Dépouillements

The effect of physical activity interventions on youth with autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analysis / S. HEALY in Autism Research, 11-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.818-833 Titre : The effect of physical activity interventions on youth with autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analysis Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. HEALY, Auteur ; A. NACARIO, Auteur ; R. E. BRAITHWAITE, Auteur ; C. HOPPER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.818-833 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asd  Exercise  evidence-based strategy  sport  youth Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the effect of physical activity interventions on youth diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Standard meta-analytical procedures determining inclusion criteria, literature searches in electronic databases, coding procedures, and statistical methods were used to identify and synthesize articles retained for analysis. Hedge's g (1988) was utilized to interpret effect sizes and quantify research findings. Moderator and outcome variables were assessed using coding procedures. A total of 29 studies with 30 independent samples (N = 1009) were utilized in this analysis. Results from meta-analyses indicated an overall moderate effect (g = 0.62). Several outcomes indicated moderate-to-large effects (g >/= 0.5); specifically, moderate to large positive effects were revealed for participants exposed to interventions targeting the development of manipulative skills, locomotor skills, skill-related fitness, social functioning, and muscular strength and endurance. Moderator analyses were conducted to explain variance between groups; environment was the only subgrouping variable (intervention characteristics) to produce a significant difference (QB = 5.67, P < 0.05) between moderators. While no significant differences were found between other moderators, several trends were apparent within groups in which experimental groups outperformed control groups. Autism Res 2018, 11: 818-833. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Results of the meta-analysis-a method for synthesizing research-showed physical activity interventions to have a moderate or large effect on a variety of outcomes, including for the development of manipulative skills, locomotor skills, skill-related fitness, social functioning, and muscular strength and endurance. The authors conclude that physical activity's standing as an evidence-based strategy for youth with ASD is reinforced. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1955 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] The effect of physical activity interventions on youth with autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analysis [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. HEALY, Auteur ; A. NACARIO, Auteur ; R. E. BRAITHWAITE, Auteur ; C. HOPPER, Auteur . - p.818-833. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.818-833 Mots-clés : Asd  Exercise  evidence-based strategy  sport  youth Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the effect of physical activity interventions on youth diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Standard meta-analytical procedures determining inclusion criteria, literature searches in electronic databases, coding procedures, and statistical methods were used to identify and synthesize articles retained for analysis. Hedge's g (1988) was utilized to interpret effect sizes and quantify research findings. Moderator and outcome variables were assessed using coding procedures. A total of 29 studies with 30 independent samples (N = 1009) were utilized in this analysis. Results from meta-analyses indicated an overall moderate effect (g = 0.62). Several outcomes indicated moderate-to-large effects (g >/= 0.5); specifically, moderate to large positive effects were revealed for participants exposed to interventions targeting the development of manipulative skills, locomotor skills, skill-related fitness, social functioning, and muscular strength and endurance. Moderator analyses were conducted to explain variance between groups; environment was the only subgrouping variable (intervention characteristics) to produce a significant difference (QB = 5.67, P < 0.05) between moderators. While no significant differences were found between other moderators, several trends were apparent within groups in which experimental groups outperformed control groups. Autism Res 2018, 11: 818-833. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Results of the meta-analysis-a method for synthesizing research-showed physical activity interventions to have a moderate or large effect on a variety of outcomes, including for the development of manipulative skills, locomotor skills, skill-related fitness, social functioning, and muscular strength and endurance. The authors conclude that physical activity's standing as an evidence-based strategy for youth with ASD is reinforced. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1955 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

Chinese children with autism: A multiple chemical elements profile in erythrocytes / J. WU in Autism Research, 11-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.834-845 Titre : Chinese children with autism: A multiple chemical elements profile in erythrocytes Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : J. WU, Auteur ; D. J. LIU, Auteur ; X. J. SHOU, Auteur ; J. S. ZHANG, Auteur ; F. C. MENG, Auteur ; Y. Q. LIU, Auteur ; S. P. HAN, Auteur ; R. ZHANG, Auteur ; J. Z. JIA, Auteur ; J. Y. WANG, Auteur ; J. S. HAN, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.834-845 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Asd  Cars  autism  erythrocyte  essential minerals  multi-elements  rare earth elements  toxic metals Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Several lines of evidence suggested that abnormal levels of certain chemical elements may contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The present work aimed to investigate the multiple chemical elements profile in the erythrocytes of autistic versus typically developing children (TDC) of China. Analyses were carried out to explore the possible association between levels of elements and the risk as well as the severity of ASD. Erythrocyte levels of 11 elements (32%) among 34 detected elements in autistic group were significantly different from those in the TDC group. To our knowledge, this is the first study which compared the levels of rare earth elements in erythrocytes between children with or without ASD. Five elements including Pb, Na, Ca, Sb, and La are associated with the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) total score. Also, a series of tendencies were found in this research which was believed to affect auditory response, taste, smell, and touch, as well as fear or nervousness. It can be concluded that Chinese autistic children suffer from multi-chemical element imbalances which involves a complex combination of genetic and environmental factors. The results showed a significant correlation between abnormal levels of several chemical elements and the severity of the autistic syndrome. LAY SUMMARY: It is suggested that abnormal levels of some chemical elements may contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In this work, the impact of element imbalances on the risk and severity of ASD was investigated, focusing on the analysis of abnormal levels of the multi-chemical elements profile in erythrocytes compared with typically developing children. Furthermore, the results showed a significant correlation between abnormal levels of several chemical elements and the severity of the autistic syndrome. Autism Res 2018, 11: 834-845. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1949 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] Chinese children with autism: A multiple chemical elements profile in erythrocytes [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / J. WU, Auteur ; D. J. LIU, Auteur ; X. J. SHOU, Auteur ; J. S. ZHANG, Auteur ; F. C. MENG, Auteur ; Y. Q. LIU, Auteur ; S. P. HAN, Auteur ; R. ZHANG, Auteur ; J. Z. JIA, Auteur ; J. Y. WANG, Auteur ; J. S. HAN, Auteur . - p.834-845. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.834-845 Mots-clés : Asd  Cars  autism  erythrocyte  essential minerals  multi-elements  rare earth elements  toxic metals Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Several lines of evidence suggested that abnormal levels of certain chemical elements may contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The present work aimed to investigate the multiple chemical elements profile in the erythrocytes of autistic versus typically developing children (TDC) of China. Analyses were carried out to explore the possible association between levels of elements and the risk as well as the severity of ASD. Erythrocyte levels of 11 elements (32%) among 34 detected elements in autistic group were significantly different from those in the TDC group. To our knowledge, this is the first study which compared the levels of rare earth elements in erythrocytes between children with or without ASD. Five elements including Pb, Na, Ca, Sb, and La are associated with the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) total score. Also, a series of tendencies were found in this research which was believed to affect auditory response, taste, smell, and touch, as well as fear or nervousness. It can be concluded that Chinese autistic children suffer from multi-chemical element imbalances which involves a complex combination of genetic and environmental factors. The results showed a significant correlation between abnormal levels of several chemical elements and the severity of the autistic syndrome. LAY SUMMARY: It is suggested that abnormal levels of some chemical elements may contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In this work, the impact of element imbalances on the risk and severity of ASD was investigated, focusing on the analysis of abnormal levels of the multi-chemical elements profile in erythrocytes compared with typically developing children. Furthermore, the results showed a significant correlation between abnormal levels of several chemical elements and the severity of the autistic syndrome. Autism Res 2018, 11: 834-845. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1949 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

Skeletal Growth Dysregulation in Australian Male Infants and Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder / C. C. GREEN in Autism Research, 11-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.846-856 Titre : Skeletal Growth Dysregulation in Australian Male Infants and Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. C. GREEN, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur ; D. Z. LOESCH, Auteur ; M. BUI, Auteur ; Josephine BARBARO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.846-856 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  body height  body size  child  growth  head circumference  infant Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent findings suggest that children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are larger in size for head circumference (HC), height, and weight compared to typically developing (TD) children; however, little is known about their rate of growth, especially in height and weight. The current study aimed to: (a) confirm and extend upon previous findings of early generalized overgrowth in ASD; and (b) determine if there were any differences in the rate of growth between infants and toddlers with ASD compared to their TD peers. Measurements of HC, height, and weight were available for 135 boys with ASD and 74 TD boys, from birth through 3 years of age. Size and growth rate in HC, height, and weight were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model. Infants with ASD were significantly smaller in size at birth for HC, body length, and weight compared to TD infants (all P < 0.05); however, they grew at a significantly faster rate in HC and height in comparison to the TD children (P < 0.001); there was no significant difference between the groups in growth rate for weight (P > 0.05). The results confirmed that male infants and toddlers with ASD exhibit skeletal growth dysregulation early in life. Autism Res 2018, 11: 846-856. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Recent findings suggest that infants with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are smaller in size at birth compared to typically developing infants but grow larger than their peers during the first year. Little is known about their rate of growth, especially for height and weight. Our findings confirmed that infants with ASD are smaller in size at birth for head circumference (HC), height, and weight, but grow at a faster rate in HC and height than their peers from birth to 3 years. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1952 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] Skeletal Growth Dysregulation in Australian Male Infants and Toddlers With Autism Spectrum Disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. C. GREEN, Auteur ; Cheryl DISSANAYAKE, Auteur ; D. Z. LOESCH, Auteur ; M. BUI, Auteur ; Josephine BARBARO, Auteur . - p.846-856. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.846-856 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  body height  body size  child  growth  head circumference  infant Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Recent findings suggest that children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are larger in size for head circumference (HC), height, and weight compared to typically developing (TD) children; however, little is known about their rate of growth, especially in height and weight. The current study aimed to: (a) confirm and extend upon previous findings of early generalized overgrowth in ASD; and (b) determine if there were any differences in the rate of growth between infants and toddlers with ASD compared to their TD peers. Measurements of HC, height, and weight were available for 135 boys with ASD and 74 TD boys, from birth through 3 years of age. Size and growth rate in HC, height, and weight were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model. Infants with ASD were significantly smaller in size at birth for HC, body length, and weight compared to TD infants (all P < 0.05); however, they grew at a significantly faster rate in HC and height in comparison to the TD children (P < 0.001); there was no significant difference between the groups in growth rate for weight (P > 0.05). The results confirmed that male infants and toddlers with ASD exhibit skeletal growth dysregulation early in life. Autism Res 2018, 11: 846-856. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Recent findings suggest that infants with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are smaller in size at birth compared to typically developing infants but grow larger than their peers during the first year. Little is known about their rate of growth, especially for height and weight. Our findings confirmed that infants with ASD are smaller in size at birth for head circumference (HC), height, and weight, but grow at a faster rate in HC and height than their peers from birth to 3 years. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1952 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

