Dépouillements

Developmental Changes in Brain Function Underlying Inhibitory Control in Autism Spectrum Disorders / Aarthi PADMANABHAN in Autism Research, 8-2 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.123-135 Titre : Developmental Changes in Brain Function Underlying Inhibitory Control in Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Aarthi PADMANABHAN, Auteur ; Krista GARVER, Auteur ; Kirsten O'HEARN, Auteur ; Natalie NAWARAWONG, Auteur ; Ran LIU, Auteur ; Nancy MINSHEW, Auteur ; John SWEENEY, Auteur ; Beatriz LUNA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.123-135 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  fMRI  inhibitory control  antisaccade  development  adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The development of inhibitory control—the ability to suppress inappropriate actions in order to make goal-directed responses—is often impaired in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In the present study, we examined whether the impairments in inhibitory control evident in ASD reflect—in part—differences in the development of the neural substrates of inhibitory control from adolescence into adulthood. We conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study on the anti-saccade task, a probe of inhibitory control, in high-functioning adolescents and adults with ASD compared to a matched group of typically developing (TD) individuals. The ASD group did not show the age-related improvements in behavioral performance from adolescence to adulthood evident in the typical group, consistent with previous behavioral work. The fMRI results indicated that much of the circuitry recruited by the ASD group was similar to the TD group. However, the ASD group demonstrated some unique patterns, including: (a) a failure to recruit the frontal eye field during response preparation in adolescence but comparable recruitment in adulthood; (b) greater recruitment of putamen in adolescence and precuneus in adolescence and adulthood than the TD group; and (c) decreased recruitment in the inferior parietal lobule relative to TD groups. Taken together, these results suggest that brain circuitry underlying inhibitory control develops differently from adolescence to adulthood in ASD. Specifically, there may be relative underdevelopment of brain processes underlying inhibitory control in ASD, which may lead to engagement of subcortical compensatory processes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1398 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256 [article] Developmental Changes in Brain Function Underlying Inhibitory Control in Autism Spectrum Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Aarthi PADMANABHAN, Auteur ; Krista GARVER, Auteur ; Kirsten O'HEARN, Auteur ; Natalie NAWARAWONG, Auteur ; Ran LIU, Auteur ; Nancy MINSHEW, Auteur ; John SWEENEY, Auteur ; Beatriz LUNA, Auteur . - p.123-135. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.123-135 Mots-clés : autism  fMRI  inhibitory control  antisaccade  development  adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The development of inhibitory control—the ability to suppress inappropriate actions in order to make goal-directed responses—is often impaired in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In the present study, we examined whether the impairments in inhibitory control evident in ASD reflect—in part—differences in the development of the neural substrates of inhibitory control from adolescence into adulthood. We conducted a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study on the anti-saccade task, a probe of inhibitory control, in high-functioning adolescents and adults with ASD compared to a matched group of typically developing (TD) individuals. The ASD group did not show the age-related improvements in behavioral performance from adolescence to adulthood evident in the typical group, consistent with previous behavioral work. The fMRI results indicated that much of the circuitry recruited by the ASD group was similar to the TD group. However, the ASD group demonstrated some unique patterns, including: (a) a failure to recruit the frontal eye field during response preparation in adolescence but comparable recruitment in adulthood; (b) greater recruitment of putamen in adolescence and precuneus in adolescence and adulthood than the TD group; and (c) decreased recruitment in the inferior parietal lobule relative to TD groups. Taken together, these results suggest that brain circuitry underlying inhibitory control develops differently from adolescence to adulthood in ASD. Specifically, there may be relative underdevelopment of brain processes underlying inhibitory control in ASD, which may lead to engagement of subcortical compensatory processes. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1398 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256

Disrupted Functional Connectivity in Dorsal and Ventral Attention Networks During Attention Orienting in Autism Spectrum Disorders / Jacqueline FITZGERALD in Autism Research, 8-2 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.136-152 Titre : Disrupted Functional Connectivity in Dorsal and Ventral Attention Networks During Attention Orienting in Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jacqueline FITZGERALD, Auteur ; Katherine JOHNSON, Auteur ; Elizabeth KEHOE, Auteur ; Arun L. W. BOKDE, Auteur ; Hugh GARAVAN, Auteur ; Louise GALLAGHER, Auteur ; Jane MCGRATH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.136-152 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  functional connectivity  attention orienting  attention network  neuroimaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention orienting is a cognitive process that facilitates the movement of attention focus from one location to