-quality images in school-aged children with ASD and intellectual impairment without the use of sedation. This is especially critical to ensure that ongoing longitudinal studies of brain development can extend from infancy and early childhood into middle childhood in children with ASD at all levels of functioning, including those with comorbid ID. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-016-9154-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=348 [article] Methods for acquiring MRI data in children with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual impairment without the use of sedation [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Christine W. NORDAHL, Auteur ; M. MELLO, Auteur ; A. M. SHEN, Auteur ; M. D. SHEN, Auteur ; Laurie A. VISMARA, Auteur ; D. LI, Auteur ; K. HARRINGTON, Auteur ; C. TANASE, Auteur ; Beth GOODLIN-JONES, Auteur ; S. ROGERS, Auteur ; Leonard ABBEDUTO, Auteur ; David G. AMARAL, Auteur . - p.20. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 8-1 (December 2016) . - p.20 Mots-clés : Applied behavior analysis  Brain  Compliance  Intellectual disability  Low-functioning autism  Mri  Neurodevelopment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been widely used in studies evaluating the neuropathology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Studies are often limited, however, to higher functioning individuals with ASD. MRI studies of individuals with ASD and comorbid intellectual disability (ID) are lacking, due in part to the challenges of acquiring images without the use of sedation. METHODS: Utilizing principles of applied behavior analysis (ABA), we developed a protocol for acquiring structural MRI scans in school-aged children with ASD and intellectual impairment. Board certified behavior analysts worked closely with each child and their parent(s), utilizing behavior change techniques such as pairing, shaping, desensitization, and positive reinforcement, through a series of mock scanner visits to prepare the child for the MRI scan. An objective, quantitative assessment of motion artifact in T1- and diffusion-weighted scans was implemented to ensure that high-quality images were acquired. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 17 children with ASD who are participants in the UC Davis Autism Phenome Project, a longitudinal MRI study aimed at evaluating brain developmental trajectories from early to middle childhood. At the time of their initial scan (2-3.5 years), all 17 children had a diagnosis of ASD and development quotient (DQ) <70. At the time of the current scan (9-13 years), 13 participants continued to have IQs in the range of ID (mean IQ = 54.1, sd = 12.1), and four participants had IQs in the normal range (mean = 102.2, sd = 7.5). The success rate in acquiring T1-weighted images that met quality assurance for acceptable motion artifact was 100 %. The success rate for acquiring high-quality diffusion-weighted images was 94 %. CONCLUSIONS: By using principles of ABA in a research MRI setting, it is feasible to acquire high-quality images in school-aged children with ASD and intellectual impairment without the use of sedation. This is especially critical to ensure that ongoing longitudinal studies of brain development can extend from infancy and early childhood into middle childhood in children with ASD at all levels of functioning, including those with comorbid ID. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s11689-016-9154-9 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=348

Neural circuitry at age 6 months associated with later repetitive behavior and sensory responsiveness in autism / J. J. WOLFF in Molecular Autism, 8 (2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 8p. Titre : Neural circuitry at age 6 months associated with later repetitive behavior and sensory responsiveness in autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. J. WOLFF, Auteur ; M. R. SWANSON, Auteur ; J. T. ELISON, Auteur ; G. GERIG, Auteur ; J. R. PRUETT, Auteur ; M. A. STYNER, Auteur ; C. VACHET, Auteur ; Kelly N. BOTTERON, Auteur ; Stephen R. DAGER, Auteur ; A. M. ESTES, Auteur ; Heather C. HAZLETT, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; M. D. SHEN, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; J. PIVEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 8p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging/*psychology  Brain/diagnostic imaging/*physiology  Brain Mapping/*methods  Child, Preschool  Diffusion Tensor Imaging/*methods  Female  Humans  Infant  Longitudinal Studies  Male  Stereotyped Behavior/*physiology  *Autism  *Diffusion tensor imaging  *Infant  *Longitudinal  *Repetitive behavior  *White matter Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Restricted and repetitive behaviors are defining features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Under revised diagnostic criteria for ASD, this behavioral domain now includes atypical responses to sensory stimuli. To date, little is known about the neural circuitry underlying these features