Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Ji S. HONG in Autism Research, 14-1 (January 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 14-1 (January 2021) . - p.182-192 Titre : Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Ji S. HONG, Auteur ; Vini SINGH, Auteur ; Luke G. KALB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.182-192 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  early childhood  psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The purpose of the current study was to examine the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), child and parent-related demographic and clinical correlates of ADHD symptoms, and the relationships between co-occurring mental health problems and ADHD symptoms. Data for this cross-sectional study came from 979 toddlers and preschoolers, ages 1.5-5 years, with ASD. The primary outcome, ADHD symptoms, was measured using the Child Behavior Check List 1.5-5 (CBCL). Additional information from the medical record included demographics, parenting stress, and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule Second Edition. Descriptive and bivariate (ANOVA, Chi-Square) statistics and multivariate, multinomial regression analyses were used to examine demographic and clinical differences between low, moderate, and high ADHD symptom groups, as defined by 2 ADHD-related subscales. There were 418 (43%) children in the low ADHD symptom group, 294 (30%) in the moderate ADHD symptom group, and 267 (27%) in the high ADHD symptom group. Those with high ADHD symptoms were less likely to be Black or Hispanic and less likely to have parents with a graduate-level education compared to those with low ADHD symptoms. Parenting stress and all CBCL DSM-oriented subscales were positively associated with increasing ADHD symptoms. Among young children with ASD, ADHD symptoms were highly prevalent. The presence of ADHD symptoms was associated with increasing parenting stress and greater levels of other psychopathologies. These data suggest that young children with ASD should be evaluated for ADHD, and mental health as a whole. LAY SUMMARY: We investigated attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in toddlers and preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from a large sample with diverse race and socioeconomic background. In our study, we found that ADHD symptoms are highly prevalent in young children with ASD and are associated with increasing parenting stress and greater level of other psychopathologies, both internalizing and externalizing problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2414 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441 [article] Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder [texte imprimé] / Ji S. HONG, Auteur ; Vini SINGH, Auteur ; Luke G. KALB, Auteur . - p.182-192. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 14-1 (January 2021) . - p.182-192 Mots-clés : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorder  early childhood  psychopathology Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The purpose of the current study was to examine the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms among young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), child and parent-related demographic and clinical correlates of ADHD symptoms, and the relationships between co-occurring mental health problems and ADHD symptoms. Data for this cross-sectional study came from 979 toddlers and preschoolers, ages 1.5-5 years, with ASD. The primary outcome, ADHD symptoms, was measured using the Child Behavior Check List 1.5-5 (CBCL). Additional information from the medical record included demographics, parenting stress, and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule Second Edition. Descriptive and bivariate (ANOVA, Chi-Square) statistics and multivariate, multinomial regression analyses were used to examine demographic and clinical differences between low, moderate, and high ADHD symptom groups, as defined by 2 ADHD-related subscales. There were 418 (43%) children in the low ADHD symptom group, 294 (30%) in the moderate ADHD symptom group, and 267 (27%) in the high ADHD symptom group. Those with high ADHD symptoms were less likely to be Black or Hispanic and less likely to have parents with a graduate-level education compared to those with low ADHD symptoms. Parenting stress and all CBCL DSM-oriented subscales were positively associated with increasing ADHD symptoms. Among young children with ASD, ADHD symptoms were highly prevalent. The presence of ADHD symptoms was associated with increasing parenting stress and greater levels of other psychopathologies. These data suggest that young children with ASD should be evaluated for ADHD, and mental health as a whole. LAY SUMMARY: We investigated attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in toddlers and preschoolers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from a large sample with diverse race and socioeconomic background. In our study, we found that ADHD symptoms are highly prevalent in young children with ASD and are associated with increasing parenting stress and greater level of other psychopathologies, both internalizing and externalizing problems. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2414 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=441

