Dépouillements

Editorial: Child psychology and psychiatry – using science to make a difference / Richard M. PASCO FEARON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.335-337 Titre : Editorial: Child psychology and psychiatry – using science to make a difference Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Richard M. PASCO FEARON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.335-337 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry has, I think it is fair to say, a special place in the hearts of scientists and scientist-practitioners working broadly in the field of developmental psychopathology. How would you put into words what it is we all love about the journal? Answers on a postcard please! For me, in addition to the high quality of the science, there is something unique about JCPP's open-minded, eclectic yet rigorous and methodologically pluralistic style that makes it stand out from the rest. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12722 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Editorial: Child psychology and psychiatry – using science to make a difference [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Richard M. PASCO FEARON, Auteur . - p.335-337. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.335-337 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry has, I think it is fair to say, a special place in the hearts of scientists and scientist-practitioners working broadly in the field of developmental psychopathology. How would you put into words what it is we all love about the journal? Answers on a postcard please! For me, in addition to the high quality of the science, there is something unique about JCPP's open-minded, eclectic yet rigorous and methodologically pluralistic style that makes it stand out from the rest. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12722 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Annual Research Review: Childhood maltreatment, latent vulnerability and the shift to preventative psychiatry – the contribution of functional brain imaging / Eamon J. MCCRORY in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.338-357 Titre : Annual Research Review: Childhood maltreatment, latent vulnerability and the shift to preventative psychiatry – the contribution of functional brain imaging Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Eamon J. MCCRORY, Auteur ; Mattia I. GERIN, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.338-357 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Child abuse  maltreatment  mental health  functional magnetic resonance imaging  resilience Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Childhood maltreatment is a potent predictor of poor mental health across the life span. We argue that there is a need to improve the understanding of the mechanisms that confer psychiatric vulnerability following maltreatment, if we are to progress from simply treating those with a manifest disorder, to developing effective preventative approaches that can help offset the likelihood that such disorders will emerge in the first place. Methods We review extant functional neuroimaging studies of children and adolescents exposed to early neglect and/or maltreatment, including physical, sexual and emotional abuse across four neurocognitive domains: threat processing, reward processing, emotion regulation and executive control. Findings are discussed in the context of ‘latent vulnerability’, where alterations in neurocognitive function are considered to carry adaptive value in early adverse caregiving environments but confer long-term risk. Results Studies on threat processing indicate heightened as well as depressed neural responsiveness in maltreated samples, particularly in the amygdala, thought to reflect threat hypervigilance and avoidance respectively. Studies on reward processing generally report blunted neural response to anticipation and receipt of rewards, particularly in the striatum, patterns associated with depressive symptomatology. Studies on emotion regulation report increased activation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during active emotion regulation, possibly reflecting greater effortful processing. Finally, studies of executive control report increased dorsal ACC activity during error monitoring and inhibition. Conclusions An emerging body of work indicates that altered neurocognitive functioning following maltreatment: (a) is evident even in the absence of overt psychopathology; (b) is consistent with perturbations seen in individuals presenting with psychiatric disorder; (c) can predict future psychiatric symptomatology. These findings suggest that maltreatment leads to neurocognitive alterations that embed latent vulnerability to psychiatric disorder, establishing a compelling case for identifying those children at most risk and developing mechanistically informed models of preventative intervention. Such interventions should aim to offset the likelihood of any future psychiatric disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12713 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Annual Research Review: Childhood maltreatment, latent vulnerability and the shift to preventative psychiatry – the contribution of functional brain imaging [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Eamon J. MCCRORY, Auteur ; Mattia I. GERIN, Auteur ; Essi VIDING, Auteur . - p.338-357. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.338-357 Mots-clés : Child abuse  maltreatment  mental health  functional magnetic resonance imaging  resilience Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Childhood maltreatment is a potent predictor of poor mental health across the life span. We argue that there is a need to improve the understanding of the mechanisms that confer psychiatric vulnerability following maltreatment, if we are to progress from simply treating those with a manifest disorder, to developing effective preventative approaches that can help offset the likelihood that such disorders will emerge in the first place. Methods We review extant functional neuroimaging studies of children and adolescents exposed to early neglect and/or maltreatment, including physical, sexual and emotional abuse across four neurocognitive domains: threat processing, reward processing, emotion regulation and executive control. Findings are discussed in the context of ‘latent vulnerability’, where alterations in neurocognitive function are considered to carry adaptive value in early adverse caregiving environments but confer long-term risk. Results Studies on threat processing indicate heightened as well as depressed neural responsiveness in maltreated samples, particularly in the amygdala, thought to reflect threat hypervigilance and avoidance respectively. Studies on reward processing generally report blunted neural response to anticipation and receipt of rewards, particularly in the striatum, patterns associated with depressive symptomatology. Studies on emotion regulation report increased activation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) during active emotion regulation, possibly reflecting greater effortful processing. Finally, studies of executive control report increased dorsal ACC activity during error monitoring and inhibition. Conclusions An emerging body of work indicates that altered neurocognitive functioning following maltreatment: (a) is evident even in the absence of overt psychopathology; (b) is consistent with perturbations seen in individuals presenting with psychiatric disorder; (c) can predict future psychiatric symptomatology. These findings suggest that maltreatment leads to neurocognitive alterations that embed latent vulnerability to psychiatric disorder, establishing a compelling case for identifying those children at most risk and developing mechanistically informed models of preventative intervention. Such interventions should aim to offset the likelihood of any future psychiatric disorder. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12713 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Commentary: Extraordinary environments, extreme neuroplasticity and mental disorder – reflections on pathways from adversity to mental disorder prompted by McCrory, Gerin, and Viding (2017) / Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.358-360 Titre : Commentary: Extraordinary environments, extreme neuroplasticity and mental disorder – reflections on pathways from adversity to mental disorder prompted by McCrory, Gerin, and Viding (2017) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.358-360 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Resilience  adolescence  maltreatment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neuroplasticity, the brain's capacity to be shaped in response to environmental experience, has been claimed to resemble a double-edged sword – potentiating growth and healing when individuals are exposed to normative, benign or therapeutic environments on the one hand, mediating mental disorder development in those exposed to adversity, on the other. However, questions about the scope and limits of neuroplasticity and, especially, its clinical significance, remain unanswered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12726 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Commentary: Extraordinary environments, extreme neuroplasticity and mental disorder – reflections on pathways from adversity to mental disorder prompted by McCrory, Gerin, and Viding (2017) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Edmund J. S. SONUGA-BARKE, Auteur . - p.358-360. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.358-360 Mots-clés : Resilience  adolescence  maltreatment Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Neuroplasticity, the brain's capacity to be shaped in response to environmental experience, has been claimed to resemble a double-edged sword – potentiating growth and healing when individuals are exposed to normative, benign or therapeutic environments on the one hand, mediating mental disorder development in those exposed to adversity, on the other. However, questions about the scope and limits of neuroplasticity and, especially, its clinical significance, remain unanswered. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12726 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Annual Research Review: On the relations among self-regulation, self-control, executive functioning, effortful control, cognitive control, impulsivity, risk-taking, and inhibition for developmental psychopathology / Joel T. NIGG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.361-383 Titre : Annual Research Review: On the relations among self-regulation, self-control, executive functioning, effortful control, cognitive control, impulsivity, risk-taking, and inhibition for developmental psychopathology Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Joel T. NIGG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.361-383 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Attention  self-control  executive function  impulsivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Self-regulation (SR) is central to developmental psychopathology, but progress has been impeded by varying terminology and meanings across fields and literatures. Methods The present review attempts to move that discussion forward by noting key sources of prior confusion such as measurement-concept confounding, and then arguing the following major points. Results First, the field needs a domain-general construct of SR that encompasses SR of action, emotion, and cognition and involves both top-down and bottom-up regulatory processes. This does not assume a shared core process across emotion, action, and cognition, but is intended to provide clarity on the extent of various claims about kinds of SR. Second, top-down aspects of SR need to be integrated. These include (a) basic processes that develop early and address immediate conflict signals, such as cognitive control and effortful control (EC), and (b) complex cognition and strategies for addressing future conflict, represented by the regulatory application of complex aspects of executive functioning. Executive function (EF) and cognitive control are not identical to SR because they can be used for other activities, but account for top-down aspects of SR at the cognitive level. Third, impulsivity, risk-taking, and disinhibition are distinct although overlapping; a taxonomy of the kinds of breakdowns of SR associated with psychopathology requires their differentiation. Fourth, different aspects of the SR universe can be organized hierarchically in relation to granularity, development, and time. Low-level components assemble into high-level components. This hierarchical perspective is consistent across literatures. Conclusions It is hoped that the framework outlined here will facilitate integration and cross-talk among investigators working from different perspectives, and facilitate individual differences research on how SR relates to developmental psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12675 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Annual Research Review: On the relations among self-regulation, self-control, executive functioning, effortful control, cognitive control, impulsivity, risk-taking, and inhibition for developmental psychopathology [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Joel T. NIGG, Auteur . - p.361-383. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.361-383 Mots-clés : Attention  self-control  executive function  impulsivity Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Self-regulation (SR) is central to developmental psychopathology, but progress has been impeded by varying terminology and meanings across fields and literatures. Methods The present review attempts to move that discussion forward by noting key sources of prior confusion such as measurement-concept confounding, and then arguing the following major points. Results First, the field needs a domain-general construct of SR that encompasses SR of action, emotion, and cognition and involves both top-down and bottom-up regulatory processes. This does not assume a shared core process across emotion, action, and cognition, but is intended to provide clarity on the extent of various claims about kinds of SR. Second, top-down aspects of SR need to be integrated. These include (a) basic processes that develop early and address immediate conflict signals, such as cognitive control and effortful control (EC), and (b) complex cognition and strategies for addressing future conflict, represented by the regulatory application of complex aspects of executive functioning. Executive function (EF) and cognitive control are not identical to SR because they can be used for other activities, but account for top-down aspects of SR at the cognitive level. Third, impulsivity, risk-taking, and disinhibition are distinct although overlapping; a taxonomy of the kinds of breakdowns of SR associated with psychopathology requires their differentiation. Fourth, different aspects of the SR universe can be organized hierarchically in relation to granularity, development, and time. Low-level components assemble into high-level components. This hierarchical perspective is consistent across literatures. Conclusions It is hoped that the framework outlined here will facilitate integration and cross-talk among investigators working from different perspectives, and facilitate individual differences research on how SR relates to developmental psychopathology. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12675 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Commentary: What's in a word (or words) – on the relations among self-regulation, self-control, executive functioning, effortful control, cognitive control, impulsivity, risk-taking, and inhibition for developmental psychopathology – reflections on Nigg (2017) / Nancy EISENBERG in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.384-386 Titre : Commentary: What's in a word (or words) – on the relations among self-regulation, self-control, executive functioning, effortful control, cognitive control, impulsivity, risk-taking, and inhibition for developmental psychopathology – reflections on Nigg (2017) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Nancy EISENBERG, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.384-386 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Self-control  executive function  emotion regulation  temperament  working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In Nigg's excellent article, he deals with a variety of complex conceptual issues related to the constructs of self-regulation and executive functioning (EF). Overall, I agree that the terminology proposed by Nigg should be adopted; moreover, the conceptual distinctions he provides should help the field to move forward with regard to the understanding of varied constructs related to self-regulation. In the spirit of further clarification, I questioned Nigg's suggestions that (a) working memory should be considered as part of the construct of top-down regulation and (b) planning is a higher level component of EF but not part of effortful control. In addition, I discussed my perspective on the role of automaticity in defining top-down versus bottom-up self-regulatory processes and the role of flexibility in top-down self-regulatory processes and their relation to personality resiliency. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12707 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Commentary: What's in a word (or words) – on the relations among self-regulation, self-control, executive functioning, effortful control, cognitive control, impulsivity, risk-taking, and inhibition for developmental psychopathology – reflections on Nigg (2017) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Nancy EISENBERG, Auteur . - p.384-386. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.384-386 Mots-clés : Self-control  executive function  emotion regulation  temperament  working memory Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : In Nigg's excellent article, he deals with a variety of complex conceptual issues related to the constructs of self-regulation and executive functioning (EF). Overall, I agree that the terminology proposed by Nigg should be adopted; moreover, the conceptual distinctions he provides should help the field to move forward with regard to the understanding of varied constructs related to self-regulation. In the spirit of further clarification, I questioned Nigg's suggestions that (a) working memory should be considered as part of the construct of top-down regulation and (b) planning is a higher level component of EF but not part of effortful control. In addition, I discussed my perspective on the role of automaticity in defining top-down versus bottom-up self-regulatory processes and the role of flexibility in top-down self-regulatory processes and their relation to personality resiliency. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12707 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Annual Research Review: An expanded account of information-processing mechanisms in risk for child and adolescent anxiety and depression / Jennifer Y. F. LAU in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.387-407 Titre : Annual Research Review: An expanded account of information-processing mechanisms in risk for child and adolescent anxiety and depression Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Jennifer Y. F. LAU, Auteur ; Allison M. WATERS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.387-407 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Anxiety  depression  risk factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Anxiety and depression occurring during childhood and adolescence are common and costly. While early-emerging anxiety and depression can arise through a complex interplay of ‘distal’ factors such as genetic and environmental influences, temperamental characteristics and brain circuitry, the more proximal mechanisms that transfer risks on symptoms are poorly delineated. Information-processing biases, which differentiate youth with and without anxiety and/or depression, could act as proximal mechanisms that mediate more distal risks on symptoms. This article reviews the literature on information-processing biases, their associations with anxiety and depression symptoms in youth and with other distal risk factors, to provide direction for further research. Methods Based on strategic searches of the literature, we consider how youth with and without anxiety and/or depression vary in how they deploy attention to social-affective stimuli, discriminate between threat and safety cues, retain memories of negative events and appraise ambiguous information. We discuss how these information-processing biases are similarly or differentially expressed on anxiety and depression and whether these biases are linked to genetic and environmental factors, temperamental characteristics and patterns of brain circuitry functioning implicated in anxiety and depression. Findings Biases in attention and appraisal characterise both youth anxiety and depression but with some differences in how these are expressed for each symptom type. Difficulties in threat-safety cue discrimination characterise anxiety and are understudied in depression, while biases in the retrieval of negative and overgeneral memories have been observed in depression but are understudied in anxiety. Information-processing biases have been studied in relation to some distal factors but not systematically, so relationships remain inconclusive. Conclusions Biases in attention, threat-safety cue discrimination, memory and appraisal may characterise anxiety and/or depression risk. We discuss future research directions that can more systematically test whether these biases act as proximal mechanisms that mediate other distal risk factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12653 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Annual Research Review: An expanded account of information-processing mechanisms in risk for child and adolescent anxiety and depression [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Jennifer Y. F. LAU, Auteur ; Allison M. WATERS, Auteur . - p.387-407. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.387-407 Mots-clés : Anxiety  depression  risk factors Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Anxiety and depression occurring during childhood and adolescence are common and costly. While early-emerging anxiety and depression can arise through a complex interplay of ‘distal’ factors such as genetic and environmental influences, temperamental characteristics and brain circuitry, the more proximal mechanisms that transfer risks on symptoms are poorly delineated. Information-processing biases, which differentiate youth with and without anxiety and/or depression, could act as proximal mechanisms that mediate more distal risks on symptoms. This article reviews the literature on information-processing biases, their associations with anxiety and depression symptoms in youth and with other distal risk factors, to provide direction for further research. Methods Based on strategic searches of the literature, we consider how youth with and without anxiety and/or depression vary in how they deploy attention to social-affective stimuli, discriminate between threat and safety cues, retain memories of negative events and appraise ambiguous information. We discuss how these information-processing biases are similarly or differentially expressed on anxiety and depression and whether these biases are linked to genetic and environmental factors, temperamental characteristics and patterns of brain circuitry functioning implicated in anxiety and depression. Findings Biases in attention and appraisal characterise both youth anxiety and depression but with some differences in how these are expressed for each symptom type. Difficulties in threat-safety cue discrimination characterise anxiety and are understudied in depression, while biases in the retrieval of negative and overgeneral memories have been observed in depression but are understudied in anxiety. Information-processing biases have been studied in relation to some distal factors but not systematically, so relationships remain inconclusive. Conclusions Biases in attention, threat-safety cue discrimination, memory and appraisal may characterise anxiety and/or depression risk. We discuss future research directions that can more systematically test whether these biases act as proximal mechanisms that mediate other distal risk factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12653 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Commentary: Information-processing in anxiety and depression – novel targets for translational research, a reflection on Lau and Waters (2017) / Gal ARAD in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.408-410 Titre : Commentary: Information-processing in anxiety and depression – novel targets for translational research, a reflection on Lau and Waters (2017) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Gal ARAD, Auteur ; Yair BAR-HAIM, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.408-410 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Understanding psychopathology in the context of a developmental cognitive neuroscience approach entails the notion that specific individual differences in information processing can serve as both etiologic and maintaining factors in the development of specific disorders. It is posited that such mechanistic understanding of neurocognitive aberrations during development can then serve focused translational efforts in the form of cognitive bias modification treatments. In the review by Lau and Waters (this issue), an astute developmental model is suggested regarding the role of potential neurocognitive mechanisms in depression and anxiety in youth. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12717 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Commentary: Information-processing in anxiety and depression – novel targets for translational research, a reflection on Lau and Waters (2017) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Gal ARAD, Auteur ; Yair BAR-HAIM, Auteur . - p.408-410. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.408-410 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Understanding psychopathology in the context of a developmental cognitive neuroscience approach entails the notion that specific individual differences in information processing can serve as both etiologic and maintaining factors in the development of specific disorders. It is posited that such mechanistic understanding of neurocognitive aberrations during development can then serve focused translational efforts in the form of cognitive bias modification treatments. In the review by Lau and Waters (this issue), an astute developmental model is suggested regarding the role of potential neurocognitive mechanisms in depression and anxiety in youth. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12717 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Annual Research Review: Understudied populations within the autism spectrum – current trends and future directions in neuroimaging research / Allison JACK in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.411-435 Titre : Annual Research Review: Understudied populations within the autism spectrum – current trends and future directions in neuroimaging research Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Allison JACK, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.411-435 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  intellectual disability  neuroimaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental conditions that vary in both etiology and phenotypic expression. Expressions of ASD characterized by a more severe phenotype, including autism with intellectual disability (ASD + ID), autism with a history of developmental regression (ASD + R), and minimally verbal autism (ASD + MV) are understudied generally, and especially in the domain of neuroimaging. However, neuroimaging methods are a potentially powerful tool for understanding the etiology of these ASD subtypes. Scope and methodology This review evaluates existing neuroimaging research on ASD + MV, ASD + ID, and ASD + R, identified by a search of the literature using the PubMed database, and discusses methodological, theoretical, and practical considerations for future research involving neuroimaging assessment of these populations. Findings There is a paucity of neuroimaging research on ASD + ID, ASD + MV, and ASD + R, and what findings do exist are often contradictory, or so sparse as to be ungeneralizable. We suggest that while greater sample sizes and more studies are necessary, more important would be a paradigm shift toward multimodal (e.g. imaging genetics) approaches that allow for the characterization of heterogeneity within etiologically diverse samples. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12687 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Annual Research Review: Understudied populations within the autism spectrum – current trends and future directions in neuroimaging research [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Allison JACK, Auteur ; Kevin A. PELPHREY, Auteur . - p.411-435. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.411-435 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  intellectual disability  neuroimaging Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental conditions that vary in both etiology and phenotypic expression. Expressions of ASD characterized by a more severe phenotype, including autism with intellectual disability (ASD + ID), autism with a history of developmental regression (ASD + R), and minimally verbal autism (ASD + MV) are understudied generally, and especially in the domain of neuroimaging. However, neuroimaging methods are a potentially powerful tool for understanding the etiology of these ASD subtypes. Scope and methodology This review evaluates existing neuroimaging research on ASD + MV, ASD + ID, and ASD + R, identified by a search of the literature using the PubMed database, and discusses methodological, theoretical, and practical considerations for future research involving neuroimaging assessment of these populations. Findings There is a paucity of neuroimaging research on ASD + ID, ASD + MV, and ASD + R, and what findings do exist are often contradictory, or so sparse as to be ungeneralizable. We suggest that while greater sample sizes and more studies are necessary, more important would be a paradigm shift toward multimodal (e.g. imaging genetics) approaches that allow for the characterization of heterogeneity within etiologically diverse samples. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12687 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Commentary: Critical considerations for studying low-functioning autism / Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.436-438 Titre : Commentary: Critical considerations for studying low-functioning autism Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.436-438 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  functional MRI  cognitive impairment  nosology  research design Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Jack and Pelphrey provide a systematic review of neuroimaging studies in understudied populations within the autistic spectrum, focussing specifically on those with minimal verbal ability, intellectual disability and developmental regression. Despite accounting for nearly a third of the autistic spectrum, the number of studies focussing on these populations is extremely low. This review highlights a critical need for further neuroimaging research on these populations, and provides practical suggestions for overcoming the challenges posed by it. In this commentary, I discuss some of the theoretical questions that arise from the review, on the conceptualisation of the autistic spectrum as well as on optimising experimental design and analysis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12720 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Commentary: Critical considerations for studying low-functioning autism [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Bhismadev CHAKRABARTI, Auteur . - p.436-438. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.436-438 Mots-clés : Autism spectrum disorders  functional MRI  cognitive impairment  nosology  research design Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Jack and Pelphrey provide a systematic review of neuroimaging studies in understudied populations within the autistic spectrum, focussing specifically on those with minimal verbal ability, intellectual disability and developmental regression. Despite accounting for nearly a third of the autistic spectrum, the number of studies focussing on these populations is extremely low. This review highlights a critical need for further neuroimaging research on these populations, and provides practical suggestions for overcoming the challenges posed by it. In this commentary, I discuss some of the theoretical questions that arise from the review, on the conceptualisation of the autistic spectrum as well as on optimising experimental design and analysis. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12720 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Annual Research Review: Quality of life and childhood mental and behavioural disorders – a critical review of the research / Ulf JONSSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.439-469 Titre : Annual Research Review: Quality of life and childhood mental and behavioural disorders – a critical review of the research Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ulf JONSSON, Auteur ; Iman ALAIE, Auteur ; Anna LÖFGREN WILTEUS, Auteur ; Eric ZANDER, Auteur ; Peter B. MARSCHIK, Auteur ; David COGHILL, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.439-469 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Quality of life  psychopathology  mental health  adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background An individual's subjective perception of well-being is increasingly recognized as an essential complement to clinical symptomatology and functional impairment in children's mental health. Measurement of quality of life (QoL) has the potential to give due weight to the child's perspective. Scope and methodology Our aim was to critically review the current evidence on how childhood mental disorders affect QoL. First, the major challenges in this research field are outlined. Then we present a systematic review of QoL in children and adolescents aged 0–18 years formally diagnosed with a mental and behavioural disorder, as compared to healthy or typically developing children or children with other health conditions. Finally, we discuss limitations of the current evidence base and future directions based on the results of the systematic review and other relevant literature. Findings and conclusions The systematic review identified 41 eligible studies. All were published after the year 2000 and 21 originated in Europe. The majority examined QoL in neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (k = 17), autism spectrum disorder (k = 6), motor disorders (k = 5) and intellectual disability (k = 4). Despite substantial heterogeneity, studies demonstrate that self-reported global QoL is significantly reduced compared to typical/healthy controls across several disorders and QoL dimensions. Parents’ ratings were on average substantially lower, casting doubt on the validity of proxy-report. Studies for large diagnostic groups such as depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, (early onset) schizophrenia and eating disorders are largely lacking. We conclude that representative, well-characterized normative and clinical samples as well as longitudinal and qualitative designs are needed to further clarify the construct of QoL, to derive measures of high ecological validity, and to examine how QoL fluctuates over time and is attributable to specific conditions or contextual factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12645 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Annual Research Review: Quality of life and childhood mental and behavioural disorders – a critical review of the research [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ulf JONSSON, Auteur ; Iman ALAIE, Auteur ; Anna LÖFGREN WILTEUS, Auteur ; Eric ZANDER, Auteur ; Peter B. MARSCHIK, Auteur ; David COGHILL, Auteur ; Sven BÖLTE, Auteur . - p.439-469. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.439-469 Mots-clés : Quality of life  psychopathology  mental health  adolescence Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background An individual's subjective perception of well-being is increasingly recognized as an essential complement to clinical symptomatology and functional impairment in children's mental health. Measurement of quality of life (QoL) has the potential to give due weight to the child's perspective. Scope and methodology Our aim was to critically review the current evidence on how childhood mental disorders affect QoL. First, the major challenges in this research field are outlined. Then we present a systematic review of QoL in children and adolescents aged 0–18 years formally diagnosed with a mental and behavioural disorder, as compared to healthy or typically developing children or children with other health conditions. Finally, we discuss limitations of the current evidence base and future directions based on the results of the systematic review and other relevant literature. Findings and conclusions The systematic review identified 41 eligible studies. All were published after the year 2000 and 21 originated in Europe. The majority examined QoL in neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (k = 17), autism spectrum disorder (k = 6), motor disorders (k = 5) and intellectual disability (k = 4). Despite substantial heterogeneity, studies demonstrate that self-reported global QoL is significantly reduced compared to typical/healthy controls across several disorders and QoL dimensions. Parents’ ratings were on average substantially lower, casting doubt on the validity of proxy-report. Studies for large diagnostic groups such as depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, (early onset) schizophrenia and eating disorders are largely lacking. We conclude that representative, well-characterized normative and clinical samples as well as longitudinal and qualitative designs are needed to further clarify the construct of QoL, to derive measures of high ecological validity, and to examine how QoL fluctuates over time and is attributable to specific conditions or contextual factors. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12645 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Commentary: What makes a life go well? Moral functioning and quality of life measurement in neurodevelopmental disorders – reflections on Jonsson et al. (2017) / Ilina SINGH in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.470-473 Titre : Commentary: What makes a life go well? Moral functioning and quality of life measurement in neurodevelopmental disorders – reflections on Jonsson et al. (2017) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Ilina SINGH, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.470-473 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Jonsson et al.'s excellent review of the literature on quality of life (QoL) and childhood mental and behavioural disorders (Jonsson et al., ) highlights the need for studies that utilise child self-reported QoL, in contrast to parent or proxy QoL measures, and further challenges the field to develop QoL measures that ‘put the child's own views and priorities first’. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12716 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Commentary: What makes a life go well? Moral functioning and quality of life measurement in neurodevelopmental disorders – reflections on Jonsson et al. (2017) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Ilina SINGH, Auteur . - p.470-473. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.470-473 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Jonsson et al.'s excellent review of the literature on quality of life (QoL) and childhood mental and behavioural disorders (Jonsson et al., ) highlights the need for studies that utilise child self-reported QoL, in contrast to parent or proxy QoL measures, and further challenges the field to develop QoL measures that ‘put the child's own views and priorities first’. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12716 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Annual Research Review: Digital health interventions for children and young people with mental health problems – a systematic and meta-review / Chris HOLLIS in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.474-503 Titre : Annual Research Review: Digital health interventions for children and young people with mental health problems – a systematic and meta-review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Chris HOLLIS, Auteur ; Caroline J. FALCONER, Auteur ; Jennifer L. MARTIN, Auteur ; Craig WHITTINGTON, Auteur ; Sarah STOCKTON, Auteur ; Cris GLAZEBROOK, Auteur ; E. Bethan DAVIES, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.474-503 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Digital health  mental health  eHealth  methodology  randomised controlled trials  prevention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Digital health interventions (DHIs), including computer-assisted therapy, smartphone apps and wearable technologies, are heralded as having enormous potential to improve uptake and accessibility, efficiency, clinical effectiveness and personalisation of mental health interventions. It is generally assumed that DHIs will be preferred by children and young people (CYP) given their ubiquitous digital activity. However, it remains uncertain whether: DHIs for CYP are clinically and cost-effective, CYP prefer DHIs to traditional services, DHIs widen access and how they should be evaluated and adopted by mental health services. This review evaluates the evidence-base for DHIs and considers the key research questions and approaches to evaluation and implementation. Methods We conducted a meta-review of scoping, narrative, systematic or meta-analytical reviews investigating the effectiveness of DHIs for mental health problems in CYP. We also updated a systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of DHIs for CYP published in the last 3 years. Results Twenty-one reviews were included in the meta-review. The findings provide some support for the clinical benefit of DHIs, particularly computerised cognitive behavioural therapy (cCBT), for depression and anxiety in adolescents and young adults. The systematic review identified 30 new RCTs evaluating DHIs for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, anxiety, depression, psychosis, eating disorders and PTSD. The benefits of DHIs in managing ADHD, autism, psychosis and eating disorders are uncertain, and evidence is lacking regarding the cost-effectiveness of DHIs. Conclusions Key methodological limitations make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions from existing clinical trials of DHIs. Issues include variable uptake and engagement with DHIs, lack of an agreed typology/taxonomy for DHIs, small sample sizes, lack of blinded outcome assessment, combining different comparators, short-term follow-up and poor specification of the level of human support. Research and practice recommendations are presented that address the key research questions and methodological issues for the evaluation and clinical implementation of DHIs for CYP. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12663 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Annual Research Review: Digital health interventions for children and young people with mental health problems – a systematic and meta-review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Chris HOLLIS, Auteur ; Caroline J. FALCONER, Auteur ; Jennifer L. MARTIN, Auteur ; Craig WHITTINGTON, Auteur ; Sarah STOCKTON, Auteur ; Cris GLAZEBROOK, Auteur ; E. Bethan DAVIES, Auteur . - p.474-503. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.474-503 Mots-clés : Digital health  mental health  eHealth  methodology  randomised controlled trials  prevention Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Digital health interventions (DHIs), including computer-assisted therapy, smartphone apps and wearable technologies, are heralded as having enormous potential to improve uptake and accessibility, efficiency, clinical effectiveness and personalisation of mental health interventions. It is generally assumed that DHIs will be preferred by children and young people (CYP) given their ubiquitous digital activity. However, it remains uncertain whether: DHIs for CYP are clinically and cost-effective, CYP prefer DHIs to traditional services, DHIs widen access and how they should be evaluated and adopted by mental health services. This review evaluates the evidence-base for DHIs and considers the key research questions and approaches to evaluation and implementation. Methods We conducted a meta-review of scoping, narrative, systematic or meta-analytical reviews investigating the effectiveness of DHIs for mental health problems in CYP. We also updated a systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of DHIs for CYP published in the last 3 years. Results Twenty-one reviews were included in the meta-review. The findings provide some support for the clinical benefit of DHIs, particularly computerised cognitive behavioural therapy (cCBT), for depression and anxiety in adolescents and young adults. The systematic review identified 30 new RCTs evaluating DHIs for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, anxiety, depression, psychosis, eating disorders and PTSD. The benefits of DHIs in managing ADHD, autism, psychosis and eating disorders are uncertain, and evidence is lacking regarding the cost-effectiveness of DHIs. Conclusions Key methodological limitations make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions from existing clinical trials of DHIs. Issues include variable uptake and engagement with DHIs, lack of an agreed typology/taxonomy for DHIs, small sample sizes, lack of blinded outcome assessment, combining different comparators, short-term follow-up and poor specification of the level of human support. Research and practice recommendations are presented that address the key research questions and methodological issues for the evaluation and clinical implementation of DHIs for CYP. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12663 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Commentary: All that glisters is not gold – reflections on Hollis et al. 2017 / Roz SHAFRAN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.504-506 Titre : Commentary: All that glisters is not gold – reflections on Hollis et al. 2017 Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Roz SHAFRAN, Auteur ; Sophie D. BENNETT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.504-506 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Digital Health Innovations have great potential to improve access to evidence-based psychological therapies. This comprehensive review and meta-analysis sets out the current state of the field including the efficacy of the interventions for different types of mental health problems and the desirability of the interventions from the patients’ perspective. It also highlights the poor methodology of much of the research and suggests important ways forward to improve the quality of the data. The importance of assessing and understanding the potential negative impact of such interventions is emphasised both in the review and the commentary, and suggestions are made to maximise the likelihood that such interventions are accessible within routine services. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12715 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Commentary: All that glisters is not gold – reflections on Hollis et al. 2017 [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Roz SHAFRAN, Auteur ; Sophie D. BENNETT, Auteur . - p.504-506. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.504-506 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Digital Health Innovations have great potential to improve access to evidence-based psychological therapies. This comprehensive review and meta-analysis sets out the current state of the field including the efficacy of the interventions for different types of mental health problems and the desirability of the interventions from the patients’ perspective. It also highlights the poor methodology of much of the research and suggests important ways forward to improve the quality of the data. The importance of assessing and understanding the potential negative impact of such interventions is emphasised both in the review and the commentary, and suggestions are made to maximise the likelihood that such interventions are accessible within routine services. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12715 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Annual Research Review: Breaking cycles of violence – a systematic review and common practice elements analysis of psychosocial interventions for children and youth affected by armed conflict / Felicity L. BROWN in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.507-524 Titre : Annual Research Review: Breaking cycles of violence – a systematic review and common practice elements analysis of psychosocial interventions for children and youth affected by armed conflict Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Felicity L. BROWN, Auteur ; Anne M. DE GRAAFF, Auteur ; Jeannie ANNAN, Auteur ; Theresa S. BETANCOURT, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.507-524 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Armed conflict  war  violence  developing countries  children  adolescents  youth  mental health  well-being  psychosocial treatment  systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Globally, one in 10 children live in regions affected by armed conflict. Children exposed to armed conflict are vulnerable to social and emotional difficulties, along with disrupted educational and occupational opportunities. Most armed conflicts occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where mental health systems are limited and can be further weakened by the context of war. Research is needed to determine feasible and cost-effective psychosocial interventions that can be delivered safely by available mental health workforces (including nonspecialists). A vital first step toward achieving this is to examine evidence-based psychosocial interventions and identify the common therapeutic techniques being used across these treatments. Methods A systematic review of psychosocial interventions for conflict-affected children and youth living in LMICs was performed. Studies were identified through database searches (PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PILOTS and Web of Science Core Collection), hand-searching