School dysfunction in youth with autistic spectrum disorder in Taiwan: The effect of subtype and ADHD / Huey-Ling CHIANG in Autism Research, 11-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.857-869 Titre : School dysfunction in youth with autistic spectrum disorder in Taiwan: The effect of subtype and ADHD Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Huey-Ling CHIANG, Auteur ; W. C. KAO, Auteur ; Miao-Churn CHOU, Auteur ; W. J. CHOU, Auteur ; Yen-Nan CHIU, Auteur ; Y. Y. WU, Auteur ; S. S. GAU, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.857-869 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  intelligence  personal characteristics  school dysfunction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : School dysfunction is observed in youths with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the factors moderating their school dysfunction have not been well explored. This study investigated school functions in youths with ASD in Taiwan, stratified by personal characteristics including demographics, ASD subtypes, intelligence profiles, and the presence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We recruited 160 youths (aged 6-18 years, 87.5% boys) with a clinical diagnosis of ASD and 160 age and gender-matched typically developing (TD) youths. Their parents received a semi-structured psychiatric interview for their ASD and ADHD diagnoses and reported their school functions. Youths with ASD were further grouped into low-functioning autism (LFA, ASD with intellectual disability and developmental language delay, n = 44), high-functioning autism (HFA, ASD with no intellectual disability, n = 55) and Asperger's syndrome (AS, ASD with neither language delay nor intellectual disability, n = 61). Compared to TD, ASD had worse school functions in the domains of academic performance, attitude toward schoolwork, social interaction, and behavioral problems except for no academic differences from TD in HFA and ASD without ADHD. Subgroup analysis revealed that HFA and AS had better academic performance but showed worse attitude toward school than LFA. Comorbidity of ADHD negatively impacted all domains of school functions. Besides autistic and ADHD symptoms, oppositional symptoms, lower intelligence, older age, and female gender in youths also predicted school dysfunction. Although youths with ASD have school dysfunction in several domains, this study specifically addresses the role of intelligence and comorbid ADHD on their school dysfunction. Autism Res 2018, 11: 857-869. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Impaired school functions varied in ASD youths with different characteristics. Youths with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) encounter varying levels and domains of impaired performance at schools, such as lower academic performance, negative attitude toward school work, fewer reciprocal friendships, and more behavioral problems. Our results indicate that ASD youths without intellectual disability had better academic performance, but worse attitude toward school than those with intellectual disability. Co-occurrence with ADHD is associated with school dysfunction. In summary, intelligence and comorbid ADHD influences several domains of school functions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1923 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] School dysfunction in youth with autistic spectrum disorder in Taiwan: The effect of subtype and ADHD [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Huey-Ling CHIANG, Auteur ; W. C. KAO, Auteur ; Miao-Churn CHOU, Auteur ; W. J. CHOU, Auteur ; Yen-Nan CHIU, Auteur ; Y. Y. WU, Auteur ; S. S. GAU, Auteur . - p.857-869. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.857-869 Mots-clés : attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)  autism spectrum disorder (ASD)  intelligence  personal characteristics  school dysfunction Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : School dysfunction is observed in youths with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the factors moderating their school dysfunction have not been well explored. This study investigated school functions in youths with ASD in Taiwan, stratified by personal characteristics including demographics, ASD subtypes, intelligence profiles, and the presence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We recruited 160 youths (aged 6-18 years, 87.5% boys) with a clinical diagnosis of ASD and 160 age and gender-matched typically developing (TD) youths. Their parents received a semi-structured psychiatric interview for their ASD and ADHD diagnoses and reported their school functions. Youths with ASD were further grouped into low-functioning autism (LFA, ASD with intellectual disability and developmental language delay, n = 44), high-functioning autism (HFA, ASD with no intellectual disability, n = 55) and Asperger's syndrome (AS, ASD with neither language delay nor intellectual disability, n = 61). Compared to TD, ASD had worse school functions in the domains of academic performance, attitude toward schoolwork, social interaction, and behavioral problems except for no academic differences from TD in HFA and ASD without ADHD. Subgroup analysis revealed that HFA and AS had better academic performance but showed worse attitude toward school than LFA. Comorbidity of ADHD negatively impacted all domains of school functions. Besides autistic and ADHD symptoms, oppositional symptoms, lower intelligence, older age, and female gender in youths also predicted school dysfunction. Although youths with ASD have school dysfunction in several domains, this study specifically addresses the role of intelligence and comorbid ADHD on their school dysfunction. Autism Res 2018, 11: 857-869. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Impaired school functions varied in ASD youths with different characteristics. Youths with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) encounter varying levels and domains of impaired performance at schools, such as lower academic performance, negative attitude toward school work, fewer reciprocal friendships, and more behavioral problems. Our results indicate that ASD youths without intellectual disability had better academic performance, but worse attitude toward school than those with intellectual disability. Co-occurrence with ADHD is associated with school dysfunction. In summary, intelligence and comorbid ADHD influences several domains of school functions. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1923 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

