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Anthropomorphic tendencies in autism: A conceptual replication and extension of White and Remington (2019) and preliminary development of a novel anthropomorphism measure / Rachel A. CLUTTERBUCK in Autism, 26-4 (May 2022)
[article]
Titre : Anthropomorphic tendencies in autism: A conceptual replication and extension of White and Remington (2019) and preliminary development of a novel anthropomorphism measure Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Rachel A. CLUTTERBUCK, Auteur ; Punit SHAH, Auteur ; Hok Sze LEUNG, Auteur ; Mitchell J. CALLAN, Auteur ; Natalia GJERSOE, Auteur ; Lucy A. LIVINGSTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.940-950 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Emotions Humans Reproducibility of Results anthropomorphism autism personification social cognition theory of mind conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anthropomorphism is the tendency to attribute human-like qualities (e.g. thoughts and feelings) to non-human entities (e.g. objects and weather systems). Research by White and Remington (2019) suggested that anthropomorphism is more common in autistic compared to neurotypical adults, which is interesting given that autistic individuals sometimes misunderstand the thoughts and feelings of other people. In this article, we re-examined the link between autism and anthropomorphism in a large sample of adults with varying degrees of autistic traits, with several important methodological advances on previous research. Across two studies, we found that individuals with more autistic traits reported greater anthropomorphic tendencies. As part of these analyses, we had to develop a new, refined measure of anthropomorphism, which showed better reliability and validity than the original measure. This measure will be useful in future autism-related research. Overall, advancing White and Remington's study, these findings help us to better understand individual differences in socially relevant processes, including those that may be enhanced in autism (e.g. anthropomorphism). En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211039387 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473
in Autism > 26-4 (May 2022) . - p.940-950[article] Anthropomorphic tendencies in autism: A conceptual replication and extension of White and Remington (2019) and preliminary development of a novel anthropomorphism measure [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Rachel A. CLUTTERBUCK, Auteur ; Punit SHAH, Auteur ; Hok Sze LEUNG, Auteur ; Mitchell J. CALLAN, Auteur ; Natalia GJERSOE, Auteur ; Lucy A. LIVINGSTON, Auteur . - p.940-950.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 26-4 (May 2022) . - p.940-950
Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder Autistic Disorder Emotions Humans Reproducibility of Results anthropomorphism autism personification social cognition theory of mind conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Anthropomorphism is the tendency to attribute human-like qualities (e.g. thoughts and feelings) to non-human entities (e.g. objects and weather systems). Research by White and Remington (2019) suggested that anthropomorphism is more common in autistic compared to neurotypical adults, which is interesting given that autistic individuals sometimes misunderstand the thoughts and feelings of other people. In this article, we re-examined the link between autism and anthropomorphism in a large sample of adults with varying degrees of autistic traits, with several important methodological advances on previous research. Across two studies, we found that individuals with more autistic traits reported greater anthropomorphic tendencies. As part of these analyses, we had to develop a new, refined measure of anthropomorphism, which showed better reliability and validity than the original measure. This measure will be useful in future autism-related research. Overall, advancing White and Remington's study, these findings help us to better understand individual differences in socially relevant processes, including those that may be enhanced in autism (e.g. anthropomorphism). En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211039387 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=473 Autistic people outperform neurotypicals in a cartoon version of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes / Liam CROSS in Autism Research, 15-9 (September 2022)
[article]
Titre : Autistic people outperform neurotypicals in a cartoon version of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Liam CROSS, Auteur ; Andrea PIOVESAN, Auteur ; Gray ATHERTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1603-1608 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology Autistic Disorder/psychology Emotions Facial Recognition Humans Reading the Mind in the Eyes anthropomorphism autism cartoon emotion recognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prior research suggests that while autistic people may demonstrate poorer facial emotion recognition when stimuli are human, these differences lessen when stimuli are anthropomorphic. To investigate this further, this work explores emotion recognition in autistic and neurotypical adults (n = 196). Groups were compared on a standard and a cartoon version of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test. Results indicated that autistic individuals were not significantly different from neurotypicals on the standard version. However, autistic people outperformed neurotypicals on the cartoon version. The implications for these findings regarding emotion recognition deficits and the social motivation account of autism are discussed and support the view of socio-cognitive differences rather than deficits in this population. LAY SUMMARY: The Reading the Mind in the Eyes test and a cartoon version were tested on autistic and neurotypical adults. Autistic adults were not significantly different on the original test compared to neurotypicals, but they outperformed neurotypical adults on the cartoon version. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2782 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=483
in Autism Research > 15-9 (September 2022) . - p.1603-1608[article] Autistic people outperform neurotypicals in a cartoon version of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Liam CROSS, Auteur ; Andrea PIOVESAN, Auteur ; Gray ATHERTON, Auteur . - p.1603-1608.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism Research > 15-9 (September 2022) . - p.1603-1608