Characteristics of psychiatric emergency department use among privately insured adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / Luke G. KALB in Autism, 23-3 (April 2019)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 23-3 (April 2019) . - p.566-573 Titre : Characteristics of psychiatric emergency department use among privately insured adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Luke G. KALB, Auteur ; Elizabeth A. STUART, Auteur ; Roma A. VASA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.566-573 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorders  crisis  emergency  health services Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined differences in the rates of psychiatric-related emergency department visits among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder, adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and adolescents without autism spectrum disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Additional outcomes included emergency department recidivism, probability of psychiatric hospitalization after the emergency department visit, and receipt of outpatient mental health services before and after the emergency department visit. Data came from privately insured adolescents, aged 12-17 years, with autism spectrum disorder (N = 46,323), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (N = 408,066), and neither diagnosis (N = 2,330,332), enrolled in the 2010-2013 MarketScan Commercial Claims Database. Adolescents with autism spectrum disorder had an increased rate of psychiatric emergency department visits compared to adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (IRR = 2.0, 95% confidence interval: 1.9, 2.1) and adolescents with neither diagnosis (IRR = 9.9, 95% confidence interval: 9.4, 10.4). Compared to the other groups, adolescents with autism spectrum disorder also had an increased probability of emergency department recidivism, psychiatric hospitalization after the emergency department visit, and receipt of outpatient care before and after the visit (all p < 0.001). Further research is required to understand whether these findings extend to youth with other neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly those who are publicly insured. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317749951 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=392 [article] Characteristics of psychiatric emergency department use among privately insured adolescents with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Luke G. KALB, Auteur ; Elizabeth A. STUART, Auteur ; Roma A. VASA, Auteur . - p.566-573. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 23-3 (April 2019) . - p.566-573 Mots-clés : attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  autism spectrum disorders  crisis  emergency  health services Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined differences in the rates of psychiatric-related emergency department visits among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder, adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and adolescents without autism spectrum disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Additional outcomes included emergency department recidivism, probability of psychiatric hospitalization after the emergency department visit, and receipt of outpatient mental health services before and after the emergency department visit. Data came from privately insured adolescents, aged 12-17 years, with autism spectrum disorder (N = 46,323), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (N = 408,066), and neither diagnosis (N = 2,330,332), enrolled in the 2010-2013 MarketScan Commercial Claims Database. Adolescents with autism spectrum disorder had an increased rate of psychiatric emergency department visits compared to adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (IRR = 2.0, 95% confidence interval: 1.9, 2.1) and adolescents with neither diagnosis (IRR = 9.9, 95% confidence interval: 9.4, 10.4). Compared to the other groups, adolescents with autism spectrum disorder also had an increased probability of emergency department recidivism, psychiatric hospitalization after the emergency department visit, and receipt of outpatient care before and after the visit (all p < 0.001). Further research is required to understand whether these findings extend to youth with other neurodevelopmental disorders, particularly those who are publicly insured. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361317749951 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=392

Investigating mental health crisis in youth with autism spectrum disorder / Roma A. VASA in Autism Research, 13-1 (January 2020)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.112-121 Titre : Investigating mental health crisis in youth with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Roma A. VASA, Auteur ; Louis P. HAGOPIAN, Auteur ; Luke G. KALB, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.112-121 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adolescents  children  mental health crisis  young adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence suggests that youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk for experiencing a mental health crisis. Yet, limited systematic research exists on this topic. This study examines the prevalence, phenomenology, and correlates of mental health crisis in children, adolescents, and young adults with ASD. Participants included 462 parents of individuals with ASD (83% male, 86% Caucasian, M = 13.7 years, SD = 4.7) who were enrolled in the Interactive Autism Network, a large online registry of families of individuals with ASD. Parents completed the Mental Health Crisis Assessment Scale, a psychometrically sound measure of mental health crisis for youth with ASD, as well as measures of parental depression, family quality of life, and mental health treatment history. Overall, 32% of parents reported that their child had experienced a mental health crisis during the last 3 months. In the younger group, elopement (88%) and self-injury (81%) were the most frequent behaviors contributing to crisis; physical (60%) and verbal (42%) aggression were the most frequent crisis behaviors in the older group. Correlates of crisis included younger age, increased parental depressive symptoms, and lower family quality of life. Approximately 75% of individuals in crisis had seen a psychiatrist or behavioral therapist/psychologist within the last 3 months and 25% were not engaged in any mental health treatment. In summary, mental health crises were quite prevalent in this online sample of youth with ASD. Identification and treatment of these serious events is critical to reduce morbidity in this population. Autism Res 2020, 13: 112-121. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study examines the prevalence and characteristics of mental health crisis in children, adolescents, and young adults with autism spectrum disorder. We found that 32% of individuals in our study had experienced a mental health crisis within the last 3 months. Younger age, increased parental depression, and lower quality of life were associated with crisis. These findings emphasize the importance of developing child and family-based interventions to prevent and treat the mental health crisis in this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2224 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415 [article] Investigating mental health crisis in youth with autism spectrum disorder [texte imprimé] / Roma A. VASA, Auteur ; Louis P. HAGOPIAN, Auteur ; Luke G. KALB, Auteur . - p.112-121. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 13-1 (January 2020) . - p.112-121 Mots-clés : adolescents  children  mental health crisis  young adults Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Evidence suggests that youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk for experiencing a mental health crisis. Yet, limited systematic research exists on this topic. This study examines the prevalence, phenomenology, and correlates of mental health crisis in children, adolescents, and young adults with ASD. Participants included 462 parents of individuals with ASD (83% male, 86% Caucasian, M = 13.7 years, SD = 4.7) who were enrolled in the Interactive Autism Network, a large online registry of families of individuals with ASD. Parents completed the Mental Health Crisis Assessment Scale, a psychometrically sound measure of mental health crisis for youth with ASD, as well as measures of parental depression, family quality of life, and mental health treatment history. Overall, 32% of parents reported that their child had experienced a mental health crisis during the last 3 months. In the younger group, elopement (88%) and self-injury (81%) were the most frequent behaviors contributing to crisis; physical (60%) and verbal (42%) aggression were the most frequent crisis behaviors in the older group. Correlates of crisis included younger age, increased parental depressive symptoms, and lower family quality of life. Approximately 75% of individuals in crisis had seen a psychiatrist or behavioral therapist/psychologist within the last 3 months and 25% were not engaged in any mental health treatment. In summary, mental health crises were quite prevalent in this online sample of youth with ASD. Identification and treatment of these serious events is critical to reduce morbidity in this population. Autism Res 2020, 13: 112-121. (c) 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study examines the prevalence and characteristics of mental health crisis in children, adolescents, and young adults with autism spectrum disorder. We found that 32% of individuals in our study had experienced a mental health crisis within the last 3 months. Younger age, increased parental depression, and lower quality of life were associated with crisis. These findings emphasize the importance of developing child and family-based interventions to prevent and treat the mental health crisis in this population. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2224 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=415

