Abnormal social reward processing in autism as indexed by pupillary responses to happy faces / L. SEPETA in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 4-1 (December 2012)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 4-1 (December 2012) . - p.17 Titre : Abnormal social reward processing in autism as indexed by pupillary responses to happy faces Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : L. SEPETA, Auteur ; N. TSUCHIYA, Auteur ; M. S. DAVIES, Auteur ; M. SIGMAN, Auteur ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.17 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) typically show impaired eye contact during social interactions. From a young age, they look less at faces than typically developing (TD) children and tend to avoid direct gaze. However, the reason for this behavior remains controversial; ASD children might avoid eye contact because they perceive the eyes as aversive or because they do not find social engagement through mutual gaze rewarding. METHODS: We monitored pupillary diameter as a measure of autonomic response in children with ASD (n = 20, mean age = 12.4) and TD controls (n = 18, mean age = 13.7) while they looked at faces displaying different emotions. Each face displayed happy, fearful, angry or neutral emotions with the gaze either directed to or averted from the subjects. RESULTS: Overall, children with ASD and TD controls showed similar pupillary responses; however, they differed significantly in their sensitivity to gaze direction for happy faces. Specifically, pupillary diameter increased among TD children when viewing happy faces with direct gaze as compared to those with averted gaze, whereas children with ASD did not show such sensitivity to gaze direction. We found no group differences in fixation that could explain the differential pupillary responses. There was no effect of gaze direction on pupil diameter for negative affect or neutral faces among either the TD or ASD group. CONCLUSIONS: We interpret the increased pupillary diameter to happy faces with direct gaze in TD children to reflect the intrinsic reward value of a smiling face looking directly at an individual. The lack of this effect in children with ASD is consistent with the hypothesis that individuals with ASD may have reduced sensitivity to the reward value of social stimuli. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-4-17 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=344 [article] Abnormal social reward processing in autism as indexed by pupillary responses to happy faces [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / L. SEPETA, Auteur ; N. TSUCHIYA, Auteur ; M. S. DAVIES, Auteur ; M. SIGMAN, Auteur ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur . - p.17. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders > 4-1 (December 2012) . - p.17 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) typically show impaired eye contact during social interactions. From a young age, they look less at faces than typically developing (TD) children and tend to avoid direct gaze. However, the reason for this behavior remains controversial; ASD children might avoid eye contact because they perceive the eyes as aversive or because they do not find social engagement through mutual gaze rewarding. METHODS: We monitored pupillary diameter as a measure of autonomic response in children with ASD (n = 20, mean age = 12.4) and TD controls (n = 18, mean age = 13.7) while they looked at faces displaying different emotions. Each face displayed happy, fearful, angry or neutral emotions with the gaze either directed to or averted from the subjects. RESULTS: Overall, children with ASD and TD controls showed similar pupillary responses; however, they differed significantly in their sensitivity to gaze direction for happy faces. Specifically, pupillary diameter increased among TD children when viewing happy faces with direct gaze as compared to those with averted gaze, whereas children with ASD did not show such sensitivity to gaze direction. We found no group differences in fixation that could explain the differential pupillary responses. There was no effect of gaze direction on pupil diameter for negative affect or neutral faces among either the TD or ASD group. CONCLUSIONS: We interpret the increased pupillary diameter to happy faces with direct gaze in TD children to reflect the intrinsic reward value of a smiling face looking directly at an individual. The lack of this effect in children with ASD is consistent with the hypothesis that individuals with ASD may have reduced sensitivity to the reward value of social stimuli. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1866-1955-4-17 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=344