Goal prediction in 2-year-old children with and without autism spectrum disorder: An eye-tracking study / S. KROGH-JESPERSEN in Autism Research, 11-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.870-882 Titre : Goal prediction in 2-year-old children with and without autism spectrum disorder: An eye-tracking study Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. KROGH-JESPERSEN, Auteur ; Zsuzsa KALDY, Auteur ; A. G. VALADEZ, Auteur ; Alice S. CARTER, Auteur ; A. L. WOODWARD, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.870-882 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  eye-tracking  goal prediction speed  goal-based action predictions  infants  prospective reasoning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined the predictive reasoning abilities of typically developing (TD) infants and 2-year-old children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in an eye-tracking paradigm. Participants watched a video of a goal-directed action in which a human actor reached for and grasped one of two objects. At test, the objects switched locations. Across these events, we measured: visual anticipation of the action outcome with kinematic cues (i.e., a completed reaching behavior); goal prediction of the action outcome without kinematic cues (i.e., an incomplete reach); and latencies to generate predictions across these two tasks. Results revealed similarities in action anticipation across groups when trajectory information regarding the intended goal was present; however, when predicting the goal without kinematic cues, developmental and diagnostic differences became evident. Younger TD children generated goal-based visual predictions, whereas older TD children were not systematic in their visual predictions. In contrast to both TD groups, children with ASD generated location-based predictions, suggesting that their visual predictions may reflect visuomotor perseveration. Together, these results suggest differences in early predictive reasoning abilities. Autism Res 2018, 11: 870-882. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The current study examines the ability to generate visual predictions regarding other people's goal-directed actions, specifically reaching and grasping an object, in infants and children with and without autism spectrum disorder. Results showed no differences in abilities when movement information about a person's goal was evident; however, differences were evident across age and clinical diagnoses when relying on previous knowledge to generate a visual prediction. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1936 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] Goal prediction in 2-year-old children with and without autism spectrum disorder: An eye-tracking study [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. KROGH-JESPERSEN, Auteur ; Zsuzsa KALDY, Auteur ; A. G. VALADEZ, Auteur ; Alice S. CARTER, Auteur ; A. L. WOODWARD, Auteur . - p.870-882. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.870-882 Mots-clés : autism spectrum disorder  eye-tracking  goal prediction speed  goal-based action predictions  infants  prospective reasoning Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study examined the predictive reasoning abilities of typically developing (TD) infants and 2-year-old children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in an eye-tracking paradigm. Participants watched a video of a goal-directed action in which a human actor reached for and grasped one of two objects. At test, the objects switched locations. Across these events, we measured: visual anticipation of the action outcome with kinematic cues (i.e., a completed reaching behavior); goal prediction of the action outcome without kinematic cues (i.e., an incomplete reach); and latencies to generate predictions across these two tasks. Results revealed similarities in action anticipation across groups when trajectory information regarding the intended goal was present; however, when predicting the goal without kinematic cues, developmental and diagnostic differences became evident. Younger TD children generated goal-based visual predictions, whereas older TD children were not systematic in their visual predictions. In contrast to both TD groups, children with ASD generated location-based predictions, suggesting that their visual predictions may reflect visuomotor perseveration. Together, these results suggest differences in early predictive reasoning abilities. Autism Res 2018, 11: 870-882. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: The current study examines the ability to generate visual predictions regarding other people's goal-directed actions, specifically reaching and grasping an object, in infants and children with and without autism spectrum disorder. Results showed no differences in abilities when movement information about a person's goal was evident; however, differences were evident across age and clinical diagnoses when relying on previous knowledge to generate a visual prediction. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1936 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

Proneness to guilt, shame, and pride in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and neurotypical children / D. DAVIDSON in Autism Research, 11-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.883-892 Titre : Proneness to guilt, shame, and pride in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and neurotypical children Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : D. DAVIDSON, Auteur ; E. HILVERT, Auteur ; I. MISIUNAITE, Auteur ; M. GIORDANO, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.883-892 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : autism  guilt  pride  self-conscious emotions  shame  symptom severity  theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Self-conscious emotions (e.g., guilt, shame, and pride) are complex emotions that require self-reflection and self-evaluation, and are thought to facilitate the maintenance of societal norms and personal standards. Despite the importance of self-conscious emotions, most research has focused on basic emotion processing in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Therefore, in the present study, we used the Test of Self-Conscious Affect for Children (TOSCA-C) to assess proneness to, or propensity to experience, the self-conscious emotions guilt, shame, and pride in children with ASD and neurotypical children. The TOSCA-C is designed to capture a child's natural tendency to experience a given emotion across a range of everyday situations [Tangney, Stuewig, & Mashek, 2007]. We also assessed how individual characteristics contribute to the development of proneness to self-conscious emotions, including theory of mind (ToM) and ASD symptomatology. In comparison to neurotypical children, children with ASD showed less proneness to guilt, although all children showed relatively high levels of proneness to guilt. Greater ToM ability was related to more proneness to guilt and authentic pride in children with ASD. Additionally, we found that children with ASD with more severe symptomatology were more prone to hubristic pride. Our results provide evidence of differences in proneness to self-conscious emotions in children with ASD, as well as highlight important mechanisms contributing to how children with ASD may experience self-conscious emotions. Autism Res 2018,11:883-892. (c)2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This research examined proneness to guilt, shame, and pride in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and neurotypical children. We found that children with ASD showed less proneness to guilt than neurotypical children. Better understanding of theory of mind was related to greater proneness to guilt and pride, but only for children with ASD. These findings are important because these complex emotions are linked with both positive and negative social behaviors towards others and oneself. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1937 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] Proneness to guilt, shame, and pride in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders and neurotypical children [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / D. DAVIDSON, Auteur ; E. HILVERT, Auteur ; I. MISIUNAITE, Auteur ; M. GIORDANO, Auteur . - p.883-892. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.883-892 Mots-clés : autism  guilt  pride  self-conscious emotions  shame  symptom severity  theory of mind Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Self-conscious emotions (e.g., guilt, shame, and pride) are complex emotions that require self-reflection and self-evaluation, and are thought to facilitate the maintenance of societal norms and personal standards. Despite the importance of self-conscious emotions, most research has focused on basic emotion processing in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Therefore, in the present study, we used the Test of Self-Conscious Affect for Children (TOSCA-C) to assess proneness to, or propensity to experience, the self-conscious emotions guilt, shame, and pride in children with ASD and neurotypical children. The TOSCA-C is designed to capture a child's natural tendency to experience a given emotion across a range of everyday situations [Tangney, Stuewig, & Mashek, 2007]. We also assessed how individual characteristics contribute to the development of proneness to self-conscious emotions, including theory of mind (ToM) and ASD symptomatology. In comparison to neurotypical children, children with ASD showed less proneness to guilt, although all children showed relatively high levels of proneness to guilt. Greater ToM ability was related to more proneness to guilt and authentic pride in children with ASD. Additionally, we found that children with ASD with more severe symptomatology were more prone to hubristic pride. Our results provide evidence of differences in proneness to self-conscious emotions in children with ASD, as well as highlight important mechanisms contributing to how children with ASD may experience self-conscious emotions. Autism Res 2018,11:883-892. (c)2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This research examined proneness to guilt, shame, and pride in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and neurotypical children. We found that children with ASD showed less proneness to guilt than neurotypical children. Better understanding of theory of mind was related to greater proneness to guilt and pride, but only for children with ASD. These findings are important because these complex emotions are linked with both positive and negative social behaviors towards others and oneself. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1937 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

Motor competency and social communication skills in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder / Francesco CRAIG in Autism Research, 11-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.893-902 Titre : Motor competency and social communication skills in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : Francesco CRAIG, Auteur ; A. LORENZO, Auteur ; E. LUCARELLI, Auteur ; L. RUSSO, Auteur ; I. FANIZZA, Auteur ; A. TRABACCA, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.893-902 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Acsf:Sc  intellectual disabilities  motor skills  social cognition  social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study aimed to investigate the association between motor competency and social communication in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) compared with children with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) and typically developing (TD) children. Motor competency, ASD symptoms, and nonverbal Intelligent Quotient (IQ) were investigated through the following tests: Movement Assessment Battery for Children, second edition (MABC-2), Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), Autism Classification System of Functioning: Social Communication (ACSF:SC) and Leiter International Performances Scale Revised (Leiter-R). The ASD + ID and ID groups had lower MABC-2-manual dexterity mean scores, MABC-2-aiming and catching mean scores, MABC-2-static and dynamic balance mean scores and MABC-2-TTS compared with the TD group (P < 0.05). In addition, the ASD + ID group had lower MABC-2-aiming and catching mean scores compared with the ID group. In the ASD + ID group, we found a significant negative correlation (P < 0.001) between MABC-2-aiming and catching scores with SCQ scores, nonverbal IQ and ACSF:SC levels. Our findings provide new insight into the common neuropsychological mechanisms underlying social communication and motor deficits in ASD. Multiple deficits in motor functioning may be present in ASD and ID, however deficits involving the ability to integrate motor and social cues are somewhat specific to ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 893-902. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study highlighted the specificity of motor impairment in ASD comparing performances on a frequently used measure of motor impairment between clinical groups (ASD + ID and ID) and a non-clinical group. While previous research has suggested that multiple deficits in motor functioning may be present in ASD, our findings suggest that deficits in tasks involving the ability to integrate visual and motor cues (aiming and catching task) are somewhat specific to ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1939 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] Motor competency and social communication skills in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / Francesco CRAIG, Auteur ; A. LORENZO, Auteur ; E. LUCARELLI, Auteur ; L. RUSSO, Auteur ; I. FANIZZA, Auteur ; A. TRABACCA, Auteur . - p.893-902. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.893-902 Mots-clés : Acsf:Sc  intellectual disabilities  motor skills  social cognition  social communication Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : This study aimed to investigate the association between motor competency and social communication in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) compared with children with Intellectual Disabilities (ID) and typically developing (TD) children. Motor competency, ASD symptoms, and nonverbal Intelligent Quotient (IQ) were investigated through the following tests: Movement Assessment Battery for Children, second edition (MABC-2), Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ), Autism Classification System of Functioning: Social Communication (ACSF:SC) and Leiter International Performances Scale Revised (Leiter-R). The ASD + ID and ID groups had lower MABC-2-manual dexterity mean scores, MABC-2-aiming and catching mean scores, MABC-2-static and dynamic balance mean scores and MABC-2-TTS compared with the TD group (P < 0.05). In addition, the ASD + ID group had lower MABC-2-aiming and catching mean scores compared with the ID group. In the ASD + ID group, we found a significant negative correlation (P < 0.001) between MABC-2-aiming and catching scores with SCQ scores, nonverbal IQ and ACSF:SC levels. Our findings provide new insight into the common neuropsychological mechanisms underlying social communication and motor deficits in ASD. Multiple deficits in motor functioning may be present in ASD and ID, however deficits involving the ability to integrate motor and social cues are somewhat specific to ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 893-902. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This study highlighted the specificity of motor impairment in ASD comparing performances on a frequently used measure of motor impairment between clinical groups (ASD + ID and ID) and a non-clinical group. While previous research has suggested that multiple deficits in motor functioning may be present in ASD, our findings suggest that deficits in tasks involving the ability to integrate visual and motor cues (aiming and catching task) are somewhat specific to ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1939 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