another: this may be impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Dorsal and ventral attention networks (DAN and VAN) sub-serve the process of attention orienting. This study investigated the functional connectivity of attention orienting in these networks in ASD using the Posner Cueing Task. Method Twenty-one adolescents with ASD and 21 age and IQ matched controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging. A psychophysical interaction (PPI) analysis was implemented to investigate task-dependent functional connectivity, measuring synchronicity of brain regions during the task. Regions of interest (ROI) were selected to explore functional connectivity in the DAN during cue-only conditions and in the VAN during invalid and valid trials. Results Behaviourally, the ASD and control groups performed the task in a similar manner. Functional MRI results indicated that the ASD and control groups activated similar brain regions. During invalid trials (VAN), the ASD group showed significant positive functional connectivity to multiple brain regions, whilst the control group demonstrated negative connectivity. During valid trials (VAN), the two groups also showed contrasting patterns of connectivity. In the cue-only conditions (DAN), the ASD group showed weaker functional connectivity. Conclusion The DAN analysis suggests that the ASD group has weaker coherence between brain areas involved in goal-driven, endogenous attention control. The strong positive functional connectivity exhibited by the ASD group in the VAN during the invalid trials suggests that individuals with ASD may generate compensatory mechanisms to achieve neurotypical behaviour. These results support the theory of abnormal cortical connectivity in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1430 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256 [article] Disrupted Functional Connectivity in Dorsal and Ventral Attention Networks During Attention Orienting in Autism Spectrum Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jacqueline FITZGERALD, Auteur ; Katherine JOHNSON, Auteur ; Elizabeth KEHOE, Auteur ; Arun L. W. BOKDE, Auteur ; Hugh GARAVAN, Auteur ; Louise GALLAGHER, Auteur ; Jane MCGRATH, Auteur . - p.136-152. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.136-152 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorders  functional connectivity  attention orienting  attention network  neuroimaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Attention orienting is a cognitive process that facilitates the movement of attention focus from one location to another: this may be impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Dorsal and ventral attention networks (DAN and VAN) sub-serve the process of attention orienting. This study investigated the functional connectivity of attention orienting in these networks in ASD using the Posner Cueing Task. Method Twenty-one adolescents with ASD and 21 age and IQ matched controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging. A psychophysical interaction (PPI) analysis was implemented to investigate task-dependent functional connectivity, measuring synchronicity of brain regions during the task. Regions of interest (ROI) were selected to explore functional connectivity in the DAN during cue-only conditions and in the VAN during invalid and valid trials. Results Behaviourally, the ASD and control groups performed the task in a similar manner. Functional MRI results indicated that the ASD and control groups activated similar brain regions. During invalid trials (VAN), the ASD group showed significant positive functional connectivity to multiple brain regions, whilst the control group demonstrated negative connectivity. During valid trials (VAN), the two groups also showed contrasting patterns of connectivity. In the cue-only conditions (DAN), the ASD group showed weaker functional connectivity. Conclusion The DAN analysis suggests that the ASD group has weaker coherence between brain areas involved in goal-driven, endogenous attention control. The strong positive functional connectivity exhibited by the ASD group in the VAN during the invalid trials suggests that individuals with ASD may generate compensatory mechanisms to achieve neurotypical behaviour. These results support the theory of abnormal cortical connectivity in autism. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1430 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256

Prosody Recognition in Adults With High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders: From Psychoacoustics to Cognition / Eitan GLOBERSON in Autism Research, 8-2 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.153-163 Titre : Prosody Recognition in Adults With High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders: From Psychoacoustics to Cognition Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eitan GLOBERSON, Auteur ; Noam AMIR, Auteur ; Liat KISHON-RABIN, Auteur ; Ofer GOLAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.153-163 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  prosody  pitch  emotion recognition  psychoacoustics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prosody is an important tool of human communication, carrying both affective and pragmatic messages in speech. Prosody recognition relies on processing of acoustic cues, such as the fundamental frequency of the voice signal, and their interpretation according to acquired socioemotional scripts. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) show deficiencies in affective prosody recognition. These deficiencies have been mostly associated with general difficulties in emotion recognition. The current study explored an additional association between affective prosody recognition in ASD and auditory perceptual abilities. Twenty high-functioning male adults with ASD and 32 typically developing male adults, matched on age and verbal abilities undertook a battery of auditory tasks. These included affective and pragmatic prosody recognition tasks, two psychoacoustic tasks (pitch direction recognition and pitch discrimination), and a facial emotion recognition task, representing nonvocal emotion recognition. Compared with controls, the ASD group demonstrated poorer performance on both vocal and facial emotion recognition, but not on pragmatic prosody recognition or on any of the psychoacoustic tasks. Both groups showed strong associations between psychoacoustic abilities and prosody recognition, both affective and pragmatic, although these were more pronounced in the ASD group. Facial emotion recognition predicted vocal emotion recognition in the ASD group only. These findings suggest that auditory perceptual abilities, alongside general emotion recognition abilities, play a significant role in affective prosody recognition in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1432 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256 [article] Prosody Recognition in Adults With High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders: From Psychoacoustics to Cognition [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eitan GLOBERSON, Auteur ; Noam AMIR, Auteur ; Liat KISHON-RABIN, Auteur ; Ofer GOLAN, Auteur . - p.153-163. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.153-163 Mots-clés : autism  prosody  pitch  emotion recognition  psychoacoustics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Prosody is an important tool of human communication, carrying both affective and pragmatic messages in speech. Prosody recognition relies on processing of acoustic cues, such as the fundamental frequency of the voice signal, and their interpretation according to acquired socioemotional scripts. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) show deficiencies in affective prosody recognition. These deficiencies have been mostly associated with general difficulties in emotion recognition. The current study explored an additional association between affective prosody recognition in ASD and auditory perceptual abilities. Twenty high-functioning male adults with ASD and 32 typically developing male adults, matched on age and verbal abilities undertook a battery of auditory tasks. These included affective and pragmatic prosody recognition tasks, two psychoacoustic tasks (pitch direction recognition and pitch discrimination), and a facial emotion recognition task, representing nonvocal emotion recognition. Compared with controls, the ASD group demonstrated poorer performance on both vocal and facial emotion recognition, but not on pragmatic prosody recognition or on any of the psychoacoustic tasks. Both groups showed strong associations between psychoacoustic abilities and prosody recognition, both affective and pragmatic, although these were more pronounced in the ASD group. Facial emotion recognition predicted vocal emotion recognition in the ASD group only. These findings suggest that auditory perceptual abilities, alongside general emotion recognition abilities, play a significant role in affective prosody recognition in ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1432 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256

The Relationship Between Stress and Social Functioning in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Without Intellectual Disability / Lauren BISHOP-FITZPATRICK in Autism Research, 8-2 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.164-173 Titre : The Relationship Between Stress and Social Functioning in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Without Intellectual Disability Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Lauren BISHOP-FITZPATRICK, Auteur ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Shaun M. EACK, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.164-173 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : emotion regulation  coping  anxiety  adult outcome  pervasive developmental disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face substantial challenges accomplishing basic tasks associated with daily living, which are exacerbated by their broad and pervasive difficulties with social interactions. These challenges put people with ASD at increased risk for psychophysiological distress, which likely factors heavily into social functioning for adults with ASD, as suggested by a growing literature on stress in children that indicates that children with ASD have differential responses to stress than healthy children. We hypothesized that adults with ASD and without intellectual disability (n?=?38) would experience more stress than healthy volunteers (n?=?37) and that there would be an inverse relationship between stress and social functioning in individuals with ASD. Baseline, semi-structured interview data from a randomized controlled trial of two treatments for adults with ASD were used to assess differences in stress between adults with ASD and healthy volunteers and to assess the relationship between stress response and social functioning in adults with ASD. Findings indicate that adults with ASD experience greater perceived and interviewer-observed stress than healthy volunteers and that stress is significantly related to social functioning in adults with ASD. These findings highlight the role of stress in adult functioning and outcomes and suggest the need to develop and assess treatments designed to target stress and coping in adults with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1433 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256 [article] The Relationship Between Stress and Social Functioning in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Without Intellectual Disability [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Lauren BISHOP-FITZPATRICK, Auteur ; Carla A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur ; Nancy J. MINSHEW, Auteur ; Shaun M. EACK, Auteur . - p.164-173. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.164-173 Mots-clés : emotion regulation  coping  anxiety  adult outcome  pervasive developmental disorder Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face substantial challenges accomplishing basic tasks associated with daily living, which are exacerbated by their broad and pervasive difficulties with social interactions. These challenges put people with ASD at increased risk for psychophysiological distress, which likely factors heavily into social functioning for adults with ASD, as suggested by a growing literature on stress in children that indicates that children with ASD have differential responses to stress than healthy children. We hypothesized that adults with ASD and without intellectual disability (n?=?38) would experience more stress than healthy volunteers (n?=?37) and that there would be an inverse relationship between stress and social functioning in individuals with ASD. Baseline, semi-structured interview data from a randomized controlled trial of two treatments for adults with ASD were used to assess differences in stress between adults with ASD and healthy volunteers and to assess the relationship between stress response and social functioning in adults with ASD. Findings indicate that adults with ASD experience greater perceived and interviewer-observed stress than healthy volunteers and that stress is significantly related to social functioning in adults with ASD. These findings highlight the role of stress in adult functioning and outcomes and suggest the need to develop and assess treatments designed to target stress and coping in adults with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1433 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256

Fronto-Temporal Connectivity is Preserved During Sung but Not Spoken Word Listening, Across the Autism Spectrum / Megha SHARDA in Autism Research, 8-2 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.174-186 Titre : Fronto-Temporal Connectivity is Preserved During Sung but Not Spoken Word Listening, Across the Autism Spectrum Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Megha SHARDA, Auteur ; Rashi MIDHA, Auteur ; Supriya MALIK, Auteur ; Shaneel MUKERJI, Auteur ; Nandini C. SINGH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.174-186 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : functional MRI  diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)  cognitive neuroscience  pediatrics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Co-occurrence of preserved musical function with language and socio-communicative impairments is a common but understudied feature of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Given the significant overlap in neural organization of these processes, investigating brain mechanisms underlying speech and music may not only help dissociate the nature of these auditory processes in ASD but also provide a neurobiological basis for development of interventions. Using a passive-listening functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm with spoken words, sung words and piano tones, we found that 22 children with ASD, with varying levels of functioning, activated bilateral temporal brain networks during sung-word perception, similarly to an age and gender-matched control group. In contrast, spoken-word perception was right-lateralized in ASD and elicited reduced inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) activity which varied as a function of language ability. Diffusion tensor imaging analysis reflected reduced integrity of the left hemisphere fronto-temporal tract in the ASD group and further showed that the hypoactivation in IFG was predicted by integrity of this tract. Subsequent psychophysiological interactions revealed that functional fronto-temporal connectivity, disrupted during spoken-word perception, was preserved during sung-word listening in ASD, suggesting alternate mechanisms of speech and music processing in ASD. Our results thus demonstrate the ability of song to overcome the structural deficit for speech across the autism spectrum and provide a mechanistic basis for efficacy of song-based interventions in ASD. Autism Res 2015, 8: 174–186. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1437 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256 [article] Fronto-Temporal Connectivity is Preserved During Sung but Not Spoken Word Listening, Across the Autism Spectrum [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Megha SHARDA, Auteur ; Rashi MIDHA, Auteur ; Supriya MALIK, Auteur ; Shaneel MUKERJI, Auteur ; Nandini C. SINGH, Auteur . - p.174-186. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.174-186 Mots-clés : functional MRI  diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)  cognitive neuroscience  pediatrics Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Co-occurrence of preserved musical function with language and socio-communicative impairments is a common but understudied feature of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Given the significant overlap in neural organization of these processes, investigating brain mechanisms underlying speech and music may not only help dissociate the nature of these auditory processes in ASD but also provide a neurobiological basis for development of interventions. Using a passive-listening functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm with spoken words, sung words and piano tones, we found that 22 children with ASD, with varying