of reference lists, and contacting expert researchers. The PracticeWise coding system was used to distill the practice elements within clinical protocols. Results Twenty-eight randomized controlled trials and controlled trials conducted in conflict-affected settings, and 25 efficacious treatments were identified. Several practice elements were found across more than 50% of the intervention protocols of these treatments. These were access promotion, psychoeducation for children and parents, insight building, rapport building techniques, cognitive strategies, use of narratives, exposure techniques, and relapse prevention. Conclusions Identification of the common practice elements of effective interventions for conflict-affected children and youth can inform essential future treatment development, implementation, and evaluation for this vulnerable population. To further advance the field, research should focus on identifying which of these elements are the active ingredients for clinical change, along with attention to costs of delivery, training, supervision and how to sustain quality implementation over time. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12671 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Annual Research Review: Breaking cycles of violence – a systematic review and common practice elements analysis of psychosocial interventions for children and youth affected by armed conflict [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Felicity L. BROWN, Auteur ; Anne M. DE GRAAFF, Auteur ; Jeannie ANNAN, Auteur ; Theresa S. BETANCOURT, Auteur . - p.507-524. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.507-524 Mots-clés : Armed conflict  war  violence  developing countries  children  adolescents  youth  mental health  well-being  psychosocial treatment  systematic review Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Background Globally, one in 10 children live in regions affected by armed conflict. Children exposed to armed conflict are vulnerable to social and emotional difficulties, along with disrupted educational and occupational opportunities. Most armed conflicts occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where mental health systems are limited and can be further weakened by the context of war. Research is needed to determine feasible and cost-effective psychosocial interventions that can be delivered safely by available mental health workforces (including nonspecialists). A vital first step toward achieving this is to examine evidence-based psychosocial interventions and identify the common therapeutic techniques being used across these treatments. Methods A systematic review of psychosocial interventions for conflict-affected children and youth living in LMICs was performed. Studies were identified through database searches (PsycINFO, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PILOTS and Web of Science Core Collection), hand-searching of reference lists, and contacting expert researchers. The PracticeWise coding system was used to distill the practice elements within clinical protocols. Results Twenty-eight randomized controlled trials and controlled trials conducted in conflict-affected settings, and 25 efficacious treatments were identified. Several practice elements were found across more than 50% of the intervention protocols of these treatments. These were access promotion, psychoeducation for children and parents, insight building, rapport building techniques, cognitive strategies, use of narratives, exposure techniques, and relapse prevention. Conclusions Identification of the common practice elements of effective interventions for conflict-affected children and youth can inform essential future treatment development, implementation, and evaluation for this vulnerable population. To further advance the field, research should focus on identifying which of these elements are the active ingredients for clinical change, along with attention to costs of delivery, training, supervision and how to sustain quality implementation over time. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12671 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305

Commentary: Distillation and element-based design of psychological treatments in global mental health – a commentary on Brown et al. (2017) / Daniel MICHELSON in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58-4 (April 2017)  

Public ISBD [article]  inJournal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.525-527 Titre : Commentary: Distillation and element-based design of psychological treatments in global mental health – a commentary on Brown et al. (2017) Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Daniel MICHELSON, Auteur ; Vikram PATEL, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.525-527 Langues : Anglais (eng) Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This commentary reflects on the “elements” approach in psychological treatment research, and its specific application to a systematic review of psychosocial interventions for youth in conflict-affected areas. We discuss three key questions for the field. First, what psychological treatment elements are necessary and/or sufficient to achieve clinically significant change for a given population? Second, how should elements be sequenced to achieve optimal outcomes? Third, what might account for the large heterogeneity observed in psychological treatment trials, other than the constituent practice elements? We conclude by describing a new research programme that aims to develop a transdiagnostic intervention targeting common mental health difficulties among school-going adolescents in India. The initial experience of this programme affirms the utility of aligning an elements approach with contextually-sensitive formative research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12714 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305 [article] Commentary: Distillation and element-based design of psychological treatments in global mental health – a commentary on Brown et al. (2017) [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Daniel MICHELSON, Auteur ; Vikram PATEL, Auteur . - p.525-527. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry > 58-4 (April 2017) . - p.525-527 Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This commentary reflects on the “elements” approach in psychological treatment research, and its specific application to a systematic review of psychosocial interventions for youth in conflict-affected areas. We discuss three key questions for the field. First, what psychological treatment elements are necessary and/or sufficient to achieve clinically significant change for a given population? Second, how should elements be sequenced to achieve optimal outcomes? Third, what might account for the large heterogeneity observed in psychological treatment trials, other than the constituent practice elements? We conclude by describing a new research programme that aims to develop a transdiagnostic intervention targeting common mental health difficulties among school-going adolescents in India. The initial experience of this programme affirms the utility of aligning an elements approach with contextually-sensitive formative research. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12714 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=305