of ASD early in life. METHODS: Longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging data were collected from 217 infants at high familial risk for ASD. Forty-four of these infants were diagnosed with ASD at age 2. Targeted cortical, cerebellar, and striatal white matter pathways were defined and measured at ages 6, 12, and 24 months. Dependent variables included the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised and the Sensory Experiences Questionnaire. RESULTS: Among children diagnosed with ASD, repetitive behaviors and sensory response patterns were strongly correlated, even when accounting for developmental level or social impairment. Longitudinal analyses indicated that the genu and cerebellar pathways were significantly associated with both repetitive behaviors and sensory responsiveness but not social deficits. At age 6 months, fractional anisotropy in the genu significantly predicted repetitive behaviors and sensory responsiveness at age 2. Cerebellar pathways significantly predicted later sensory responsiveness. Exploratory analyses suggested a possible disordinal interaction based on diagnostic status for the association between fractional anisotropy and repetitive behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that restricted and repetitive behaviors contributing to a diagnosis of ASD at age 2 years are associated with structural properties of callosal and cerebellar white matter pathways measured during infancy and toddlerhood. We further identified that repetitive behaviors and unusual sensory response patterns co-occur and share common brain-behavior relationships. These results were strikingly specific given the absence of association between targeted pathways and social deficits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0126-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=331 [article] Neural circuitry at age 6 months associated with later repetitive behavior and sensory responsiveness in autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. J. WOLFF, Auteur ; M. R. SWANSON, Auteur ; J. T. ELISON, Auteur ; G. GERIG, Auteur ; J. R. PRUETT, Auteur ; M. A. STYNER, Auteur ; C. VACHET, Auteur ; Kelly N. BOTTERON, Auteur ; Stephen R. DAGER, Auteur ; A. M. ESTES, Auteur ; Heather C. HAZLETT, Auteur ; Robert T. SCHULTZ, Auteur ; M. D. SHEN, Auteur ; Lonnie ZWAIGENBAUM, Auteur ; J. PIVEN, Auteur . - 8p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 8 (2017) . - 8p. Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging/*psychology  Brain/diagnostic imaging/*physiology  Brain Mapping/*methods  Child, Preschool  Diffusion Tensor Imaging/*methods  Female  Humans  Infant  Longitudinal Studies  Male  Stereotyped Behavior/*physiology  *Autism  *Diffusion tensor imaging  *Infant  *Longitudinal  *Repetitive behavior  *White matter Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Restricted and repetitive behaviors are defining features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Under revised diagnostic criteria for ASD, this behavioral domain now includes atypical responses to sensory stimuli. To date, little is known about the neural circuitry underlying these features of ASD early in life. METHODS: Longitudinal diffusion tensor imaging data were collected from 217 infants at high familial risk for ASD. Forty-four of these infants were diagnosed with ASD at age 2. Targeted cortical, cerebellar, and striatal white matter pathways were defined and measured at ages 6, 12, and 24 months. Dependent variables included the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised and the Sensory Experiences Questionnaire. RESULTS: Among children diagnosed with ASD, repetitive behaviors and sensory response patterns were strongly correlated, even when accounting for developmental level or social impairment. Longitudinal analyses indicated that the genu and cerebellar pathways were significantly associated with both repetitive behaviors and sensory responsiveness but not social deficits. At age 6 months, fractional anisotropy in the genu significantly predicted repetitive behaviors and sensory responsiveness at age 2. Cerebellar pathways significantly predicted later sensory responsiveness. Exploratory analyses suggested a possible disordinal interaction based on diagnostic status for the association between fractional anisotropy and repetitive behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that restricted and repetitive behaviors contributing to a diagnosis of ASD at age 2 years are associated with structural properties of callosal and cerebellar white matter pathways measured during infancy and toddlerhood. We further identified that repetitive behaviors and unusual sensory response patterns co-occur and share common brain-behavior relationships. These results were strikingly specific given the absence of association between targeted pathways and social deficits. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-017-0126-z Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=331

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