levels of functioning, activated bilateral temporal brain networks during sung-word perception, similarly to an age and gender-matched control group. In contrast, spoken-word perception was right-lateralized in ASD and elicited reduced inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) activity which varied as a function of language ability. Diffusion tensor imaging analysis reflected reduced integrity of the left hemisphere fronto-temporal tract in the ASD group and further showed that the hypoactivation in IFG was predicted by integrity of this tract. Subsequent psychophysiological interactions revealed that functional fronto-temporal connectivity, disrupted during spoken-word perception, was preserved during sung-word listening in ASD, suggesting alternate mechanisms of speech and music processing in ASD. Our results thus demonstrate the ability of song to overcome the structural deficit for speech across the autism spectrum and provide a mechanistic basis for efficacy of song-based interventions in ASD. Autism Res 2015, 8: 174–186. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1437 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256

Atypical Hemispheric Specialization for Faces in Infants at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder / Brandon KEEHN in Autism Research, 8-2 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.187-198 Titre : Atypical Hemispheric Specialization for Faces in Infants at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Brandon KEEHN, Auteur ; Vanessa VOGEL-FARLEY, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur ; Charles A. NELSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.187-198 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  EEG coherence  face processing  hemispheric specialization  endophenotype  gamma  infancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Among the many experimental findings that tend to distinguish those with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are face processing deficits, reduced hemispheric specialization, and atypical neurostructural and functional connectivity. To investigate the earliest manifestations of these features, we examined lateralization of event-related gamma-band coherence to faces during the first year of life in infants at high risk for autism (HRA; defined as having an older sibling with ASD) who were compared with low-risk comparison (LRC) infants, defined as having no family history of ASD. Participants included 49 HRA and 46 LRC infants who contributed a total of 127 data sets at 6 and 12 months. Electroencephalography was recorded while infants viewed images of familiar/unfamiliar faces. Event-related gamma-band (30–50?Hz) phase coherence between anterior–posterior electrode pairs for left and right hemispheres was computed. Developmental trajectories for lateralization of intra-hemispheric coherence were significantly different in HRA and LRC infants: by 12 months, HRA infants showed significantly greater leftward lateralization compared with LRC infants who showed rightward lateralization. Preliminary results indicate that infants who later met criteria for ASD were those that showed the greatest leftward lateralization. HRA infants demonstrate an aberrant pattern of leftward lateralization of intra-hemispheric coherence by the end of the first year of life, suggesting that the network specialized for face processing may develop atypically. Further, infants with the greatest leftward asymmetry at 12 months where those that later met criteria for ASD, providing support to the growing body of evidence that atypical hemispheric specialization may be an early neurobiological marker for ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1438 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256 [article] Atypical Hemispheric Specialization for Faces in Infants at Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Brandon KEEHN, Auteur ; Vanessa VOGEL-FARLEY, Auteur ; Helen TAGER-FLUSBERG, Auteur ; Charles A. NELSON, Auteur . - p.187-198. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.187-198 Mots-clés : autism  EEG coherence  face processing  hemispheric specialization  endophenotype  gamma  infancy Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Among the many experimental findings that tend to distinguish those with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are face processing deficits, reduced hemispheric specialization, and atypical neurostructural and functional connectivity. To investigate the earliest manifestations of these features, we examined lateralization of event-related gamma-band coherence to faces during the first year of life in infants at high risk for autism (HRA; defined as having an older sibling with ASD) who were compared with low-risk comparison (LRC) infants, defined as having no family history of ASD. Participants included 49 HRA and 46 LRC infants who contributed a total of 127 data sets at 6 and 12 months. Electroencephalography was recorded while infants viewed images of familiar/unfamiliar faces. Event-related gamma-band (30–50?Hz) phase coherence between anterior–posterior electrode pairs for left and right hemispheres was computed. Developmental trajectories for lateralization of intra-hemispheric coherence were significantly different in HRA and LRC infants: by 12 months, HRA infants showed significantly greater leftward lateralization compared with LRC infants who showed rightward lateralization. Preliminary results indicate that infants who later met criteria for ASD were those that showed the greatest leftward lateralization. HRA infants demonstrate an aberrant pattern of leftward lateralization of intra-hemispheric coherence by the end of the first year of life, suggesting that the network specialized for face processing may develop atypically. Further, infants with the greatest leftward asymmetry at 12 months where those that later met criteria for ASD, providing support to the growing body of evidence that atypical hemispheric specialization may be an early neurobiological marker for ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1438 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256