Age-related changes in neural responses to sensory stimulation in autism: a cross-sectional study / Kaitlin K. CUMMINGS ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER ; Mirella DAPRETTO ; Shulamite A. GREEN in Molecular Autism, 14 (2023)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 14 (2023) . - 38 p. Titre : Age-related changes in neural responses to sensory stimulation in autism: a cross-sectional study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Kaitlin K. CUMMINGS, Auteur ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur ; Shulamite A. GREEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : 38 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Child  Humans  *Autistic Disorder/diagnostic imaging  *Autism Spectrum Disorder  Cross-Sectional Studies  Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging  Cerebellum  Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods  Autism spectrum disorder  Development  Neural activity  Sensory over-responsivity  Sensory processing  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Sensory over-responsivity (SOR) is an impairing sensory processing challenge in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) which shows heterogenous developmental trajectories and appears to improve into adulthood in some but not all autistic individuals. However, the neural mechanisms underlying interindividual differences in these trajectories are currently unknown. METHODS: Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the association between age and neural activity linearly and nonlinearly in response to mildly aversive sensory stimulation as well as how SOR severity moderates this association. Participants included 52 ASD (14F) and 41 (13F) typically developing (TD) youth, aged 8.6-18.0 years. RESULTS: We found that in pre-teens, ASD children showed widespread activation differences in sensorimotor, frontal and cerebellar regions compared to TD children, while there were fewer differences between ASD and TD teens. In TD youth, older age was associated with less activation in the prefrontal cortex. In contrast, in ASD youth, older age was associated with more engagement of sensory integration and emotion regulation regions. In particular, orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal cortices showed a nonlinear relationship with age in ASD, with an especially steep increase in sensory-evoked neural activity during the mid-to-late teen years. There was also an interaction between age and SOR severity in ASD youth such that these age-related trends were more apparent in youth with higher SOR. LIMITATIONS: The cross-sectional design limits causal interpretations of the data. Future longitudinal studies will be instrumental in determining how prefrontal engagement and SOR co-develop across adolescence. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that enhanced recruitment of prefrontal regions may underlie age-related decreases in SOR for a subgroup of ASD youth. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-023-00571-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518 [article] Age-related changes in neural responses to sensory stimulation in autism: a cross-sectional study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Kaitlin K. CUMMINGS, Auteur ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur ; Shulamite A. GREEN, Auteur . - 38 p. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 14 (2023) . - 38 p. Mots-clés : Adolescent  Child  Humans  *Autistic Disorder/diagnostic imaging  *Autism Spectrum Disorder  Cross-Sectional Studies  Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging  Cerebellum  Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods  Autism spectrum disorder  Development  Neural activity  Sensory over-responsivity  Sensory processing  fMRI Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Sensory over-responsivity (SOR) is an impairing sensory processing challenge in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) which shows heterogenous developmental trajectories and appears to improve into adulthood in some but not all autistic individuals. However, the neural mechanisms underlying interindividual differences in these trajectories are currently unknown. METHODS: Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the association between age and neural activity linearly and nonlinearly in response to mildly aversive sensory stimulation as well as how SOR severity moderates this association. Participants included 52 ASD (14F) and 41 (13F) typically developing (TD) youth, aged 8.6-18.0 years. RESULTS: We found that in pre-teens, ASD children showed widespread activation differences in sensorimotor, frontal and cerebellar regions compared to TD children, while there were fewer differences between ASD and TD teens. In TD youth, older age was associated with less activation in the prefrontal cortex. In contrast, in ASD youth, older age was associated with more engagement of sensory integration and emotion regulation regions. In particular, orbitofrontal and medial prefrontal cortices showed a nonlinear relationship with age in ASD, with an especially steep increase in sensory-evoked neural activity during the mid-to-late teen years. There was also an interaction between age and SOR severity in ASD youth such that these age-related trends were more apparent in youth with higher SOR. LIMITATIONS: The cross-sectional design limits causal interpretations of the data. Future longitudinal studies will be instrumental in determining how prefrontal engagement and SOR co-develop across adolescence. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that enhanced recruitment of prefrontal regions may underlie age-related decreases in SOR for a subgroup of ASD youth. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-023-00571-4 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=518