A new measure of child vocal reciprocity in children with autism spectrum disorder / A. L. HARBISON in Autism Research, 11-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.903-915 Titre : A new measure of child vocal reciprocity in children with autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : A. L. HARBISON, Auteur ; Tiffany G. WOYNAROSKI, Auteur ; J. TAPP, Auteur ; J. W. WADE, Auteur ; A. S. WARLAUMONT, Auteur ; Paul J. YODER, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.903-915 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Lena  autism  automated vocal analysis  preschool  preverbal  reciprocity  vocalizations Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children's vocal development occurs in the context of reciprocal exchanges with a communication partner who models "speechlike" productions. We propose a new measure of child vocal reciprocity, which we define as the degree to which an adult vocal response increases the probability of an immediately following child vocal response. Vocal reciprocity is likely to be associated with the speechlikeness of vocal communication in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Two studies were conducted to test the utility of the new measure. The first used simulated vocal samples with randomly sequenced child and adult vocalizations to test the accuracy of the proposed index of child vocal reciprocity. The second was an empirical study of 21 children with ASD who were preverbal or in the early stages of language development. Daylong vocal samples collected in the natural environment were computer analyzed to derive the proposed index of child vocal reciprocity, which was highly stable when derived from two daylong vocal samples and was associated with speechlikeness of vocal communication. This association was significant even when controlling for chance probability of child vocalizations to adult vocal responses, probability of adult vocalizations, or probability of child vocalizations. A valid measure of children's vocal reciprocity might eventually improve our ability to predict which children are on track to develop useful speech and/or are most likely to respond to language intervention. A link to a free, publicly-available software program to derive the new measure of child vocal reciprocity is provided. Autism Res 2018, 11: 903-915. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Children and adults often engage in back-and-forth vocal exchanges. The extent to which they do so is believed to support children's early speech and language development. Two studies tested a new measure of child vocal reciprocity using computer-generated and real-life vocal samples of young children with autism collected in natural settings. The results provide initial evidence of accuracy, test-retest reliability, and validity of the new measure of child vocal reciprocity. A sound measure of children's vocal reciprocity might improve our ability to predict which children are on track to develop useful speech and/or are most likely to respond to language intervention. A free, publicly-available software program and manuals are provided. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1942 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] A new measure of child vocal reciprocity in children with autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / A. L. HARBISON, Auteur ; Tiffany G. WOYNAROSKI, Auteur ; J. TAPP, Auteur ; J. W. WADE, Auteur ; A. S. WARLAUMONT, Auteur ; Paul J. YODER, Auteur . - p.903-915. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.903-915 Mots-clés : Lena  autism  automated vocal analysis  preschool  preverbal  reciprocity  vocalizations Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Children's vocal development occurs in the context of reciprocal exchanges with a communication partner who models "speechlike" productions. We propose a new measure of child vocal reciprocity, which we define as the degree to which an adult vocal response increases the probability of an immediately following child vocal response. Vocal reciprocity is likely to be associated with the speechlikeness of vocal communication in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Two studies were conducted to test the utility of the new measure. The first used simulated vocal samples with randomly sequenced child and adult vocalizations to test the accuracy of the proposed index of child vocal reciprocity. The second was an empirical study of 21 children with ASD who were preverbal or in the early stages of language development. Daylong vocal samples collected in the natural environment were computer analyzed to derive the proposed index of child vocal reciprocity, which was highly stable when derived from two daylong vocal samples and was associated with speechlikeness of vocal communication. This association was significant even when controlling for chance probability of child vocalizations to adult vocal responses, probability of adult vocalizations, or probability of child vocalizations. A valid measure of children's vocal reciprocity might eventually improve our ability to predict which children are on track to develop useful speech and/or are most likely to respond to language intervention. A link to a free, publicly-available software program to derive the new measure of child vocal reciprocity is provided. Autism Res 2018, 11: 903-915. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Children and adults often engage in back-and-forth vocal exchanges. The extent to which they do so is believed to support children's early speech and language development. Two studies tested a new measure of child vocal reciprocity using computer-generated and real-life vocal samples of young children with autism collected in natural settings. The results provide initial evidence of accuracy, test-retest reliability, and validity of the new measure of child vocal reciprocity. A sound measure of children's vocal reciprocity might improve our ability to predict which children are on track to develop useful speech and/or are most likely to respond to language intervention. A free, publicly-available software program and manuals are provided. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1942 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