Family Quality of Life and ASD: The Role of Child Adaptive Functioning and Behavior Problems / Gardiner EMILY in Autism Research, 8-2 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.199-213 Titre : Family Quality of Life and ASD: The Role of Child Adaptive Functioning and Behavior Problems Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gardiner EMILY, Auteur ; Iarocci GRACE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.199-213 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Family Quality of Life  autism spectrum disorder  adaptive functioning  behavior problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The family is the key support network for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), in many cases into adulthood. The Family Quality of Life (FQOL) construct encompasses family satisfaction with both internal and external dynamics, as well as support availability. Therefore, although these families face considerable risk in raising a child with a disability, the FQOL outcome is conceptualized as representative of a continuum of family adaptation. This study examined the role of child characteristics, including adaptive functioning and behaviour problems, in relation to FQOL. Eighty-four caregivers of children and adolescents (range?=?6–18 years) with ASD participated, completing questionnaires online and by telephone. Adaptive functioning, and specifically daily living skills, emerged as a significant predictor of FQOL satisfaction, after accounting for behavioural and demographic characteristics, including child age, gender, perceived disability severity, and behavioural problems, as well as family income. Furthermore, there were significant differences across each domain of FQOL when groups were separated by daily living skill functioning level (‘low,’ ‘moderately low,’ and ‘adequate’). The results suggest that intervention strategies targeting daily living skills will likely have beneficial effects for both individual and family well-being, and may reduce family support demands. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1442 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256 [article] Family Quality of Life and ASD: The Role of Child Adaptive Functioning and Behavior Problems [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gardiner EMILY, Auteur ; Iarocci GRACE, Auteur . - p.199-213. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.199-213 Mots-clés : Family Quality of Life  autism spectrum disorder  adaptive functioning  behavior problems Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The family is the key support network for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), in many cases into adulthood. The Family Quality of Life (FQOL) construct encompasses family satisfaction with both internal and external dynamics, as well as support availability. Therefore, although these families face considerable risk in raising a child with a disability, the FQOL outcome is conceptualized as representative of a continuum of family adaptation. This study examined the role of child characteristics, including adaptive functioning and behaviour problems, in relation to FQOL. Eighty-four caregivers of children and adolescents (range?=?6–18 years) with ASD participated, completing questionnaires online and by telephone. Adaptive functioning, and specifically daily living skills, emerged as a significant predictor of FQOL satisfaction, after accounting for behavioural and demographic characteristics, including child age, gender, perceived disability severity, and behavioural problems, as well as family income. Furthermore, there were significant differences across each domain of FQOL when groups were separated by daily living skill functioning level (‘low,’ ‘moderately low,’ and ‘adequate’). The results suggest that intervention strategies targeting daily living skills will likely have beneficial effects for both individual and family well-being, and may reduce family support demands. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1442 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256

Learning Language in Autism: Maternal Linguistic Input Contributes to Later Vocabulary / Janet BANG in Autism Research, 8-2 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.214-223 Titre : Learning Language in Autism: Maternal Linguistic Input Contributes to Later Vocabulary Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Janet BANG, Auteur ; Aparna NADIG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.214-223 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : linguistic environment  parental input  maternal speech  lexical features  MLU  language development  autism spectrum disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is well established that children with typical development (TYP) exposed to more maternal linguistic input develop larger vocabularies. We know relatively little about the linguistic environment available to children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and whether input contributes to their later vocabulary. Children with ASD or TYP and their mothers from English and French-speaking families engaged in a 10?min free-play interaction. To compare input, children were matched on language ability, sex, and maternal education (ASD n?=?20, TYP n?