Parental concerns of children with ASD by age: A qualitative analysis / Danika PFEIFFER in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 86 (August 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inResearch in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 86 (August 2021) . - 101817 Titre : Parental concerns of children with ASD by age: A qualitative analysis Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Danika PFEIFFER, Auteur ; Calliope HOLINGUE, Auteur ; Emily DILLON, Auteur ; Luke G. KALB, Auteur ; Rachel REETZKE, Auteur ; Rebecca LANDA, Auteur Article en page(s) : 101817 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Parental concerns  Children  Age  Qualitative Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Eliciting parents’ concerns about their children is an important initial step in the ASD diagnostic process. This information is often collected through forced-choice questionnaires utilizing professional terminology and may limit the potential concerns that can be reported. Parent concern studies to date have largely used deductive qualitative methods with only one age group of children. Inductive qualitative studies are needed to examine parental concerns of children with ASD across age groups with one coding scheme. Method We used an inductive qualitative analysis process to analyze concerns reported by parents of children ages 1–11 years on intake forms (n = 455) at an urban outpatient ASD specialty clinic. Analyses were based on three age groups (toddler, preschooler, middle childhood). Results Using conventional content analysis, 12 categories of concerns emerged from parents’ responses: communication, social, behavioral/emotional, cognition, life skills, atypical behaviors, sensory, academic, health, seeking diagnostic clarity or resources, developmental, and motor skills. We found that parents reported the same concerns about their children across age groups in six of the 12 categories. The biggest difference in reported concerns across age groups was that parents of children in the preschooler and middle childhood groups reported a greater number of concerns related to mental health than parents of toddlers. Conclusion Our analysis yields specific information about similarities and differences in parents’ concerns depending on their child’s age. Ensuring that ASD evaluations are tailored to children’s unique needs has implications for timely diagnosis and access to care. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101817 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=458 [article] Parental concerns of children with ASD by age: A qualitative analysis [texte imprimé] / Danika PFEIFFER, Auteur ; Calliope HOLINGUE, Auteur ; Emily DILLON, Auteur ; Luke G. KALB, Auteur ; Rachel REETZKE, Auteur ; Rebecca LANDA, Auteur . - 101817. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders > 86 (August 2021) . - 101817 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  Parental concerns  Children  Age  Qualitative Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Eliciting parents’ concerns about their children is an important initial step in the ASD diagnostic process. This information is often collected through forced-choice questionnaires utilizing professional terminology and may limit the potential concerns that can be reported. Parent concern studies to date have largely used deductive qualitative methods with only one age group of children. Inductive qualitative studies are needed to examine parental concerns of children with ASD across age groups with one coding scheme. Method We used an inductive qualitative analysis process to analyze concerns reported by parents of children ages 1–11 years on intake forms (n = 455) at an urban outpatient ASD specialty clinic. Analyses were based on three age groups (toddler, preschooler, middle childhood). Results Using conventional content analysis, 12 categories of concerns emerged from parents’ responses: communication, social, behavioral/emotional, cognition, life skills, atypical behaviors, sensory, academic, health, seeking diagnostic clarity or resources, developmental, and motor skills. We found that parents reported the same concerns about their children across age groups in six of the 12 categories. The biggest difference in reported concerns across age groups was that parents of children in the preschooler and middle childhood groups reported a greater number of concerns related to mental health than parents of toddlers. Conclusion Our analysis yields specific information about similarities and differences in parents’ concerns depending on their child’s age. Ensuring that ASD evaluations are tailored to children’s unique needs has implications for timely diagnosis and access to care. En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2021.101817 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=458