Associations between physiological and neural measures of sensory reactivity in youth with autism / J. JUNG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 62-10 (October 2021)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-10 (October 2021) . - p.1183-1194 Titre : Associations between physiological and neural measures of sensory reactivity in youth with autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. JUNG, Auteur ; T. D. ZBOZINEK, Auteur ; K. K. CUMMINGS, Auteur ; F. H. WILHELM, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur ; M. G. CRASKE, Auteur ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; S. A. GREEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1183-1194 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Adolescent  Attention  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Brain/diagnostic imaging  Child  Humans  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Autism spectrum disorders  fMRI  physiology  sensory over-responsivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) commonly show sensory over-responsivity (SOR), an impairing condition related to over-reactive brain and behavioral responses to aversive stimuli. While individuals with ASD often show atypically high physiological arousal, it is unclear how this relates to sensory reactivity. We therefore investigated how physiological arousal relates to brain and behavioral indices of SOR, to inform understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying SOR and to determine whether physiological measures are associated with SOR-related brain responses. METHODS: Youth aged 8-18 (49 ASD; 30 age- and performance-IQ-matched typically developing (TD)) experienced mildly aversive tactile and auditory stimuli first during functional magnetic resonance imaging (N = 41 ASD, 26 TD) and then during skin conductance (SCR) (N = 48 ASD, 28 TD) and heart rate (HR) measurements (N = 48 ASD, 30 TD). Parents reported on their children's SOR severity. RESULTS: Autism Spectrum Disorder youth overall displayed greater SCR to aversive sensory stimulation than TD youth and greater baseline HR. Within ASD, higher SOR was associated with higher mean HR across all stimuli after controlling for baseline HR. Furthermore, the ASD group overall, and the ASD-high-SOR group in particular, showed reduced HR deceleration/greater acceleration to sensory stimulation compared to the TD group. Both SCR and HR were associated with brain responses to sensory stimulation in regions previously associated with SOR and sensory regulation. CONCLUSIONS: Autism Spectrum Disorder youth displayed heightened physiological arousal to mildly aversive sensory stimulation, with HR responses in particular showing associations with brain and behavioral measures of SOR. These results have implications for using psychophysiological measures to assess SOR, particularly in individuals with ASD who cannot undergo MRI. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13387 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456 [article] Associations between physiological and neural measures of sensory reactivity in youth with autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. JUNG, Auteur ; T. D. ZBOZINEK, Auteur ; K. K. CUMMINGS, Auteur ; F. H. WILHELM, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur ; M. G. CRASKE, Auteur ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; S. A. GREEN, Auteur . - p.1183-1194. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 62-10 (October 2021) . - p.1183-1194 Mots-clés : Adolescent  Attention  Autism Spectrum Disorder  Autistic Disorder  Brain/diagnostic imaging  Child  Humans  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Autism spectrum disorders  fMRI  physiology  sensory over-responsivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) commonly show sensory over-responsivity (SOR), an impairing condition related to over-reactive brain and behavioral responses to aversive stimuli. While individuals with ASD often show atypically high physiological arousal, it is unclear how this relates to sensory reactivity. We therefore investigated how physiological arousal relates to brain and behavioral indices of SOR, to inform understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying SOR and to determine whether physiological measures are associated with SOR-related brain responses. METHODS: Youth aged 8-18 (49 ASD; 30 age- and performance-IQ-matched typically developing (TD)) experienced mildly aversive tactile and auditory stimuli first during functional magnetic resonance imaging (N = 41 ASD, 26 TD) and then during skin conductance (SCR) (N = 48 ASD, 28 TD) and heart rate (HR) measurements (N = 48 ASD, 30 TD). Parents reported on their children's SOR severity. RESULTS: Autism Spectrum Disorder youth overall displayed greater SCR to aversive sensory stimulation than TD youth and greater baseline HR. Within ASD, higher SOR was associated with higher mean HR across all stimuli after controlling for baseline HR. Furthermore, the ASD group overall, and the ASD-high-SOR group in particular, showed reduced HR deceleration/greater acceleration to sensory stimulation compared to the TD group. Both SCR and HR were associated with brain responses to sensory stimulation in regions previously associated with SOR and sensory regulation. CONCLUSIONS: Autism Spectrum Disorder youth displayed heightened physiological arousal to mildly aversive sensory stimulation, with HR responses in particular showing associations with brain and behavioral measures of SOR. These results have implications for using psychophysiological measures to assess SOR, particularly in individuals with ASD who cannot undergo MRI. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13387 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=456