=?20). Input was transcribed, and the number of word tokens and types, lexical diversity (D), mean length of utterances (MLU), and number of utterances were calculated. We then examined the relationship between input and children's spoken vocabulary 6 months later in a larger sample (ASD: n?=?19, 50–85 months; TYP: n?=?44, 25–58 months). No significant group differences were found on the five input features. A hierarchical multiple regression model demonstrated input MLU significantly and positively contributed to spoken vocabulary 6 months later in both groups, over and above initial language levels. No significant difference was found between groups in the slope between input MLU and later vocabulary. Our findings reveal children with ASD and TYP of similar language levels are exposed to similar maternal linguistic environments regarding number of word tokens and types, D, MLU, and number of utterances. Importantly, linguistic input accounted for later vocabulary growth in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1440 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256 [article] Learning Language in Autism: Maternal Linguistic Input Contributes to Later Vocabulary [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Janet BANG, Auteur ; Aparna NADIG, Auteur . - p.214-223. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.214-223 Mots-clés : linguistic environment  parental input  maternal speech  lexical features  MLU  language development  autism spectrum disorders Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : It is well established that children with typical development (TYP) exposed to more maternal linguistic input develop larger vocabularies. We know relatively little about the linguistic environment available to children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and whether input contributes to their later vocabulary. Children with ASD or TYP and their mothers from English and French-speaking families engaged in a 10?min free-play interaction. To compare input, children were matched on language ability, sex, and maternal education (ASD n?=?20, TYP n?=?20). Input was transcribed, and the number of word tokens and types, lexical diversity (D), mean length of utterances (MLU), and number of utterances were calculated. We then examined the relationship between input and children's spoken vocabulary 6 months later in a larger sample (ASD: n?=?19, 50–85 months; TYP: n?=?44, 25–58 months). No significant group differences were found on the five input features. A hierarchical multiple regression model demonstrated input MLU significantly and positively contributed to spoken vocabulary 6 months later in both groups, over and above initial language levels. No significant difference was found between groups in the slope between input MLU and later vocabulary. Our findings reveal children with ASD and TYP of similar language levels are exposed to similar maternal linguistic environments regarding number of word tokens and types, D, MLU, and number of utterances. Importantly, linguistic input accounted for later vocabulary growth in children with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1440 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256

Consanguinity in India and Its Association With Autism Spectrum Disorder / Madhu P. MAMIDALA in Autism Research, 8-2 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.224-228 Titre : Consanguinity in India and Its Association With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Madhu P. MAMIDALA, Auteur ; Mahesh Kumar KALIKIRI, Auteur ; P. T. V. PRAVEEN KUMAR, Auteur ; N. RAJESH, Auteur ; OmSai R. VALLAMKONDA, Auteur ; Vidya RAJESH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.224-228 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  consanguinity  risk factors  genetic association  India Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has both genetic and environmental factors in its etiology. The risk for many disorders is increased by consanguinity, but it is not known whether it increases the risk for ASD. Our study from large population in India concludes that consanguinity increases the risk for ASD with an odds ratio of 3.22. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1431 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256 [article] Consanguinity in India and Its Association With Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Madhu P. MAMIDALA, Auteur ; Mahesh Kumar KALIKIRI, Auteur ; P. T. V. PRAVEEN KUMAR, Auteur ; N. RAJESH, Auteur ; OmSai R. VALLAMKONDA, Auteur ; Vidya RAJESH, Auteur . - p.224-228. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.224-228 Mots-clés : Autism Spectrum Disorder  consanguinity  risk factors  genetic association  India Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has both genetic and environmental factors in its etiology. The risk for many disorders is increased by consanguinity, but it is not known whether it increases the risk for ASD. Our study from large population in India concludes that consanguinity increases the risk for ASD with an odds ratio of 3.22. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1431 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256