Mots-clés : Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder/psychology Autistic Disorder/psychology Emotions Facial Recognition Humans Reading the Mind in the Eyes anthropomorphism autism cartoon emotion recognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prior research suggests that while autistic people may demonstrate poorer facial emotion recognition when stimuli are human, these differences lessen when stimuli are anthropomorphic. To investigate this further, this work explores emotion recognition in autistic and neurotypical adults (n = 196). Groups were compared on a standard and a cartoon version of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test. Results indicated that autistic individuals were not significantly different from neurotypicals on the standard version. However, autistic people outperformed neurotypicals on the cartoon version. The implications for these findings regarding emotion recognition deficits and the social motivation account of autism are discussed and support the view of socio-cognitive differences rather than deficits in this population. LAY SUMMARY: The Reading the Mind in the Eyes test and a cartoon version were tested on autistic and neurotypical adults. Autistic adults were not significantly different on the original test compared to neurotypicals, but they outperformed neurotypical adults on the cartoon version. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.2782 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=483 Object personification in autism: This paper will be very sad if you don't read it / R. C. WHITE in Autism, 23-4 (May 2019)
[article]
Titre : Object personification in autism: This paper will be very sad if you don't read it Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : R. C. WHITE, Auteur ; A. REMINGTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1042-1045 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anthropomorphism autism spectrum disorders cognition (attention, learning, memory) perception personification Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Object personification is the attribution of human characteristics to non-human agents. In online forums, autistic individuals commonly report experiencing this phenomenon. Given that approximately half of all autistic individuals experience difficulties identifying their own emotions, the suggestion that object personification may be a feature of autism seems almost paradoxical. Why would a person experience sympathy for objects, when they struggle to understand and verbalise the emotions of other people as well as their own? An online survey was used to assess tendency for personification in 87 autistic and 263 non-autistic adults. Together, our results indicate that object personification occurs commonly among autistic individuals, and perhaps more often (and later in life) than in the general population. Given that in many cases, autistic people report their personification experiences as distressing, it is important to consider the reasons for the increased personification and identify structures for support. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361318793408 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=397
in Autism > 23-4 (May 2019) . - p.1042-1045[article] Object personification in autism: This paper will be very sad if you don't read it [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / R. C. WHITE, Auteur ; A. REMINGTON, Auteur . - p.1042-1045.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 23-4 (May 2019) . - p.1042-1045
Mots-clés : anthropomorphism autism spectrum disorders cognition (attention, learning, memory) perception personification Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Object personification is the attribution of human characteristics to non-human agents. In online forums, autistic individuals commonly report experiencing this phenomenon. Given that approximately half of all autistic individuals experience difficulties identifying their own emotions, the suggestion that object personification may be a feature of autism seems almost paradoxical. Why would a person experience sympathy for objects, when they struggle to understand and verbalise the emotions of other people as well as their own? An online survey was used to assess tendency for personification in 87 autistic and 263 non-autistic adults. Together, our results indicate that object personification occurs commonly among autistic individuals, and perhaps more often (and later in life) than in the general population. Given that in many cases, autistic people report their personification experiences as distressing, it is important to consider the reasons for the increased personification and identify structures for support. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361318793408 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=397 The Animal in Me: Enhancing Emotion Recognition in Adolescents with Autism Using Animal Filters / L. CROSS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 49-11 (November 2019)
[article]
Titre : The Animal in Me: Enhancing Emotion Recognition in Adolescents with Autism Using Animal Filters Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. CROSS, Auteur ; M. FARHA, Auteur ; G. ATHERTON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.4482-4487 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anthropomorphism Autism Emotion recognition Facial processing Intellectual disability Theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : People with autism are often characterized as having difficulties with theory of mind abilities such as emotion recognition. However, rather than being a pervasive deficit of 'mindblindness,' a number of studies suggests these difficulties vary by context, and when people with autism mindread non-human agents, such as animals or cartoons, these abilities improve. To replicate this effect, 15 adolescents with both autism and intellectual disability participated in a test of facial emotion recognition, with both human and animal faces. Participants performed significantly better on the animal version of the assessment compared to the human version, and human rather than animal scores were the strongest predictor of symptom severity. These results were shown to be primarily driven by improvement in recognition of the emotions happiness and anger in animal rather than human faces. Implications with regards to social motivation and theory of mind interventions are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04179-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-11 (November 2019) . - p.4482-4487[article] The Animal in Me: Enhancing Emotion Recognition in Adolescents with Autism Using Animal Filters [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. CROSS, Auteur ; M. FARHA, Auteur ; G. ATHERTON, Auteur . - p.4482-4487.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders > 49-11 (November 2019) . - p.4482-4487