Atypical cerebellar functional connectivity at 9 months of age predicts delayed socio-communicative profiles in infants at high and low risk for autism / Nana J. OKADA in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 63-9 (September 2022)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1002-1016 Titre : Atypical cerebellar functional connectivity at 9 months of age predicts delayed socio-communicative profiles in infants at high and low risk for autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nana J. OKADA, Auteur ; Janelle LIU, Auteur ; Tawny TSANG, Auteur ; Erin NOSCO, Auteur ; Nicole M. MCDONALD, Auteur ; Kaitlin K. CUMMINGS, Auteur ; Jiwon JUNG, Auteur ; Genevieve PATTERSON, Auteur ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Shulamite A. GREEN, Auteur ; Shafali S JESTE, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.1002-1016 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging  Autistic Disorder  Cerebellum/diagnostic imaging  Communication  Humans  Infant  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Autism spectrum disorder  fMRI  infancy  social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: While the cerebellum is traditionally known for its role in sensorimotor control, emerging research shows that particular subregions, such as right Crus I (RCrusI), support language and social processing. Indeed, cerebellar atypicalities are commonly reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by socio-communicative impairments. However, the cerebellum's contribution to early socio-communicative development remains virtually unknown. METHODS: Here, we characterized functional connectivity within cerebro-cerebellar networks implicated in language/social functions in 9-month-old infants who exhibit distinct 3-year socio-communicative developmental profiles. We employed a data-driven clustering approach to stratify our sample of infants at high (n=82) and low (n=37) familial risk for ASD into three cohorts-Delayed, Late-Blooming, and Typical-who showed unique socio-communicative trajectories. We then compared the cohorts on indices of language and social development. Seed-based functional connectivity analyses with RCrusI were conducted on infants with fMRI data (n=66). Cohorts were compared on connectivity estimates from a-priori regions, selected on the basis of reported coactivation with RCrusI during language/social tasks. RESULTS: The three trajectory-based cohorts broadly differed in social communication development, as evidenced by robust differences on numerous indices of language and social skills. Importantly, at 9months, the cohorts showed striking differences in cerebro-cerebellar circuits implicated in language/social functions. For all regions examined, the Delayed cohort exhibited significantly weaker RCrusI connectivity compared to both the Late-Blooming and Typical cohorts, with no significant differences between the latter cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: We show that hypoconnectivity within distinct cerebro-cerebellar networks in infancy predicts altered socio-communicative development before delays overtly manifest, which may be relevant for early detection and intervention. As the cerebellum is implicated in prediction, our findings point to probabilistic learning as a potential intermediary mechanism that may be disrupted in infancy, cascading into alterations in social communication. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13555 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486 [article] Atypical cerebellar functional connectivity at 9 months of age predicts delayed socio-communicative profiles in infants at high and low risk for autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nana J. OKADA, Auteur ; Janelle LIU, Auteur ; Tawny TSANG, Auteur ; Erin NOSCO, Auteur ; Nicole M. MCDONALD, Auteur ; Kaitlin K. CUMMINGS, Auteur ; Jiwon JUNG, Auteur ; Genevieve PATTERSON, Auteur ; Susan Y. BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Shulamite A. GREEN, Auteur ; Shafali S JESTE, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur . - p.1002-1016. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 63-9 (September 2022) . - p.1002-1016 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging  Autistic Disorder  Cerebellum/diagnostic imaging  Communication  Humans  Infant  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Autism spectrum disorder  fMRI  infancy  social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: While the cerebellum is traditionally known for its role in sensorimotor control, emerging research shows that particular subregions, such as right Crus I (RCrusI), support language and social processing. Indeed, cerebellar atypicalities are commonly reported in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by socio-communicative impairments. However, the cerebellum's contribution to early socio-communicative development remains virtually unknown. METHODS: Here, we characterized functional connectivity within cerebro-cerebellar networks implicated in language/social functions in 9-month-old infants who exhibit distinct 3-year socio-communicative developmental profiles. We employed a data-driven clustering approach to stratify our sample of infants at high (n=82) and low (n=37) familial risk for ASD into three cohorts-Delayed, Late-Blooming, and Typical-who showed unique socio-communicative trajectories. We then compared the cohorts on indices of language and social development. Seed-based functional connectivity analyses with RCrusI were conducted on infants with fMRI data (n=66). Cohorts were compared on connectivity estimates from a-priori regions, selected on the basis of reported coactivation with RCrusI during language/social tasks. RESULTS: The three trajectory-based cohorts broadly differed in social communication development, as evidenced by robust differences on numerous indices of language and social skills. Importantly, at 9months, the cohorts showed striking differences in cerebro-cerebellar circuits implicated in language/social functions. For all regions examined, the Delayed cohort exhibited significantly weaker RCrusI connectivity compared to both the Late-Blooming and Typical cohorts, with no significant differences between the latter cohorts. CONCLUSIONS: We show that hypoconnectivity within distinct cerebro-cerebellar networks in infancy predicts altered socio-communicative development before delays overtly manifest, which may be relevant for early detection and intervention. As the cerebellum is implicated in prediction, our findings point to probabilistic learning as a potential intermediary mechanism that may be disrupted in infancy, cascading into alterations in social communication. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13555 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=486