Click-evoked auditory brainstem responses and autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analytic review / N. M. TALGE in Autism Research, 11-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.916-927 Titre : Click-evoked auditory brainstem responses and autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analytic review Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : N. M. TALGE, Auteur ; B. M. TUDOR, Auteur ; P. R. KILENY, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.916-927 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : auditory  autism spectrum disorder  brain stem  evoked potentials Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Behavior does not differentiate ASD risk prior to 12 months of age, but biomarkers may inform risk before symptoms emerge. Click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) may be worth consideration due to their measurement properties (noninvasiveness; reliability) and conceptual features (well-characterized neural generators), but participant characteristics and assessment protocols vary considerably across studies. Our goal is to perform a meta-analysis of the association between ABRs and ASD. Following an electronic database search (PubMed, Medline, PsycInfo, PsycArticles), we included papers that were written in English, included ASD and typically-developing (TD) groups, and reported the information needed to calculate standardized mean differences (Hedges's g) for at least one ABR latency component (I, III, V, I-III, III-V, I-V). We weighted and averaged effect sizes across conditions and subsets of participants to yield one estimate per component per study. We then performed random-effects regressions to generate component-specific estimates. ASD was associated with longer ABR latencies for Waves III (g = 0.5, 95% CI 0.1, 0.9), V (g = 0.7, 95% CI 0.3, 1.1), I-III (g = 0.7, 95% CI 0.2, 1.2), and I-V (g = 0.6, 95% CI 0.2, 1.0). All components showed significant heterogeneity. Associations were strongest among participants En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1946 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] Click-evoked auditory brainstem responses and autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analytic review [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / N. M. TALGE, Auteur ; B. M. TUDOR, Auteur ; P. R. KILENY, Auteur . - p.916-927. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.916-927 Mots-clés : auditory  autism spectrum disorder  brain stem  evoked potentials Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Behavior does not differentiate ASD risk prior to 12 months of age, but biomarkers may inform risk before symptoms emerge. Click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) may be worth consideration due to their measurement properties (noninvasiveness; reliability) and conceptual features (well-characterized neural generators), but participant characteristics and assessment protocols vary considerably across studies. Our goal is to perform a meta-analysis of the association between ABRs and ASD. Following an electronic database search (PubMed, Medline, PsycInfo, PsycArticles), we included papers that were written in English, included ASD and typically-developing (TD) groups, and reported the information needed to calculate standardized mean differences (Hedges's g) for at least one ABR latency component (I, III, V, I-III, III-V, I-V). We weighted and averaged effect sizes across conditions and subsets of participants to yield one estimate per component per study. We then performed random-effects regressions to generate component-specific estimates. ASD was associated with longer ABR latencies for Waves III (g = 0.5, 95% CI 0.1, 0.9), V (g = 0.7, 95% CI 0.3, 1.1), I-III (g = 0.7, 95% CI 0.2, 1.2), and I-V (g = 0.6, 95% CI 0.2, 1.0). All components showed significant heterogeneity. Associations were strongest among participants En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1946 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

The emotion dysregulation inventory: Psychometric properties and item response theory calibration in an autism spectrum disorder sample / C. A. MAZEFSKY in Autism Research, 11-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.928-941 Titre : The emotion dysregulation inventory: Psychometric properties and item response theory calibration in an autism spectrum disorder sample Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : C. A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur ; L. YU, Auteur ; Susan W. WHITE, Auteur ; M. SIEGEL, Auteur ; P. A. PILKONIS, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.928-941 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : Promis(r)  assessment  autism spectrum disorder  emotion regulation  irritability  item response theory  questionnaire Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often present with prominent emotion dysregulation that requires treatment but can be difficult to measure. The Emotion Dysregulation Inventory (EDI) was created using methods developed by the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS((R)) ) to capture observable indicators of poor emotion regulation. Caregivers of 1,755 youth with ASD completed 66 candidate EDI items, and the final 30 items were selected based on classical test theory and item response theory (IRT) analyses. The analyses identified two factors: (a) Reactivity, characterized by intense, rapidly escalating, sustained, and poorly regulated negative emotional reactions, and (b) Dysphoria, characterized by anhedonia, sadness, and nervousness. The final items did not show differential item functioning (DIF) based on gender, age, intellectual ability, or verbal ability. Because the final items were calibrated using IRT, even a small number of items offers high precision, minimizing respondent burden. IRT co-calibration of the EDI with related measures demonstrated its superiority in assessing the severity of emotion dysregulation with as few as seven items. Validity of the EDI was supported by expert review, its association with related constructs (e.g., anxiety and depression symptoms, aggression), higher scores in psychiatric inpatients with ASD compared to a community ASD sample, and demonstration of test-retest stability and sensitivity to change. In sum, the EDI provides an efficient and sensitive method to measure emotion dysregulation for clinical assessment, monitoring, and research in youth with ASD of any level of cognitive or verbal ability. Autism Res 2018, 11: 928-941. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This paper describes a new measure of poor emotional control called the Emotion Dysregulation Inventory (EDI). Caregivers of 1,755 youth with ASD completed candidate items, and advanced statistical techniques were applied to identify the best final items. The EDI is unique because it captures common emotional problems in ASD and is appropriate for both nonverbal and verbal youth. It is an efficient and sensitive measure for use in clinical assessments, monitoring, and research with youth with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1947 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] The emotion dysregulation inventory: Psychometric properties and item response theory calibration in an autism spectrum disorder sample [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / C. A. MAZEFSKY, Auteur ; L. YU, Auteur ; Susan W. WHITE, Auteur ; M. SIEGEL, Auteur ; P. A. PILKONIS, Auteur . - p.928-941. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.928-941 Mots-clés : Promis(r)  assessment  autism spectrum disorder  emotion regulation  irritability  item response theory  questionnaire Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often present with prominent emotion dysregulation that requires treatment but can be difficult to measure. The Emotion Dysregulation Inventory (EDI) was created using methods developed by the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS((R)) ) to capture observable indicators of poor emotion regulation. Caregivers of 1,755 youth with ASD completed 66 candidate EDI items, and the final 30 items were selected based on classical test theory and item response theory (IRT) analyses. The analyses identified two factors: (a) Reactivity, characterized by intense, rapidly escalating, sustained, and poorly regulated negative emotional reactions, and (b) Dysphoria, characterized by anhedonia, sadness, and nervousness. The final items did not show differential item functioning (DIF) based on gender, age, intellectual ability, or verbal ability. Because the final items were calibrated using IRT, even a small number of items offers high precision, minimizing respondent burden. IRT co-calibration of the EDI with related measures demonstrated its superiority in assessing the severity of emotion dysregulation with as few as seven items. Validity of the EDI was supported by expert review, its association with related constructs (e.g., anxiety and depression symptoms, aggression), higher scores in psychiatric inpatients with ASD compared to a community ASD sample, and demonstration of test-retest stability and sensitivity to change. In sum, the EDI provides an efficient and sensitive method to measure emotion dysregulation for clinical assessment, monitoring, and research in youth with ASD of any level of cognitive or verbal ability. Autism Res 2018, 11: 928-941. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: This paper describes a new measure of poor emotional control called the Emotion Dysregulation Inventory (EDI). Caregivers of 1,755 youth with ASD completed candidate items, and advanced statistical techniques were applied to identify the best final items. The EDI is unique because it captures common emotional problems in ASD and is appropriate for both nonverbal and verbal youth. It is an efficient and sensitive measure for use in clinical assessments, monitoring, and research with youth with ASD. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1947 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366

Empathy and face processing in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder / S. N. RIGBY in Autism Research, 11-6 (June 2018)  

Public ISBD [article]  inAutism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.942-955 Titre : Empathy and face processing in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder Type de document : Texte imprimé et/ou numérique Auteurs : S. N. RIGBY, Auteur ; B. M. STOESZ, Auteur ; L. S. JAKOBSON, Auteur Article en page(s) : p.942-955 Langues : Anglais (eng) Mots-clés : adults  autism spectrum disorder  empathy  face processing/perception  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many factors contribute to social difficulties in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The goal of the present work was to determine whether atypicalities in how individuals with ASD process static, socially engaging faces persist when nonrigid facial motion cues are present. We also sought to explore the relationships between various face processing abilities and individual differences in autism symptom severity and traits such as empathy. Participants included 16 adults with ASD without intellectual impairment and 16 sex- and age-matched controls. Mean Verbal IQ was comparable across groups [t(30) = 0.70, P = 0.49]. The two groups responded similarly to many of the experimental manipulations; however, relative to controls, participants with ASD responded more slowly to dynamic expressive faces, even when no judgment was required; were less accurate at identity matching with static and dynamic faces; and needed more time to make identity and expression judgments [F(1, 30) >/= 6.37, P /= 0.175 in all cases], particularly when the faces were moving [F(1, 30) = 3.40, P = 0.072, etap(2) = 0.104]. In the full sample, as social autistic traits increased and empathic skills declined, participants needed more time to judge static identity, and static or dynamic expressions [0.43 < |rs | < 0.56]. The results suggest that adults with ASD show general impairments in face and motion processing and support the view that an examination of individual variation in particular personality traits and abilities is important for advancing our understanding of face perception. Autism Res 2018, 11: 942-955. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Our findings suggest that people with ASD have problems processing expressive faces, especially when seen in motion. It is important to learn who is most at risk for face processing problems, given that in the general population such problems appear to be linked to impaired social skills and empathy. By studying relationships between different abilities and traits, we may be able to find better ways to diagnose and support all people on the autism spectrum. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1948 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366 [article] Empathy and face processing in adults with and without autism spectrum disorder [Texte imprimé et/ou numérique] / S. N. RIGBY, Auteur ; B. M. STOESZ, Auteur ; L. S. JAKOBSON, Auteur . - p.942-955. Langues : Anglais (eng) in Autism Research > 11-6 (June 2018) . - p.942-955 Mots-clés : adults  autism spectrum disorder  empathy  face processing/perception  social cognition Index. décimale : PER Périodiques Résumé : Many factors contribute to social difficulties in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The goal of the present work was to determine whether atypicalities in how individuals with ASD process static, socially engaging faces persist when nonrigid facial motion cues are present. We also sought to explore the relationships between various face processing abilities and individual differences in autism symptom severity and traits such as empathy. Participants included 16 adults with ASD without intellectual impairment and 16 sex- and age-matched controls. Mean Verbal IQ was comparable across groups [t(30) = 0.70, P = 0.49]. The two groups responded similarly to many of the experimental manipulations; however, relative to controls, participants with ASD responded more slowly to dynamic expressive faces, even when no judgment was required; were less accurate at identity matching with static and dynamic faces; and needed more time to make identity and expression judgments [F(1, 30) >/= 6.37, P /= 0.175 in all cases], particularly when the faces were moving [F(1, 30) = 3.40, P = 0.072, etap(2) = 0.104]. In the full sample, as social autistic traits increased and empathic skills declined, participants needed more time to judge static identity, and static or dynamic expressions [0.43 < |rs | < 0.56]. The results suggest that adults with ASD show general impairments in face and motion processing and support the view that an examination of individual variation in particular personality traits and abilities is important for advancing our understanding of face perception. Autism Res 2018, 11: 942-955. (c) 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Our findings suggest that people with ASD have problems processing expressive faces, especially when seen in motion. It is important to learn who is most at risk for face processing problems, given that in the general population such problems appear to be linked to impaired social skills and empathy. By studying relationships between different abilities and traits, we may be able to find better ways to diagnose and support all people on the autism spectrum. En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aur.1948 Permalink : https://www.cra-rhone-alpes.org/cid/opac_css/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=366