Mots-clés : Anthropomorphism Autism Emotion recognition Facial processing Intellectual disability Theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : People with autism are often characterized as having difficulties with theory of mind abilities such as emotion recognition. However, rather than being a pervasive deficit of 'mindblindness,' a number of studies suggests these difficulties vary by context, and when people with autism mindread non-human agents, such as animals or cartoons, these abilities improve. To replicate this effect, 15 adolescents with both autism and intellectual disability participated in a test of facial emotion recognition, with both human and animal faces. Participants performed significantly better on the animal version of the assessment compared to the human version, and human rather than animal scores were the strongest predictor of symptom severity. These results were shown to be primarily driven by improvement in recognition of the emotions happiness and anger in animal rather than human faces. Implications with regards to social motivation and theory of mind interventions are discussed. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-04179-7 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=408 What am I thinking? Perspective-taking from the perspective of adolescents with autism / G. ATHERTON in Autism, 23-5 (July 2019)
[article]
Titre : What am I thinking? Perspective-taking from the perspective of adolescents with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : G. ATHERTON, Auteur ; B. LUMMIS, Auteur ; S. X. DAY, Auteur ; L. CROSS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1186-1200 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : anthropomorphism autism spectrum disorder honesty humor interpretative phenomenological analysis mentalizing neurodiversity qualitative strange stories theory of mind visualization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic people are often described as being impaired with regard to theory of mind, though more recent literature finds flaws in the theory of mind deficit paradigm. In addition, the predominant methods for examining theory of mind often rely on "observational" modes of assessment and do not adequately reflect the dynamic process of real-life perspective taking. Thus, it is imperative that researchers continue to test the autistic theory of mind deficit paradigm and explore theory of mind experiences through more naturalistic approaches. This study qualitatively examined theory of mind in 12 autistic adolescents through a series of semi-structured interviews. Interpretive phenomenological analysis of the data revealed four core themes in participants' theory of mind experiences and strategies, all of which highlighted how a more accurate representation of autistic theory of mind is one of difference rather than deficit. For instance, data showed that autistic heightened perceptual abilities may contribute to mentalizing strengths and that honesty in autism may be less dependent on systemizing rather than personal experience and choice. Such findings suggest that future research should reexamine autistic characteristics in light of their ability to enhance theory of mind processing. Understanding how an autistic theory of mind is uniquely functional is an imperative step toward both destigmatizing the condition and advocating for neurodiversity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361318793409 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401
in Autism > 23-5 (July 2019) . - p.1186-1200[article] What am I thinking? Perspective-taking from the perspective of adolescents with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / G. ATHERTON, Auteur ; B. LUMMIS, Auteur ; S. X. DAY, Auteur ; L. CROSS, Auteur . - p.1186-1200.
Langues : Anglais (eng)
in Autism > 23-5 (July 2019) . - p.1186-1200
Mots-clés : anthropomorphism autism spectrum disorder honesty humor interpretative phenomenological analysis mentalizing neurodiversity qualitative strange stories theory of mind visualization Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autistic people are often described as being impaired with regard to theory of mind, though more recent literature finds flaws in the theory of mind deficit paradigm. In addition, the predominant methods for examining theory of mind often rely on "observational" modes of assessment and do not adequately reflect the dynamic process of real-life perspective taking. Thus, it is imperative that researchers continue to test the autistic theory of mind deficit paradigm and explore theory of mind experiences through more naturalistic approaches. This study qualitatively examined theory of mind in 12 autistic adolescents through a series of semi-structured interviews. Interpretive phenomenological analysis of the data revealed four core themes in participants' theory of mind experiences and strategies, all of which highlighted how a more accurate representation of autistic theory of mind is one of difference rather than deficit. For instance, data showed that autistic heightened perceptual abilities may contribute to mentalizing strengths and that honesty in autism may be less dependent on systemizing rather than personal experience and choice. Such findings suggest that future research should reexamine autistic characteristics in light of their ability to enhance theory of mind processing. Understanding how an autistic theory of mind is uniquely functional is an imperative step toward both destigmatizing the condition and advocating for neurodiversity. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361318793409 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=401