Atypical early neural responses to native and non-native language in infants at high likelihood for developing autism / Megan BANCHIK ; Tawny TSANG ; Nana J OKADA ; Rebecca ALTSHULER ; Nicole MCDONALD ; Susan Y BOOKHEIMER ; Shafali S JESTE ; Shulamite GREEN ; Mirella DAPRETTO in Molecular Autism, 16 (2025)  

Public ISBD [article]  inMolecular Autism > 16 (2025) . - 6 Titre : Atypical early neural responses to native and non-native language in infants at high likelihood for developing autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Megan BANCHIK, Auteur ; Tawny TSANG, Auteur ; Nana J OKADA, Auteur ; Rebecca ALTSHULER, Auteur ; Nicole MCDONALD, Auteur ; Susan Y BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Shafali S JESTE, Auteur ; Shulamite GREEN, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur Article en page(s) : 6 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Humans  Infant  Male  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Female  Language  Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging  Brain/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology  Autistic Disorder/physiopathology  Brain Mapping  Speech  Autism  Language  Native language  fMRI  obtained from all participants' caregivers and/or legal guardians. All study  protocols were approved by the UCLA Institutional Review Board. Consent for  publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no  competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Language difficulties are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in social communication as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors. Amongst infant siblings of children with an ASD diagnosis - who are at higher likelihood for developing ASD - a high proportion also show difficulties and delays in language acquisition. METHODS: In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine differences in language processing in 9-month-old infants at high (HL) and typical (TL) familial likelihood for ASD. Infants were presented with native (English) and novel (Japanese) speech while sleeping naturally in the scanner. Whole-brain and a priori region-of-interest analyses were conducted to evaluate neural differences in language processing based on likelihood group and language condition. RESULTS: HL infants showed attenuated responses to speech in general, particularly in left temporal language areas, as well as a lack of neural discrimination between the native and novel languages compared to the TL group. Importantly, we also demonstrate that HL infants show distinctly atypical patterns of lateralization for speech processing, particularly during native speech processing, suggesting a failure to left-lateralize. LIMITATIONS: The sample size, particularly for the TL group, is relatively modest because of the challenges inherent to collecting auditory stimulus-evoked data from sleeping participants, as well as retention and follow-up difficulties posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The groups were not matched on some demographic variables, but the present findings held even after accounting for these differences. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first fMRI study to directly measure autism-associated atypicalities in native language uptake during infancy. These findings provide a better understanding of the neurodevelopmental underpinnings of language delay in ASD, which is a prerequisite step for developing earlier and more effective interventions for autistic children and HL siblings who experience language impairments. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-025-00640-w Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=555 [article] Atypical early neural responses to native and non-native language in infants at high likelihood for developing autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Megan BANCHIK, Auteur ; Tawny TSANG, Auteur ; Nana J OKADA, Auteur ; Rebecca ALTSHULER, Auteur ; Nicole MCDONALD, Auteur ; Susan Y BOOKHEIMER, Auteur ; Shafali S JESTE, Auteur ; Shulamite GREEN, Auteur ; Mirella DAPRETTO, Auteur . - 6. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Molecular Autism > 16 (2025) . - 6 Mots-clés : Humans  Infant  Male  Magnetic Resonance Imaging  Female  Language  Autism Spectrum Disorder/physiopathology/diagnostic imaging  Brain/diagnostic imaging/physiopathology  Autistic Disorder/physiopathology  Brain Mapping  Speech  Autism  Language  Native language  fMRI  obtained from all participants' caregivers and/or legal guardians. All study  protocols were approved by the UCLA Institutional Review Board. Consent for  publication: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no  competing interests. Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : BACKGROUND: Language difficulties are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in social communication as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors. Amongst infant siblings of children with an ASD diagnosis - who are at higher likelihood for developing ASD - a high proportion also show difficulties and delays in language acquisition. METHODS: In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine differences in language processing in 9-month-old infants at high (HL) and typical (TL) familial likelihood for ASD. Infants were presented with native (English) and novel (Japanese) speech while sleeping naturally in the scanner. Whole-brain and a priori region-of-interest analyses were conducted to evaluate neural differences in language processing based on likelihood group and language condition. RESULTS: HL infants showed attenuated responses to speech in general, particularly in left temporal language areas, as well as a lack of neural discrimination between the native and novel languages compared to the TL group. Importantly, we also demonstrate that HL infants show distinctly atypical patterns of lateralization for speech processing, particularly during native speech processing, suggesting a failure to left-lateralize. LIMITATIONS: The sample size, particularly for the TL group, is relatively modest because of the challenges inherent to collecting auditory stimulus-evoked data from sleeping participants, as well as retention and follow-up difficulties posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The groups were not matched on some demographic variables, but the present findings held even after accounting for these differences. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first fMRI study to directly measure autism-associated atypicalities in native language uptake during infancy. These findings provide a better understanding of the neurodevelopmental underpinnings of language delay in ASD, which is a prerequisite step for developing earlier and more effective interventions for autistic children and HL siblings who experience language impairments. En ligne : https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13229-025-00640-w Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=555

Atypical longitudinal development of functional connectivity in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder / K. E. LAWRENCE in Autism Research, 12-1 (January 2019)  

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Behavioral Profiles of Affected and Unaffected Siblings of Children with Autism: Contribution of Measures of Mother–Infant Interaction and Nonverbal Communication / Agata ROZGA in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41-3 (March 2011)  

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Do Biological Sex and Early Developmental Milestones Predict the Age of First Concerns and Eventual Diagnosis in Autism Spectrum Disorder? / Clare HARROP in Autism Research, 14-1 (January 2021)  

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Intact recognition, but attenuated adaptation, for biological motion in youth with autism spectrum disorder / Jeroen J. A. VAN BOXTEL in Autism Research, 9-10 (October 2016)  

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Language and Aggressive Behaviors in Male and Female Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder / E. NEUHAUS in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 52-1 (January 2022)  

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Neural and Behavioral Responses During Self-Evaluative Processes Differ in Youth With and Without Autism / Jennifer H. PFEIFER in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 43-2 (February 2013)  

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Reduced modulation of thalamocortical connectivity during exposure to sensory stimuli in ASD / Shulamite A. GREEN in Autism Research, 10-5 (May 2017)  

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Reward processing in autism / Ashley A. SCOTT VAN ZEELAND in Autism Research, 3-2 (April 2010)  

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Sex Differences in Salience Network Connectivity and its Relationship to Sensory Over-Responsivity in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder / Kaitlin K. CUMMINGS in Autism Research, 13-9 (September 2020)  

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Social complexity and the early social environment affect visual social attention to faces / T. TSANG in Autism Research, 12-3 (March 2019)  

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