Parental relationship status and age at autism spectrum disorder diagnosis of their child / Luke G. KALB in Autism, 25-8 (November 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism > 25-8 (November 2021) . - p.2189-2198 Titre : Parental relationship status and age at autism spectrum disorder diagnosis of their child Type de document : texte imprimé Auteurs : Luke G. KALB, Auteur ; Calliope HOLINGUE, Auteur ; Danika PFEIFFER, Auteur ; Rachel REETZKE, Auteur ; Emily DILLON, Auteur ; Gazi F. AZAD, Auteur ; Brian FREEDMAN, Auteur ; Rebecca LANDA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.2189-2198 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Child  Family  Humans  Parents  United States  autism spectrum disorders  diagnosis  family functioning and support  of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this  article. Conflict of interest: The authors have indicated they have no potential  conflicts of interest to disclose. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be diagnosed as early as 18 months of age. However, the average age at diagnosis in the United States is over 2 years later. A lot has been written about the many barriers families face when seeking a diagnosis for their child. One area of research that has received no attention is whether separation between a child's biological parents affects the age at which a child is diagnosed with ASD. This study was conducted among 561 children who were receiving an ASD diagnosis for the first time. On average, these children were 5 years of age. The study took place in an urban, outpatient specialty autism clinic in the United States. Biological parents self-reported their relationship status during the evaluation. This was categorized as either "together" (married or living together but not married) or "not together" (separated, divorced, or never married). At the time of diagnosis, most children's biological parents were together (69%). We found children of parents who were together were diagnosed 1.4 years earlier than those who were not together. These findings have important implications for providing support to families that separate early in a child's life, with the goal of reducing the age at ASD evaluation among single parents and those who have been separated from their child's other biological parent. Providing support to these families is important since earlier age at diagnosis leads to earlier intervention, which can improve long-term outcomes for the child, family, and community as a whole. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211013683 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=451 [article] Parental relationship status and age at autism spectrum disorder diagnosis of their child [texte imprimé] / Luke G. KALB, Auteur ; Calliope HOLINGUE, Auteur ; Danika PFEIFFER, Auteur ; Rachel REETZKE, Auteur ; Emily DILLON, Auteur ; Gazi F. AZAD, Auteur ; Brian FREEDMAN, Auteur ; Rebecca LANDA, Auteur . - p.2189-2198. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism > 25-8 (November 2021) . - p.2189-2198 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis  Child  Family  Humans  Parents  United States  autism spectrum disorders  diagnosis  family functioning and support  of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this  article. Conflict of interest: The authors have indicated they have no potential  conflicts of interest to disclose. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be diagnosed as early as 18 months of age. However, the average age at diagnosis in the United States is over 2 years later. A lot has been written about the many barriers families face when seeking a diagnosis for their child. One area of research that has received no attention is whether separation between a child's biological parents affects the age at which a child is diagnosed with ASD. This study was conducted among 561 children who were receiving an ASD diagnosis for the first time. On average, these children were 5 years of age. The study took place in an urban, outpatient specialty autism clinic in the United States. Biological parents self-reported their relationship status during the evaluation. This was categorized as either "together" (married or living together but not married) or "not together" (separated, divorced, or never married). At the time of diagnosis, most children's biological parents were together (69%). We found children of parents who were together were diagnosed 1.4 years earlier than those who were not together. These findings have important implications for providing support to families that separate early in a child's life, with the goal of reducing the age at ASD evaluation among single parents and those who have been separated from their child's other biological parent. Providing support to these families is important since earlier age at diagnosis leads to earlier intervention, which can improve long-term outcomes for the child, family, and community as a whole. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211013683 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=451

Psychiatric problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in children with autism spectrum disorder / Roma A. VASA in Autism Research, 14-10 (October 2021)  

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Psychological distress among caregivers raising a child with autism spectrum disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic / Luke G. KALB in Autism Research, 14-10 (October 2021)  

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Psychometric Evaluation of the Autism Spectrum Rating Scales (6-18 Years Parent Report) in a Clinical Sample / Ji Su HONG in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 54-3 (March 2024)  

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Quality of Life in School-Aged Youth Referred to an Autism Specialty Clinic: A Latent Profile Analysis / Gazi F. AZAD in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50-4 (April 2020)  

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Replication study for ADOS-2 cut-offs to assist evaluation of autism spectrum disorder / Ji Su HONG in Autism Research, 15-11 (November 2022)  

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