Language Impairment and Dyslexia Genes Influence Language Skills in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders / John D. EICHER in Autism Research, 8-2 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.229-234 Titre : Language Impairment and Dyslexia Genes Influence Language Skills in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : John D. EICHER, Auteur ; Jeffrey R. GRUEN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.229-234 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : language  autism spectrum disorders  ATP2C2  MRPL19  dyslexia  language impairment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Language and communication development is a complex process influenced by numerous environmental and genetic factors. Many neurodevelopment disorders include deficits in language and communication skills in their diagnostic criteria, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD), language impairment (LI), and dyslexia. These disorders are polygenic and complex with a significant genetic component contributing to each. The similarity of language phenotypes and comorbidity of these disorders suggest that they may share genetic contributors. To test this, we examined the association of genes previously implicated in dyslexia, LI, and/or language-related traits with language skills in children with ASD. We used genetic and language data collected in the Autism Genome Research Exchange (AGRE) and Simons Simplex Collection (SSC) cohorts to perform a meta-analysis on performance on a receptive vocabulary task. There were associations with LI risk gene ATP2C2 and dyslexia risk gene MRPL19. Additionally, we found suggestive evidence of association with CMIP, GCFC2, KIAA0319L, the DYX2 locus (ACOT13, GPLD1, and FAM65B), and DRD2. Our results show that LI and dyslexia genes also contribute to language traits in children with ASD. These associations add to the growing literature of generalist genes that contribute to multiple related neurobehavioral traits. Future studies should examine whether other genetic contributors may be shared among these disorders and how risk variants interact with each other and the environment to modify clinical presentations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1436 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256 [article] Language Impairment and Dyslexia Genes Influence Language Skills in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / John D. EICHER, Auteur ; Jeffrey R. GRUEN, Auteur . - p.229-234. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.229-234 Mots-clés : language  autism spectrum disorders  ATP2C2  MRPL19  dyslexia  language impairment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Language and communication development is a complex process influenced by numerous environmental and genetic factors. Many neurodevelopment disorders include deficits in language and communication skills in their diagnostic criteria, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD), language impairment (LI), and dyslexia. These disorders are polygenic and complex with a significant genetic component contributing to each. The similarity of language phenotypes and comorbidity of these disorders suggest that they may share genetic contributors. To test this, we examined the association of genes previously implicated in dyslexia, LI, and/or language-related traits with language skills in children with ASD. We used genetic and language data collected in the Autism Genome Research Exchange (AGRE) and Simons Simplex Collection (SSC) cohorts to perform a meta-analysis on performance on a receptive vocabulary task. There were associations with LI risk gene ATP2C2 and dyslexia risk gene MRPL19. Additionally, we found suggestive evidence of association with CMIP, GCFC2, KIAA0319L, the DYX2 locus (ACOT13, GPLD1, and FAM65B), and DRD2. Our results show that LI and dyslexia genes also contribute to language traits in children with ASD. These associations add to the growing literature of generalist genes that contribute to multiple related neurobehavioral traits. Future studies should examine whether other genetic contributors may be shared among these disorders and how risk variants interact with each other and the environment to modify clinical presentations. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1436 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256

Scientific Summaries for Families with ASD in Autism Research, 8-2 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.235-238 Titre : Scientific Summaries for Families with ASD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.235-238 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1499 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256 [article] Scientific Summaries for Families with ASD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.235-238. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.235-238 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1499 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256

Impaired Comprehension of Alternating Syntactic Constructions in Autism in Autism Research, 8-2 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.239-239 Titre : Impaired Comprehension of Alternating Syntactic Constructions in Autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.239-239 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1402 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256 [article] Impaired Comprehension of Alternating Syntactic Constructions in Autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.239-239. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.239-239 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1402 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256

International Society for Autism Research News in Autism Research, 8-2 (April 2015)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.240-240 Titre : International Society for Autism Research News Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Article en page(s) : p.240-240 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1500 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256 [article] International Society for Autism Research News [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] . - p.240-240. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 8-2 (April 2015) . - p.240-240 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1500 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=256